WO2008092220A1

WO2008092220A1 - Process for producing compound yarns and compound yarns obtained therefrom

Info

Publication number: WO2008092220A1
Application number: PCT/BR2008/000025
Authority: WO
Inventors: Antonio Hermínio MARIN
Original assignee: Fios Têxteis H. Marin Ltda.
Priority date: 2007-01-30
Filing date: 2008-01-29
Publication date: 2008-08-07
Also published as: BRPI0704157A; BRPI0704157B1

Abstract

Comprising a process for producing compound yarns by means of interlacing threaded yarns and continuous filaments based upon injection of compressed air whereby improving the production of a compound yarn adding quantitative and production improvements to the yarn further to satisfying the extensive technical needs of the textile market.

Description

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING COMPOUND YARNS AND COMPOUND YARNS

OBTAINED THEREFROM

The present report refers to a process of compound yarn production as of interlaced of spinned yarn (cotton, viscose, wool, acrylic and several other spinned yarns) along with continuous filaments (conventional process) (polyester, polyamide and polypropylene). These processes further rely on compressed air injection, which favors the production of compound yarn, adds qualitative and productive improvements to the yarn, in addition to meeting the technical needs that cover the textile market.

As all technicians skilled in this science know, cloth is fabric based on natural, artificial or synthetic fiber yarns, which, composed of several forms, become coverage of several types, making up clothes and other clothing of several uses, such as: cover for the cold of humans and animals (clothes), covers for tables, couches, chairs, curtains, etc. for cleaning, for medicinal use, such as: strips and curatives, among others.

Natural fiber is that derived from plants, such as: cotton, kapok, jute or animal fur, etc.

Artificial fiber is that derived from plants and that, through a chemical and physical process, becomes fiber for textile use.

Fiber or filament (synthetic) of polymer is produced through a chemical reaction (synthesis), that is, plastic originated from petroleum and that, through chemical and physical processes, becomes fibers or continuous filaments for textile use.

In textile production, the yarns are used as basic elements of the fabric, being both of natural or artificial fibers, removed from plants, such as cotton, kapok, linen, ramie and/or artificial, removed from the pulp of tree trunks and from the lintier removed from the fibers stuck in cotton seeds, as continuous filament or polymer fiber (synthetic). At the present time, there are several types of fabrics in the market:

(i) the natural fabrics considered basic and classic are: cotton, wool, silk and linen (they wrinkle easily);

(ii) the artificial fabric comes from cellulosic fibers, such as: acetates, viscose, pollinosic and protein fibers, such as the silk (they wrinkle easily); (iii) the synthetic fabric (polyester, polyamides, polyacrylic, polypropylene) does not keep the body temperature; they do not absorb body humidity (they do not wrinkle); the most frequent mixed fabrics are: polyester / viscose, polyester / cotton, polyester / wool, etc., from the origin of yarns of conventional production.

Fabric can be classified as per weft / warp: (i) Plain fabrics: they are the result of the crossing in straight angle of two sets of yarns (warp and weft) that are crossed in a straight angle. The yarns arranged in the horizontal direction are called yarns of "weft" and the yarns arranged in the vertical direction are called yarns of "warp". They are divided into subclasses:

(a) Simple fabric - fabric formed by a set of warp yarns and a set of weft yarns, or (b) Composite fabric - more than one set of warp yarns and one or more sets of weft; (ii) Plushy fabric: this is composite fabric, whose surface presents whole or cut salient fluffs:

(iii) Lace or English-gyre: this fabric, in general, is very porous and the warp yarns cross with the weft, and also with other warp yarns;

(iv) Jacquard fabric: this fabric is simple or composite, presenting large prints obtained from the difference in ligaments used and/or from the use of colored yarns;

(v) Knitting: it is a textile surface, formed by the interpenetration of loops or knits that are supported laterally and vertically, derived from one or more yarns. It is divided into:

(a) Weft - this is knitted fabric obtained as of the crossing of only one yarn, and may result in an open or circular cloth, or (b) Warp - this is knitted fabric obtained as of one or more sets of yarns, placed side by side, similarly to the warp yarns in plain weaving;

(vi) Mixed: this fabric is knitted by warp or weft with lay-in periodically of one threat of weft, aiming at providing better dimensional stability to the fabric. It is also known as laid-in knit; (vii) Interweave: these are produced in knitting machines by warp, called looms and are very similar to the plain cloth, with the difference that the warp yarns are placed by knitted columns. With this fabric, one gains in production, because the speed of the loom is a lot better than that of the plain loom;

(viii) Non-woven or non-clothed: these are fabrics obtained through the interlace of layers of fibers that cling to one another by physical and/or chemical means, forming a continuous quilt. They can be: (a) felt- it is cloth resulting from the interlace of wool or similar fibers, through the combined action of mechanical agents and chemical products; or (b) veneered - it is the fabric made as of a veil of textile fibers, not felting, kept together by means of an adhesive or by the fusion of thermoplastic fibers. It presents three types: with the oriented fibers, with the crossed fibers and with the fibers arranged at random.

(ix) Special fabrics: these are the ones obtained by means of processes from which a mixed structure of plain cloth, knit and non- woven results, or even, as the result of solutions of polymers of fibers applied to the fabrics. They can be: (a) Laminated - these are structured obtained from the collage of two different fabrics or through the simple application of a chemical sealant to any one fabric, or (b) Malimo - these fabrics are named after the machine where they are produced. It is a structure obtained by superposition, with no interlace, of a layer of warp over the layer of weft and whose binding is obtained by a chain of knitted points.

(x) Films: these are not textile structures, being closer to paper texture. They are, however, produced as of solutions of textile fibers, more frequently nylon. They can be isolated or laminated with another fabric.

All types of fabrics mentioned above are obtained by means of pure or compound yarns, the latter in their different compositions, whose conventional processes of obtainment present their peculiarities.

In spite of being widely used, the conventional processes of manufacture of yarns take large amounts of water and power. In addition, this industry is quite pollutant of liquid effluents, because the fabrics go through a number of dying processes and treatment with anti-fungicidal substances.

The disadvantage present in the conventional processes of compound yarn manufacture corresponds to the fact of being necessary the production of a large amount of only one yarn, limiting the possibilities of creation of new products.

Another disadvantage present in the conventional processes of manufacturing of compound yarns corresponds to the fact that the fibers produced having the possibility of presenting piling, that is, formation of little pellets.

Although there is polyester fiber, whose construction in the format of cells has anti- piling treatment, which avoids the formation of little pellets, this is very expensive, which does not offer any benefit for the process.

It is, then, one of the objectives of the present invention to provide a process of production of mixed threats as of yarn interlacing, based on the injection of compressed air which enables the temperature of fixation of the fabrics to be a lot lower than the conventional one.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a production process of compound yarns that adds new qualitative and productive characteristics to the compound yarn.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a production process of compound yarns that enable the use in warp without the process of starching with fine progress at the loom.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a production process of compound yarns that enables the manufacture of a product interlaced with filament that does not permit piling on the cloth. Another objective of the present invention is to provide a process of production of compound yarns that makes it possible to construct fabrics soft to the touch and without the use of subsequent processes of chemical finishing resulting in lower cost and less aggression to the environment.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a process of production of compound yarns that increases the resistance of the yarns in warp avoiding starching. Another objective of the present invention is to provide a production process of compound yarns that enables the construction of fabrics that wrinkle less and that the little it can be wrinkled can be recovered quite fast.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a process of production of compound yarns that makes it possible to have a very large combination of different types of mixtures, while this mixture can be quite creative, in addition to proposing a large variety of types of filamented yarns combined with woven yarns.

One advantage of this process of the present invention is to provide a production process of compound yarns that is executed at ambient temperature without the need of air conditioning. These and other objectives and advantages of the present invention are reached through a process of production of compound yarns based on the pressure that the compressed air exercises on the yarns at the time of their passage through the injector nozzle, creating a intricacy of filaments around and over the woven yarn, consequently creating points of "weld" of the filaments involved, adding resistance to the yarn and, therefore, replacing the twisting for use in war without starching and making a perfect commixture.

Patent PI 930746406 relates to a method of manufacture of textile yarn and yarn obtained that includes a method to manufacture a textile yarn including two filamentous yarns together, through a jet device, which mixes the filaments of the yarns and then submits the dappled yarns to a stretching process, in which at least one of the yarns is stretched to one stable state of stretching. The textile yam obtained by the referred to method presents a sewing line.

The obvious difference between the petition for patent in questions and the patent described above corresponds to the fact that the patent that has already been granted manufactures a textile yarn involving only two filamentous yarns, while the present patent petition, described herein, enables a very large combination of different types of mixtures, in addition to proposing a large variety of types of filamented yarns combined with woven yarns. In addition, the patent petition in question relates to a process that uses pressure from compressed air to create an intricacy of the filaments, creating points of "weld" of the filaments involved.

Below, the present invention will be represented by a schematic drawing of the manufacturing process of compound yarns.

In accordance with figure 1, the production process of compound yarns is started with the specification of the type of yarns that one wishes to manufacture, that is, the different gramature that one wishes to obtain. In this choice, one should always use cotton or viscose, which creates a few points of physical connection with the filaments that remain firm.

As an example, the supports A, B, C and D can be carried by filaments of polyester or polyamide while the support E is carried with cotton or any other woven yarn.

After that, according to the specification, the yarns are taken to the machine and placed in conical supports, being then passed through the yarn-guides, tensors, placing the parallel cables in the orifice of the injector nozzle.

Subsequently, one connects the compressor that injects the compressed air into the line that feeds the injector nozzles; in the pressure regular, which is at the beginning and at the end of the line in the machine. Calibration of the required pressure for this yarn is performed, which can vary, preferably, from 4 to 6.5 Bar so as to enable the filaments to create interlaced points, which result in points of welding, which remain the same after the fabric is made and the piece is manufactured.

After adjusting the pressure, one opens the air that goes through the nozzles, through which the yarns are pulled manually going through the air. After that, one closes the air and these meters of yarn are examined, when one checks on the closing of the stitches. If everything is OK, the fuse is connected and the operation is already under way. And thus, it is done, fuse by fuse. The speed of winding varies depending on the machine and/or product to be produced and goes from 130 to 280 m / minute. With the compound yarns produced, one can obtain several types of fabrics: denim, warp and weft. Warp consists mainly in interlaced yarns (polyester filament + cotton), while weft is made only of one single type of yarn, such as cotton, for instance.

The fabric that leaves the tree must be prepared to be printed with transfer or then dyed with scattered dyes.

In spite of having been described and illustrated a preferred concept of this solution, it is worth highlighting that other solutions are possible to be performed and the scope of the present invention will not be affected.

Claims

1. Process for producing compound yarns, characterized in that it includes the stages of: (i) specify the different gram that one wishes to obtain, taking into consideration that one of the yarns must be necessarily fϊlamented (Polyester or Polyamide) and the woven yarns (cotton or viscose or wool or acrylic) or any conventional yarn; (ii) after that, take the yarns to the machine and place them in conical supports, passing the same through the yarn-guides, tensors, placing the parallel cables in the orifice of the injector nozzle; (iii) subsequently, turn on the compressor that injects the compressed air in the line that feeds the injector nozzles; in the pressure regulator that is at the beginning and end of the machine, making the calibration of the pressure necessary for this yarn, which varies from 3 to 8 Bar; (iv) open the air that goes through the nozzles and pull the yarns manually passing through the air; close the air and examine these meters of yarns, checking at to the closing of the points; (v) being in agreement with what one wants, turn on the fuse and the operation is already under way.

2. Process for producing compound yarns, in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the speed of winding varies depending on the machine and/or product to be produced, varying from 130 to 280 m / minute.

3. Process for producing compound yarns, in accordance with any one of the claims above, characterized in that the process takes place at ambient temperature without the need of air conditioning.

4. Process for producing compound yarns, in accordance with any one of the claims above, characterized in that it enables the very large combination of different types of mixtures, in addition to proposing a large variety of types of fϊlamented yarns combined with woven yarns.

5. Compound yarns, obtained from process described in previous claims, characterized in that this interlaced product with filament generating a fabric free from piling.

6. Compound yarns, in accordance with claim 5, characterized by presenting soft touch and without the use of subsequent process of chemical finishing.

7. Compound yarns, in accordance with claim 5, characterized in that they increase the resistance of the warp yarns.

8. Compound yarns, in accordance with claim 5, characterized by enabling the construction of fabrics that do not wrinkle easily.

9. Compound yarns, in accordance with any one of claims from 1 to 8, characterized in that the compound yarns produced originate fabrics such as denim, warp and weft.