CN87102333A - Direct Steel Process - Google Patents
Direct Steel Process Download PDFInfo
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- CN87102333A CN87102333A CN 87102333 CN87102333A CN87102333A CN 87102333 A CN87102333 A CN 87102333A CN 87102333 CN87102333 CN 87102333 CN 87102333 A CN87102333 A CN 87102333A CN 87102333 A CN87102333 A CN 87102333A
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Abstract
A kind of improved iron and steel production method, it replaces furnace charge in bulk with the integral blocks material, replaces coke with coal, makes in the smelting process, and the reproducibility between furnace charge and the contradiction between the gas permeability are solved, and can artificially regulate in advance its relation, have accelerated smelting process.The present invention has changed traditional metal smelt technology, the ironmaking in the iron and steel production and steel-making two procedures is combined into a step, thereby has reduced heat exhaustion, has shortened the production cycle, has reduced cost, and lean ore and impure high inferior ore deposit all can enter stove.It is little that this method also makes the furnace wall ablate, furnace life life.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of improved steelmaking process,, belong to the technical field of smelting of iron and steel particularly by the small-sized smelting furnace metal smelting method of ore primary smelting Cheng Gang.
Now, the technology of general steel-making all is earlier coal to be smelt coke, again take coke as exothermic mixture, reducing agent, ore is smelted into iron with sintering deposit (or pellet), through steel making working procedure iron is smelted into steel again.According to this traditional handicraft, raw material will pass through the heating for multiple times cooling procedure, consumes a lot of coke, wastes a large amount of heat energy.Simultaneously, concerning common smelting technology, furnace charge is in bulk, exists contradiction between the ventilation property of furnace charge and the reductibility.When ore grain size is too small or inhomogeneous, with worsening the gas permeability of stock column, cause blast wandering; Granularity is excessive, and good permeability can reduce reduction rate again, increases coke ratio.And, since be balk cargo, be accompanied by the decline of furnace charge, furnace charge skewness or " scaffold " phenomenon can take place; Perhaps owing to air blast skewness, appearance " channel " phenomenon.And the gas velocity at place, furnace wall is higher than the gas velocity of center, and it is serious to be ablated in the furnace wall.
The objective of the invention is traditional mineral aggregate in bulk is improved to whole mineral aggregate, controlled, regulate the ventilation property of stock column and the contradiction between the reductibility artificially so that the distribution of furnace charge can be given earlier.This just can cancel the coking process that disappears, and directly uses coal dust to replace.Greatly shorten ironmaking, make steel the whole production cycle, improve heat utilization ratio, reduce cost.
The objective of the invention is to realize as follows.With smelting the raw material match, comprise that Iron Ore Powder, fuel, flux etc. are ground into powder, make cellular block of material, reinforced being the monoblock piece material smelting furnace of packing into makes the levels hole aim at the hole, with the assurance air-flow from unimpeded to furnace roof of furnace bottom.Owing to use cellular block of material, necessary reductibility and permeability require all can be guaranteed in the smelting process.Therefore, can be easy to use the coal coke for replacing.
Below in detail the present invention's method will be described in detail as an example of small-sized smelting furnace example.
Anthracite (or bituminous coal, can certainly utilize coke) and iron ore pulverized be the particle of 0.1-1 millimeter, then with flux, namely pulverized limestone and dolomite dust are mixed thoroughly, make cellular block of material with the honeycomb machine.It is 1.2-1.5 that this material requires basicity, and coal is heavy: breeze is heavy=and 1: 3-6, add water 10-30%, piece material intensity is 15-60kgf/cm
2, after making, airing or dry for standby.
This block of material packed in the smelting furnace, and Kong Yukong aims at, feed complete after, ignite with a small amount of coke, so that the high furnace temperature of Quick.The piece material only needs uniform descent to get final product at the continuous material of stove top in whole production process.Stove layer in the smelting process is distributed as, and secondly the superiors are sintered layer for giving thermosphere, are reducing zone once more, and orlop was thermal oxide layer.In giving thermosphere, the honeycomb material is given heat, evaporate residual moisture, after the piece material drops to sinter layer, because coal dust and iron ore powder granularity are little, contact area is big, gives rapidly hot coal powder and ore by the CO gas and the hot-air that rise on the material hole, and to carry out direct reduction reactor be that coal direct-reduction iron ore is FeO and indirect reduction reaction, and namely the CO reducing iron ore is Fe
3O
4FeO.Since the material granularity little, relative decrease the micropore diffusional resistance, add the material hole in gas flow rate big, formation high turbulences, relatively increased gas diffusion velocity, so reaction speed is very fast.After sintering feed further dropped to reducing zone, then sintering deposit further was reduced to iron, and iron and bits are molten simultaneously is liquid, dirty along the material hole.In the process that molten iron falls, be subjected to the fierceness blowing that the hole includes the oxygen thermal current in the material hole, play decarburization, desulfurization, the effect of dephosphorization.So each material hole just is equivalent to a little converter.Be exactly in the same material, sintering, reduced iron, decarburization, desulfurization, dephosphorization exist simultaneously.In the material hole, what molten iron carried out is the oxidation steel-making reaction of decarburization, desulfurization, dephosphorization: at material bore edges place, what carry out is the reaction that agglomerate is reduced to iron, and the middle band between Kong Yukong is because temperature is lower.Gaseous diffusion is difficulty, so what carry out is sintering reaction.This material has solved the contradiction between granularity and the ventilation, and expects that the hole is a fixed, does not exist cloth irregular, problems such as air-flow maldistribution, and " furnace wall effect " is very little, does not perhaps exist substantially.
Be covered with many passages on the cellular block of material, its aperture is 2-8cm, and hole wall is thick to be 2-8cm, and when piece material diameter was 1-3 rice, the height of piece material was chosen as 10-50cm.The sign of answering guaranteed material hole to align on the piece material.
The gabarit of cellular block of material can be the garden cylindricality, also can be multi-edge column-shaped.When contour dimension hour, can make a monoblock.Otherwise, can be decomposed into a plurality of fan cylindricalitys or multi-edge column-shaped (as triangulo column, rectangular parallelepiped or other multi-edge column-shaped) to it, at when filling with substance in smelting furnace, again it is bolted together.
Adopt technology of the present invention, coking ironmaking and steel-making three process can be combined into together, fundamentally changed traditional process for producing steel and iron, avoided repeatedly smelting the heat that consumes, shortened the production cycle of final products, reduced cost.The coal ratio that adopts the present invention to consume is 0.6/ ton of steel, is to calculate at 1: 4 by the cost ratio of present coal and coke, is equivalent to 0.15/ ton of steel of coke ratio (general blast furnace coke ratio is 0.4-0.6 ton/iron), improves the capacity factor of a blast furnace and reaches 3.5 tons/meter
3My god (the general capacity factor of a blast furnace is 2-2.5 ton/rice
3My god).After adopting the present invention, because air-flow in the stock column is evenly distributed, so the furnace wall scaling loss is little, furnace life is long, and the high inferior ore deposits of impurity such as lean ore and sulfur-bearing, phosphorus all can utilize.Smelt the finished steel that, passed through the detection of metallurgical scientific research department.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of method for making steel, it is with the starting material in bulk of certain particle diameter, comprise iron ore, fuel, fusing assistant etc., layering is packed in the smelting furnace, behind ironmaking and steel making working procedure, obtain the liquid metal of certain ingredients and temperature, pour into the metal billet at last, it is characterized in that starting material such as iron ore, fuel, fusing assistant give is ground into powder earlier, and makes cellular block of material and go into stove and smelt.
2, method for making steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that fuel is coal or coke.
3, method for making steel according to claim 2, the aperture that it is characterized in that cellular block of material is 2-8cm, hole wall is thick to be 2-8cm.
4, method for making steel according to claim 3 is characterized in that the gabarit of cellular block of material can be whole Cylinder or multiedge cylinder, also can be to be combined into by the fritter honeycomb material that is divided into fan cylindricality or multi-edge column-shaped.
5, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described method for making steel, it is characterized in that the weight proportion of fuel and ore is: fuel: ore=1: 3-6.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87102333 CN87102333A (en) | 1987-03-30 | 1987-03-30 | Direct Steel Process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87102333 CN87102333A (en) | 1987-03-30 | 1987-03-30 | Direct Steel Process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN87102333A true CN87102333A (en) | 1987-08-26 |
Family
ID=4813910
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87102333 Pending CN87102333A (en) | 1987-03-30 | 1987-03-30 | Direct Steel Process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN87102333A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109402317A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2019-03-01 | 中国钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for producing metal by high-efficiency metal oxide carbothermic reduction and porous material cake used by same |
-
1987
- 1987-03-30 CN CN 87102333 patent/CN87102333A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109402317A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2019-03-01 | 中国钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for producing metal by high-efficiency metal oxide carbothermic reduction and porous material cake used by same |
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