CS197794B1 - Knit-bonded or warpknit fabric and method of manufacturing same - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a fabric, in the form of a weave or warp knitted fabric, formed with at least two sets of warp yarns, tows, bands, yarns of different thermal stability, or yarns, tows or yarns containing yarns of different thermal stability and or loop pile, as well as a method for making the fabric.

It is known to produce loop fabrics in the form of interlocks on interlocking machines or in the form of warp knitting on warp knitting machines. On interweaving machines, loops can be formed on a single or multilayer planar formation or on a basic warp-fly weave system by a warp thread system in a weft laying of not more than two knitting needles, always over one loop sinker. The base is fixed by another set of warp lows in chain link.

Fabrics in the form of interlocks or warp knits are also known, in which the dies are formed from the outer sections of the return weft laying without the use of special loop sinkers.

It is also known to produce loop-woven fabrics according to MALI technology,

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197 794, in which the loops are formed over the sinkers of threads which at the same time penetrate a stitch-like underlayer.

In all the mentioned technological processes, threads, tows and the like are used to form loops of various kinds of fibrous materials. The fabrics produced in this way are treated by conventional methods, such as washing, dyeing, steaming, slicing, combing and the like.

In practice, loop fabrics occur in which the loops are formed by precipitation of a coagulation component in a yarn or substrate. In this way, significant plastic effects formed from loops can be achieved.

Further, fabrics of one or more yarn sets containing fibers of different thermal stability are known which do not melt at the bonding points in the heat treatment of the yarn of lower thermal stability and limit the ductility and dimensional stability of the fabric in both directions.

Loop fabrics made according to the known manufacturing methods are suitable for the most varied uses, such as furniture fabrics, certain types of floor coverings, beachwear, etc., but their loop surface does not meet the requirements for high resistance to wear and pilling, impermeability of dust and other impurities and easy maintenance as required for eg car mats, floor coverings, residential interiors, public rooms, washable wallpaper and interior wall and exterior wall coverings, etc.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the invention to improve the properties and to eliminate the drawbacks of known looped surface textiles in a simple and economical manner by using loops, tows, tapes or yarns of different thermal stability to form loops or or the yarns comprise fibers of different thermal stability, whereupon the materials of lower thermal stability during the heat treatment melt to form a structural change in the loop surface of the fabric.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A fabric in the form of an interlock or warp knit having a warp knitted weave formed by at least two sets of warp threads, some or some of which consist of threads, tows, bands or rovings of different thermal stability, and or in which the yarns, tows or yarns contain fibers of different thermal stability to form loops and / or looped pile in regular or patterned weft laying from the outer and / or inner sections of the return weft laying between the pillars and rows of warp knitting, showing consolidated and shape stabilized loops or loop pile with non-fused fibers.

According to one aspect of the invention, the fabric can be made to be reinforced and shaped

197,794 stabilized loops and / or loop pile are included in each knitting loop stitch column, thereby forming a uniform surface, or both, or one or more of the knitting bond columns, thereby forming a relief pattern in the form of longitudinal strips.

According to another feature of the invention, loops and / or loop pile can be strengthened and shaped in each knitting weave line or both, or one or more rows of knitting weave loops, to form a plastic pattern from the cross strips.

By combining the two production processes, plastic patterns can be created in the form of various geometric patterns.

The method according to the invention consists in melting in the loops or in the pile a fraction of fibers with lower thermal stability during the heat treatment and during the heat treatment the loop fabric is simultaneously bonded to another undercoat, e.g. a softened or lightened PVC foil, and a spunbonded non-oriented fiber web, with a needled or interwoven web, and the like.

By not melting the material portion with lower thermal stability in the loops and / or loop pile, a new loop surface structure of the fabric is obtained which exhibits high abrasion and peel resistance and at the same time creates a closed, compact fabric surface to prevent dirt and dirt of all kinds. Further advantages of the invention are easy and simple maintenance and high durability of the fabric.

The novelty of the loop fabric manufacturing method is that the change in the structural surface of the loops and / or loop pile is achieved in a simple and technically unpretentious, economical manner, requiring no special chemical treatment, and consists solely of heat treatment on commonly available equipment.

In order to improve the utility and aesthetic properties, the fabric made according to the invention can be refined by various processes, such as dyeing, printing, film or transfer printing, cladding, backing coatings with dispersions of synthetic polymers or spreading with other flat textile or plastic materials.

Fabrics made according to the invention can be advantageously used wherever high demands are placed on utility properties, such as car mats, floor coverings for public and residential interiors, wallpaper and wall cladding, etc.

Loops formed from yarns, tows, tapes or rovings with different thermal stability may be formed in several ways, such as from the outer or inner sections of a regular or irregular weft laying or other knitting warp weave that intermittently creates a loop that permeates the loops may be the same or different widths.

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An exemplary embodiment of fabrics according to the invention is shown in the drawing, wherein Fig. 1 denotes a fabric in a knitted weave with reinforced loops of loops, Fig. 2 a looped fabric with loosened and loose loops, Fig. 3 4 shows a loop fabric with reinforced and non-reinforced loops in the form of longitudinal strips, and FIG. 5 a loop fabric with reinforced loop arcs and a padding sheet.

The fabric shown in FIG. 1 consists of loops 1 and a warp knitting weave 2. The loops 1 are formed from the marginal sections of a regular return weft laying of yarns and a fiber content of higher and lower thermal stability. The heat treatment melts the fibers of lower thermal stability in the loops 1 and bonds them together in the arcs 2 of the loops 1 with the fibers of higher thermal stability, thereby strengthening the loop surface of the fabric.

According to Fig. 2, the fabric consists of loops 1, f and ϊ of warp knitting weave 2. The loops 1 comprise fibers of higher and lower thermal stability. Loops 1 * only contain fibers of higher thermal stability. The heat treatment melts the fibers of lower thermal stability in the loops 1 and bonds them in the arcs J of the loops 1 of the fibers of higher thermal stability, while in the loops 1? curves X remain unpaved.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the fabric of FIG. 2 after the loops 1, 1 have been cut prior to heat treatment. The fabric consists of a loop pile 4, 4 'and a warp knitting weave 2. The loop pile 4 comprises fibers of higher and lower thermal stability, while the loop pile 4' contains fibers of only higher thermal stability. In the heat treatment, the ends of the loop pile 4 are solidified by non-melting fibers of lower thermal stability and the loop pile 4 * remains unpaved.

The fabric of FIG. 4 consists of loops 1, 1 '. The loops 1 comprise fibers of higher and lower thermal stability, while the loops 1 'comprise fibers of only higher thermal stability. The heat treatment melts the fibers of lower thermal stability in the loops 1 and sheds the fibers of the higher thermal stability in the arcs 2 of the loops 2, thereby strengthening the loops 1. The loops 1 only contain fibers of higher thermal stability, so that they remain unstretched in the bends 3 *. In this way, a fabric with longitudinal strips of reinforced loops 1 and non-reinforced loops 1 '

The fabric of Figures 1 to 4 may comprise a padding material in the form of a fleece or other sheeting not shown for clarity.

According to FIG. 5, the fabric consists of loops 1 formed of yarns of higher and lower thermal stability, which at the same time form a bonding structure 6 in the padding sheet 2. After the heat treatment, the arcs of the loops 2 are reinforced by non-melting fibers of lower thermal stability.

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Example 1

The interleaving machine presents a base web in the form of a web and transversely oriented 6.5 day viscose staple fibers with a staple length of 120 mm and a basis weight of 260 to 280 g / m. The fibrous material was dyed in the flake. The fleece is fed into the weaving device of the weaving machine, where it is weaved and at the same time the loops formed from the matched PAD and POP tows with the final titer of 3.600 days, which are fully threaded in the laying needles, are weaved.

To create a structural loop surface, an exemplary return weft laying is used with different lengths of laying under the needles in each row, where successive weft laying sections alternate with return weft laying sections. The binding warp is from PAD h 265 day in full stringing.

The resulting entanglement is rendered pasty by coating the aqueous dispersion of vinyl acetate copolymer thickened with carboxymethylcellulose to a pasty consistency. The amount of wet deposit is 520 g / m. Subsequent heat treatment of the coating on a fusing machine at 175 ° C simultaneously melts the POP fibers in the loop surface of the fabric.

The loop-shaped entanglement produced in this way is particularly suitable as a floor covering of residential interiors with excellent resistance to pilling and abrasion.

If a backing of a 1000 g / m 2 polyethylene leached nonwoven web is laminated to the reverse side of the fabric, instead of being coated with a vinyl acetate copolymer, the fabric is spatially deformable and suitable, in particular as moldable car mats.

• Example 2

The interleaving machine is provided with a base sheet in the form of a web having transversely directed PES staple fibers having a titer of 12 days and a staple length of 120 mm and a basis weight of 100-220 g / m. The web is fed to the interlocking device of the interlocking machine, where it intertwines on its surface and at the same time attaching loops formed from the 1200 mm PAD tows of 2 mm wide and 40 microns thick, which are fully threaded in the laying needles.

To create a structural loop surface, an exemplary return weft ordering is used and different lengths of laying under the needles in the individual rows, where the rivers of successive weft laying alternate with the return sections of the return weft laying. A 120 day PAD silk weave patterned in a strung pattern that alternates between the full sleeve and 1: 1 niche.

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The reverse side of the produced entanglement is coated with an acrylic ester / acrylic acid thickened copolymer coating and bonded to a paper web. Subsequent heat treatment on a tumble dryer at 170 ° C simultaneously melts a proportion of the POP tapes in the loop surface of the fabric and permanently attaches the paper backing.

The loop-shaped entanglement made in this way is particularly suitable as wallpaper and lining »

walls of residential and social areas and very good resistance to pilling and abrasion and easy maintenance by shampooing.

Example 3

The ARACHNE splitter 25 is subjected to a fiber web made of a mixture of secondary raw materials PAD / PES in a basis weight of 220 to 250 g / m 2, which is reinforced by interlocking with a chain weave. At the same time, on the interlocking machine, loops formed from the reversible edge sections of the irregular weft laying, which produce different loops heights, are entwined on the fleece surface.

For loops, the POP / PAD cable and the PAD cable with the resulting number of 3,600 days are used. The sleeve of the laying machine, which creates loops, is exemplary. There are alternately matched POP / PAD tows and PAD tows in the needles, depending on the desired effect. By the method of laying and stringing, a geometric pattern is obtained which comprises the POP / PAD and PAD tows. Bonded PAD / POP silk with a final titer of 300 days is used as the binding warp.

A foamed soft PVC paste is applied to the reverse side of the fabric.

noati 1000 g / m, which is stabilized at a temperature of 180 to 190 ° C during the subsequent heat treatment. At the same time, the proportion of POP fibers in the loop surface of the fabric is melted to form a patterned plastic pattern in the form of geometric figures.

The entanglement thus produced is particularly suitable as a floor covering with excellent resistance to pilling and abrasion.

Example 4

A single-faced warp knit with a one-sided loop surface is created on a rasp single machine with a special loop forming device. Loops are formed through special sinkers. PAD silk 120 den, POP silk 120 den is used for the base fabric backing, which is a one-face warp knit in chain-weft weave.

For loops are used smooth tows from POP fibers 1,200 days and fancy yarn from PAD fibers no. 8. The required pattern is created by pattern laying and sleeve.

After knitting, the knitted fabric is subjected to a heat treatment which melts the fibers with lower thermal stability both in the base layer of the knitted fabric and in the loops, thereby

197 794 creates a structural change in the surface of the loops and ensures the shape stability of the fabric. The fabric so produced is particularly suitable for the upholstery fabric.

Claims (5)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION 1. Woven fabrics in the form of interlocking or warp knit, having a warp knitted weave, formed by at least two sets of warp threads, some or some of which consist of threads, tows, strips or rovings of different thermal stability, or in which threads, tows or the yarns comprise fibers of different thermal stability and form loops and / or loop pile in regular or pattern weft laying from the outer and / or inner sections of the return weft laying between the columns and rows of the warp knitting bond, characterized in that the loops and / or the loop pile is reinforced and stabilized in shape by the non-melted fibers of the loop material into a plastic pattern. 2. An interwoven or warp knitted fabric as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the reinforced and shape-stabilized loops and / or loop pile are contained in each stitch column, or both, or both, or a plurality of stitch knit columns, to form a plastic pattern. longitudinal strips. ' 3. The interwoven or warp knitted fabric of claim 1, characterized in that the reinforced and shape-stabilized loops and / or loop pile are contained in each row of stitches, or both or both of the rows of stitch knitting stitches, cross strips. 4. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the loops and / or the loop pile containing fibers of different thermal stability are reinforced by melting the fiber fraction during the subsequent heat treatment and the loop the fabric is simultaneously bonded to another backing layer. 5 drawings.