CN87205993U - The counter-type weight adding mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the improvement of a counterweight loading mechanism. Hanging mechanisms are arranged in the centre holes of counterweights which are superposed up and down. The utility model is formed by that serving trays of the counterweights which have the same quantity with the counterweights are coated on a mandrel, and each serving tray is provided with a rotating disk. When the rotating disk clockwise rotates, the serving tray of the counterweight is driven from top to bottom in sequence to achieve loading; when the rotating disk counterclockwise rotates, unloading is achieved. The counterweight loading mechanism of the utility model need not manhandle the counterweights, which has the advantages of safety, labour saving, simple structure, low cost, convenience for spread and use. The precision of loading force value is high, and can reach +-0.3Z% to +-0.1%; the selecting range of force value is large, and can regulate in the 50 counterweights.

Description

The counter-type weight adding mechanism

The present invention is the improvement to counterweight loading mechanism.

In existing counterweight loading system, counterweight is very general by lever reproduction power value.Its shortcoming is that power value precision is not high, be generally ± 1%, and test all must be moved counterweight by manpower at every turn, and the Ji effort is dangerous again.In the loading system of reference load calibration machine, as homemade BZC600 type, EE type secondary force measuring machine, to use electronic adding instead and unload counterweight, counterweight can directly or by lever, oil cylinder reappear the power value indirectly, its power value permissible error is ± 0.1%, and has overcome manpower and add the shortcoming of unloading counterweight.But force measuring machine must be equipped with electrohydraulic system, complex structure, and the manufacturing accuracy height increases cost, simultaneously the corresponding raising of Operation and Maintenance difficulty of equipment.This loading mode is only limited to the loading system of proof force value, can not widespread use in material test and measurement technology.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of must manpower transport's counterweight and simple in structure, the novel counterweight loading mechanism of being convenient to promote.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing basic structure of the present invention and embodiment are elaborated.

Fig. 1 is counter counterweight loading mechanism structure figure.

Fig. 2 is the vertical view of pallet (4).

Fig. 3 is the vertical view of counterweight (2) center pit.

Fig. 4 is the pallet vertical view that has elevating mechanism.

Fig. 5 is Fig. 4 k-k profile stretch-out view.

Fig. 6 is the loading system synoptic diagram that has counter counterweight loading mechanism.

Basic structure of the present invention is seen accompanying drawing 1.Axle (1) and a string stacked counterweight (2) up and down of a lifting counterweight (2) are arranged, and the quantity of counterweight can reach 50, and there is a stepped hole that size is unified at the center of every counterweight, and the hole of its minor diameter up.Uniform at least 3 breach (3) on the circumference in this hole, Fig. 3 provides the counterweight center hole shape with 4 breach, the breach of the counterweight that all are stacked aligns mutually, make the counterweight string in be formed centrally an axial cavity that radial indentation is arranged.Axle (1) is positioned at the center of this cavity.A rotary pallet (4) is arranged in the stepped hole of each counterweight, the protrusion (5) that is uniformly distributed along the circumference is arranged on its excircle, its quantity is identical with breach number on the counterweight stepped hole, and its size is littler than breach.Protrusion (5) is positioned at the large diameter hole of counterweight stepped hole, and keeps certain interval between the counterweight, can rotate in this hole.When protrusion (5) and breach (3) to timing, pallet can be walked up and down at the counterweight center; When protrusion (5) and breach (3) when stagger in the position, pallet is up can to hold up counterweight.The center of pallet is porose, and all pallets all are enclosed within on the axle (1), and the axle bottom has chassis (14) to hold whole pallets, and the top of axle has rotating disk (8) to link to each other with uppermost pallet, thereby axle can be with all, and pallet moves up and down.On initial position, the protrusion of pallet aligns mutually and aligns with breach in the counterweight, and at this moment axle rises and can not hold up any counterweight; When the protrusion of certain one-level pallet and breach dislocation, this pallet is held this grade counterweight, and this moment, the above counterweight load of this grade counterweight just was added on the axle certainly if axle rises.The rotation of pallet is driven by rotating disk (8).Rotating disk (8) is fixed together with the 1st grade of pallet (being uppermost pallet), from the 1st grade to afterbody, have between the adjacent pallet and transmit the device that rotates, this device is delivered to any one-level pallet in turn with the rotation stepping from top to bottom ground of rotating disk (8).The most basic part of this device is a sliding pin (9), and the realization of transfer function simultaneously is relevant with the structure of pallet, and Fig. 2 illustrates the structure of pallet.A groove (6) and a pin-and-hole (7) that axially connects are arranged on the pallet, and sliding pin (9) is inserted in the pin-and-hole (7) and can slides up and down.The lower end of the sliding pin (9) in the pin-and-hole (7) is stretched in the groove of next stage pallet.Driving sliding pin (9) when pallet rotates rotates in the groove (6) of next stage pallet.If pallet rotates counterclockwise, sliding pin (9) is subjected to stopping of recess edge when forwarding the counterclockwise extreme position of next stage pallet groove to, and this edge is defined as the initial line that rises of groove, and the position a at the central point place of sliding pin this moment (9) is defined as the starting point of groove; If pallet clockwise rotates, sliding pin (9) will be subjected to stopping of another edge turn over an angle in groove after, and this edge is defined as the termination limit of groove, and the position b at the central point place of sliding pin this moment (9) is defined as the terminal point of groove.The folded central angle θ of the starting point a of groove and terminal point b is adjacent two pallets maximum angles in relative rotation.On initial position, all sliding pins (9) all are positioned at the starting point a of groove (6), the pallet that drives below the first order pallet A1(when rotating disk (8) is called A2 in turn, A3 ...) clockwise rotate the θ angle after, the following counterweight of the protrusion of A1 (5) and first counterweight G1(is called G2, G3 in turn ...) breach stagger, simultaneously the θ angle of dallying in the groove of A2 of the sliding pin in the A1 pin-and-hole forwards terminal point b to, this moment, first counterweight G1 was hung on the A1 if promote axle (1).When rotating disk (8) turns over the θ angle again, A2 is promoted to rotate the θ angle by the sliding pin of A1, simultaneously the sliding pin of the A2 θ angle of dallying in the groove of A3 arrives the terminal point b of this groove, the breach of the protrusion of A2 and G2 dislocation at this moment, and axle (1) is if rising can be hung up two counterweights.This shows that rotating disk (8) is when clockwise rotating, revolution is crossed the θ angle just a pallet and counterweight dislocation, promptly hangs the lastblock counterweight, rotates between pallet from top to bottom one-level one-level ground step-by-step movement and transmits in turn, and the step-length in per step equals the θ angle.In general, hang up several counterweights, only need that rotating disk (8) is rotated several θ angle and get final product.When resetting,, lay down whole counterweight load as long as can restPose the several θ of rotating disk (8) backwards rotation angle.

In actual use, load is often adjusted, require the off-load one by one from the bottom up of off-load process, i.e. the transmission of pallet rotation should be carried out from the bottom to top successively, for this reason, a lockhole (10) that axially connects is arranged on the pallet (4), an elevating mechanism that is connected with sliding pin (9) is arranged in the groove (6), when sliding pin when the starting point a of groove forwards terminal point b to, elevating mechanism inserts in the lockhole of upper level pallet the upper end of sliding pin, this grade pallet is locked mutually with the upper level pallet, be equivalent to an integral body.After for example A2 turns over the θ angle clockwise, insert in the lockhole of A1 under the elevating mechanism of the sliding pin of A2 in the A3 groove promotes, A1A2 is locked mutually becomes integral body.In general, if rotating disk (8) turns over n θ angle clockwise, make n level pallet change the θ angle, this grade sliding pin inserts in the lockhole of (n-1) level pallet, because the sliding pin of each pallet more than this grade pallet has inserted in the lockhole of upper level pallet, so form integral body from n the pallet interlocking of A1 to An.When off-load, the reverse commentaries on classics of rotating disk θ angle drives A1～An and reverses the θ angle simultaneously, the sliding pin of An goes back to a point by the b point in the groove of An+1, the lockhole (10) that elevating mechanism makes sliding pin decline break away from An-1, so An resets and untie interlocked relationship with An-1, this moment, n piece counterweight Gn was by off-load.Rotating disk another mistake is changeed the θ angle, and n-1 piece counterweight is so gone down by off-load, and after rotating disk reversed n θ angle, all counterweight was by off-load, and initial position recovers in loading mechanism.So just realized pallet off-load transmittance process from the bottom to top.

Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 have shown the elevating mechanism in the groove, and it comprises that one is fixed on groove Zhong De Change to a part (11) and a connecting pin (12), and reversing piece (11) is an arc that has inclination elongated slot (15), and Fig. 5 is its stretch-out view.There is groove the lower end of sliding pin (9), is fork-shaped, and the skewed slot (15) that connecting pin (12) passes on the arc links to each other the sliding pin lower end with arc (11), moves up and down along skewed slot (15) simultaneously when sliding pin rotates.Except that first order pallet A1, all fluted (6) and sliding pin elevating mechanism on other pallet and chassis (14).

In order to guarantee that sliding pin inserts lockhole exactly, the structure of pallet must meet the following conditions, first, the folded central angle θ of the starting point a of groove and terminal point b should equal lockhole center d and the folded central angle of groove starting point a, the second, the starting point point a of pin-and-hole center c and groove is with respect to pallet center symmetry (referring to Fig. 2).When assembling tray, 180 ° of the phase phasic differences of adjacent two pallets, on initial position, the phase place of the lockhole of arbitrary grade of pallet (10) is pin-and-hole (7) the θ angle of leading next stage pallet all, after arbitrary grade of pallet turns over the θ angle clockwise, lockhole above it (10) pin-and-hole (7) lucky and subordinate's pallet aligns, thereby after subordinate's pallet also turned over the θ angle clockwise, its sliding pin (9) can insert in the lockhole (10) of higher level's pallet exactly.

In order to make pallet hold up counterweight reliably, the θ angle can not be too little, and it at least should be greater than 2 times of counterweight breach central angle alpha (referring to Fig. 3), and the θ angle should be the approximate number of angle of circumference 2 π.

The pallet that has a lockhole (10) has following requirement to the position of protrusion (5) on its circumference, be that protrusion is with respect to the pallet diameter symmetry of crossing 2 of ac, its objective is that protrusion still aligns mutually when guaranteeing 180 ° of two pallet phase phasic differences.Preferably make the quantity of protrusion this moment is 4.

For technologic convenience, between each pallet (4) and axle (1), an axle sleeve (13) is arranged, it is fixed on the axle (1), can be with pin or screw retention, it has the profile of step circle, adapts therewith, and the center pit of pallet also is a stepped hole, the height of axle sleeve (13) is slightly larger than the height of pallet, makes to keep certain clearance between the pallet.Initial position for the ease of the centering pallet, between pallet and axle sleeve, locating device is arranged, it is a point positioning device, a radial hole is arranged on pallet, positioning bead, spring and screw plug are wherein arranged, corresponding positions at axle sleeve is equipped with a pilot hole, and when positioning bead entered pilot hole, pallet was in initial position.Make each pallet on axle (1) strong point be arranged all after axle sleeve is installed, counterweight load goes up evenly in axle (1) and distributes during loading.

Rotational angle for ease of control rotating disk (8) has a multiple spot dividing apparatus with the angle of circumference five equilibrium between rotating disk and axle, each minute of angle is the θ degree, promptly equals the starting point a and the folded central angle of terminal point b of groove (6).Among the given embodiment of accompanying drawing, selecting the θ angle is 45 °, and then above-mentioned minute of angle also is 45 °, has 8 anchor points along circumference, and the form that detent mechanism still can adopt the elasticity positioning bead to add pilot hole constitutes.

Between pallet and the axle sleeve ball bearing can be installed, make sliding friction become rolling friction.Experiment shows, bearing is installed after, tray number still can flexibility and reliability ground transmission nearly 50 the time.

The advantage of weight adding mechanism of the present invention is:

1. do not need manpower to move counterweight, safety labor-saving;

2. realize counterweight loading adjusting by the reversible counting mechanism, accurately easy, reliable;

3. during with the direct loading of this law, power value precision depends on the precision of counterweight quality, generally can reach ± 0.3～± 0.1%, therefore adopt the dynamometric system of this loading device to can be used as proof force value benchmark;

4. simple in structure, do not use electrohydraulic system, thus with low cost, be convenient to promote the use of;

5. power value range of choice is big, can regulate in 50 counterweights.

Fig. 6 is the loading system schematic diagram with adding mechanism of the present invention. (17) be that travelling gear is paid, (18) are counters, and (19) are the loading handwheels, and (20) are test specimens, and (21) are the lifting handwheels, and (16) are lifting mechanisms. During work, swinging handle (19) clockwise rotates rotating disk (8), counter (18) whenever turns over minute of angle postscript one number at rotating disk, register just can record by the counterweight number of loading like this, after being added to predetermined counterweight number, crank handle (21) lifting axle (1), counterweight load just are added on the test specimen (20). Put down earlier axle (1) during off-load, the wheel (19) of shaking the hand again rotates counterclockwise rotating disk and gets final product.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of counter counterweight loading mechanism comprises it is characterized in that the axle (1) of lifting counterweight (2),

(1) there is a stepped hole that size is unified at the center of counterweight (2), has 3 breach (3) on the circumference of minor diameter at least, and breach is uniformly distributed along the circumference, and all counterweights are stacked up and down, and breach aligns mutually;

(2) a rotating pallet (4) is arranged in the stepped hole of each counterweight, on pallet (4) excircle protrusion (5) is arranged, protrusion is uniformly distributed along the circumference, its quantity is identical with breach number on the counterweight stepped hole, its size is littler than breach, a groove (6) and a pin-and-hole (7) that axially connects are arranged on the pallet;

(3) all pallets all are enclosed within on the axle (1), and uppermost pallet links to each other with a rotating disk (8), and a sliding pin (9) is arranged in the pin-and-hole (7), and its lower end is stretched in the groove of next stage pallet.

According to the counterweight loading mechanism of claim 1, it is characterized in that 2, a lockhole (10) that axially connects is arranged on the pallet (4), an elevating mechanism that is connected with sliding pin (9) is arranged in the groove (6).

According to the counterweight loading mechanism of claim 2, it is characterized in that 3, elevating mechanism comprises a connecting pin (12) and a reversing piece (11) that is fixed in the groove, it is an arc that has the inclination elongated slot.

According to the counterweight loading mechanism of claim 3, it is characterized in that 4, the structure of pallet (4) meets the following conditions.

(1) the folded central angle θ of the starting point a of groove and terminal point b is at least greater than the twice of counterweight breach central angle alpha,

(2) the starting point a of pin-and-hole center C and groove is with respect to pallet center symmetry,

(3) the folded central angle of lockhole center d and groove starting point a equals θ.

5, according to one of them counterweight loading mechanism of claim 1.2.3.4., it is characterized in that, between each pallet (4) and the axle (1) axle sleeve (13) is arranged, it has the profile of step circle, be fixed on the axle (1), it highly is slightly larger than the height of pallet, between pallet and axle sleeve locating device is arranged.

According to the counterweight loading mechanism of claim 5, it is characterized in that 6, it is the dividing apparatus of θ that a minute of angle is arranged between rotating disk (8) and the axle (1).

7, according to the counterweight loading mechanism of claim 6, it is characterized in that between pallet and the axle sleeve bearing being arranged.

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