CS219869B2 - Travelling machine for the track construction mainly the scraper bed cleaner - Google Patents

Abstract

1520796 Railway ballast maintenance machines FRANZ PLASSER BAHNBAUMASCHINEN-INDUSTRIE GmbH 31 Oct 1975 [10 Jan 1975] 45535/75 Heading E1G A mobile ballast maintenance machine has at least one endless excavator chain 4 which is guided transversely beneath the track 3 by a guide slidable on the track formation, which comprises at least two parts 14 adjustable relative to each other to enable the excavating width to be varied and a conveyor 23 for redistributing the ballast and which is movable transversely over the entire excavating width. The width of the chain can be increased by the addition of nine parts 14 into the chain guide cross member 7. The vertical and horizontal positions of the excavator 7 and the horizontal position of the conveyor 23 are controlled by hydraulic cylinders 16, (17), 25. The machine has three screens 10 and has deflector plates 40, 48, Fig. 5 to control the distribution of ballast /sand to the divided conveyor belts 23, 26. Waste material is carried away on another conveyor belt 13. For Figures see next column

Description

(54) Mobile track construction machine, especially gravel bed cleaner

Mobile track construction machine for taking, splitting and re - feeding from. separate gravel bed masses, in particular in the area of switches, provided with an endless rail running under the track grate, the guide rail of which is arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rail and is formed of at least two adjustable or lockable parts. The cutting chain is connected to a supporting device, movable or sliding on a plain or on a branch rail.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a mobile track construction machine, in particular a gravel bed cleaner in the region of rail branches and switches, which is intended for collecting, separating and re-introducing separate gravel bed masses such as cleaned or separated gravel. it is provided with at least one endless, movable cutting chain and distribution device, which is displaceable across the rail of the rail, and possibly a return feed device of these gravel bed masses.

Known machines of this kind have an endless scoring chain for the collection and vertical conveying of ballast bed masses, such as contaminated or sand-mixed gravel, to the screening device which is guided in two longitudinal guide rails of the scoring chain and one transverse. a guide bar arranged under the rail grate. Dirt or sand is separated from the separator on the separator, the dirt being deposited by a belt conveyor along the rail or loaded onto a wagon and cleaned gravel, or possibly the sand is fed back to the collection area of the chain by an endless belt conveyor and discarded there.

These track construction machines, or gravel bed cleaners, whose chain guide is inside the track's track during the course of the work and during the adjusting operation, have proven to be very useful when working on the track. However, in machines with large track widths, such as over-long sleepers or branching areas such as switches, junctions and the like, these machines cannot work because the required digging width significantly exceeds the normal track width on the track and is not possible due to the design collect gravel under such parts of the track or transport it upwards,

Also known is a machine that allows the machine to treat gravel in areas of track with a wide width. This machine has a balcony beam designed parallel to the plane of the track and a swiveling scraper conveyor under which the ballast is excavated under the sleepers and laid laterally next to the track in the bed edge area or in front of the sleepers head. However, it is not possible to guide this scraper conveyor over a relatively wide track area, since the scraper conveyor is supported only on a laterally free projecting arm and would therefore be impermissibly loaded. Therefore, especially when digging gravel under switches, it is necessary to dig gravel first under one track branch and only then in a second working operation under the other track branch, for example under a branch line. In addition, when using this machine, a special device is required for removing and vertically conveying the excavated, gravel bed to be deposited in the region of the bed of deposited gravel.

German Patent Application No. 2,322,518 discloses a proposal which seeks to eliminate the need to use two separate devices for digging and vertically conveying bed ballast in the region of switches. The present invention relates to a mobile purifier with an endless furrow chain whose engagement width can be increased or reduced by changing the angular position of the transverse forming guide bars of the chain. Since the length of the chain guide rails remains unchanged during the work on the switch or the like, i.e. irrespective of the immediately desired draw-off width, additional support and guide devices must be provided for the chain. However, this makes the machine relatively complicated in its construction and, in addition, requires high chain drive power.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a machine of the kind mentioned at the outset which can be operated both on the track and in rail switches and the like, and which allows relatively easy and quick fitting of the chain width. collecting, separating, reintroducing and possibly cleaning the bed masses in said track devices. Outside . this pursues the invention and the object that such a machine can be made even by using the components of those machines which are already in use.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to change the engagement width in any way, a guide rail of an endlessly guided chain is provided transversely to the longitudinal direction of the track and is formed of at least two mutually adjustable and lockable parts in the longitudinal direction of the chain. , movable or sliding on a plain or on a branch track.

The solution according to the invention makes it possible at any time to perfectly adapt the guide length of the cutting chain, in particular in the region below the track and the splitter, due to the changing engagement widths during gravel removal, for example in turnouts. to achieve a reliable height guide and to support the tilting moments or eccentric forces generated by the use of the supporting devices. By varying the length of the chain guide rails and possibly of the cutting chain itself, the drive power for the chain can be adapted to the instantaneous requirements and, in addition, the speed of the cutting chain can be adapted to the instantaneous cutting width. This arrangement allows high labor productivity, even when picking up and transporting or cleaning gravel in difficult track areas, ensuring economical use of the machine. A further advantage is that the machine can also be used on adjacent normal track sections or the like after work in the above-mentioned track areas, i.e. at switches or crossings, without much effort and without major modifications, so that the combination of features of the invention is achieved for the first time universal machine, which allows to machine any track, ie both rail turnouts and track on the track.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the support device is connected, in particular articulated, to a descent trough for abutment to change the circumferential length of the formed cutting chain or chain guide, endlessly in the polygon of the driven cutting chain, on the plain or on the branch rail.

In this way, even at large lateral deviations of the downcomer, which are required at large engagement widths, precise height guidance of the cross guide of the cutting chain is possible.

Finally, according to a further feature of the invention, for separating or distributing a gravel / sand mixture, one outlet of one trough connected to one mesh surface may result in one half of the conveyor belt and the other outlet of the other trough connected to another mesh surface provided with a cover. partition separated by half of the conveyor belt. This measure is very simple and allows the mass of the bed to be divided or distributed in large quantities so that even difficult sections of the track can be processed with relatively high power.

The invention is explained in more detail below in an exemplary embodiment in conjunction with the drawing, in which a gravel bed purifier is shown, and still further advantages are disclosed.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal view of a ballast cleaner which is intended for collecting, distributing and reloading ballast masses according to the invention and is particularly suitable for working in turnouts and the like. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the machine of FIG. Fig. 3 is a front view of the machine. FIG. 4 is a larger-scale view of the modified embodiment of FIG. 1 of the support chain for the descending guide trough of the cutting chain shown in FIG. FIGS. 5 and 6 show a front view of the manifold associated with the distributor and the return feeder, respectively in plan view along line V-V of FIG. 6.

The mobile track construction machine for collecting, distributing and reloading the bed mass shown in Fig. 1 is designed as a gravel bed cleaner that can be used both for track crossings and for track rails, with which gravel can be simultaneously cleaned . The machine has a bottom frame 1 which is supported or guided on the rails of the track 3 by means of the bogies 2. A digging chain 4, which is guided in the descending guide trough 5, in the longitudinal guide bar 6 and in The contaminated gravel is ejected onto the sorter 9 in the region of the drive 8 of the furrow chain 4. The sorter 9 has three superimposed sieve surfaces 10 on which the gravel separates from dirt or sand etc. while being cleaned. The gravel falls over the distributor 11 onto the return feeder 12. However, the debris separated from the gravel falls onto the conveyor belt 13, which either stores it along the track 3 or loads it on a wagon.

As best seen in the plan view of FIG. 2, the transverse guide rail 7 is formed by a plurality of portions 14 of the transverse guide rail 7 so that gravel can be simultaneously removed under track 13 and under branch track 15 and fed to the sorter 9.

For pivoting the downward guide trough 5 to the side and upward, hydraulic piston cylinders 16, 17 are provided, and for the pivoting of the longitudinal guide bar 6 of the piston hydraulic cylinder 18, 19. The piston-type hydraulic cylinders 16 and 18 are intended, in particular, during the assembly of the other parts 14 of the transverse guide rail 7 to adjust or move the down guide rail 5 and the longitudinal guide rail 6 transversely to each other along the longitudinal direction of the rail. the part 14 of the transverse guide rail 7 is to move or adjust towards each other. The guide rail parts 14 are always inserted in the direction of the downward guide trough 5, so that when viewed in the working direction, the guide rail 7 extends in the right-hand direction, thereby allowing the bed material to be raided under the branch rail 15. at both ends thereof, provided with mirrored guide pieces arranged in the direction of each other, so that they can optionally be arranged in series and connected by candlesticks such as specially formed wedges or the like. The wedges can be designed in such a way that they can, on the one hand, allow holding the interconnected parts 14 of the transverse guide rail 7 and, on the other hand, absorb the resulting bending stresses. The connection of the individual parts 14 of the transverse guide rail 7 makes it possible to mount these parts 14 in the working direction, so that it can be carried out even in very cramped conditions. In order to achieve a perfect connection of the cross guide rail parts 14 with the down guide rail 5 and the longitudinal guide rail 6, the ends of these down guide rail parts 5 and the longitudinal guide rails 6 have the same corresponding guide pieces as the cross guide rail parts 14

7.

For tensioning after assembly, or for releasing the cutting chain 4 prior to the assembly of the other part 14 of the cross guide 7, the down guide trough 5 is formed of two parts, both of which are movable relative to each other by a drive in the longitudinal direction of the cutting chain 4. For the height guidance of the downward guide trough 5 of the cutter chain 4, a sliding or rolling support device 22 is provided, which is articulated to the downward guide trough 5, in particular when the bed material is removed.

As can be seen from Figure 2, the return conveyor 12 formed by the belt conveyor 23 for filling the branch line 15 is also very pivotable. In order to accommodate the relatively large eccentric forces that occur when the belt conveyor 23 is deflected, the return device 12 can also be secured by a support device 24. The support device 24 can either rest on a branch rail 15 or, as in the support device 22 , on Plain 21.

2, the belt conveyor 23 can be pivoted from a solid line to a dot-and-dot position by means of a hydraulic cylinder 25 with a piston. A conveyor belt 26 is associated with the outlet of the distribution device 11, whose hydraulic working cylinder with piston, designed as a drive, is not shown in FIG. 2 for the sake of clarity. In order to control and control the machine and in particular the height and lateral adjustment of the cutting chain 4 as well as the belt conveyors 23 and 26, the hydraulic cylinders 16, 17, 18, 19 are pistons and drives for the height adjustment of the support devices 22 and 24. are connected to the control panel or to the control and control device 27 in the cab of the pressurized medium by means of control lines and pipes of the pressurized environment. The deflection of the individual hydraulic cylinders 16, 17, 18, 19 with the pistons is clearly seen in FIG. 3, which shows a view of the machine in the working direction and in which the rear cab and the sorter are not shown.

Fig. 4 schematically illustrates a possible belt conveyor 23 which provides a sand-gravel mixture with a sand layer between the plain and the gravel bed, with a gravel-sand mixture being removed by the cutting chain 4 and separating the sand and gravel on the screen. The end of the belt conveyor 23 is provided with a guide plate 28 which in the working direction limits the ejector distance of the gravel, so that the gravel is ejected onto the sand after the sand has been deposited. layer. Furthermore, it is in this representation compared to o-br. 1 and 2, a support device 22 is shown differently, which in this case is designed as a support device 29 for the downward guide channel 5. In addition, the support device 24 for the conveyor belt 23 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be seen on a larger scale. the downcomer guide trough 5 is a rail-shaped beam 30 which is articulated by means of a guide rod and a hydraulic cylinder 31 with a piston and height adjustable on the downcomer guide trough 5. In addition, a vibrating device is arranged on the beam 30. ensures compaction of the sand layer. In addition, it can be used to vibrate the downward guide trough 5 and thus the entire furrow chain 4, thereby possibly releasing the ballast bed both below the track 3 and the branch line 15, so that the relatively low power of the furrow chain 4 can be sufficient its elongation, that is to say at large engagement widths.

The support device 24 for the conveyor belt 23, shown in a simplified manner in FIGS. 1 and 2, is formed by a guide 32 which is supported by the wheeled wheels on the rails of the branch rail 15 or is guided here by means of a height guide. On this guide 32, two adjusting drives 34 are supported by means of two rollers 33 on both sides, which are guided by their other ends via rollers in the longitudinal guide 35 of the conveyor belt 23. These adjusting drives 34 can be used to adjust the conveyor belt 23 in height. In order to absorb large eccentric forces or tilting moments in the deflected position of the belt conveyor 23 shown in FIG. 2 by means of the chassis frame 1, the guide 32 is connected in its end region facing the rail 3. via a support roller 36 with a machine chassis frame 1. The arrangement of the pulleys 33 with a double-sided collar and the longitudinal separation 35 does not limit the swiveling of the belt conveyor 23.

However, it is also possible not to form the guide 32 and to adapt the supporting device 37 (see FIG. 2) in a correspondingly designed manner or to combine it with the supporting device.

With the separate gravel and sand deposit of FIG. 4, the belt conveyor 23 is provided with an additional central partition 38 so that sand and gravel can be conveyed by the same belt conveyor 23, but separately from each other from the screen area 10 to the drop point.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show an embodiment of a sorter 9 and a distribution device 11 arranged thereafter. The sorter 9 is resiliently supported by helical springs and crossbars on the chassis frame 1. It can be swiveled around the central axis of the machine and around its longitudinal axis using the oscillating drive. By means of hydraulic motors, the sorter 9 can be set to vibrate when it is unbalanced. It is also possible to adjust the sorter 9 by means of the pivoting actuators, especially in curves with a camber, in the horizontal plane, or in special cases it can be adjusted parallel to the chassis frame 1. Downstream of the sorter 9 are two belt conveyors 23, 26 and a belt conveyor 13 of the return feed device 12, which are again used to feed the gravel or sand into the ballast bed and to remove dirt.

The belt conveyors 23 and 26 are provided with a central partition 38 (see FIG. 4).

The distribution device 11 has a coarse material shaft 39 and a gravel baffle element 40 which are associated with the uppermost screen surface 10. The ballast baffle element 40 is connected to a pivot drive 41, for example a hydraulic cylinder and a piston. On both sides of the shaft 39 are provided two guide elements - 42 mutually separated troughs, the outlets of which are arranged to deposit material on the central partition 38 separated by half of the belt conveyors 23 and 26 (see Fig. 5j).

The vertical portion 44 of the guiding element 42 is pivotable transversely to the longitudinal axis of the machine by the adjusting drive 43, which allows to control the amount of gravel mass that is fed to the individual halves of the belt conveyors 23, 26 as shown in dashed lines in FIG. 18 and between the troughs 42 separated by troughs are arranged sieve surfaces 10 extending, triangular, oblique to the longitudinal axis of the track 3 or arranged therefrom, and the chutes 45 formed by metal plates or rubber plates 45. The edges of these chutes 45 are arranged as This can be seen from the right half of FIG. 6, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis around the vertical bearing 46 of the pivotable conveyor belts 23 and 26, respectively, when they are in their maximum pivoted position.

In the area of the outlets by the guide elements 42 of the separate troughs - the guide elements 47 are arranged so that the belt conveyors 23, 26 'can be filled perfectly, for example with separate material for both halves, both in their parallel to the machine direction. their maximum deflection position. In addition, two gravel baffle elements 48 are associated with the two lower screen surfaces 10, each of which is connected to a common pivot drive 49.

Next, the operation of the ballast cleaner shown in the embodiment of the illustrated ballast bed during removal, distribution and reintroduction while simultaneously cleaning the ballast bed in the region of the switch is described on the basis of FIGS. 1 and 2.

When working on the turnout from the narrow side of the turnout (see Fig. 2), the length of the sleepers increases steadily, and the transverse guide 7 needs to be extended continuously to continue working. of the downcomer guide 5 from the cross guide 50, or from the last insert 14 of the cross guide 7, and pivots to the right by means of the side hydraulic cylinder 16 -with the piston according to FIGS. 2 or 3, then brought to the cutting chain 4 from the rear. that is, in the working direction, another part 14 of the cross guide 7, so that there is no need to separate the furrow chain 4 in this region and is connected to the cross guide 50 or the down guide trough 5. At the same time the length of the cutting chain 4 between the descending conductor also increases m chute 5 and a longitudinal guide rail 6 by inserting a portion of the chain drive 20 in a guide trough -sestupného fifth

The length of the guide rail 7 increases in steps during operation, as long as the distance between the facing ends of the sleepers is not about 50 to 70 cm, after which each track 3 starts to be processed separately. For this maximum engagement width, approximately eight to nine portions 14 of the transverse guide rail 7 need to be mounted, and the width of the engagement width is assumed to be six to seven meters. As a result, both the very flexible adaptation of the length of the transverse guide 7 to the local conditions and the easy handling of the parts 14 of the transverse guide 7 which are neither too long nor too heavy are achieved.

The gravel conveyed by the cutting chain 4 is then dropped onto the sorter 9 in the region of the driving chain 8 of the cutting chain 4. During the cleaning of the ballast bed, the gravel is separated from dirt or coarse grains on vibrating force surfaces 10. The impurities fall through the sieve surfaces 10 onto the conveyor belt 13 which ejects them, for example alongside the track 3. If coarse grains are also to be separated, two deflection plates 51 (see FIG. 6) are provided on the top sieve surface 10 (see FIG. 6). they feed the coarse grains to the coarse-grain material well 39.

In order to be able to feed the cleaned gravel from the two lower sieve surfaces 10 in a satisfactory amount according to the instantaneous digging width, to the conveyor belt 23 and to the branch rail 15, so that a normalized bed profile can be formed in this operation. gravel baffle elements 48 are assigned to the two lower screen surfaces 10. These can be further pivoted counterclockwise according to the number of built-in parts 14 of the cross rail 7 (see FIG. 6), so that approximately two thirds of the total amount of cleaned gravel can be fed either to the conveyor belt 23 or belt conveyor 26.

Further control of the amount of ballast in the distribution device 11 can also be effected by a part 44 pivotally connected to the adjusting drive 43. A pivotable belt conveyor 23 is then used to distribute the ballast in the region of the branching track. rails 45 which allow the position of the gutters and the amount of gravel to be adjusted to the desired pivot positions. In addition, the pivoting movement of the belt conveyor 23 transversely to the longitudinal direction of the track can be adjusted to the length of the guide rail 7, so that even at maximum engagement width, sufficient gravel can be applied to the sides of the bed.

As can be seen from the foregoing, both the descending guide trough 5 and the belt conveyor 23 project relatively far beyond the maximum digging width. In order to achieve sufficient stability of the machine as well as a reliable working position, even with a small gravel bed cleaner weight, due to the occurring damping moments, support means 22, 24 and 29 are also provided. In particular, the support means 22 and 29 4 and more uniform depth of collection so as to avoid damaging the plain 21. This further reduces the cleaning time of the track 3 and improves the quality of the cleaning. In addition to the transverse to the longitudinal direction of the track 3 with the swiveling belt conveyors 23 or 26, the cleaned gravel can also be ejected directly into the track 3 by two perpendicular to the plane of the track 3. Each slide channel guide element 42 is associated with one such slide valve which can be height-adjusted by its own drive, as shown in dashed lines in the first part of Figure 5.

Furthermore, it should be noted that by the described machine it is possible to process switches not only from their narrow side, as mentioned, but also from the opposite direction, thus also from the wide side. Thus it is possible to remove the bed material even under junctions and the like. In such a variety of work situations, especially when used in the area of intersections, it is possible to work continuously with maximum working width if local conditions allow. Of course, it is equally possible to gradually or simultaneously remove or install a plurality of portions 14 of the transverse guide bar 7. In such a case, the necessary extension of the cutting chain 4 can be ensured either by inserting pieces of chain or by providing a tensioning device with sufficiently long tensioning length. For example, the tensioning length or the adjusting length of the drive 20 can be so large that eight to nine parts 14 of the transverse guide rail 7 can be installed without mounting additional chain parts.

If the described machine is used not for cleaning the ballast bed, but for placing the topsheet between the skirt 21 and the ballast bed, the deflection plates 51 are removed from the uppermost screen surface 10 and the borehole 39 for the coarse grain material is closed with a bell cover 52. the uppermost screen surface 10 of a small mesh size screen, and a rubber mat 53 on the center screen 10, shown in dotted lines in FIG. As a result, gravel remains on the uppermost screen area 19 and sand on the middle screen area 10. By providing additional guide plates 54 in the region of the middle screen surface 10, gravel from the uppermost screen surface 10 falls into one guide element 42 of the separate trough and sand into the other trough as shown by the dashed arrows in Fig. 5. each of the central baffles 38 separated by half of the conveyor belt 23 and 26 only sand or gravel.

In order to allow perfect filling of the bed profile with cleaned gravel, it is advantageous in this case to fill the spaces between the sleepers by using sliders in the rear wall of the screen, which are assigned to the two mutually facing channels. The sand and gravel conveyed by the belt conveyors 23, 26 at the same time, but separately conveyed by the guide plate 28 (see FIG. 4), are fed separately to the area of the support device 29. Due to the large swiveling possibility of the belt conveyors 23, 26 sand below the branch line 15. Gravel baffles 40 and 48 are used to control the amount of gravel or sand fed to the individual belt conveyors 23, 26.

In order to control the feed of the cleaned ballast bed and its distribution to the two belt conveyors 23, 26 already in the area of the sorter 9, the sieves can be tilted in the direction of the branching rail 15 via a swiveling drive. 8 of the brake chain 4 by means of a slide which can be adjusted in the longitudinal direction. Once the slider has moved in the direction of the cross rail 7, all the material that has been removed from the bed can be fed to the conveyor belt 13. When the slider is moved in the opposite direction, the bed material travels through the cutting chain 4 for longer. machine direction. This movement of the ballast can be supported by an additionally arranged, inclined to the longitudinal axis of the machine and a pivotable guide plate (see FIG. 1), so that the bed material gets to a greater extent on the side of the sorter 9 facing the branch line 15.

When working on switches when the machine is not moving on the base track 3 but on the branch line 15, it may be desirable to associate a support guide 22 or 29, a longitudinal guide 6 and support 24 with a belt conveyor 26. However, it is preferred the guide rail 7 in the direction of the downward guide trough 5, since there is no gravel transported and therefore the tilting moment acting on the machine is considerably less.

Finally, it should be pointed out that the machine shown in the exemplary embodiment, or the formation of troughs, control devices, or belt conveyors and their drives, can be varied in various ways. Thus, for example, advantageously it is possible

Claims (3)

SUBJECT 1. Mobile track construction machine, in particular a gravel bed cleaner in the area of rail branches and switches, which is intended for collecting, splitting and reintroducing separated ballast bed masses, such as cleaned or separated gravel from dirt or sand, and which is: provided with at least one endless, movable cutting chain and distribution device under the track grate and / or a return feed device of these gravel bed masses, characterized in that a transverse guide bar (7) is provided transversely to the longitudinal direction of the track (3) an endlessly guided chain (4) formed of at least two mutually adjustable and lockable parts [14] in the longitudinal direction of the chain (4), the chain (4) being connected to a support device [22], movable or slidable on the plain (21) ) or after eye track (15). Replace hydraulic cylinders with a hoist, rigid screw arrangement and movable nut or the like. YNA LEZU Mobile machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the support device (22) is connected, in particular articulated, to a down-trough (5) for supporting a change in the circumferential length of the formed cutting chain (4) or the chain guide, infinitely a polygon-guided cutting chain (4), on a plain (21) or on a branch line (15). Mobile machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, for separating or distributing the gravel-sand mixture, one outlet of one trough connected to one screen surface (10) results in one half of the conveyor belt (23, 26) and the other outlet. a second trough connected to another screen surface (10) provided with a cover (53) to a second half-partition (38) separated by a half (belt conveyor (23,26)).