CS200578B1 - Method of finishing webs,especially textile fabrics - Google Patents

Abstract

1462505 Irradiation grafting process TEXTILKOMBINAT COTTBUS VEB 14 May 1974 [15 May 1973] 21345/74 Heading C3G Textile planar products are finished by a process in which the product is (a) homogeneously irradiated by means of ionizing rays and homogeneously contacted with a monomer, before, during or after the homogeneous irradiation and (b) thereupon subjected to locally limited ionizing irradiation with ionizing rays and homogeneously contacted with a monomer, or homogeneously irradiated with ionizing rays and brought into contact, with local limitations, with means which destroy the radicals formed and homogeneously contacted with a monomer. Step (b) may precede step (a). In a modification, the planar product is homogeneously irradiated and simultaneously or subsequently subjected to locally limited ionizing irradiation, followed by homogeneous contacting with a monomer. The means for destroying radicals with local limitations may be heated profiled rollers or controlled laser beams. Examples are given in which the ionizing rays are produced from an electron accelerator and (a) polyamide silk is irradiated, passed through aqueous acrylic acid, irradiated with part of the ray field masked by perforated aluminium discs, passed through aqueous acrylamide and treated with sodium ions; (b) polypropylene film is irradiated, passed through an aqueous acrylamide/acrylic acid solution, optionally irradiated again, and then passed over a heated profiled roller and treated with aqueous acrylic acid; (c) cotton/polyamide material is irradiated, passed through methanolic styrene solution, irradiated again, treated with controlled laser beams and grafted a second time using said styrene solution; (d) polyamide/polyester fabric is impregnated with aqueous acrylic acid, irradiated first homogeneously and then with a controlled electron beam and then treated with aqueous acrylic acid; (e) polyacrylonitrile/polyamide fleece is impregnated with methyl methacrylate, subjected to homogeneous irradiation and then passed over a heated profiled roller prior to treatment with methanolic styrene solution; (f) polyacrylonitrile/polyester fabric is irradiated under a masking stencil, treated with styrene vapour, homogeneously irradiated and then treated with alcoholic styrene; (g) cotton/polypropylene fleece is irradiated under an aluminium patterned masking stencil, treated with boiling aqueous acrylic acid, homogeneously irradiated and then treated again with said boiling aqueous acid; (h) polyamide foil is irradiated under a masking stencil, treated with aqueous acrylamide, rinsed, treated with aqueous acrylic acid and then homogeneously irradiated; (i) polyamide fibrous floor covering is irradiated, passed over a heated profiled roller, contacted with boiling aqueous acrylic acid, homogeneously irradiated and then treated with sodium ions and dyed; (i) polyester fabric is irradiated, passed over heated profiled rollers, treated with boiling aqueous acrylic acid, rinsed, impregnated with aqueous acrylamide and subjected to homogeneous irradiation; (k) polyamide silk is irradiated, passed through aqueous acrylic acid, passed over a heated profiled roller, contacted with acrylamide solution and irradiated; (1) fibrous polyamide/polyester material is irradiated first homogeneously and then under aluminium stencils and contacted with aqueous acrylamide; (m) polyamide/polyester material is homogeneously irradiated, passed over a heated profiled roller, further irradiated and then contacted with aqueous acrylamide and (n) polyamide/ polyester material is irradiated in a homogeneous ray field under a masking stencil of thickness smaller than the length of the rays applied and then contacted with acrylamide solution.

Description

The present invention relates to a process for the treatment of sheet shapes, in particular to the treatment of textile sheets of polyamide, polyester, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile or cotton, which are irradiated with ionizing radiation and subjected to graft polymerization.

It is known that the properties of high-polymeric materials are altered by grafting monomeric substances onto these high-polymeric materials. The grafting of the monomeric substances can also be effected by radiation chemistry. To this end, the polymer material is first irradiated with ionizing radiation, for example by electron beams from the Van-de-Graaff generator, and then brought into contact with the monomeric material which it may be in a liquid state, called the pre-irradiation method, or the high polymer material is first contacted with the monomer substance, which enters the high polymer material and then the high polymer material with the monomer substance is irradiated with ionizing radiation, i.e. so-called simultaneous. method. In the last method, in addition to the desired grafting, undesirable homopolymers of the monomeric substance often occur, depending on the monomer chosen, various modifications of the properties of the high-polymeric substance are obtained.

For example, if the textile sheet is made of a polyamide fabric with a structure

АО 200 577

200 578 pages

- (C с - 0f i

Η ΗΗ

Η Η ··

0-0-01 'ι)

ΗΗ ΗΗ exposure to ionizing radiation, preferably electron radiation, so primarily moradadicals are formed, for example

0 « Η > » Η AND Η AND H C -n AND -C -C AND -C- C ^- c Η Η Η Η H H

which are capable of initiating a polymerization of monomeric substances, such as CH ₂ CHCONH ₂ acrylamide. Thus, and the high-AAAA-, the monomer B is grafted as shown schematically below, i.e. as a side chain.

A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A. (Bf makoioidical monomer grafted molecule

If a polyamide fiber fabric is used as the high polyimide material and acrylamide polymer is used as the polymer, then a polyamide fiber fabric is obtained which is characterized by increased moisture uptake, i.e. improved physiologic protective behavior. By using a textile fabric of polyester fiber and acrylic acid CH 2 CHCHCOOH as a monomer substance, a fabric fabric is obtainable which can be dyed with base dyes.

All kinds of ionizing radiation, in particular electron radiation, gamma radiation and x-ray radiation, can be used as radiation types for radiation-chemically grafted grafts (homogeneous electronically).

[0007] In the known methods of grafting eonomer substances onto highly polymeric materials, in particular textile fabrics, it is that the textile character, i.e. the appearance of the sheet, is not changed.

Further, a method is known in which the mixing to which the grafting occurs, i.e. the reduction of planar formations, is used to achieve the structural effects of planar formations, i.e. spatial deformations. In this case, the free radicals required to initiate the grafted polymorph are not formed homogeneously over the entire surface of the sheet, but localized. The radicals can be produced locally either by covering the nuts between the radiation source and the sheet, or the sheet is irradiated homogeneously by ionizing radiation and then the free radicals are disrupted locally to the partial surfaces, for example by means of heated profiled rollers, around which the irradiated surface formation is guided · Spatial deformation of the surface formation leads to structural phenomena, ie to the oonaeentalal pattern!

200 578 can be combined with color patterning.

Also, the behavior of moisture sorption can change positively. A shortcoming of the latter method is that the so-called partial motification cannot be achieved. effects which would assume homogeneous grafting of mono-mineral substances, for example antistatic behavior or hydrophobic properties, in which case a closed conductive or hydrorobic film must be present.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the texturability, moisture sorption sorption behavior, resistance to dampness, hydrophobic properties and antistatic properties of textile spatial formations while at the same time obtaining structural and color patterning effects.

Sl invention has as an essential task vytvoolt process for upgrading sheet materials, preferably textile fabrics, which piri moodfikuJÍ sheets such that the both textinně _{Уyztcteglcýfa-l} as well as improvement in the specimen.

According to a method of refining sheets by ionizing radiation and subjected to graft polymerization according to the invention, the sheets are irradiated homogeneously by ionizing radiation and, before, during or after homogeneous irradiation, are homogeneously contacted with vinyl compounds, optionally rinsed and dried, and it is then irradiated locally heterogeneously with ionizing radiation and contacted homogeneously with the vinyl compounds or thereafter, homogeneously irradiated with ionizing radiation and locally heterogeneously contacted with means which disrupt the formed radicals and contact homogeneously.

The matt grafting can also be carried out before the homogeneous grafting. It is advantageous to use electron beams with energy from 40 keV up to 3 MeV as ionizing radiation. Partially obscured homogeneous radiation can be used as locally heterogeneous radiation. Intensity-controlled radiation or locally-controlled radiation may be used as locally heterogeneous ionizing radiation. Hot articles can be used as a locally limited composition, disruptive radicals. It is also advantageous to use radical disintegrants as a locally limited means of controlling laser irradiation. It is also an advantageous feature of the invention that mono-aria substances in the liquid or gas phase are used as the grafting solution. In particular, acrylic acid, acrylemide or styrene are used as vinyl compounds. Another advantageous feature of the invention is that the local graft polymer is carried out simultaneously with the homogeneous graft polymer. A final feature of the invention is that profiled cylinders and heating which produce an effect which partially breaks down the radicals are used as hot objects.

Individual solutions result in the following solutions:

1. For the purpose of homogeneous modification according to the prior irradiation method, the sheet is first irradiated with 1 cm radiation in a homogeneous radiation field, and is produced. reactive species that initiate in the grafting solution. Thereafter, optionally after meeioplatine and melt-drying, the sheet is exposed to an inhomogeneous field of ionizing radiation, which is generated either by masking the templates, or by intensifying or locally controlled radiation, thereby producing locally reactive species which induce in an additional downstream grafting.

200,578 solution by local grafting of the monomer substance which is associated with local shrinkage and thus ornamental structure formation.

After that, the surface is rinsed in an irrigation bath, dried in a cblaati and the treated surface is wound or deposited in a suitable manner.

2 · For the purpose of homogeneous modification, proceed as described under 1 · Free radicals still present in the surface after homogeneous grafting and are locally disrupted, in particular by hot profiled roll · or by laser irradiation · Remaining localized radicals initiate localized grafting of the monomer substance, which is connected and local shrinkage, thus forming an ornamental structure · rinsing, drying and placement of the sheet formation is attached to the grafting ·

3 · The procedure described under 2 is followed, but between homogeneous grafting and local radical disruption, one more time is irradiated with ionizing beams in a homogeneous field of radiation to increase partial grafting ·

4 · The sheet is homogeneously modified according to the simultaneous method · To do this, it is impregnated in the grafting solution with a mohomer substance and then exposed to a homogeneous field of radiation · Then the sheet bird is exposed to an inhomogeneous field of ionizing radiation and performs local grafting · Local grafting leads to local shrinkage, which leads to the creation of an ornamental structure of the planar formation · The planar formation is then rinsed, dried and coiled or deposited in another way ·

· The surface formation is first homogeneously modified according to the simultaneous method as described under 4 and after irradiation in a homogeneous field of ionizing radiation, free radicals are localized by local disruption of radicals, in particular by means of heated profiled rollers or laser / radiation, formation, thereby resulting in local grafting of the monomer substance in the subsequent grafting solution and thereby local shrinkage and formation of the ornamental structure. Then the planar formation is rinsed, dried and deposited.

The sheet is first subjected to a partial modification, irradiating in an inhomogeneous field of ionizing radiation locally, preferably with the aid of masking or intensity-controlled or locally-controlled radiation, and then fed to the grafting solution, where local shrinkage occurs and ornamental structure is formed · Thereafter, the sheet is homogeneously modified according to the pre-irradiation method, thereby irradiating in a homogeneous field of ionizing radiation and then sprayed in the grafting solution. Then the sheet is rinsed, washed, dried and saves ·

7 · Proceed as described under 6, but the repeated contacting of the formation with the grafting solution after irradiation in a homogeneous radiation field is eliminated.

8 · A partial modification of the sheet is carried out as described under 6 · Thereafter, a homogeneous modification is carried out according to the simultaneous method by first spraying the sheet in a grafting solution and then irradiating it in a homogeneous radiation field of the ionizing radiation.

Then the ββ rinses or dries, dried and the sheet is stored.

9. The surface formation is initially partially mooded out that it is irradiated in a homogeneous radiating field and the radicals formed thereby are located in a device for the frosted destruction of radicals on a partial region of the surface formation. In the subsequent treatment in the grafting solution, the grafting of the monomer substance is localized and the dramatic structure is formed. Thereafter, the sheet is subjected to a homogeneous moudicide according to the previous irradiation method. It is first irradiated in a homogeneous field of ionizing radiation and then treated in a further grafting solution. The sheet is then rinsed or washed! dried and stored appropriately.

10. The procedure is described below 10, but the treatment of the sheet in the grafting solution after irradiation in a homogeneous radiation field is eliminated.

(11) partial moodfection is carried out as described below; Thereafter, homogeneous moodfication is carried out according to a standard method, in which the sheet is first treated in a grafting solution and then exposed to a homogeneous field of ionizing radiation. Thereafter, the sheet is rinsed or dried, dried and laid.

12 - The irradiation of the planar formation can be carried out on one and the eighth irradiation apparatus, for example electron acceleration, for both homogeneous modification and partial modification.

· The sheet is irradiated homogeneously and brought into contact with the grafting device. The porno-heated, profiled roll disrupts the locally limited radicals still present. The sheet is then contacted once more with the grafting solution and once again heat-treated.

14. The sheet is first homogeneously and then immediately partially irradiated and then brought into contact with the grafting solution.

15 «The sheet is uniformly irradiated. The resulting radicals are disrupted locally by the heated profiled cylinder. Thereafter, homigeemic irradiation is performed again. The treated sheet is then contacted with the grafting solution.

The substance may be present both for homogeneous modification and for partial mood filtration in the liquid or gas phase.

Meei individual sub-grandfathers can be involved in any order of processing processes such as rinsing, washing, drying.

The grafting for the purpose - partial moodfication - can be carried out either in the off-state state of the sheet, formation or under a defined tension.

Finally, according to the invention, the effect of partial moodficade, in particular the ornamental structure of the surface, can be resolved by treating the sheet with hot water, steam or hot air.

200 578.

The invention will now be explained in more detail by means of a number of exemplary embodiments. 1 to 15 schematically show a method of refining textile fabrics.

The stated% are% by weight.

Example 1

A flat warp knit of polyamide silk t with a surface area of gβο ^ μ ^ Ι100 g / л and a width of 1.80 m ee irradiates an electron accelerator type electron with an energy of 300 keV below the sensing device. The dose welded to the warp knitted fabric is 4 · 1 ° ^ gray. ^p o. For homogeneous irradiation, the warp knit is continuously fed into the grafting solution to initiate a homogeneous. graft. The grafting solution consists of 20% aqueous acrylic acid, the grafting solution having a temperature of 38 ° C. The warp knitted fabric remains in this solution for ¹⁰ minutes. ^After homogeneous grafting of the polyamide silk warp knitted fabric of acrylic acid, which is carried out in the stretched state, the polyamide silk warp knitted fabric is rinsed, washed, temporarily dried and then irradiated once more under the animation with an electron accelerator and sine electron line. the radiation field is darkened by means of a disc of 1 mm thick aluminum, whereby the warp knitted fabric is irradiated only at defined locations, which are predetermined by the aluminum disc sample, initiating the localized radicals in a subsequent graft solution consisting of ЗС An aqueous solution of acrylamide and has a temperature of 45 ° C, local grafting. The grafting time is 15 mnuu. The local grafting of acrylic clads results in mortal fading in the flat warp knit fabric, which leads to an ornamental structure. Flat warp knitted fabric is then rinsed and subjected to treatment with K ⁺ - ions to sodium ^and e vyobila ROL homogeneously grafted acrylic acid. Then. Rinse again and dry (cf. Fig. 1),

The above described processing yields a very well knitted and ornamental fabric of warp knitted fabric. polyamide silk, which is particularly well suited as a textile fabric for. outerwear and underwear; and. very good physiological behavior.

Example 2

A polypropylene film of 60 'thickness and 1.65 m width is irradiated under an electron accelerator scanner with an electron energy of 300 keV, while the absorbed dose is 8.10 ⁴ gxqy. ae film after irradiation treated in roubovno ^ roztota, ^the esters from the aqueous solution subsequently became akrylcmLdu (8 ¢) and the acid, ^and ry ^l b ^s QO%. ^No grafting CONSTANTS Temperature ³⁵ ° C 25 mnuu Toha grafting. After grafting, it is rinsed to remove residual mono and free radicals which are still present in the film and are locally broken with a profiled heated roll. The film is then treated for 10 minutes in a 20% strength aqueous acrylic acid solution which has been used

200 578 to boiling. It performs local grafting of the acrylic acid and there is a local shrinkage which leads to the ornamental structure of the film (cf. Fig. 2).

In this way, an antistatic, well-dyed film with a plastic structure and differentiated coloring is obtained, which can be used for decorative purposes, for example for spatial shaping.

Example 3

The procedure is as in Example 2, but after homogeneous grafting in the acrylamide-acrylic acid solution, irradiation is again carried out, the dose being 5.10 [mu] gray, in order to improve the structural effect (comparison for this purpose, FIG. 3).

Example 4

A knitting consisting of 50% of cotton fibers and 50% of polyamide fibers with a basis weight of 250 g / m and a width of 1.80 m is irradiated in a homogeneous electron field of electron accelerator radiation of known design, electron beams and energy absorption 2.10 ^ gray. Electron energy is 450 keV. The knitted fabric is then introduced into an alcoholic styrene solution consisting of 50% methanol and 50% styrene < Desc / Clms Page number 2 > heated to 40 ° C and left there for 15 minutes · The styrene grafted fabric is then irradiated once more, absorbing a dose of 1.5.10 The free radicals generated by the second irradiation are locally disrupted by the controlled laser radiation by the development of heat in the knitted fabric. Thus, in the following second grafting, the knitted fabric is only grafted locally, thereby shrinking locally and obtaining an ornamental structure (comparison to that Fig. 3) ·

In this way, a knit is obtained which has been permanently hydrophobically treated and, moreover, has a voluminous, pleasant character. Such a knitted fabric is particularly useful for weather-resistant outerwear fabrics.

Example 5

A fabric of 50% polyamide fibers and 50% polyester fibers with a basis weight of 220 g / m ² and a width of 1.40 ø is impregnated in 25% aqueous acrylic acid solution at 20 ° C for 5 minutes and then irradiated with electrons 450 keV below electron scanners up to 2.10 ^ gray energy absorption. This is followed by one more irradiation, by means of locally controlled electron radiation, which describes circular patterns on the fabric with a circle diameter of 5 mm and a raster distance of 12 mm, so that free radicals are limited in this way. Thereafter, the fabric is treated once more at 45 ° C for 15 minutes with a 25% aqueous solution of acrylic acid, resulting in local grafting, which, due to the local shrinkage, results in an ornamental fabric structure (cf. FIG. 4). dried. In this way, a permanently refined fabric of 2 polyamide and polyester fibers with improved dyeability, improved water absorption and bulky cinder is obtained.

200 578 teren. Such fabrics are particularly suitable for use in fabrics having fashionable clothing and physiological properties.

Example 6

Fleece (Roniroven) of 50% poly-acrylic fibers and 50% polyamide fibers л

impregnated with methyl methacrylate monomer at a basis weight of 160 g / m 2 and squeezed to an 80% weight gain. Thereafter, it is irradiated in a homogeneous radiation field of an electron scavenger with an electron energy of 300 keV until the energy absorption of ZLO * gray, thereby polymerizing monomeric methyl methacrylate and generating free radicals in the web. Some of the free radicals are digitally excited by means of a heated profiled cylinder. After this local disruption of the radicals, the web is treated at 35 ° C for 15 minutes in an alcoholic solution of styrene consisting of 60% styrene and 40% methanol. This results in local styrene grafting and a localized shrinkage to produce a flat-woven fleece (cf. FIG. 5), which is characterized by good resistance to decay and acid resistance and can be used in particular as a Teohn textile.

Example 7

A fabric with a basis weight of 140 g / m 2 and a width of 2.00 m of 60% polyacrylonitrile fibers and 40% polyester fibers is irradiated locally under the electron accelerator scanner by covering the template, with an absorbed dose of 5.10 * gray at 300 keV electron energy. In this manner, the fabric-irradiated fabric is steamed in styrene vapor for 15 minutes, resulting in local grafting. Local grafting results in local shrinkage which is further enhanced by subsequent hot air treatment at 120 ° C to provide a fabric with an ornamental structure. The fabric is then irradiated again in a homogeneous electron accelerator radiation field and treated for 15 minutes in a 50% strength alcoholic styrene solution at 40 ° C (Fig. 6). Extremely weather resistant fabric is obtained after removal of residual monomers.

Example 8

A fleece of 70% cotton fiber and 30% polypropylene fiber having a basis weight of 180 g / m @ 2 is irradiated locally under the electron accelerator scanner by masking a 1 mm thick aluminum template with sample passages. Electron energy is 300 keV, absorbed dose 1.3 L0 * gray. Immediately after local irradiation, treatment for 10 minutes in 25% acrylic acid solution at boiling point is followed. This results in the local grafting of the acrylic acid onto the fleece. After this treatment, the web is irradiated once more, but in a homogeneous field of electron accelerator radiation up to an energy absorption of 1.8 * 10 < 2 > and again treated for 10 minutes in boiling 25% acrylic acid solution (FIG. This provides a reinforced fleece of cotton and polypropylene fibers, which can be dyed in the bath and above it has a voluminous character.

200'578

Example 9

A 70 nm thick polyamide film is irradiated in inhomogeneous electron accelerator radiation, which is obtained by covering the template, electrons of 25 keV until the energy is absorbed at 6.10 µm, and then contacted for 10 minutes with a 30% aqueous solution. of acrylamide heated to 60 ° C. Then the film is rinsed with water and 3 minutes was treated with 15% aqueous acrylic acid solution at 25 · C and then irradiated with electron irradiation in a homogeneous ray and ^Z to A ^ orpce energy Gray 3.1 ⁰ (comparison of Fig. 8). In this way, a well-enrichable polyamide film for decorative purposes is obtained, provided with an oxime pattern

Example 10

The polyamide fiber flooring is irradiated in a homogeneous radiation field with an electron energy of 1 MeV until the energy absorption is 7.10 µm, and then the radicals are disrupted locally by means of a heated profiled cylinder. After this local destruction of the radicals, the flooring was contacted with a 28% aqueous acrylic acid solution which had been heated to boiling temperature for 10 minutes. Then flooring odmČká pomooí ždíraoích pair of cylinders to increase 120% and again oz & I homogeneous ray field accelerator Elek · trm ^ u to the energy ataorpoe 2.1 ⁰ ^ Gray (comparing FIGS. ¹⁰ and 12). The floor covering is then rinsed at 30 ° C with water and sodium salt is produced using sodium ions. Then they are basic to the dye. This gives a partially colored, still detaching dirt and an anti-static flooring with a voluminous character.

Example 11

A woven fabric of polyester fibers having a basis hmojnotSí 16o g / ^c m is irradiated in the homogeneous ray elektronoiýfa ^beta radiation Oli e ^^ accelerating the RON and ^the DO & sorpoe ^{b-energy, e} $ 10 Gray. Thereafter, the reactive species formed (free radicals, peroxides, hydroperoxides) are disrupted by locally acting heat in the desert of profiled rolls, and the fabric is contacted with a 12% aqueous acrylic acid solution at boiling point for 15 minutes. Then, thoroughly washed at 25 ° C with water and fabric Úval contacted for 3 minutes at 38 ° C with 20% aqueous solution of acrylamide, odmačká to příiůstek mass to 100% and irradiated in the homogeneous ^p oli radiation accelerating e ^ ktaoró until the energy absorption was 2.10 ^ gray (comparison of FIG. 11). Partially colored water is obtained well. bulky, dirt is a polyester fabric for garment fabrics,

Example 12

A flat fabric (1) of polyamide silk fabric with a weight of 100 g / m @ 2 is irradiated in a homogeneous field. (2) The accelerator of electrons with energy · ^0, 3 MeV until absorbed energy ^ o ^ ⁰ ^ 2.1 ^g ray and then continuously ^p rovádí 15% solution of acrylic acid, 2 * Bob contact is 10 minutes. This treatment results in homogeneity

200 578 Acrylic acid grafting · Thereafter, the PAS warp knitted fabric is contacted with the heated profiled roll 8, thereby locally disrupting the free radicals present in the sheet formation * Then it is contacted with a 12% acrylic solution solution with a contact time of 10 minutes * Since acrylamide is grafted only to sweeps, where free radicals have not been disturbed by the heated profiled roll, local shrinkage occurs and this creates a structural phenomenon * This structural phenomenon is fixed by attached radiation in the homogeneous field of radiation 2 electron accelerators * the knitted fabric is washed in a washing bath 5 and wound up · hydrophilic · structural · antistatic and partial coloring of the sheet · is obtained, which is particularly suitable as a shirt fabric · aprons and blouses (fig * 13) ·

Example 13

A sheet 1 having a basis weight of 250 g / m (Fig. * 14) · consisting of 50% polyamide fiber and 50% polyester fiber is irradiated in a homogeneous radiation field 2 of an electron accelerator of 0.5 MeV up to a dose of 2 * 10 * gray * Thereafter, additional local irradiation is performed using 1 mm thick aluminum masking templates having round recesses with a diameter of 8 mm and a center distance of 16 mm, giving a dose of 5 * 10 ^ gray. contact with a 20% aqueous acrylamide solution at a temperature of 25 ° C. Contact time is 8 minutes. * After washing in the washing bath, a hydrophilic structural sheet for topsheet fabrics is obtained.

Example 14 o

Area 1 with a basis weight of 250 g / m (Fig. * 15) · consisting of 50% polyamide fibers and 50% polyester fibers irradiated in a homogeneous radiation field 2 electron irradiator in electron energy 0 _t 5 MeV up to dose 5 * 10 ^ gray * Thereafter the sheet is contacted with a heated profiled roll 8 * This is followed by an additional irradiation up to a dose of 2 * 10 ^ gray * After both treatments, contact is made with a 2W aqueous acrylamide solution at a temperature of 25 ° C * Contact time is 8 minutes * After washing in a washing bath, a hydrophilic structural sheet for drapery fabrics is obtained.

The graft copolymer induced in the examples of pornographic radiation chemistry methods according to the invention can also be carried out by all known chemical methods for the grafting of the graft copolymer.

Example 15

The sheet 1 with a basis weight of 250 g / m ₉ consisting of 50% by weight of polyamide fibers and 50% by weight of polyester fibers · is irradiated in a homogeneous radiation field 2 by electron accelerators with electron energy of 1 MeV thickness 0.5 mm * Since the thickness of the template is less than the range of electrons used with an energy of 1 MeV ₉ , the surface 1 is irradiated in a single irradiation operation both homogeneously and 1 partially. into contact

200 578 in 20% acrylamide solution at 20 ° C * Contact time 8 minutes * After washing in a washing bath, a hydrophilic structural sheet for outerwear fabrics is obtained *

Claims (11)

A method of refining sheets of fabric, in particular refining textile sheets of polyamide * of polyester, polypropylene, polyalkynyl nitrile, or cotton, which are irradiated with ionizing radiation and subjected to a graft polymerization characterized in that the sheet is irradiated homogeneously and with pre-ionizing radiation. during or after homogeneous irradiation, it is contacted homogeneously with vnyl. The compounds may optionally be rinsed and dried and then irradiated with heterogeneous ionizing radiation and homogeneously contacted with these compounds or thereafter homogeneously contacted with agents which disrupt the radicals formed and contacted homogeneously with the vinyl compounds. *. >. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the local graft polymer is carried out before the homogeneous graft polymer. 3 * Method according to points 1 and 2, mark it! The method is characterized in that electrons are used as ionizing radiation 4. The method of claim 3, wherein electron beams are used with energy from 40 keV to 3 MeV. 5 * Method. according to items 1 to 4, characterized in that partially obscured homogexic radiation is used as locally heterogeneous ionizing radiation. 6 * Method according to points 1 to 4 * тугшЛаитХ. characterized in that intensity-controlled or locally-controlled radiation is used as locally heterogeneous ionizing radiation * 7. The method according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the surface formations are treated as a locally limited radical-destroying means by hot objects, for example by heated profile rolls. 8. The method according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that controlled localized laser radiation is used as a locally restricted radical-free means. 9. Process according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the grafting solution used is a monomer substance in the liquid or gas phase. 10 »Method according - 9» in _{<yzničαjíc:} d in that as vinyl compounds PHU ^ i ^^^ a ^ CJI especially acrylic acid, acrylamide or styrene * 11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the locally grafted polymerization is carried out simultaneously with the homogeneous grafted pdyinmaking.