CS215872B1 - Agent for regulating the nutrient absorption by plants - Google Patents

Description

(54) Means to control plant nutrient uptake

The invention relates to a means for controlling nutrient uptake by plants.

In the overburden of brown coal, seams often occur young earthy coal, popularly called capuchin, according to professional terminology known as oxyhumolite. The most prominent sites of the Capuchin are in northern Bohemia.

Capuchins have a low calorific value and are therefore of little importance in terms of energy. However, they excel in a high content of humic substances, especially humic acids. These substances, which make up up to 70% dry matter in high-quality capuchins, excel in their strong coloring ability.

Capuchins are mostly seen as waste. Only the highest quality ‘of these materials (with high humic acid content) are used as raw material for the production of dyes and mordants.

The technology of the mordant production consists in the boiling of the cappuccino with an excess of caustic soda. By the action of caustic and boiling, the humic acids of the cappuccin dissolve and convert to the sodium salt. The extract obtained is a suspension with a high dry matter content (40 to 50%). After the insoluble residue has settled in the sedimentation tanks, the suspension is sprayed under pressure into a tumble dryer, where it is dried to form characteristic scales, the scales are perfectly water soluble and are used as a nut stain for wood and other materials.

In recent years, it has been found that humite can also be used as a plasticizer in a humidifier

215 872 boreholes.

Of course, humus substances are of particular importance in agriculture, especially for achieving and maintaining high soil fertility. Capuchins have been used in agriculture and are still used in untreated form or by composting. Another way of using capuchins in agriculture is to prepare humus or organomineral fertilizers, which are prepared by ammonia starting material and mixing with some mineral nutrients.

In recent years, some research has shown the possibility of using variously prepared humus preparations from peat and other raw materials to stimulate plant growth.

The use of the humitants of the present invention, which is based on the use of nut wood mordant prepared by boiling oxyhumolite with an alkaline lye, as a means of regulating the nutrient pumping by plants, appears to be more advantageous.

This use results from the finding that the preparation, originally made as a nut stain, contains active water-soluble salts of humic acids, forming a colloidal surface to which mineral nutrient ions can be sorbed from the soil solution. The consequence of this newly discovered property of this preparation is the possibility of regulating the pumping of nutrients from the soil solution and the uptake of nutrients by plants and thus affecting the yields of agricultural crops in the positive sense.

The progress achieved with the present invention is manifested by an increase in the production of the plants treated with the preparation. The plant nutrients supplied in industrial fertilizers will be more and more utilized by the plants in the presence of the preparation, thereby significantly increasing the agrochemical and economic efficiency of fertilization.

According to experimentally determined data, the gross production per hectare will be increased by at least 500 crowns due to the preparation. One million hectares of arable land can be treated with every 1,000 tons of product. The increase in gross crop production when applied to this area is estimated at CZK 500 million.

The method of application is very simple. Because of its complete solubility in water, it is possible to apply the formulation by spraying agricultural crops with conventional sprayers when dissolved in the usual amount of water. If higher doses are used, spreading or spraying by ground machinery or by air may also be used. The preparation can be added to irrigation or watering water, mixed in various ways with industrial fertilizers, used in horticultural substrates and seed coatings.

The use of the preparation in agriculture is very wide. The most important application will be in field production, but the preparation can be used well in special crops, in horticulture and in small gardening.

The possibilities of use of the preparation are documented in several cases, which, however, do not limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Examples

Example 1

In a precise potato trial, it was fertilized with ammonium sulfate, superphosphate and potassium salt in a total amount of 180 kg of NPK / ha pure nutrients. On a comparable plot, in addition to the same dose of mineral fertilizers, 10 kg of the preparation was sprayed in 500 liters of water / ha. The yield on the plot where the preparation was applied was increased from 214 to 226 q / ha, ie 5.6%.

Example 2

In a precise experiment with corn, it was fertilized with ammonium nitrate, sulphosphate and potassium and salt in a total amount of 214 kg of NPK / ha. On a comparable plot of land, in addition to the same dose of mineral fertilizers, a spray application of 1 kg / 500 l of water / ha was applied. The yield on the plot where the preparation was applied was increased from 520 to 612 q green matter compared to mineral fertilization alone, ie by 17.7%.

Example 3

Fodder beet was fertilized with a dose of 360 kg NPK / ha. By applying 1 kg of the preparation in 500 l of water, the yield of the bushes increased to 413 q / ha from the original 360 q / ha, ie by 14.7%. The yield of the nettle increased from 80 to 109 q / ha.

In all cases, the preparation of the invention was applied by separate spraying.

Claims (1)

OBJECT OF INVENTION. ZU Use of walnut wood stain, prepared by boiling oxyhumolite with alkaline lye, as a means to control nutrient pumping by plants.