CS242506B1

CS242506B1 - Bolt Nut

Info

Publication number: CS242506B1
Application number: CS844711A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Lubomir Antala; Jozef Mojzis; Gustav Mariassy
Original assignee: Lubomir Antala; Jozef Mojzis; Gustav Mariassy
Priority date: 1984-06-29
Filing date: 1984-06-29
Publication date: 1986-05-15
Also published as: CS471184A1

Abstract

Predmetom vynálezu je matica pohybovej skrutky, v ktorej je lubovolne vymedzitélná vola medzi závitom pohybovej skrutky a závltom matice. Jeho' podstata spočívá v tom, že pczostáva z pevnej matice, v ktorej je uložené'mechanicky vysúvatelné puzdro, ktoré je ‘vybavené spolu s pevnou maticou spoločným středovým závitovým otvorom pre pohybová skrutku. Mechanickými prostriedkami vysávané puzdro sposobuje v nosných častiačh závitov matice a pohybovej skrutky predpátie, ktorým sa vymedzuje závitová V0’la. Predmet vynálezu je využitelný v obore obrábacích strojov, v dopravných a manipulačných zariadeniach, v pohybových 'mechanizmoch a pod.The subject of the invention is a nut for a moving screw, in which there is an arbitrarily definable clearance between the thread of the moving screw and the nut thread. Its essence lies in the fact that it consists of a fixed nut in which a mechanically extendable sleeve is placed, which is equipped together with the fixed nut with a common central threaded hole for the moving screw. The sleeve, sucked in by mechanical means, causes a prestress in the supporting parts of the threads of the nut and the moving screw, which defines the thread clearance. The subject of the invention is usable in the field of machine tools, in transport and handling devices, in moving mechanisms, etc.

Description

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Predmet vynálezu sa, týká matice pohy-bóvej skrutky s vymsdziteinou závitovouvůiou medzi závitovou častou pohybovejskrutky a matice v závitových prevcdochobrábacích strojov, ako je napr. pohon su-portov sústruhov. U mnohých mechanicky ovládaných obrá-bacích strojov sú vodiace skrutky vybavenétrapézovým, resp. plochým závitem a pří-slušné unášacie matice sú vytvořené v pře-vedení bez možnosti vymedzovania závito-vej vole, alebo s vymedzovaním, ktoré ná-sledné po vymedzení zhoršuje geometriustroja vychýlením vodiacej skrutky z osovejpolohy.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention relates to a moving screw nut having a threaded thread between a threaded portion of a movement screw and a nut in a threaded machine, such as a lathe drive. In many mechanically operated milling machines, the guide screws are equipped with a trapezoidal or anchor bolt. with a flat thread and the respective drivable nuts are formed in a transition without the possibility of defining a threaded dowel, or with a delimitation which subsequently deteriorates the geometry of the tool by deflecting the guide screw from the axial position.

Tento nedostatok je možné riešiť buď vý-měnou matice, alebo preradením stroja navykonáváme iných operácií, menej nároč-ných na přesnost ohrábania, napr. hrubova-nie, do údržbárskych dielní a pod.This drawback can be solved either by changing the nut, or by redesigning the machine to perform other operations, less demanding on the accuracy of the cutting, such as roughing, maintenance workshops, and the like.

Dosial' sú známe viaceré konštrukcie ma-tic s vymedzitelncu závitovou vůiou medzivodiacou skrutkou a maticou. Známa je ma-tica pozostávajúca z dvoch závitových častí,ktoré sú navzájom predpínané pomocoucievky elektromiagnetu.Up to now, several designs of threads with a thread-to-thread delimitation between the bolt and nut are known. Known is a metric consisting of two threaded parts which are biased with each other by means of an electro-diagnostic element.

Nevýhodou je konštrukčná zložitesť apriestorová náročnost matice, pretože napr.v závitových prevodoch sústruhu je pre u-loženie matice poměrně malý priestor a rea-lizácia elektromagnetického predpínania zá-vitových častí matice by spůsobovala znač-né problémy v usporiadaní závitového pře-vodu. Ďalej sú známe hydrostatické matice, kto-rých podstata spočívá v tom, že do rovno-mernej medzery medzi závitmi matice askrutky sa vtláča hydraulický prostriedok,ktorý vymedzuje závitovú vůlu medzi mati-cou a vodiacou skrutkou.A disadvantage is the structural complexity and spatial intensity of the nut, because, for example, in the threaded gears of the lathe, there is a relatively small space for bearing the nut and the implementation of the electromagnetic prestressing of the nut nut parts would cause considerable problems in the threaded arrangement. Furthermore, hydrostatic matrices are known which involve the introduction of a hydraulic means into a uniform gap between the threads of the nut of the nut and the screw which defines the thread clearance between the nut and the guide screw.

Je to riešenie bezoterové a s minimálnymimechanickými stratami a vodiaca skrutkav prevádzke má nízký pasivný odpor.It is a bezoterové and with minimal mechanical losses and lead screw operation has a low passive resistance.

Nevýhodou tohoto riešenia je však potře-ba hydraulického agregátu na vtláčaniehydraulického prostriedku, konštrukčná zlo-žitosť, náročnost na vysokú přesnost výrobya tiež priestorová náročnost matice. V pří-pade netěsnosti dochádza k zníženiu čistotya hygieny pracovného prostredia obsluhystroja vplyvom rozstrekovania tlakovéhoprostriedku do okolia pohybového mecha-nizmu.The disadvantage of this solution, however, is the need for a hydraulic aggregate to press in the hydraulic means, the structural complexity, the high precision of manufacture and also the space requirement of the nut. In the case of leakage, the cleanliness and hygiene of the working environment of the machine is reduced due to the spraying of the pressure medium into the surroundings of the movement mechanism.

Známe sú tiež matice s kombinovanýmmechanicko-hydraulickým vymedzovacímzávitovej vole medzi maticou a pohybovouskrutkou. Ich podstata spočívá v tom, že po-zostávajú zo základnej matice a puzdra,axiálně posuvné uloženého v matici, pričommatica a puzdro má zhodný středový závitpre pohybovú skrutku.Also known are nuts with a combined mechanical-hydraulic delimiting thread between the nut and the bolt. Their essence is that they consist of a base nut and a sleeve, axially displaceable in the nut, the sleeve and the sleeve having a coincident central thread for the movement screw.

Puzdro vytvára v matici tlakovú komoru,do ktorej zasahuje mechanicky stavitelnýpiest. Pohyb piestu vyvodzuje tlak tlakové-ho prostriedku, ktorý pQsobí na čelnú stenupuzdra a posúva ho vo vrtaní matice. Axiál- nym posuvom puzdra vzniká predpátie vzávitoch pohybovej skrutky medzi maticoua puzdrotn, ktoré vymedzuje ich závitovúvol'u.The housing forms a pressure chamber in the nut, into which a mechanically adjustable pin engages. The movement of the piston exerts pressure from the pressure means which acts on the front wall of the housing and moves it in the nut bore. The axial displacement of the sleeve results in the pre-loading of the motion bolts between the nut and the sleeve, which defines the threaded bolt.

Nevýhodou tohoto riešenia je potřeba u-tesňovania tlakovej komory a náročnost napřesnost výroby jednotlivých častí matice.The disadvantage of this solution is the need to seal the pressure chamber and the difficulty of making the individual parts of the nut.

Nevýhody súčasného stavu odstraňuje ma-tica pohybovej skrutky pódia vynálezu, kto-rej podstata spočívá v tom, že pevná maticamá středový závitový otvor ukončený za-hlbením, v ktorom je uložené válcové osa-denie puzdra, pričom v čele puzdra sú uchy-tené aspoň dve vymedzovacie skrutky, ktorésa svojim kcncom opierajú o> čelo pevnejmatice a puzdro je připevněné k pevnej ma-tici aspoň dvoma upevňovacími skrutkami,kťorých hlavy sa opierajú o čelo puzdra adriek voine prechádzajúci puzdrom je za-skrutkovaný v pevnej matici. Výhody matice pohybovej skrutky pódiavynálezu spočívajú predevšetkým v jedno-duchej konštrukcii, v priestorovej nenároč-nosti, v jednoduchosti vymedžovania závi-tovej vůle a taktiež vo využitelnosti nielenv konštrukciách nových mechanizmov, aleaj pri renovácii dosial používaných pohybo-vých mechanizmov, napr. pri opravách po-suvových zariadení suportov obrábacíchstrojov, ako sú sústruhy s mechanickým o-vládaním.The disadvantages of the present state are eliminated by the weight of the movement screw according to the invention, which consists in that the fixed nut center threaded hole is finished by a damping, in which a cylindrical housing of the bush is mounted, at least at the end of the housing. two delimiting bolts which support the bolt face and the sleeve are fixed to the fixed bolt by at least two fastening bolts, the bolts being supported on the sleeve face and extending through the sleeve in the fixed nut. The advantages of the motion screw matrix of the present invention are, above all, in simple construction, in space-saving, in simplicity of definition of the clearances, and also in usability not only in the construction of new mechanisms, but also in the renovation of previously used movement mechanisms, e.g. -machine tool slide support devices, such as lathes with mechanical control.

Predpátie vznikajúce v závitoch maticea pohybovej skrutky pri vymedzovaní volenamáha pchybovú skrutku len čistým ťa-hom, t. j. bez ohybového namáhania, čím sazvýši životnost pohybovej skrutky a zacho-vá přesnost pohybu posúvaného kompletustroja, napr. suportu sústruhu.The prestressing of the threads of the motion screw nut during delimitation freely moves the pivot bolt by only a net tension, i.e. without bending stress, thereby increasing the life of the motion screw and retaining the accuracy of the movement of the moved apparatus, e.g., a lathe support.

Na přiloženém výkrese je schematickyznázorněná matica pohybovej skrutky pó-dia vynálezu, kde na obr. 1 je celkový po-hled na maticu v nárysovej rovině a naobr. 2 je znázorněný rez maticou rovinouprechádzajúcou osami upevňovacích a vy-medzcvacích skrutiek, ako je osou středo-vého závitového otvoru matice, pričomsměr pohybu matice je rovnoběžný s režnourovinou.The accompanying drawing schematically shows a movement screw nut of the invention, in which FIG. 1 shows an overall view of the nut in the elevation plane and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the nut extending through the axes of the fastening and spacing bolts, such as the center of the central threaded hole of the nut;

Matica pohybovej skrutky pozostáva zpevnej matice 2 puzdra 3 a najmenej z dvochupevňovacích skrutiek 7 a z dvoch vyme-dzovacích skrutiek 9. Pevná matica 2! jevybavená středovým závitovým Otvorom 5pre pohybovú skrutku (nezakreslená), kto-rý je ukončený zahlbením 8.The nut of the motion screw consists of a reinforcing nut 2 of the housing 3 and at least two of the fixing bolts 7 and of the two fixing bolts 9. The fixed nut 2! it is equipped with a central threaded hole 5 for a motion screw (not shown), which is terminated by congestion 8.

Do zahíbenia 8 je vložené válcové osade-nie 6 puzdra 3 tak, že středové závitové o-tvery 5 pevnej matice 2 a puzdra 3 majúspoločnú symetrálu. V čele puzdra 3 sú u-chytené aspoň dve vymedzovacie skrutky9, ktoré sa svojim jedným koncom opierajúo čelo pevnej matice 2 a zabezpečujú, abysa čelo pevnej matice 2 a puzdra 3 vzájom-ne nedotýkalo. Puzdro 3 je k pevnej matici2 připevněné upevňovacími skrutkami 7,ktorých hlavy sa cpierajú o čelo puzdra 3 aA cylindrical housing 6 of the housing 3 is inserted into the housing 8 so that the central threaded shapes 5 of the fixed nut 2 and the housing 3 have a common symmetry. At the front of the housing 3 there are at least two demarcation bolts 9 which are supported by one end of the fixed nut 2 and ensure that the face of the fixed nut 2 and the housing 3 do not touch each other. The housing 3 is fixed to the fixed nut 2 by fastening screws 7, the heads of which are supported on the front of the housing 3 and

Claims

The fastening bolts 7 and the spacer bolts 9 are located at the front of the housing 3 of two different spacing circles having a common center identical to the center of the threaded hole 5, wherein the ratio of the pitch circle diameter is defined by of the bolts 9 to the diameter of the spacing bolts of the fastening bolts is at most 0.9. The fixed nut 2 together with the attached bushing 3 is attached to the support 1 by the clamping screws 4. In operation, the threading mandrel is defined between the movement screw and the clamping bolt 7 by tightening the fastening screws 7 with the same torque, e.g. By tightening the fastening screws 7, the sleeve face 3 is drawn along the axis of the delimiting bolts 9 to the face of the fixed nut 2, and from the axis of the delimiting screws 9 the center threaded hole 5 is the sleeve 3 emerging from the hinge 8 of the fixed nut 2. -earned lever. When defining a threaded bolt, the fixed nut 2 together with the sleeve 3 is screwed onto the motion screw. Tightening the fastening screws 7 and then retracting the sleeve 3 from the hinge 8 of the solid nut 2 results in a fixed nut 2, a sleeve 3 and a pre-tensioning screw in the threaded portions which define the threaded coil. The motion screw nut is useful in machine tools, in the machine tool, and wherever a threaded gear is used on a premenurotation movement in a straight line motion. OBJECT

A motion screw nut consisting of a fixed nut and a housing having a joint nut having a central central opening for a movement screw, further of fixing and delimiting screws, characterized in that the fixed nut (2) has a central threaded hole (5j terminated by hollowing (8) ), in which a cylindrical housing of the housing (3) is mounted, wherein at least two spacer bolts (9) are fastened at the head of the housing (3), which support their ends of the fixed nut (2) and the housing (3) ) is fixed to the fixed nut (2) by at least two fastening screws (7), the heads of which are supported on the housing (3) and the ynAleft shank loosened through the housing (3j are screwed in a fixed nut (2)).

A motion screw nut according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening and delimiting screws [7, 9] are on the pitch circles of uneven diameter having a common center identical to that of the threaded bore (5) of the fixed nut (2).

A motion screw nut according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the ratio of the pitch circle of the delimiting screws (9) to the diameter of the pitch circle of the fastening screws (7) is at most 0.9. 1 sheet of drawings