CS207347B2 - Method of making the fibres from the drawable material and device for executing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

1523823 Making glass fibres SAINT-GOBAIN INDUSTRIES 2 Feb 1976 [21 Feb 1975] 03946/76 Heading C1M Glass fibres are made by generating a main gaseous blast 12A and an intersecting secondary gaseous jet (from 36) transversely of blast 12A, the jet having a smaller cross-sectional area and greater kinetic energy per unit of volume than the blast so that the jet and blast form a zone of interaction; delivering molten glass (from aperture 37) to said zone for attenuation; and contacting the resultant flow with an additional gaseous current (from 216). The additional current prevents fibres adhering to plate 209.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing fibers from a stretchable material, in particular a thermoplastic material, in which a main gas stream and at least one secondary gas stream are produced whose cross-section is smaller than the cross-section of the main gas stream. penetrating into the main gas stream, and directing the secondary gas stream perpendicular to the main gas stream, a co-zone is formed, the heat-softened prestretch material is fed to the co-zone of the secondary gas and main gas stream, and the material is then introduced into the co-zone.

The invention further relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method as defined above, having a main gas generator having a main gas outlet conduit, at least one secondary gas generator having at least one outlet nozzle having a cross section smaller than that of the main gas outlet conduit. wherein the outlet for the secondary gas stream is directed perpendicularly to the direction of the main gas outlet pipe and their axes intersect, a container of prestretch material provided with at least one outlet nozzle directed towards the co-zone of the secondary 'gas stream' with the main gas stream . This method and apparatus is the subject of French '2 223' 318 entitled 'Method of making fibers' from' thermoplastic materials and apparatus for carrying it out.

In the apparatus of the above French patent, there is used a plate limiting the resulting gaseous stream from the interaction of the main gaseous stream and the 'carrier gaseous stream' located upstream of the molten material opening, which plate may be inclined to divert the direction of the resulting gaseous 'current. When such plates are used, the filaments of the molten material tend to adhere to the plate, the more the greater the inclination angle of the plate.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the invention to overcome this disadvantage of the prior art and to provide an improved method and apparatus for producing fibers from a stretchable material.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is based on the object of providing a method for producing fibers from a prestretch material which comprises contacting the resulting stream with a main gas stream and a secondary gas stream with an additional gas stream.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the prestretch material is fed upstream of the secondary gaseous stream with respect to the direction of the main gaseous stream and the additional gaseous stream is fed to the main gaseous stream upstream of the point of supply of the prestretch material.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the additional gaseous stream is contacted with the resulting gaseous stream by interacting at a location immediately adjacent to the strand of prestretch material.

The invention further provides an apparatus for carrying out the method as defined above, characterized in that, at the outlet nozzle of the prestretch material container opposite the outlet line of the main gas stream, a supply member of the additional gas stream is provided with an outlet through the nozzle of the additional gas stream to direct it into contact with the resulting stream by the interaction of the main gas stream and the secondary gas stream.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outlet nozzle. the additional gaseous stream is. 'placed. immediately at the point where the strand of prestretch material enters the zone of interaction of the main gas stream and the secondary gas stream.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the feed. the additional gaseous organ consists of a front plate located upstream of the outlet. by opening the secondary gaseous stream with respect to the direction of movement of the main gaseous stream, wherein the auxiliary flow outlet nozzle is located upstream of the cartridge outlet nozzle in the functional edge region of the front plate.

According to. another preferred embodiment of the invention is front. the plate is provided with an inlet duct for additional gas flow provided with openings directed towards the functional edge of the front plate.

According to another. preferred embodiment of the invention. are. - holes. located between the inlet duct of the additional gas stream and the outlet. nozzle of additional gas. current.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention above the functional. an edge of the front plate is disposed along the outlet nozzles of the cartridge. directing the gas stream to the functional edge of the front plate.

According to another. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outlet of the additional gaseous stream disposed at the leading edge of the front plate is provided with a plurality of mutually separated openings located one in front of each supply nozzle of the prestretch material.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the front plate is provided with a channel for circulating the cooling fluid.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, at the end of the main gas outlet conduit, a rear plate is provided, the lower surfaces of which form a main gas flow directing surface, the rear plate being provided with a plurality of apertures each located in front of one outlet nozzle. one supply pipe for receiving the secondary gas stream is disposed within each of the plurality of rear plate openings.

These measures of the invention effectively prevent adhesion of the processed prestretch material to the surface of the front plate. Furthermore, the precautionary control of the secondary gaseous stream and the supply of prestretch material in the direction of flow of the main gaseous stream are possible through these measures. .

Examples of embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings, wherein FIG. 1 represents a front view of the device according to the invention, partly in vertical section, FIG. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of arrow 2-2 of Fig. 3 with a front plate, according to plane 3-3 of Fig. 4 on a larger scale, and with feeding devices; the gas-carrying carrier and the auxiliary. 4 shows a view in the direction of the arrow 4 in FIG. 3, FIG. 5, in the same section as in FIG. 3, showing in particular the spinning effect using the main gaseous stream and the carrier gaseous stream and the additional gaseous stream, FIG. Fig. 7 is a horizontal cross-section of the various components of the device according to the invention; Fig. 8 shows a perspective view of the device for generating the carrier gas streams; section by plane. 9 shows a sectional view along the plane of FIG. 9, FIG. 9, a partial vertical section through a further plate. carrying out a container with means of supply. the carrier gas stream and the additional gas stream, respectively. 2 a partial cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of a reservoir with means for supplying a carrier gas stream and an additional gas stream, FIG. 3 shows a vertical section through a further embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, similar to that shown in FIGS. a bottom view of the device of FIG. 3.

As can be seen in particular from FIGS. 4 to 4, the reservoir 200 is connected to the introduction tank 201 for the stretchable material, for example glass, but it is also possible to use molten glass instead of supplying molten glass to the introduction tank 201 from the glassworks. electrically heated furnace furnaces for melting glass.

The cartridge 200 'is provided with a set of exit nozzles 37 for the prestretch material through which molten prestretch material is fed into the co-operating zone. a main gas stream with a system of secondary gas streams. Each secondary gaseous stream is provided with one outlet nozzle 37 for a prestretch material to form a plurality of spinneries. The main gaseous stream is indicated by an arrow 12A and the secondary gaseous streams exit from the inlets of the pipes 207 through the outlet openings 36. These inlet pipes 207 and the outlet openings 36 will be described in detail below.

The main gaseous stream 12A is supplied through the outlet conduit 202. This main gaseous stream 12A is produced by combustion of fuel in the combustion chamber 203, to which a gas-air mixture is supplied via line 204.

The combustion chamber 205, to which the gas-air mixture is fed via line 206, generates gas which is supplied to the outlet ports 36 through the inlet pipes 207. This arrangement is illustrated in detail in Figures 3 and 4. they extend into the orifices 36a and through them flow secondary gas streams transverse to the flow direction of the main gas stream 12A exiting the outlet conduit 202.

As shown in Figures 1 to 8, the holes 36a are drilled in the back plate 20.8 contacting the upper limit of the main gas stream 12A, the back plate 208 being formed from a single corn with a reservoir 200.

K ^ ^r Here, the spinning space · created as described above operates · generally as described in the aforementioned French patent, and parameters, including the kinetic energy of the main · gaseous stream and a secondary · gaseous stream in the functional region, the temperature of these gas streams as well as the temperature of the prestretch material, the ratio between the dimensions of the outlet nozzles 37 for the prestretch material and the outlets 36 for the secondary gaseous stream, their distance and other parameters, may correspond to those set forth in said French patent.

The improvement made by the present invention relates to a front plate 209 which is formed as described in said French patent. This front plate 209 is labeled "front" because, with respect to the flow direction of the main gas stream 12A, it is located upstream of the spinning point, i.e., upstream of the outlet nozzle 37 for the prestretch material, which is again upstream of the outlet opening 36. for the secondary gas stream.

The front plate 209 is shown in particular in FIGS. 1, 3 and 5. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the front plate 209 is supported by adjustable supports 210 which allow adjustment of its position and inclination. The front plate 209 is the main component of the auxiliary gas flow supply member 20, which is located on the side opposite to the outlet conduit 232 of the main gas flow 12A.

The front plate 209 is a channel 211 for the coolant connections 212 that allow circulation of coolant, e.g. water, whereby ^j is achieved by cooling the front plate 209th

As mentioned above, the use of the front plate 209 at the spinning sites allows the fibers to contact the front plate 209, thereby accumulating, i.e., to deposit molten prestretch material on the surface of the front panel 209. By the arrangement of the present invention, this deposition of molten The material used for this purpose is referred to as "additional" and the generated gas stream is also referred to as "additional gas stream".

In the embodiment of Figures 1 to 8, the functional edge 213 of the front plate 209 is spaced from a lower portion of the cartridge 200 so that a nozzle 300 is formed between the cartridge 200 and the functional edge 213 of the front plate 209 to feed the additional gas stream to the cartridge. area that is relative to the direction. flow of the resulting gaseous stream positioned upstream of the exit nozzles 37 for the prestretch material. The front plate 209 has a supply channel 214 with connections 215 for supplying additional gas, e.g. air.

A plurality of through-flow orifices 216 for additional gaseous flow are connected to the supply duct 214 and supply. gas in the direction of the functional edge 213 of the front plate 209 that flows through the nozzle 300 adjacent the container

209. In order to close the space between the cartridge 200 and the front plate 289 and to prevent leakage of additional gas, a plate 217 is attached to the carcass 218, the lower edge of the plate 217 being bent upwardly near the bottom wall of the cartridge 200 so as to form a cavity. which comprises an insulating material 219, for example alumina fibers. Preferably, the sheet 217 is made of stainless steel.

FIG. 5 shows the function of the auxiliary gas stream, and FIG. 5 shows the nozzles of the main gas stream 12A and the secondary gas stream as well as the additional gas stream introduced through the through holes 216 to the functional edge 213 of the front plate 289 from which the additional gaseous stream flows through the nozzle 300 and enters the space at the upper limit of the resulting stream, thereby forming a gaseous layer at the bottom wall of the front plate 209.

The apparatus has a plurality of spinning stations made according to FIG. 5, which are placed side by side in a direction transverse to the flow direction of the main gas stream 12A. Before everyone. a secondary gas flow outlet 38 and its associated outlet material nozzle 37 is provided with an additional gas flow through hole 216, the additional gas streams forming a substantially continuous layer during flow through the nozzle 308 and along the lower front wall This prevents the fibers of the prestretch material from coming into contact with the surface of the front plate 209.

The formation of the inlet duct 214 and the additional gas flow through holes 216 in the front plate 209 causes it to be smoothed so that the effect of the additional gas stream in combination with the effect of the coolant flowing through the coolant channel 211 keeps the front plate 209 at a relatively low temperature. thereby avoiding sticking of the prestretch material to the surface of the front plate 209.

In a device having a large number of, for example, 80 spinning stations arranged transversely to the flow direction of the main gas stream 12A, it is preferred that the front plate 209 is split. 2 and 7, the front plate 209 is divided into three portions each having a coolant channel 211 and a supply channel 214 having gas and coolant supply connections. By dividing the front plate 209 into several parts, efficient circulation and accurate distribution of the additional gaseous streams are easier to achieve, thereby maintaining operating conditions within narrow tolerance limits.

As shown in Figures 1 to 8, the back plate 208 is provided with apertures 36a formed in one piece with the cartridge 200. It is preferred that the back plate 208 is made of a platinum alloy if conventional glass compositions are used in glass fiber production and to ensure the uniformity of the fibers produced at each spinning station. It is necessary to strictly follow the arrangement of the outlet nozzles 37 for the prestretch material and the outlet openings 36 for the secondary gas stream in succession in the flow direction of the main gas stream 12A.

In one of the embodiments described in the aforementioned French patent, this precise arrangement is achieved automatically by using a narrow slit for supplying the prestretch material instead of a set of separate outlet nozzles 37 for the prestretch material. The arrangement shown in FIGS. 1 to 8 also enables accurate. arranging secondary gaseous streams behind strands of molten prestretch material despite the use of separate outlet nozzles 37 for prestretch. material. This accuracy is achieved in that the back plate 208 is integrally formed with the cartridge 200.

Since the secondary gas flow orifices 36a for the inlet ducts 36a for the prestretch material are drilled in one piece, the desired accuracy is achieved and this is maintained even if different in different areas of the piece dilatation or contraction conditions.

In addition, this required accuracy is facilitated by the further action shown in Figures 1 to 8. Figures 2, 3, 4, 7 and 8 show that each secondary gas stream flows from the secondary gas stream inlet pipe 207 inserted into the aperture. 36a, wherein the outer diameter. the inlet gas pipes 207 for the secondary gas stream are slightly smaller than the diameter of the hole · · 36a, The inlet gas pipes 207 for the secondary gas stream are grouped together and shown in the drawings · four such groups each connected to the inlet pipe 220 for secondary gas stream connected to port 221. By holding the secondary gas supply pipes 207 into groups, each group separately positioned, the expansion and contraction of the secondary gas stream supply line 220 is easier than if these The secondary gas stream supply tubes 207 have been supported on a single carrier for the entire spinning station assembly.

In addition, by using the secondary gas flow lances 207, each of which is inserted into a separate opening 36a, and making the outer diameters of the secondary gas flow lances 207 somewhat smaller. than the diameters of the holes 36a, the conditions for thermal expansion and contraction are improved. The formation of the secondary gaseous lance groups 207 and their arrangement as described above is particularly important when the reservoir 200 and the back plate 208 are made of a platinum alloy and the secondary gaseous lances 207 are of a cheaper material such as stainless steel. since these different metals have different coefficients of thermal expansion.

As can be seen in FIG. 8, each group of secondary gas flow lances 207 together with the carrier gas flow line 220 on which it is supported, and the port 221 forms a rake-like system; 1 and 2, the ports 221 are connected to the combustion chamber 205, and preferably the air entering each port 221 is supplied to the gaseous stream. This is achieved by using a housing 223 interposed between the combustion chamber 205 and the mounting plate 222 for port 221. This housing 223 is designed to reduce the temperature of the flue gas flowing from the combustion chamber 205 to a temperature suitable for the inlet pipes 207 for the secondary gas stream, and includes an air duct 224 connected to the housing 223, and air supply tubes 225 are provided for the passages 226. For each group of secondary gas supply tubes 207, one passage 226 is provided. This measure flows into the secondary gas supply tubes 207 of the flue gas from the combustion chamber 205 diluted with air supplied air duct 224.

It can be seen from Figures 0, 4 and 7 that only one orifice 36a and one inlet pipe 207 are provided for a secondary gas stream located away from the end of a series of outlet nozzles 37 for the prestretch material. the aforementioned French patent and their purpose is to achieve a regular spinning effect at the level of the outlet nozzles 37 for the stretch β

material at opposite ends of the plurality of outlet dies 37 for the prestretch material.

In addition, in this arrangement, a similar measure is applied to the through holes 216 for the additional holes. gaseous stream. FIGS. 2, 4 and 7 show an additional through-flow orifice 216 for an additional gaseous stream positioned sideways with respect to each end of the series of exit ducts 37 for prestretch. This measure serves the same purposes as above.

9 and 10, the front plate 227 of the modified structure is shown. This front plate 227 has a coolant channel 228 with connections 229 as well as a gas channel 230 with connections 231. Through holes. 232, the additional gaseous stream flowing from the gas passage 214 is connected to the bottom of the groove 233. having an edge facing the functional edge 234 of the front plate 227 and disposed just above the functional edge 234. This front plate 227 is mounted at the spinning stations in the same manner as in the above-described embodiments of the device according to the invention. The front plate 227 shown in FIGS. 9 and 1 (0 is also intended to fill the space between the front plate 227 and the cartridge 200 in the same manner as in the embodiments of FIGS. 1, 3 and 5. The groove 233 serves to improve the flow of the additional gas stream. along the trailing edge of the front plate 227 and to facilitate the formation of an additional gaseous layer on the surface of the front plate 227.

FIG. 11 shows a front plate 209 in another embodiment. The bottom of the containers 200 has a partially altered shape, and also the shape of the front plate 209 is changed to match the shape of the bottom of the container · 200. The front plate 209 is provided with a coolant passage 235 with connections 236 and a gas passage 237 with ports 238 into which a gas passage 237 extends. The gas passage 237 opens into through-flow orifices 239 for additional gas flow which are connected With a narrow groove-shaped chamber formed between the functional edge 234 of the front plate 209 and the bottom of the cartridge 200. Between the front plate 209 and the cartridge 200 are provided means for achieving an additional gas flow in the desired direction.

12 shows another embodiment of the front plate 209. In this embodiment, the reservoir 200 is formed in one piece with a back plate 208 provided with holes 36a for the supply pipes 207 for the secondary gas stream. Essentially, the structure of the front plate 209 is the same as the one described above in Figures 1-8, but the space between the front plate 209 and the cartridge 200 is different. The lower portion of the front plate 209 is provided with a metal strip 240 arranged along the length of the front plate 209. The metal strip 240 together with the upper portion of the front plate 209 defines an elongate nozzle 300 for an additional gas stream. This assembly is insulated from the heat of the reservoir 200 by an insulating layer 241. This insulating layer 241 is advantageous with a view to reducing heat loss - the reservoir 200.

In all of the embodiments described above, the secondary gas stream supply pipes 207 are disposed within the apertures 36a forming part of the cartridge 200. It is preferable to provide thermal insulation between the secondary gas stream supply pipes 207 and the apertures 36a, which may The secondary gas stream is provided with a heat-insulating layer of, for example, alumina. This insulation contributes, on the one hand, to reducing the heat losses of the reservoir 200. and, on the other hand, to the protection of the material of the inlet pipes 207 for the secondary gas stream.

All of the above-described arrangements are applicable to the apparatus of Figure 1 in which the reservoir 200 is housed under the insertion reservoir 201. The reservoir 200 is separated from the insertion reservoir 201 by a ceramic liner 242 in which the tube is stored. 243 for coolant. It is also possible to use a fibrous insulating material 244 at the bottom of the adjacent surface of the inserter 201 to reduce heat loss in this region.

In some cases, it is preferable to use an electrical device 245 connected to the ends of the cartridge 200 -a to heat the cartridge 200 with electrical resistance.

A further embodiment of the device according to the present invention is shown in Figs. 13 and 14. In this embodiment, an insertion reservoir 246 and a reservoir 247 are provided. The outlet nozzles 37 for the prestretch material are similar to those in Fig. 1 and outlet openings 36 for the secondary gas. The streams are provided in nozzles 248 located in line 249. Connected to line 249 is a supply line 250 supplying a secondary-gaseous stream.

The main gaseous stream 12A flowing from the conduit 251 meets its upper boundary with the outlet nozzles 37 of the prestretch material and with the outlet ports 36 for the secondary gas stream.

In front of the outlet nozzles 37 for the prestretch material is a hollow front plate 252, the cavity 253 of which is connected to the tube 254. The cavity 253 is provided with a set of projections 255 whose apertures 256 serve to supply an additional gaseous stream. to the direction of flow of the main gas stream 12A in front of the spinning station formed by the outlet nozzle 37 of the extensible material and the outlet port 36 for the secondary gas stream.

It can be seen from Fig. 14 that - the secondary gas flow outlet orifices 36, the outlet nozzles 37 - for the extensible material - and the additional gas flow orifices - 256 are grouped together, each with a group of forms a single spinning site;

With regard to the function of the spinning apparatus when using an additional gaseous stream, the additional gaseous stream may be pressurized.

0.049 to 0.196 MPa, preferably 0.0784 to 0.100

MPa.

For plants with about 80 points spinneret according to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-8 may be the supply amount of the additional gas ·· order equal to 1'5 3i9 · m ³ .h ^_1, preferably 17 to 25 m ³ h ^_1.

The kinetic energy per volume gas unit for the additional gas stream should be substantially lower than the kinetic energy per volume gas unit of the secondary gas stream.

Claims (12)

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION Method for producing fibers from a prestretch material, in particular a thermoplastic material, in which a main gaseous stream and at least one secondary gaseous stream having a cross-sectional area smaller than the cross-section of the main gaseous stream, and the kinetic energy of the secondary gaseous stream are sufficient to penetrate and direct the main gas stream. the secondary gas stream perpendicular to the main gas stream is formed by an interaction zone, the heat-softened prestretch material is fed to the interaction zone of the secondary gas stream and the main gas stream, and the material is then introduced into the inner interaction zone, with the resulting stream The interaction of the main gas stream and the secondary gas stream is brought into contact with an additional gas stream. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the prestretch material is supplied upstream of the secondary gaseous stream with respect to the direction of the main gaseous stream and the additional gaseous stream is fed to the main gaseous stream upstream of the inlet of the prestretch material. 3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the additional gas stream is contacted with the resulting gas stream of interaction at a location immediately adjacent to the strand of prestretch material. 4. An apparatus for carrying out the method of item 1 having a main gas generator provided with a main gas outlet conduit, at least one secondary gas generator provided with at least one outlet nozzle having a cross section smaller than that of the main gas outlet conduit. wherein the outlet of the secondary gas stream is directed perpendicularly to the direction of the main gas outlet duct and their axes intersect, a container of prestretch material provided with at least one outlet nozzle directed to the secondary gas stream interaction zone with the main gas stream; in that at the outlet nozzle (37) of the stretch material container (ZOO) on the side opposite to the main gas flow outlet pipe (202), an additional gas flow supply member (20) provided with an outlet nozzle is located (300) of the auxiliary gas 'stream for directing its' in contact with the resulting gas stream interaction · heads whom you gaseous stream and a secondary gas stream therefrom. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the outlet nozzle (300) of the additional gaseous stream is located immediately adjacent the point where the strand of prestretch material enters the zone of interaction of the main gaseous stream and the secondary gaseous stream. 6. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the additional gaseous feed member (20) consists of a front plate (209, 227, 252) located upstream of the secondary gaseous outlet port (36) with respect to it. to the direction of movement of the main gas stream, the outlet nozzle (300) of the additional gas stream being located upstream of the outlet nozzle (37) of the cartridge (200). in the area of the functional edge (213, 234) of the front plate (200, 227, 252). Device according to Claim 6, characterized in that the front plate (200, 227, 252) is provided with an inlet duct (214, 230) for additional gas flow, provided with openings (216, 232) directed towards the functional edge (213) , 234) of the front plate (209, · 227, · 252). Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the apertures (210, 232) are located between the inlet duct (214, 230) of the additional gas stream and the outlet nozzle (300) of the additional gas stream. Device according to Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that a groove (233) is arranged above the functional edge (234) of the front plate (209) along the outlet nozzles (37) of the cartridge (200) for directing the gaseous stream towards the functional edge (234). ) of the front plate (209). 10. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the outlet nozzle (300) of the additional gaseous stream located at the functional edge 213, 234 of the front plate (209) is provided with a plurality of spaced apart openings (256) located in front of each other. by each outlet nozzle (37) of the cartridge (200). Device according to Claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the front plate (200) is provided with a channel (211, 238) for circulating the coolant fluid. Device according to Claim 4, characterized in that a rear plate (208) is provided at the end of the main gas outlet outlet pipe (202), the lower surfaces of which form the main gas flow surface, the rear plate (2ιΟ · ί5) being provided with a series of apertures (3 '6a), each of which is located upstream 27347 one outlet nozzle (37) of the reservoir (200) relative to the direction of main gas flow and within each of the plurality of openings (38a) of the rear plate (208) is a single supply tube (207) for outlet of the secondary gas flow.