CN87103137A - 压缩机的润滑和降低噪音系统 - Google Patents

压缩机的润滑和降低噪音系统 Download PDF

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CN87103137A
CN87103137A CN87103137.XA CN87103137A CN87103137A CN 87103137 A CN87103137 A CN 87103137A CN 87103137 A CN87103137 A CN 87103137A CN 87103137 A CN87103137 A CN 87103137A
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mentioned
oil
impeller
bent axle
noise
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CN1004570B (zh
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雅各布·阿布多·贝尤克
马克斯·保罗·瓦塞尔
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Carrier Corp
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Carrier Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • F04C29/028—Means for improving or restricting lubricant flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02—Lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02—Lubrication
    • F04B39/0223—Lubrication characterised by the compressor type
    • F04B39/023—Hermetic compressors
    • F04B39/0238—Hermetic compressors with oil distribution channels
    • F04B39/0246—Hermetic compressors with oil distribution channels in the rotating shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N7/00—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated
    • F16N7/36—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated with feed by pumping action of the member to be lubricated or of a shaft of the machine; Centrifugal lubrication
    • F16N7/366—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated with feed by pumping action of the member to be lubricated or of a shaft of the machine; Centrifugal lubrication with feed by pumping action of a vertical shaft of the machine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N2210/00—Applications
    • F16N2210/10—Refrigerators

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Abstract

本发明借助防止稳定旋涡的形成，而避免了润滑油吸油管进口不被淹没。而达到阻止稳定旋涡的形成的预防措施，是借助将叶轮的叶片制成轴向不对称并最少超过一个最小临界值。

Description

在封闭式压缩机中，润滑泵从油槽抽吸润滑油，为压缩机提供润滑。众所周知，如果油槽内的油形成泡沫状，那会减小设备的噪音。因此，一个叶片状的叶轮被安置在润滑油吸油管上，以使泡沫产生。叶片的存在，减小了抽取的油量，有时，还会由于润滑不充分，使设备损坏。不充分润滑的明显原因，是由于润滑泵进口中心形成旋涡，它可使吸油管的端部不被油淹盖，致使油供应中断。
力的对称，产生旋涡和使旋涡稳定，可选用一个不对称的叶轮结构来干扰之。但是，这种不对称性，至少必须在轴向上局部地不对称，而并非只是径向上不对称。为了在启动和稳定阶段操作过程，获得良好的性能，轴向的不对称量必须超过一个临界值，这个临界值取决于设计的规格。为实现不对称性，可把叶片相对于吸油管的轴线弄斜或弄弯。换句话说，或补充地说，叶片结构可被弯曲，以造成或增加不对称性。对于直径为3.50厘米的叶轮，为达到满意的吸油性能，轴向的不对称量最小值被确定为0.10厘米至0.13厘米。轴向不对称量的进一步增加，升至大约为0.25厘米时，吸油性能一般来说是相同的。该数值是组合件不发生弯曲的极限值。
将一个叶片弯曲，而另一个叶片是水平地安置时，这增加了弯曲叶片的半径，同时增加了其垂直的位移，以上增加了泡沫的产生，并因此减小了设备的噪音。采用本发明的教导，得到润滑油流量是无叶片或叶轮时实现的润滑油流量的百分之八十二。
本发明的一个目的是，使用一个叶轮搅动油槽时，改进油泵的吸油量。
本发明的另一个目的是，防止稳定旋涡的形成。这些目的，以及随后变得明显的目的，由本发明来完成。
最基本的是，把叶轮安放于润滑油吸油管上，并使叶轮相对于吸油管旋转轴线是不对称的。另外，上述不对称性相对于吸油管旋转轴线来说，至少是部分地轴向不对称。
为了更充分地了解本发明，现请参考下文中结合附图的详细说明内容。
图1是一个带有单级离心油泵和对称叶轮的封闭式制冷压缩机一个垂直轴的润滑系统的剖面图;
图2是图1中叶轮第一种变型的视图，叶轮安装在吸油管上，并对称地弯曲来增加叶轮的半径;
图3是图1中叶轮以角度α安装在吸油管上的视图;
图4是图1中叶轮第二种变型的视图，其内叶轮的一个叶片已被局部地切断，以减小它的半径;
图5是图1中叶轮第三种变型的视图，一个叶片相对于另一个叶片，作轴向地和径向地位移而不对称地弯曲;
图6是图1-5中叶轮的流量（加仑/秒）对油槽温度（°F）的关系曲线图。
在图1中，标号10总地标志一个曲轴，它由止推板30垂直地支撑，并由一个马达（未图示）以角速度ω围绕一个轴线可旋转地驱动。吸油管40压配在曲轴10的孔12内，和曲轴10的旋转轴线同轴，并穿过此推板30延伸至油槽油面50的下面。吸油管40有一个进口42，与孔44连通，用于从油槽往孔12排放润滑油。在孔12处，离心力引导润滑油径向地往外进入径向孔14，以排放至需要润滑的部分，与这同时已分离的被卷入的制冷剂气体穿过径向孔16排出。一个具有叶片61和62的叶轮60压配在吸油管40上，并且是在油槽的静止油面50的下面。如图1所示，叶轮60对称地安置在吸油管40上面，曲轴10、吸油管40和叶轮60的旋转，好似一个组合件，结果抽吸了数量不够的润滑油，如图6中曲线A所显示。
图1中的叶轮60的直径是3.23厘米。
当叶轮60的叶片61和62，如图2所示那样对称地沿径向往外弯曲时，形成一个直径增加的变型叶轮160。叶轮的直径增加至3.50厘米，抽取的润滑油量仍然是不足够的，这如图6的曲线B所表示。
当图1的叶轮被安装在吸油管40上面，如图3所示那样，使叶轮60由对称的状态。而相对吸油管40的旋转轴线倾斜一个角度α时，抽吸效果取决于角度α是否等于或大于一个临界角度。参看图6，曲线C、D和E，分别表示角度是1.75°、3.5°和5.25°时抽吸的润滑油数量。可以从图6中轻易地看出，在1.75°和3.5°之间，润滑油流量从不足变为满足，并且对于所采用的直径为3.23厘米的叶轮，临界轴向位移量要求是0.1至0.13厘米。
如果将叶片62的一部分除去，而使图1中的叶轮60变为图4中的叶轮260，使叶片61仍具有1.61厘米的半径，而叶片62具有1.38厘米的半径，结果润滑油的流量是不足够的，这如图6中的曲线F所示。
如果将叶片61和62径向地往外弯曲而将叶片61的半径增加至1.71厘米并将叶片62的半径增加至1.79厘米，而使图1中的叶轮60变为图5中的叶轮360，造成了轴向不对称，同时也造成了径向不对称。如图6中曲线G所显示，润滑油流量是满足的。
从上文可以注意到，流量可以轻易分为两种相似的形式，分别是不足的和满足的。另外，还可注意到单独的径向不对称和不足的轴向不对称将产生不足够的润滑油流量，而只有在轴向不对称量大于一个临界值时，才产生满足的润滑油流量。
虽然本发明的最佳实施例已加以介绍和叙述，但其他变型仍可由本领域的专业人士实施完成。因此欲声明，本发明只受随后的权利要求的范围所限制。

Claims (5)

1、一种油润滑和噪声消音系统，其特征是包括：一个油槽；一个曲轴可旋转地围绕一个轴线，并限定了一个离心油泵；一条吸油管，延伸至上述油槽内，并固定在上述曲轴上和上述轴线共轴，还和上述曲轴一起作为一个组合件，可围绕上述轴线旋转；一个叶轮向不对称地安装在上述油泵内的上述吸油管上，借助于上述曲轴、上述润滑油吸油管和上述叶轮作为一个组合件的转动，造成泡沫的产生和润滑油的抽吸，同时防止稳定旋涡的产生。
2、根据权利要求1的油润滑和噪声消音系统，其特征是上述叶轮有附加的径向不对称性。
3、根据权利要求1的油润滑和噪声消音系统，其特征是上述轴向不对称大于1.75°。
4、一个油润滑和噪声消音系统，含有一个限定一个离心油泵的曲轴和一个润滑油吸油管，其特征在于包括有一个叶轮，轴向不对称地安装在上吸油管上，借助于上述曲轴、上述吸油管和上述叶轮作为一个组合件的转动，造成泡沫的产生和润滑油的抽吸，而不会产生稳定的旋涡。
5、根据权利要求4的油润滑和噪声消音系统，其特征是上述轴向不对称大于1.75°。
CN87103137.XA 1986-04-28 1987-04-25 压缩机的润滑和降低噪音系统 Expired CN1004570B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/856,886 US4750864A (en) 1986-04-28 1986-04-28 Compressor lubrication and noise reduction system
US856,886 1986-04-28

Publications (2)

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CN87103137A true CN87103137A (zh) 1987-11-04
CN1004570B CN1004570B (zh) 1989-06-21

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US (1) US4750864A (zh)
JP (1) JPS62261680A (zh)
KR (1) KR900003713B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1004570B (zh)
BR (1) BR8702023A (zh)
DK (1) DK211687A (zh)
FR (1) FR2597930B1 (zh)
IN (1) IN167356B (zh)
IT (1) IT1203966B (zh)

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CN102439315A (zh) * 2009-05-22 2012-05-02 阿塞里克股份有限公司 具有增强的润滑效力的封闭式压缩机
CN108561313A (zh) * 2018-03-22 2018-09-21 广州万宝集团压缩机有限公司 一种压缩机稳定供油装置及涡旋压缩机
CN117345642A (zh) * 2023-12-05 2024-01-05 珠海凌达压缩机有限公司 一种转子压缩机及其消音器结构

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102439315A (zh) * 2009-05-22 2012-05-02 阿塞里克股份有限公司 具有增强的润滑效力的封闭式压缩机
CN108561313A (zh) * 2018-03-22 2018-09-21 广州万宝集团压缩机有限公司 一种压缩机稳定供油装置及涡旋压缩机
CN117345642A (zh) * 2023-12-05 2024-01-05 珠海凌达压缩机有限公司 一种转子压缩机及其消音器结构
CN117345642B (zh) * 2023-12-05 2024-03-15 珠海凌达压缩机有限公司 一种转子压缩机及其消音器结构

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Publication number Publication date
DK211687D0 (da) 1987-04-27
DK211687A (da) 1987-10-29
JPH0219310B2 (zh) 1990-05-01
BR8702023A (pt) 1988-02-09
IT8720250A0 (it) 1987-04-24
CN1004570B (zh) 1989-06-21
US4750864A (en) 1988-06-14
FR2597930B1 (fr) 1992-12-24
IT1203966B (it) 1989-02-23
FR2597930A1 (fr) 1987-10-30
KR900003713B1 (ko) 1990-05-30
JPS62261680A (ja) 1987-11-13
KR870010317A (ko) 1987-11-30
IN167356B (zh) 1990-10-13

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