CN205062100U - Iron -smelting system of high phosphorus oolitic hematite gas base direct reduction - ore grinding magnetic separation - Google Patents
Iron -smelting system of high phosphorus oolitic hematite gas base direct reduction - ore grinding magnetic separation Download PDFInfo
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- CN205062100U CN205062100U CN201520792442.4U CN201520792442U CN205062100U CN 205062100 U CN205062100 U CN 205062100U CN 201520792442 U CN201520792442 U CN 201520792442U CN 205062100 U CN205062100 U CN 205062100U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an iron -smelting system of high phosphorus oolitic hematite gas base direct reduction - ore grinding magnetic separation, including blending bunker, pressure ball machine, desicator, shaft furnace, mill, magnet separator, the ball is quick -witted, the desicator through pressing from the blending bunker order for high phosphorus oolitic hematite, coal, slaked lime, water glass's mixture, then follows the shaft furnace top and add, the ejection of compact of shaft furnace is received to the mill, and the ejection of compact of mill is received to the magnet separator, the well lower part of the reducing gas follow shaft furnace of reduced iron lets in, from shaft furnace top discharge. Under the effect of reducing gas, the ferriferous oxide reduction in the high phosphorus oolitic hematite powder keeps in the slay under caO's solid phosphorus effect for simple substance iron, phosphorus, then produces indisputable concentrate and rich phosphorus slag after the magnetic separation. The utility model has the characteristics of the reduction temperature is low, reduction is fast, the flow short, efficient, the product quality is high, with low costs, easy large -scale production, practical value height.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to metallurgical technology field, is specifically related to a kind of iron-smelting process of iron ore, particularly relate to a kind of high-phosphor oolitic hematite gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced-the non-blast furnace ironmaking system of mill ore magnetic selection.
Background technology
Along with the development of China's metallurgy industry, the demand of China to iron ore also increases day by day.Due to China's iron ore supply wretched insufficiency, therefore the dependence of China to imported Fe ore is increasing, in order to ensure the sustainable and healthy development of China's steel industry, strengthen seeming extremely urgent to the scientific research of idle iron ore, high-phosphor oolitic hematite, because of the huge feature of its reserves, just more and more causes the attention of people.
Prior art for the treatment of high-phosphor oolitic hematite comprises conventional beneficiation method and direct reduction process.Conventional ore dressing cannot owing to cannot destroy or the extremely difficult roe nuclear structure destroyed in high-phosphor oolitic hematite, therefore iron recovery is undesirable.In direct reduction process, tunnel furnace carries out small-scale production, although also good technical indicator can be reached, and, owing to yielding poorly, energy consumption is higher, seriously polluted, is expressly forbidden by many countries; Rotary hearth furnace easily bonds due to high temperature, and reduction effect is undesirable, therefore is also unsuitable for processing high-phosphor oolitic hematite.
Utility model content
In view of above-mentioned present situation, the utility model aims to provide the ironmaking system of a kind of high-phosphor oolitic hematite gas base directly reducing-mill ore magnetic selection.The utility model adopts gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced technique, and while obstruction phosphorus ore containing participates in reduction, realize the reduction of iron in ore oxide compound, the later stage realizes being separated, for steel industry provides high-quality iron charge of iron and phosphorus by the mode of magnetic separation.
The purpose of this utility model is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of ironmaking system of high-phosphor oolitic hematite gas base directly reducing-mill ore magnetic selection, is characterized in that, comprise blending bunker, ball press, moisture eliminator, shaft furnace, ore mill, magnetic separator; Blending bunker sequentially passes through e Foerderanlage with ball press, moisture eliminator, shaft furnace and is connected, and the compound of high-phosphor oolitic hematite, coal, slaked lime, water glass sequentially passes through ball press, moisture eliminator from blending bunker, then adds from shaft furnace top; Described ore mill receives the discharging of described shaft furnace by e Foerderanlage, and described magnetic separator receives the discharging of ore mill by e Foerderanlage; The reducing gas of reduced iron passes into from the middle and lower part of shaft furnace, discharges from shaft furnace top.
Sieve through round roller in feeding process between described ball press and moisture eliminator.
Exhaust Gas again passes into after interchanger, fly-ash separator, pressure-swing absorption apparatus, hotblast stove bottom shaft furnace.
Described reducing gas is gas maked coal.
The reducing gas temperature wherein passed into from the middle and lower part of described shaft furnace is 1000-1100 DEG C; Reducing gas≤75 DEG C are passed into bottom shaft furnace.
Described ball press is pair roller type high-pressure ball press.
Described ore mill is rod mill.
The technique scheme provided as can be seen from the utility model, the utility model is the non-blast furnace ironmaking mechanism utilizing gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced-mill ore magnetic selection, in shaft furnace, pass into high-temperature reducing gas carry out reducing and smelting, and utilize calcium oxide that phosphorus fixation effect is realized to reduced iron, stays the object of phosphorus; Afterwards, by ore grinding, magnetic separation separating ferrum, agglomeration, forms block iron charge, and the degree of metalization of high-phosphor oolitic hematite can be reached 92%, magnetic concentrate grade brings up to 78%, and iron recovery can more than 90%, and in iron ore concentrate, phosphorus content can reduce by 70%.System of the present utility model, compared with other technique, has that reduction temperature is low, reduction rate is fast, flow process is short, efficiency is high, product quality is high, cost is low, is easy to scale production, feature that practical value is high.Adopt the utility model, eliminate the heavy-polluted sintering of traditional technology, coking process, can Appropriate application natural resources and the energy to greatest extent, be that a kind of high-phosphor oolitic hematite that utilizes carries out the high-efficiency environment friendly technique of smelting iron.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is System's composition figure of the present utility model.
Accompanying drawing only for illustrating the object of specific embodiment, and is not thought restriction of the present utility model.
Embodiment
The utility model is specifically described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment.
A kind of high-phosphor oolitic hematite of the utility model is gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced-ironmaking system of mill ore magnetic selection, mainly say the operational path adopting and pass into furnace charge and reduction reaction gas in blast furnace shaft furnace.Furnace charge is the red iron powdered iron ore of high-phosphor oolitic and coordinates coal dust, slaked lime (unslaked lime+water), water glass according to a certain percentage, after granulation, screening, drying, drop in shaft furnace, under the effect of high-temperature reducing gas, the reduction of ferrous oxide in high-phosphor oolitic hematite is made to be fe, and utilize the solid phosphorus effect of CaO, make phosphorus remain in slag, then after ore grinding, magnetic separation, produce iron ore concentrate and rich phosphorus slag.
The composition of this process system and structure as shown in Figure 1, comprise blending bunker 1, ball press 2, round roller sieve 3, moisture eliminator 4, shaft furnace 5, interchanger 6, fly-ash separator 7, hotblast stove 8, pressure-swing absorption apparatus 9, ore mill 10, magnetic separator 11, these parts.
Blending bunker 1 and ball press 2, round roller sieve 3, moisture eliminator 4, shaft furnace 5 sequentially pass through e Foerderanlage and be connected, and wherein compound adds from shaft furnace top.High temperature reduction coal gas passes into from shaft furnace middle and lower part, and cold (normal temperature) coal gas passes into from furnace bottom.Interchanger 6 is connected with air outlet, shaft furnace top by exhaust line, and heat exchange exit end is connected with fly-ash separator 7 by pipeline.Gas after dedusting can be connected with hotblast stove 8 after pressure-swing absorption apparatus 9, is again passed in shaft furnace after heating, and the gas after dedusting, pressure-variable adsorption also can directly lead to bottom shaft furnace as cold reducing gas.
Processing step comprises as follows:
1) first raw material preparation is carried out
Prepare 5 kinds of starting material: high-phosphor oolitic hematite, coal, slaked lime, water glass.Above-mentioned starting material mix with powder form.
High-phosphor oolitic hematite: be applicable to typical " Ningxiang's formula " high-phosphor oolitic hematite, the iron content 35-52% that this ore deposit is general, siliceous 8-18%, containing aluminium and calcium 3-9%, phosphorous 0.3-1.8%.Certainly, other class high-phosphor oolitic hematites of nature also go for this technique.
Coal: various non-coking coal can be selected.
Slaked lime: the water accounting for unslaked lime 32% with addition of weight for unslaked lime mixes.Because unslaked lime pelletizing easily makes pelletizing efflorescence, therefore need add water to unslaked lime and digest.
Water glass: select purity to be the water glass of 40%-47%, effective constituent is 5Na
2o2SiO
2.
2) above-mentioned 4 kinds of raw materials are undertaken joining even by following weight ratio
Proportioning is as follows: high-phosphor oolitic hematite: 72%; Coal: 11%; Slaked lime: 12%; Water glass: 5%.
3) pelletizing
Be placed on ball press by above-mentioned even batch mixing and carry out pressure ball, the pelletizing of extrusion is sent in moisture eliminator and carries out drying.If there is disintegrating slag in pressure ball process, round roller can be crossed before pelletizing sends into moisture eliminator and screen.Also the process of screening can be added after drying.
The ball press be suitable for can be pair roller type high-pressure ball press, and the ball block hardness created is high, and go out ball rate high, residue is few.
Be in the mode of pelletizing, mixture pelleting is shaping in this embodiment, because the round and smooth mobility of spherical surface is strong, utilizes circle to roll method balling-up processing in addition and also facilitate, but the utility model is also defined in this, any be conducive to flowing granular can, such as cylindrical, oval etc.
4) smelt
Dry pelletizing is smelted.Pelletizing is sent into shaft furnace from reduction shaft furnace top, in shaft furnace middle and lower part, about from downward 2/3 place of furnace roof, high-temperature gas entrance is set, passes into the high temperature reduction coal gas of 1000-1100 DEG C; Bottom shaft furnace, offer cryogenic gas entrance simultaneously, pass into stock gas (generally lower than 75 DEG C) after treatment.
The component requirements of reducing gas is here CO+H
2>90%, N
2<10%, could make reactant reduce thoroughly because only have containing a large amount of reducing gas CO fully.
Through Metal In Shaft Furnace out be sponge iron, through practical proof, above-mentioned technique iron charge temperature out, greatly about 100 DEG C-200 DEG C, need not be lowered the temperature again, directly can send into mill ore magnetic selection.
5) described sponge iron is carried out mill ore magnetic selection, the iron powder after sorting adopts briquetting apparatus to carry out compacting agglomeration, forms block iron charge, is convenient to transport and smelts, completing refining technique.
In the utility model, we select shaft furnace, and above-mentioned shaft furnace can be the shaft furnace equipment of all applicable gas base directly reducings.Because shaft furnace is suitable for gas radical reaction mechanism, the flowing of solid and gas is that (solid walks downward reverse direction operation, gas is up walked), solid can be conducive to so fully contact with gas, if gas passes into from bottom, solid almost can touch gas in walking whole process, more favourable for solid slope technology.If select horizontal type stove, gas has floating characteristic, then all concentrate on furnace roof, and solid only in stove, bottom runs, the area of contact is little like this, to reacting unfavorable.
The utility model technique utilizes gas base redox mechanism, allows the phosphorus in ore not participate in reduction reaction as far as possible, utilize the solid phosphorus effect of the CaO in compound simultaneously, remained in by phosphorus in slag; And allow the iron in ore that redox reaction occurs as much as possible, restore fe, discharge with the form of sponge iron.
So the utility model selects gas maked coal as reducing gas, one is because the principle active component of gas maked coal is CO and H
2, CO is common reducing gas; Two is that the main component contained is iron, silicon, phosphorus etc., silicon, and phosphorus can not participate in reduction reaction by CO because in iron ore; Three is that in the 4 kinds of raw materials used in this technique, high-phosphor oolitic hematite, coal, slaked lime, water glass all do not have radical response with coal gas, can not produce toxic gas, can not affect the reduction of iron.
Further, in use reducing gas, in order to improve the utilization ratio of gas maked coal, can the mechanism of recycling be set up: when the reducing gas of heat overflows from furnace roof, can (pass into CaO through dedusting and pressure-variable adsorption process, slough CO
2become CO), heating receive again become high temperature reduction gas.Or through interchanger heat exchange, become cold clean reducing gas, again pass into from furnace bottom and recycle.
In the utility model, we pass into the coal gas of high temperature of 1100-1200 DEG C, because 900-1100 DEG C is the better reduction temperature of iron, and phosphorus reductibility is now little, so pass into the coal gas of high temperature of 1000-1100 DEG C, be optimum temps, make the reduction of ferrous oxide in high-phosphor oolitic hematite be iron monocrystal, and phosphorus remain unchanged.The gas passed into will more than 1000 DEG C, and scholar's body (compounding substances of FeO and Fe) is floated in the too low easy generation of temperature.
Although high-temperature gas reduction effect is good, if but it is too hot, the temperature of sponge iron of coming out of the stove is just very high, be unfavorable for comminution magnetic separation, need ability magnetic separation of again lowering the temperature, therefore preferably scheme is that major part participation conversion zone all passes into high temperature reduction gas in shaft furnace, only pass into cold identical reducing gas-coal gas at furnace bottom, allow furnace bottom discharging portion potential drop temperature, avoid secondary oxidation, going out furnace charge so just need not again through cooling step simultaneously.Meanwhile, most of material, when descending on stove, have passed through long reduction, has substantially terminated, so furnace bottom temperature low spot does not affect reduction effect when arriving furnace bottom.Bottom shaft furnace, offer cryogenic gas entrance, pass into treated stock gas (generally lower than 75 DEG C).
We are when passing into high temperature reduction gas, the reason that selection passes at distance furnace roof about 2/3 place is: from furnace roof, downward 2/3 place passes into reducing gas, it is suitable height, because gas is lighter, only can be floating upward, if the entrance height passing into gas is too high, gas more can to the floating accumulation of stove inner top, reducing agents for furnace bottom does not reach reducing gas, make to participate in reduction, even if can touch reducing gas when reactant falls from furnace roof, but this is also the process of moment, and reactant has little time to participate in reaction at all.Again because, should stored in a large amount of materials in Reaktionsofen yet, this technique general knowledge, if so the gas height passed into is too high, the place passed into does not have reactant at all, and gas directly cannot be blown into reactant inside with larger pressure in ingress at all, causes internal-response insufficient.So, grope test through a large amount of, utilize the floating characteristic of gas, achieve and pass into from downward 2/3 place of furnace roof the conclusion that reducing gas is better position, the mileage that hot gas floats is long, and the material participating in reduction reaction in stove is just many, the stroke that high temperature reduction district gone through by material is also long, is beneficial to reduction.
Passing into of gas was synchronously carried out with adding of pelletizing, and while reducing gas passes into, pelletizing constantly adds from furnace roof portion, discharge from furnace bottom, and pelletizing is about 4h (namely recovery time) top-down working time in shaft furnace.What discharge bottom shaft furnace after reduction is sponge iron.
The reducing gas of heat overflows from furnace roof, can also become the reducing gas of temperatures as high 1100 DEG C, again pass into from stove middle and lower part and recycle through dedusting, pressure-variable adsorption, the means that reheat.Because the reducing gas of coming out of the stove is after oxidization-reduction, CO has become CO
2, so also need, through pressure-variable adsorption (passing into CaO), to slough CO
2become CO.Address above.
Ore grinding described in the utility model, magnetic separation: comprise and adopt rod mill to carry out disposable ore grinding 8min, then adopt magnetic separator to carry out disposable sorting.Grinding attachment, for be advisable with rod mill, finally adopts magnetic plant to carry out sorting.Belong to common process herein.
In the utility model, utilizing low, the fireballing feature of gas-based reduction temperature, is iron monocrystal by the reduction of ferrous oxide in high-phosphor oolitic hematite, and utilizes the solid phosphorus effect of CaO, makes phosphorus remain in slag, produces rich phosphorus slag after mill ore magnetic selection.Technique of the present utility model with other for the treatment of high-phosphor oolitic hematite iron smelting method operational path compared with, have that reduction temperature is low, reduction rate is fast, flow process is short, efficiency is high, cost is low, be easy to scale production, feature that practical value is high.Adopt the utility model, eliminate the heavy-polluted sintering of traditional technology, coking process, can Appropriate application natural resources and the energy to greatest extent, be that a kind of high-phosphor oolitic hematite that utilizes carries out the high-efficiency environment friendly technique of smelting iron.
Claims (7)
1. an ironmaking system for high-phosphor oolitic hematite gas base directly reducing-mill ore magnetic selection, is characterized in that, comprises blending bunker, ball press, moisture eliminator, shaft furnace, ore mill, magnetic separator;
Blending bunker sequentially passes through e Foerderanlage with ball press, moisture eliminator, shaft furnace and is connected, and the compound of high-phosphor oolitic hematite, coal, slaked lime, water glass sequentially passes through ball press, moisture eliminator from blending bunker, then adds from shaft furnace top;
Described ore mill receives the discharging of described shaft furnace by e Foerderanlage, and described magnetic separator receives the discharging of ore mill by e Foerderanlage;
The reducing gas of reduced iron passes into from the middle and lower part of shaft furnace, discharges from shaft furnace top.
2. the ironmaking system of high-phosphor oolitic hematite gas base directly reducing-mill ore magnetic selection according to claim 1, is characterized in that, sieve in the feeding process between described ball press and moisture eliminator through round roller.
3. the ironmaking system of high-phosphor oolitic hematite gas base directly reducing-mill ore magnetic selection according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, Exhaust Gas again passes in described shaft furnace after interchanger, fly-ash separator, pressure-swing absorption apparatus, hotblast stove.
4. the ironmaking system of high-phosphor oolitic hematite gas base directly reducing-mill ore magnetic selection according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described reducing gas is gas maked coal.
5. the ironmaking system of the high-phosphor oolitic hematite gas base directly reducing-mill ore magnetic selection according to claim 1 or 4, is characterized in that, the reducing gas temperature wherein passed into from the middle and lower part of described shaft furnace is 1000-1100 DEG C; Reducing gas temperature≤75 DEG C are passed into bottom shaft furnace.
6. the ironmaking system of high-phosphor oolitic hematite gas base directly reducing-mill ore magnetic selection according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described ball press is pair roller type high-pressure ball press.
7. the ironmaking system of high-phosphor oolitic hematite gas base directly reducing-mill ore magnetic selection according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described ore mill is rod mill.
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114107591A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-01 | 钢铁研究总院 | Heating-pure hydrogen reduction cooling system and method |
| CN114798136A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-29 | 中南大学 | Process and device for efficiently utilizing complex iron-containing resources by reduction-grinding separation method |
-
2015
- 2015-10-14 CN CN201520792442.4U patent/CN205062100U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114107591A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-01 | 钢铁研究总院 | Heating-pure hydrogen reduction cooling system and method |
| CN114798136A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-29 | 中南大学 | Process and device for efficiently utilizing complex iron-containing resources by reduction-grinding separation method |
| CN114798136B (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2023-08-08 | 中南大学 | Process and device for efficiently utilizing complex iron-containing resources by reduction-grinding separation method |
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