CS239758B1 - Filling stuff for cement - Google Patents

Abstract

Solution se concerns fillings sealants which consists from mineral fillers on basis Baptism # No, granite feldspar basalt or perlite, with you # hodou from quartz sand and from combined sour responding hardeners by which Yippee mixture nitrate urea and p-toluenesulfonohlori- du. Filling serves to preparation chemical Resistance # tions sealants which se I prepare mixing se synthetic resins furan advice. Main importance fillings according to of the invention it rests # vá ve improvement curing process prepared sealants thereby se reaches their perfect curing and at lower pulse # lotách and increase mechanical fortresses and chemical resistance.

Description

(54) Sealant filler

The invention relates to a filler of fillers consisting of a mineral filler based on quartz, granite, feldspar, basalt or perlite, preferably quartz sand and a combined acid-reactive hardener, which is a mixture of urea nitrate and p-toluenesulfo chloride. The filler is used to prepare chemically resistant sealants, which are prepared by mixing with synthetic resins of furan series. The main importance of the filler according to the invention lies in the improvement of the curing process of the prepared sealants, thereby achieving a better curing even at lower temperatures and increasing the mechanical strength and chemical resistance.

The invention relates to a filler of fillers consisting of acid-reactive hardeners and mineral particles based on quartz, granite, feldspar, basalt or perlite, most preferably ground quartz or quartz sands.

Loose fillers are used to prepare and cure chemically resistant sealants based on phenolic and furan synthetic resins. They consist of a mineral filler and an acid-reactive hardener. The filler is a mineral particle such as quartz, granite, feldspar, slate, perlite, most preferably quartz because of its high acid resistance.

The granularity of the filler is chosen according to the desired purpose of application (laying and jointing sealants, flooring, spray sealants). As an acid-reactive hardener, phenol resins are best suited for p-toluenesulfochloride, which is slowly hydrolyzed and releases hydrogen chloride by the action of the water present in the phenolic resins.

This released hydrogen chloride then allows self-curing. However, p-toluenesulfochloride itself is not suitable for furfuryl alcohol or furanaldol resins which do not contain water and therefore do not cause hydrolysis of p-toluenesulfochloride.

The curing of these types of sealants with p-toluenesulfochloride did not therefore prove (low strength of the hardened sealant, unbearable long setting time, which considerably prolongs and increases the assembly work, impaired chemical resistance, etc.).

Therefore, urea nitrate, which exhibits more favorable properties, is used to cure furfuryl alcohol and furanaldol sealants. However, since 100% urea nitrate is classified as explosive, it is added as a concentrate containing 25 ± 2% urea nitrate in the manufacture of a filler in the form of a mixture with fine sands or flours.

The disadvantage of this urea nitrate curing system is the considerable dependence of the curing process on the quality of the materials to be treated, in particular the ratio of urea to nitric acid in the nitrate produced. and

In practice, the industrially produced 25% urea nitrate concentrate contains a certain proportion of unreacted urea, the presence of which in the curing filler slows the curing process.

In some cases, the negative effect of the presence of free urea is so great that complete curing of the sealant is completely impossible. Another factor hampering the curing of the sealant, especially with a binder based on furfuryl alcohol resin, is the content of chemical impurities in the processed inert materials.

For example, the presence of trace amounts of metallic iron in quartz flours has been shown to be negative. These negative effects are intensive especially when processing the sealant at temperatures below 20 ° C.

The consequence is a considerable slowing down to the impossibility of performing insulation work and a deterioration of the mechanical properties and chemical resistance of the cured sealants. In order to partially overcome these negative phenomena, it is often necessary to heat the rooms where insulation work is carried out to a higher temperature, which is very energy-intensive.

Other types of hardeners for phenol-formaldehyde and furan resins, eg phenolsulfonic acid, ethylbenzenesulfonic acid, amidosulfonic acid etc. have been tested in Czechoslovakia. short-term workability or too long curing time of the respective sealant, unsuitable consistency for processing in the filler fox, short shelf life, unsuitability in terms of safety and hygiene of work, etc./ for which it was not operationally usable.

Abroad are for. In particular, sulfonated aromatic series acids, e.g., mono- and di-derivatives of naphthalenesulfonic acid, are used in the curing of said sealants. The above-mentioned drawbacks are overcome by the filler according to the invention, which is based on a new type of hardener consisting of a mixture of urea nitrate and p-toluenesulfochloride.

The present invention relates to fillers comprising a mineral filler based on quartz, granite, feldspar, basalt or perlite, preferably ground quartz or quartz sand and a combined hardener consisting of a mixture of urea nitrate and p-toluenesulfochloride.

The filler is prepared by mixing 1.5 to 10 parts by weight of urea nitrate and 0.2 to 10 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfochloride with 80 to 98.3 parts by weight of inert filler. The granularity of the inert fillers is controlled by the use of the sealant, particles of up to 1 mm in size and spraying of up to 3 mm are most suitable for laying and jointing.

The curing rate of the resulting sealant can be influenced by the ratio of the two acid reacting components in the hardener. Chemically resistant sealants are prepared from the filler produced according to the invention at a workplace where chemical insulation is carried out.

E.g. homogenously mixing 1 part by weight of resin binder / e.g. Furfuryl alcohol resins with a viscosity of 80 to 150 seconds, measured by a discharge cup with an opening of 4 mm diameter at 20 ° C according to ČSN 673013 / s with 2 to 5 parts by weight hardening filler with grain size corresponding to the intended use.

At a temperature of 20-2 ° C the workability of this sealant is 1 to 2 hours, after 24 hours the sealant is hardened. When working at a lower temperature, the curing time is proportionally extended. The lowest processing temperature of the sealant is 12 ° C.

The filler according to the invention has several advantages over the fillers used hitherto:

Improvement of the curing process. The effect is in particular that the combination of hardeners causes faster and better crosslinking of the resin molecules, which significantly affects the resulting properties of the sealant.

Practically, the negative influence of stoichiometric excess of free urea in hardener and trace impurities in processed mineral raw materials is eliminated. Curing at temperatures below 20 ° C will also improve.

Increasing the mechanical strengths of the filler cured according to the invention. The tensile and compressive strengths are two to three times higher than the guaranteed strength of the sealant cured by the curing fillers used hitherto. This will increase the mechanical damage resistance of the insulation provided by this sealant.

Improved resin cross-linking results in increased chemical resistance of the cured sealant.

By introducing a new type of filler with partial replacement of urea nitrate with p-toluenesulfocloride, savings of deficient nitrate are achieved and thus the material costs of the filler production are reduced.

The use of the combined hardener in the manufacture of the filler allows the fill composition to be adjusted, thereby increasing the fill ratio between the filler and the resin. Up to 20% reduction in resin consumption per m is achieved while maintaining the resulting physical-mechanical properties of the sealant. This will save foreign exchange on the import of basic raw materials for the production of resins.

The following examples illustrate embodiments of the invention.

He did

13.5 parts by weight are mixed. 25% urea nitrate concentrate, 1.5 parts by weight. p-toluenesulfochloride, 45 parts by weight. quartz sand of grain size up to 1 mm and 40 parts by weight. quartz flour.

Example 2

6.5 parts by weight are mixed. 25% urea nitrate concentrate, 2.0 parts by weight. p-toluenesulfochloride, 46.5 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfochloride; quartz sand of grain size up to 0.8 mm and 45 parts by weight. quartz flour.

Example 3

9.0 parts by weight are mixed. 25% urea nitrate concentrate, 2.0 parts by weight. p-toluenesulfochloride, 80 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfochloride; quartz sand of grain size up to 3 mm and 9.0 parts by weight. quartz flour.

The fillers of Examples 1 to 3 are used to produce chemically resistant fillers. In this way, 3.0 to 3.5 parts by weight of the filler are homogeneously mixed with, for example, 1 part by weight of a furfuryl alcohol resin having a viscosity of 80 to 150 seconds, as measured by a 4 mm orifice cup at 20 ° C.

The sealant obtained is workable for 70 to 80 minutes and is cured within 24 hours. After 28 days of maturation at 20 - 2 ° C the sealant has an average compressive strength of 70 MPa and a tensile strength of 7.8 MPa.

Claims (1)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION Sealant filler consisting of a mineral filler, in particular based on quartz, granite, feldspar, basalt or perlite, preferably of quartz sand and hardeners, characterized in that it contains 0.2 to 10 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfochloride, 1.5 to 10 parts parts by weight of urea nitrate and 80.0 to 98.3 parts by weight of mineral filler.