CS245518B1 - A vehicle with differentiated drive wheel drive controlled from the steering mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The solution concerns working machines and vehicles for agriculture, forestry and construction. It solves the impaired driving characteristics of the above machines in difficult and mountainous terrain. The essence of the solution is the use of hydrostatic transmissions (3, 4, 5 and 6) connected to the transfer case (2) of the internal combustion engine (1). The drive of the drive wheels (9, 10) is transmitted by a gear transmission (7, 8). The change in driving speed is carried out by turning the control levers (24, 25) with the gear lever (11) through a system of rods and levers. When the gear lever is turned (forward (forward drive) or backward (reverse drive), the pulley (31) moves outside the center of rotation of the main steering lever linkage (32) and by turning it with the steering wheel (36), the piston (35) in the cylinder (33) moves, pushing the fluid into the cylinder (26), which turns the isosceles lever (17) and regulates the rotation of the control levers (24, 25) so that the peripheral speed of both wheels is identical to the speed of the wheels rolling on the road.

Description

245518

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to a device for regulating the speed of the towing wheels of a vehicle, depending on the steering wheels being driven by the use of control hydrostatic shafts.

Self-propelled wheeled vehicles with one-axle axle and one steering axle have the following drawbacks: - A differential must be fitted to the drive axle drive system on the alignment circumferential speed wheels when cornering, allowing the wheels to rotate unevenly but causing both wheels the forests are driven by the same torque. Maximum torque obochkolies is limited by the lowest adhesion conditions of one of the queued wheels.This is mainly reflected in terrain vehicles with a very variable coefficient of adhesion of both wheels, for example: wet grass, clay, snow, etc., where can overflow wheels with low adhesion and the vehicle stops. This lack of difficulty is sometimes solved by adding a friction brake between the disc wheels of the differential, thereby increasing the wheel torque by the set torque. This solution has some other disadvantages, namely higher fuel consumption, tire wear increase and steerability, especially in terrain. - For the reliable control of these vehicles, the condition is that the lateral force of the steered wheels must be greater than that of the driving wheels. This condition is met by a sufficient margin for most vehicles and with a small wheel drive resistance. When driving off-road with high rolling resistance or high climb, especially when the steering wheels are unloaded by the towing force of the trailer (for example, utrakers or other working machines), the situation may occur even if the side skid is less than necessary from the aspect of the rolling resistance of the drive wheels and the vehicle becomes uncontrollable. This lack is solved, for example, by the additional load in front of the front axle, but the fuel consumption is increased.

The aforementioned drawbacks of the current state of affairs are removed by a vehicle with differentiated drive wheels, regulated by a steering mechanism.

The essence of the present invention is that a drive train with a twin-drive hydraulic pump is connected to the combustion engine with a toothed gear with half axles of both the right and left wheels. The control levers of the regulating pumps are the linkage and lever assemblies connected to the equilibrium mounted on the steering lever. The straight-arm lever is further connected by a hydraulic system with a main control lever lever, so that when the link is rotated, a corresponding rotation of the control levers of the hydraulic pumps occurs.

By controlling the hydraulic transducers derived from the main steering lever, it is achieved that the circumferential speed of the driving wheels corresponds to the steering wheels of the steering radius. This achieves the full utilization of the adhesion of the two drive wheels in the entire range of driving, reliable steering even in difficult terrain and lightweight steering wheels on the slope by the towing force of the trailer. steering wheels and reducing the turning radius. The hydrostatic transmission further permits transmission of the driving force without interruption of shifting and thus improves the throughput of the low-load terrain.

A schematic of a vehicle with differentiated drive wheel drive controlled from the steering mechanism is shown in the attached drawing.

A drive train 2 is connected to the drive combustion engine 1 with the control hydrogenators 3, 4, which are connected to the hydromotors 5, B. The hydraulic motors 5, 6 are geared 7, 8 connected to the drive wheels 9, 10. the bracket 12 is provided with a segment with a fine toothing and a directional forward (in the direction of travel) at a smaller radius and rearwardly at the cam. The latch 14 actuated by the lever 15 engages in the toothing of the bracket segment 12a secures The control lever 15 is limited by a hinged stop 43. On the shift lever 11, a bearing support 16 with an isosceles lever 17 is fixedly fixed, connected by pull rods 18, 19, 20, 21 to the levers 22, 23 with the control levers 24, 25 of the regulating hydro-generators 3, 4. The perpendicular position of the isosceles lever 17 on the bracket 16 is secured by a hydraulic cylinder 2B with a piston 27 and a piston 28 fixed in a rotating manner In this position of the isosceles lever 17, the piston 27 is in the middle position of the hydraulic cylinder 26. The opposite end of the shifter 11 is provided with a groove in which the rod 29 is clamped, the opposite end connected to the piston rod 30. a retained roller 31 which is slidable in the arcuate groove of the main control lever lever 32. The main steering lever 32 is a rotatable lug of a fixed pin, the center of which is identical to that of the roller 31, when the vehicle is traveling in a straight direction. Piston 30 with piston 35 is mounted in roller 33, which is rotatable by pivot pin 34. The main steering lever 32 is pivoted by turning the steering wheel 36 and screw 37 and the right and left wheels 39, 40 are swiveled by the connecting rod 38. the right space connection to any space of the hydraulic cylinder 26 and the left space (pre-tension) with the front space of the roller 26. The right and left spaces of the hydraulic roller 33 are further coupled via the wrong valves 42 with the spring make-up 41 with the 6

The control of the vehicle with the differentiated drive wheel drive controlled from the steering mechanism is carried out as follows. When starting the vehicle, the driver presses the clutches until the engine starts. This is advantageous for the starter not to rotate the gearbox with the regulating hydrogenerators 3. It is also necessary to secure the gearshift lever 11 in a neutral position, ie the latch 14 is secured in the first tooth gap of the bracket segment 12. The engine is released by the clutch and the shift lever 11 is pushed forward after pressing the lever 15 is turned forward while pressing the accelerator pedal. Swiveling the shift lever 11 pivots the levers 22, 23 and the control levers 24, 25 forward in the direction of the arrows. Upon reaching the appropriate speed, the shift lever 11 is locked in the set position by the pawl 14 after release of the lever 15a, the speed is further controlled by the accelerator pedal according to the optimum engine speed. a steering lever 32 towards the rear (a center of a fixed main control pin 32) and a hydraulic roller 33 with a rearward rotation. The movement of the bolt 31 is in the determined ratio to rotate the control levers 24, 25. In order to drive backwards, the stop 43 must be folded upwards, thereby increasing the swiveling of the lever 15, the stroke of the latch 14 and the shifter 11 can be swiveled backward. the opposite arrows and the chassis moves we-rom backwards. The speed is controlled by the swiveling lever and the accelerator pedal (engine speed). The angle of rotation of the shift lever 11 and the lever transmission of the levers 22a 23 must be selected such that at maximum rotation of the shift lever forwards and backwards, the maximum rotation of the control levers 24, 25 of the hydroelectric generators 3, 4 is achieved. by turning the steering wheel 36 in the appropriate direction. By turning the screw 37 with the right-hand step, the segments are rotated by the main steering lever 32 and the steering wheels 39, 40 rotate to the right. Swiveling the main shift lever 32 forward forwards (pulley 31 with piston30 is moved beyond the axis of rotation of the main control lever moves piston 30 with piston35 to the right and hydraulic fluid from right side of roller 33 pushes out any space (beyond the piston) 27) of the roller 26, which is moved rearwardly on the fixed piston rod 28 and rotates the steering arm of the steering arm 18, 20, 21 and the levers 22, 23, 24 in the direction of the arrows and of the regulating The hydrogenator 3 reduces the supply of liquid to the hydromotor 5, thereby reducing the speed of the right-hand wheel 9. The rod 19 and the lever 25 of the regulating pump 4 are moved forward in the direction of the arrow, thereby accelerating the rotation of the left drive wheel 10. the liquid upstream of the piston 27 is pushed through the tubes into the upstream space of the cylinder 33, so that at the same diameters of the pistons 27, 35 and pistons 28, 30 the total amount of liquid n By suitably displacing the pulley 31 in the groove of the main lever 32, adjusting the tension 29 in the irradiation lever 11, a change in the speed of the drive wheels 9, 10 is ensured corresponding to the turning radius and the travel speed. the steering wheel 36 and all subsequent movements of the steering mechanism and the actuation of the hydrogenators opposite, so that the speed of the left hand wheel 10 is reduced and the speed of the right hand wheel 9 is increased. while turning the steering wheel 36 to the right or left, the change in the speed of rotation of the right and left driving wheels 9, 10 is opposite, so that the circumferential speed of the two wheels corresponds to a turning radius. When the vehicle is idle, the shift lever 11 is in the rest position and the pulley 31 and piston 30 are in the axis of rotation of the main control lever 32, the steering wheels 39, 40 can be turned by turning the steering wheel 36 while the control levers remain 24, 25 of hydrogenerators 3, 4 in a rest position. In the event that the steering wheels already swiveled to the right when the steering wheels 39, 40 are turned, or if the steering control 32 is rotated and the sliding of the roller 31 in the inclined groove, the control levers 24a and 25 are rotating differently and the vehicle starts at a different speed driving wheels 9, 10 into the right, but the bends. Any leakage of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic system is fed from the spring make-up device 41 through the bypass valves 42. The spring make-up 41 also creates the necessary overpressure in the hydraulic system.

The described method of controlling driving wheel speeds from the steering mechanism is only one example of the application of the invention. In the design of the chassis, it is necessary to start from the sand possibilities of the positioning of the gear lever, the steering wheel etc. 1 from the requirements for the operation of the vehicle, i. The climatic conditions, the assumed terrain, etc. For these reasons, the transmission between the gear lever and the chassis control may be mechanically (written), hydraulically or by position sensors and a servo. Similarly, the transfer of the movement of the undercarriage control mechanism to the hydrogenerator control levers can be solved similarly. Hydromotors 5, 6 can drive the drive wheels with a 9, 10, or even variable transmission, but incorporated in the drive wheels.

The invention of a vehicle with differentiated drive wheel drive, controlled from the steering mechanism, can be used with

Claims (2)

Vehicle with differentiated drive wheel drive, controlled from the steering mechanism, characterized in that a transaxle (2) with two regulating pumps (3) is connected to the internal combustion engine (1), 4) and hydraulic motors (5, 6) connected by gears (7, 8) to the right-hand and left-hand wheel (9, 10) half-axle, the control levers (24, 25) of the regulating pumps (3, 4) being rods (18). , 19, 20, 21) and levers (22, 23) coupled to an isosceler lever (17) rotatably mounted centrally on the shift lever holder (16) and one end connected by a hydraulic cylinder (26) to the shift lever (11) , the hydraulic cylinder (26) being connected by a hydraulic distribution system to a hydraulic cylinder (33), the piston (35) of which is a piston rod (30) Connected to a roller (31) movable in an arc groove of the main steering lever (32) pivotable around a fixed pin whose center is identical to the axis of the roller (31), in the neutral position of the steering mechanism (32, 38). A vehicle with differentiated drive wheel drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the shift lever (11) is rotatably mounted in a bracket (12), provided at the front end with a groove for gripping a rod (29) connected to a piston rod (30) 33), wherein the shift lever (11) is locked in position by a latch (14) on the toothed segment of the bracket (12) having a smaller radius forwards from the idle position of the shift lever (11) and a larger radius towards the rear.