-1- O6jiaCTb πρΗΜβΗβΗΗΑ Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗΗ

HsoCpeTeHHe KacaeTCH 3πθκτροκοητ3ΚΤΗογο HarpeBa MeTannunecKHX U3p,emi&,npHueM TeMnepaTypnoe BoaneňcTBHe προη3βοηητ nepneHflHKynHpno HanpaBJíeHmoηροτβκβΗΗΗ TOKa.

XapaKTepHCTHKa HSBecTHbtx TexmwecKHx pememtň Πρη sjíeKTpoKOHTaKTHOM HarpeBe HarpeB npoHcxoflHT 6naroflapn HenocpegcTBeHao-My npespameHUJo sneKTpiraecKoň sHeprun b τβππο b ňeTajiH, no κοτοροϋ προτβ-xaeT tok. PacnpefleneHHe TeMnepaTypw b HarpeBaéMoň fleTann, κβκ H3BecTHo,3a~bhcht: - ot chjiu TOKa, iuiothocth, yfl&n&Horo Tenna h ot yflenbHoň ajieKTpnnecKoňTeiuionpOBOflHocTH cooTseTCTByioiuero MaTepnana οτηοοητθπβηο npeo6pa3OBannnaneKTpnnecKoň sHeprun b τβππο; -T ,ot K03(M>nuřieHTa TennonpoeoflHocTH, κοοφφΗΐχκβΗτβ Tennonepeflann, πποτηοοτηh ot yflenbHoro Tenna cooTBeTCTByiomero MaTepnana oTHocHTenhHo ycnoBHň -iH3nyneHna Tenna b oKpy»aiomyjo cpefly. flc chx nóp fína onpefleneHHH 3πβκτρηηβοκΗχ πβρβΜβτροΒ nplínuHnuanhHo ňcnoní»-soBanacb ycTaHaBnHBaramaacH noBepxHocTHaa TeMnepaTypa fleTann, ňe πρηηημηηBO ΒΗΗΜβΗΗβ ρβΟΠρβΑβΠβΗΗβ ΤβΜΠβρβΤγρΜ nepneHflKKyJIHpHO HanpaBneHHlO προτβκβ“hhh TOKa, κοτοροβ ηβπηθτοη peaynhTHpyranHM H3 ycnoBHň HarpeBaHHH h nanyne-HHH. 3to othochtch ko BceM H3BecTHbiM cnocoSaM 3ΠβκτροκοΗτβκτΗθΓθ HarpeBa Μβτβπ-nnnecKHX p,eT&ae&, flanee H3 πβτβΗτβ DE-AS 1262320 Η3ΒβοτβΗ cnoco6, πρη κοτοροΜ bo βρθμη 3πβκ-τροκοητ3κτηογο HarpeBa npeflBapHTenbHo HarpeToro cťanbHoro 6ποκβ npoH3Bo-Ahtch no MeHbmeň Mepe βρθμη ot ΒρβΜβΗΗ o6pa6oTKa noBepxHocTH δηοκβ boroAηπη napoM. HeflocTaTKOM πρκ stom ηβπηθτοη to, mto HCKmonaeTCH ycTaHOBneHneTpeCyeMoro pacnpefleneHnn TeMnepaTypw no nonepenHOMy ceneHHio ň He μοκθτ6biTb nonyneH onpeneneHHbiň TeMnepaTypHbiň rpanneHT. B peeynbTaTe ycnoBHň HarpeBaHHH n HanyneHHH ποοτοηηηο nponcxoflHT onpefle- neHHoe pacnpeneneHHe TeMnepaTypw no nonepenrioMy ceneHnw, κοτοροβ npHHHMa- 247109 -2- eTca xax flaHHoe, 3to HBJíneTCH xax pa3 ΗεροετετκοΜ ypoBHH τθχηηκη, Tax xaxoTHocHTejibHo npo6jieMbi HarpenaHHH, xoTopyio HyacHo peuiHTb, nojiynaiomeecH pac-npepeneHHe TeMnepaTypw 'nepneHpHxyjiHpHo HanpaBJíeHHio npoTexaHHH Toxa fiBJíaer-CH B eojibUMHCTBe cjiynaeB He tbxhm, KOTopoe oGecnenHBaeT onTHMaJibHoe perne-HH£ npOČJieMbl.

Uejib H3o6peTeHH« Iíejibio Η3θ6ρετβΗΗΗ HBjíaeTCH ycTpaHeHHe HepocTaTKOB H3BecTHbix pemeHHH coot-BeTCTByioinero ypoBHH τεχΗΗχκ SnaropapH npHMeHeHHio cnoco6a, xoTopwíí o6ecnenH-Baer pocTHaceHHe TpečyeMoro pacnpepeneHHH TeMneparypbi b MeTaJUiHqecxoň ρετβ-jjh nepneHfíHKyjjfipho HanpaBJíeHHio npoTexaHHH Toxa, Tax hto «jih εοοτΒετετΒεΗ-HO npBflyCMOTpeHHOň ΤεΠΠΟΒΟή OČpaÓOTXH MOateT CbITb yCTaHOBJíeHO OnTHMajIbHOBpacnpepejieHHe TeMnepaTypw b peTajiH, H3JIO»£HH£ CyiH£CTBa Η3θ6ρεΤβΗΗΗ B ocHOBy Η3θ6ρετβΗΗΗ nonoaceHa 3apaqa - nonyqHTb onTHMajibHo cooTBeTCTBy-romea xoHeqHOH ρεηκ pacnpepeneHHe TeMnepaTypw nepneHpHxynHpHo HanpaBJíeHHionpoTexaHHH Toxa πρκ anaxTpoxoHTaxTHOM HarpeBe MeTajiJiHqecxHX peTajieíi, npn-ίβμ 3aBHCHMOCTb ypénbHoro snexTpHqecxoro conpOTHBneHHH οτ TeMnepaTypw; IÍBJíeHanpaBJlBHHO HCnOJlb3yiOT flJIH BO3peHCTBHH Ha pacnpepeneHHe TeMnapaTypbI.CornacHo Η3θ6ρετβΗΗΐο 3Ta 3apaqa peinaeTca τθμ, ητο b HarpesaeMoň peTajiH,npeflBapHTBJíbHaa TepMHqecxan ofipafíoTxa χοτοροϋ MoaceT 6biTb ocymecTBneHa pa3-JlHHHblMH CnOCOSaMH, HCXJnOMHTaJIbHO περεβ h/hJIH BO BpeMH 3ΛεΧΤρ0Χ0ΗΤ3ΧΤΗ0Γ0HarpeBa nocpaflCTBOM opHoro hjih HecxonbXHX H3B8CTHbDC ycTpoftcTB Harpesah/hhh oxjiaamaHHH onpepeJieHHoň 3HepreTHqecxoň moiuhocth, pononHHTejibHo opho-ΒρεΜβΗΗο hjih nocnepoBaTenbHo BO3p,eňcTBywinnx Ha paajiHHHbié yqacTXH peTannnepneHpHxynHpHo HanpaBJíeHHio npoTexaHHH Toxa, co3paeTCH TeMnepaTypHbiň rpa-flueHT b ποπερβΗκοΜ cbhbhhh. IjepaBHOMepHoe pacnpepeneHHe TeMnepaTypw bποπερεΗΗΟΜ ceneam peTanH co3paeTCH HcxníoqHTenbHo nocpepcTBOM H3BecTHbixycTpoňcTB HarpeBaHHH h/hjih oxnaacpeHHH nepep snexTpoxoHTaxTHbíM HarpeBoM, HJIH HCXJHOHHTBJIhHO nOCpepCTBOM H3B8CTHbIX yCTpoftCTB HarpeBa H/HJIH OXJiaJKflB-HHH BO BpeMH 3JI8XTpOKOHTaXTHOrO HarpeBa, HHH nOCpepCTBOM ΟΡΗΟΒρβΜβΗΗΟΓΟBO3fl8ňCTBHH H3B8CTHbK yCTpoftCTB HarpeBa h/hJIH ΟΧΗ3»ΡΘΗΗΗ περερ H BO BpeMH3JiexTpoxoHTaxTHoro HarpeBa. Βθ3Μθ2κεκ Taxace Taxoň BapnaHT pemeHHH, xorpa Tpe6yeMoe HepaBHOMepHoe pac-npepejieHne TeMnepaTypw b nonepeqnoM ceqeHHH peTajiH co3paeTCH HCxníoqHTenb-ho nocpepcTBOM nepBoň H3BecTHoň xoHTaxTHoň BaHHbí ycTpoňcTBa SJíeXTpOXOH-τηχτηογο HarpeBa. ΠρΗΜβρ ocymecTBJíeHHH Η3θ6ρετεΗΗΗ Η3θ6ρεΤβΗΗβ pOJDKHO ÓbITb nOppOĎHO nOHCHeHO Ha npHMepe. CTajibHan npoBonoxa M45 ρΗβΜετροΜ 4 mm, pjihhoíí 500 mm c HcxopHoň τβΜπε-paTypoň, HanpHMep 0°C HarpesaeTCH anexTpHqecxH nocpepcTBOM HajioaceHHH peyxKOHTaXTOB. nepep HanajioM HarpeBaHHH tokom noBepxHocTb peTajiH po rnyĎHHw 0,5 mm nar-peBaioT BHemHHM HarpeBaTejibHbíM ycTpoňcTBOM b BHpe pHJiHHppHnecxoň ajiexTpn-qecxH HarpeBaeMoň neqH bwcokoíí MomňocTH po TeMnepaTypw 200 C. Ilocne bkwo·neHHH ĎJioxa nHTaHHH pjih 3JiexTpoKOHTaxTHoro HarpeBa c HanpnaceHHeM 40 bojibth BpeMeHeM BoapeňcTB.HH 40 cex. nonyqaeTCH xoHeqHoe pacnpepeneHHe τεΜπε-paTypw οτ 950ůC b 3OHe nonepennoro ceqeHHH, nepBOHaqanbHO He nopBeprmeň-ch TemioBOMy BO3peHCTBHK), po 720°C b npepBapHTenbHO HarpeToň xpaeBoň 3OHe. 2. CTanbHaH npoBOJioxa M78 pnaMeTpoM 5,5 mm, βμχορηπρη H3 pasMaTWBaTejiH ~co cxopocTb» 20 m/mhh., HarpeBaeTCH 3JieKTpo.xoHTaxTHWM cnocoSoM nocpepcT- 247109 3- bom κοητηκτηροβ3ηηη b MeTaJuiHnecxoM pacruiaBe Ha flJiHHe 2000 mm (= fljiHHe -Harpesa) . fljiHHa nepBoň xoHTaxTHoň BaHHbí floracHa cocTaBJíHTb 1000 mm h eeTeMnepaTypa - 400°C. Πρκ thkhx ycnoBHHx bo βρθμη προχοκαθηηη προβοποχηnepe3 nepByra xoHTaxTHyro BaHHy npoHcxoflHT 6ecxoHTaxTHbiň HarpeB ee noeepx-hocth Ha rjiyČHHy 0,2 mm po 120°G, BCJieflCTBue nero ycTaHaBJíHBaeTCH paBHo-MepHoe pacnpefleneHiie Toxa nepneH«HKynHpHo och npOBOJioxn, κοτοροβ Ββρβτ κpaBHOMepHOMy pacnpefleneHHio TeMnepaTypbi b xoíme TepMHuecxoň ofipaSoTXH. 3to paBHOMepHoe pacnpe#eneHHe TeMnepaTypbi nepneH#Hxy.nHpHo och προβολοχηJiBJíHeTCH HeacejiaTejibHbíM, HanpHMep, ajih nocneflyramero H3OTepMHuecxoro npee-paineHHH Ha CTaflHH oĎpaaoBaHHH nepjiHTa. fljin τογο, hto6m co3flaTb TpefíyeMbieycjioBHH npeBpameHHH, Hflpo προβοποκη flOJDKHo ημθτβ TeMnepaTypy 930°C, a eenpHnoBepxHocTHafl 3OHa - 840°C. ffna θτογο Ha paccToHHHH 300 mm ot MecTaBxofla προβοποκη bo BTopyio KOHTaKTHyw saHHy ποπικηο BbiTb ycTanoBJíeHo BcecTopoHHe oxBaTbiBawmee npoBonoxy flononiiHTenbHoe ycTpoňcTBO HarpeBa ππηηοη200 mm h MomHocThio 0,45 κΒτ, κοτοροβ HarpeBaeT npoBonoxy 6ecxoHTaxTHbiMcnocoOoM Tax, hto 6narop;apH yBenHneHHOMy TaxHM o6pa3OM ynenbHOMy ajiexTpH-necxoMy conpOTHBneHHio προβοποκη flo rnyčHHbí 0,5 mm ee Η«ρο HMeeT TeMnepa-Typy Ha 80-100 K Bbnne, neM TeMnepaTypa npHnoBepxHQCTHoň 3ohh, hto npHBo—ΛΗΤ x co3flaHHK> xopouiHx H3OTepMHHecxHX ycnoBHň npeBpameHHH xacaTejibHo pae-HOMepHocTH npeBpameHHň Ha cTaflHH o6pa3OBaHHH nepnnTa. 3. CTanbHaa npoBOnoxa M78 flHaMeTpoM 5,5 mm, BbixoflHman H3 pa3MaTbiBaTenaco cxopocTbto 10 m/mhh,? HarpeBaeTCH 3JiexTpoxoHTaKTHbiM cnocočoM nocpeflCT-bom xoHTaxTHpoBaHHH b MeTannHnecxoM pacnnase na απηηθ 2000 mm (= fljiHHeHarpeBa). flnuHa nepBoň xoHTaxTHoň ββηημ flonacHa cocTaBHHTb 1000 mm h eeTeMnepaTypa - 400eC. Πρκ thkhx ycnoBHHX npn npoxoacfleHHH npoBonoxH qepeanepByra KOHTaxTHyro BaHHy nponcxoflHT ee 6ecxoHTaxTHbiň HarpeB flo 150°C HarjiySHHe 0,5 mm h no 330°C Ha rnySHHe 0,15 mm, BCneflCTBHe nero x Hananynpouecca HarpeBa ycTaHaBJíHBaeTCH HepaBHOMepHoe pacnpeneneHHe Toxa nepneH-flHXyjIHpHO OCH npOBOJlOXH. 3το πρηβοαητ x TOMy, hto CHanana Hftpo npoBonoxH narpeBaeTCH 6bicTpee, πθμee .npHnoBepxHocTHaa 3OHa, 3aTeM Ha paccToHHHH 120 mm ot MecTa Bbixona προ-βοποκη H3 nepBoň xoHTaxTHoň BaHHbí oóycnoBneHHaH TeMnepaTypoň pa3HHi;a ee-jihhhh yflenbHoro snexTpHHecxoro conpoTHBrieHHH Hflpa npoBonoxH h ee πρκπο-BepxHocTHoíí 3OHbi Tax BejiHxa, πτο npHnoBepxHocTHaH 3OHa HMeeT 3HanHTenbHo6onee Bbicoxyio πποτηοοτβ Toxa η τθμ caMbiM 6onee Bbicoxyio cxopoctb HarpeBa.3tot npou,ecc noBTOpneTCH nepnonunecxH ("nepHbie nHTHa") no Bxofla προβοπο-κη bo BTopyio xoHTaxTHyro BaHHy η πρΗΒοηκτ x cnynaňHOMy pacnpeneneHHio τθμ-nepaTypbi nepneHflHxynHpHo och προβοιχοχη, χοτοροβ BepeT x o6pa30BaHHio Heofl-HopoflHOCTeií cTpyxTypw, HanpHMep, απη nocnenyromeň 3axanxH. Πο 3Toň npnnH-He nepep; BxoflOM προβοποκη b nepByra xoHTaxTHyra BaHHy oHa nonacHa 6biTb npo-BepeHa nepe3 nononHHTenbHoe ycTpoňcTBO HarpeBa MomnocTbio 0,60 κΒτ, κοτο-ροβ npeflBapHTenbHo HarpeBaeT npoBonoxy ρ,ο 300 C Ha rny6HHe 0,5 mm. Bnaro-flapn sTOMy πρκ Bbixofle hs nepBoň κοητθχτηοη BaHHbí TeMnepaTypbi Hflpa προβο-ποκη h ee npHnoBepxHocTHoň 3ohm οτπηπθιοτοη ηηιιιβ He3HaHHTenhHo, hto flenaeTBO3MO3KHbiM paBHOMepHbtň HarpeB npH TepMHHecxoň o6pa6oTxe. 4. ΠΡΟΒΟΠΟΚΗ M45 ΡΗβΜβΤρΟΜ 4 MM, BbIXOflHmaH H3 pa3MaTbIBaTeJIH CO CXOpOCThlO30 m/mhh. HarpeBaeTCH anexTpoxoHTaxTHbíM cnocoóoM nocpeflCTBOM χοητθκτηρο-bhhhh b MeTajuiHHecxoM pacnnaBe Ha απηηθ 2000 mm (= fljiHHe HarpeBa) , flnHHanepBoň xoHTaxTHoň BaHHbí nonacHa cocTaBJíHTb 1000 mm h ee TeMnepaTypa -400°C. Πρκ TaxHX ycnoBHHX npn npoxoatneHHH nepea nepByra xoHTaxTHyro BaHHy 247109 -h- ripoBOJioKa HarpeBaeTCH flo 90°C Ha rnySnue 0,11 mm. Bnaro^apn ycTaHOBKe ρ,ο-nojiHHTejibHoro Harpesa flnnHoň 200 mm h moiuhoctbio 0,3 kBt, KOTopan BcecTo-pouHe oxBaTbiBaeT npoBonoKy, nocpeflCTBOM SecKOHTaKTHoro HarpeBa «ocTHraeT-ch iioBbiiiieHHe TeMnepaTypbi npHnoBepxHocTHoň sohm rnyOHHoň 0,2 mm flo 140°K.TeM caMbiM Ha Bbixofle nepBoň κοητβκτηοη βηηημ nonynaeTCH pacnpefleneHHe τβΜ-nepaTypbi nepneH^HKynnpHo och προΒοηοκΗ no 180°C no rnyóHHbí 0,18 mm, htoπρηβο^ητ κ 6ojiee ĎbiCTpoMy Harpeey Hflpa προΒοηοκΗ. 3to Μο»ετ 6biTb HeoSxo-flHMO npH Harpeee ΠρΟΒΟΒΟΚΗ, Η3ΓΟΤΟΒΠβΗΗΟΗ XOHOflHblM BOJIOHGHHeM, flJIfl ΤΟΓΟ,HToSbi oSecneHHTb HaHHHawmywcn b tot ace μομθητ peKpHCTannH3aitHio, κοτορβηπρκ o6bWHOM sjíeKTpoKOHTaKTHOM HarpeBe no npHHHHe pa3JiHHHbix κοοφφΗΐρίθΗτοΒΑεφορΜβμΗΗ (b npHnoBepxHocTHoň 3OHe Bbiiue πβΜ b Hflpe) HaHHHaeTCH cHananab Hftpe h Bbi3biBaeT HepaBHOMepHbie aycteHHTHbie npeBpaqeHHH. Ilocne pexpucTan-jiH3auHH no BceMy nonepenHOMy ceneHnio Μοκβτ Sbítb AocrarHyTO TpePyeMoe fljiaH3OTepMnnecKoro npeBpameHHH Ha CTaflHH o6pa3OBaHHH nepjiHTa TeMnepaTypHoepacnpefleneHHe (b npHnoBepxHocTHoň 3OHe HHace ueM b Hflpe) nocpeflCTBOM yc-τβΗΟΒΚΗ oxjiaatfl,aiomero ycTpoňcTBa λπηηοη 250 mm h MomHocTbio oxnaaweHHH0,35 κΒτ, κοτοροε nonHocTbio oxBaTbroaeT npoBonoxy h pacnonoaceHo Ha paccTo-HHHH 300 MM OT MeCTa BXOfla npOBOJIOKH ΒΟ BTOpyro KOHTHKTHyiO BaHHy.

Ha Bbixofle oxnaxtflaiomero ycTponcTBa npHnoBepxHocTHaa 30Ha προΒοηοκΗ Ha rny-6nHe 0,25 mm ΗΜββτ TeMnepaTypy Ha 195°K mixe, ηθμ TeMnepaTypa napa, htoBcjieflCTBue MeHbinero yflejibHoro aneKTpHnecKoro conpoTHBneHHH Ββ^βτ κ yee- ’jinneHHio iotothocth Toxa b . npHnoBepxHocTHOH 3OHe, κοτοροβ b TeneHHě'0,25 cex (= 120 mm) nocne Bbixo.ua προΒοηοκΗ H3 oxjiaawa;anero ycTpoňcTBa no-BbouaeT TeMnepaTypy npHnoBepxHocTHoň 3οημ προΒοηοκΗ Ha 200°K no cpaBHeHHioc TeMnepaTypoň nnpa. B TeqeHHe cneflyiomHx 0,25 cex. HaočopoT TeMnepaTypaHflpa Bbirne TeMnepaTypbi npHnoBepxHocTHoň 3OHbi. TaxnM o6pa3OM κ MOMeHTy bxo-«a bo BTopyw KOHTaxTHyio BaHHy npoBOJioxa meeT xenaeMbiň TeMnepaTypHbiň npo-(t>HJIb. 5. IIpoBonoKa M65 fluaMeTpoM 6 mm, BbixoflHiuaH H3 pasMaTbiBaTenu, HarpeBaeTCHsneKTpoKOHTaKTHbíM cnocoĎOM nocpeflCTBOM κοητβκτηροβηηηη b MeTannHnečKOMpacnnaBe no fljiHHe 2000 mm. flnHHa nepeoň KOHTaKTHoň ββηημ cocTaBJíaeT1000 mm h ee TeMnepaTypa 450 C. Bo BpeMH Harpeea npoBonoKa flOJBKHa HMeTb6onee BbicoKyw TeMnepaŤypy nnpa no Menbiueň Mepe b TeneHHe 2 cex., npHneMb xanecTBe npHnoBepxHocTHoň 3OHbi npHHHMaeTCH rayOnHa b 0,3 mm. Πρκ coot-BeTCTBywmeM BbiOope ckopocth προτηγηβηηηη nepean κοητηκτηηη BaHHa HapHflyc Φυηκι^ηθη nepeflann 3JieKTpo3Heprnn Μοκβτ oflHOBpeMeHHo BbmonHHTb t}>yHKipiHflonojiHHTejibHoro ycTpoňcTBa HarpeBa. Πρκ Ha3BaHHbix ycnoBHHX nposonoKa Ha rnyĎHHe 0,3 mmb TeneHHe 4 cex. 6y^erHMeTb TeMnepaTypy 260 C, ητο cooTBeTCTByeT ckopocth npoxoxyjeHHH nposono-kh 15 m/mhh. Cpa3y xe nocne Bbtxofla προΒοηοκΗ H3 nepBoň KOHTaKTHoň eaHHbíoHa flonacHa 6biTb npoBefleHa nepea oxBaTbiBaramee eě co Bcex ctopoh flononHH-TenhHoe ycTpoňcTBO HarpeBa flHHHoň 50 mm h MonpiocTbio 0,62 κΒτ, κοτοροβb TeneHHe 2 cex.ýBenHHHBaeT yjaenhHoe aneKTpHnecKoe conpoTHBnemie npHno-ÉepxHocTHOH 3ohm η τβΜ caMMM noBbunaeT ee TeMnepaTypy.Πρκ Bbixofle H3 flonon-HHTenbHoro ycTpoňcTBa HarpeBa b προΒοποκβ BO3HHKaeT nepHOflHnecKoe Η3Μβ-ζHeHHe pacnpefleneHHH TeMnepaTypw npHnpBepxHocTHan 3OHa - Hflpo, κοτοροβ :πρηβοαητ κ TOMy, hto npH Ha3BaHHbix ycnoBHHX b MOMeHT norpyxceHHn npoBOno-kh bo BTopyio KOHTaKTHyw BaHHy TeMnepaTypa ee npHnoBepxHocTHoň 3ohm BbnueTeMnepaTypw Hflpa. 247109 -5- ΦΟΡΜΥΠΑ Η3ΟΒΡΕΤΕΗΗΗ 1. Cnoco6 3ΛβκτρόκοΗτβκτΗθΓύ HarpeBa MeTajuiHHecxHx .qeTajieň, řípu Heočxo^i-mocth b coueTaHHH c hx npeflBapHTenbHoň TepMHqecKoň o6pa6oTxoň, oTjiHnaio-npiňcH τβΜ, hto b HarpeBaeMoň fleTajiH nocpeflCTBOM ofluoro hjih HecxojibXHxHSBecfHbix ycTpoťicTB HarpeBa h/hjih oxjiaaweHHH co3flaeTC« HepaBHOMepHoe pac-npenenemie TeMnepaTypbi nepneHflHKyjmpHo HanpaBJíeHHw nocjienywmero npoTexa-HHH TOKa, Η 3ΗΤβΜ fleTajIb ΗΒΓρβΒββΤΟΗ SJíeXTpOKOHTaXTHblM CIIOC060M ΠΡΗjiponycKaHHH no Heň Tona, h/hjih ηοποιιηητθπβηο bo BpeMH 3JiexTpoKOHTaxTHoroHarpeBa nocpeflCTBOM HssecTHbix ycTpoňCTB iHarpeBa h/hjih .oxjiaameHHH onpe—flejieHHoň aHepreranecKoň moiuhocth, oflHOBpeMeHHo hjih nocneflOBaTejibHo p,eň-cTByiomHX Ha fleřanb nepneHflHxyjiHpHo HanpaBJíeHHio npoTexaHHH Toxa, b HeňcoanaeTCH TeMnepaTypHbiň rpanneHT. 2. Cnoco6 no n. 1, oTJiHHawmHňcH τβΜ, hto TpeČyeMoe HepaBHOMepHoe pacnpe-flejieHHe TeMnepaTypbi b nonepenHOM ceneHHH flerajiH ycTaHaBJíHBaeTCH hckjhohh-TejibHO nocpeflCTBOM nepeoň roHTaxTHoň BaHHbí ycTpoňcTBa sjíexTpoKOHTaxTHoroHarpeBa. AHHOTAipia

Cnoco6 aneKTpoKOHTaKTHoro HarpeBa MeTajijiHnecxHX neTaneň Μ9θ6ρβτβΗΗβ xacaeTCH cnocoSa SJíexTpoxoHTaxTHoro HarpeBa MeTajunmecKHxoeTaneň, πρΗΗβΜ b oTjiHHHe ot o6bWHbix TexHOJiorHHecxHx cnocoSoB, b χοτορωχ/ρω ynpaBJíeHHH h peryjiHpoBaHHH TexHOJiornnecKoro nponecca Hcnojib3yeTCHTOJibKO TeMnepaTypa noBepxHocTH, b flaHHOM cnocoĎe npoH3BoflHTCH neneHanpaB-jieHHoe BO3p;eňcTBHe Ha TeMnepaTypHoe nojie neraJiH nepneHflHxyjiHpHo Hanpae-jieHHio npoTexaHHH Toxa b Heň.

Uejibio H3o6peTeHHH HBJíaeTCH cosffaHHe ueneHanpaBneHHoro pacnpe«eneHHH τβΜ-nepaTypw b MeTaJuiHuecxoň ne.TajiH npn HcnojibaoBHHHH shbhchmocth yfíejibHoroajriexTpHHecxoro eonpoTHBJíeHHH οτ TeMnepaTypbi.

CornacHo Η3θ6ρβτβΗΗ» 3Ta aaflana peraaeTca τβΜ, ητο CHanana HarpeBaeMan íie-Tant npoBOflHTCH uepe3 H3BecTHbie ycTpoňcTBa HarpeBa h/hjih oxJiaaweHHH, xo-τορωβ coa^aioT b jjeTajiH HepaBHOMepHoe pacnpeflejieimě TeMnepaTypbi nepneHflH- j.xynupHO HanpaBJíeHHw nocne^yu^ero npoTexaHHH tok a, 3aTeM ň®TaJib HarpeBáeT-:ch H3BecTHbiM o6pa3OM cnocoSoM anexTpoKOHTaxTHoro HarpeBa, η/ηπη ηοποηηη- 1TejibHo bo BpeMH sjíexTpoKOHTaxTHoro HarpeBa nocpeflCTBOM HSBecTHbix ycTpoňcTBHarpeea h/hjih oxnaaweHHH onpenejieHHoň aHepreTHuecxoň moiuhocth, οΑΗΟΒρβΜβΗ-ho hjih nocjienoBaTeJibHO fleňcTBymuHX Ha neTajib, b ee nonepennoM ceneHHH co3-naeTCH TeMnepaTypiibiň rpanneHT. IIpHSHaHo. Η3θ6ρβτβΗΗβΜ no peayjibTaTaM sxcnepTHSbi, ocymecTBjíeHHoů BeflOMCT-bom no neJiaM HsoCpeTeHHň h naTeHTOB Γ^Ρ. 247109