CN101445869A - Method for manufacturing metallic pellets by direct reduction of oxygen-enriched combustion in rotary furnace - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing metallic pellets by direct reduction of oxygen-enriched combustion in rotary furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN101445869A CN101445869A CNA2008102386932A CN200810238693A CN101445869A CN 101445869 A CN101445869 A CN 101445869A CN A2008102386932 A CNA2008102386932 A CN A2008102386932A CN 200810238693 A CN200810238693 A CN 200810238693A CN 101445869 A CN101445869 A CN 101445869A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for manufacturing metallic pellets by direct reduction of oxygen-enriched combustion in a rotary furnace, which belongs to the technical field of steel industry for manufacturing metallic pellets (or direct reduction iron). The method is characterized in that oxygen enriched air is adopted as an auxiliary fuel gas; the oxygen enriched air enters a heat exchanger through a blower; and after the heat exchange between the oxygen enriched air and high temperature flue gas is performed, the temperature rises to 400 DEG C to 600 DEG C, and then the oxygen enriched air enters the rotary furnace. The invention breaks through the limitation of the prior air taking as a combustion medium and fixing the oxygen content, realizes the actual demand that the oxygen content in the combustion medium is controllable, further enhances the heat efficiency of the rotary furnace, reduces over 35% of air consumption amount, reduces over 31% of total consumption amount of the auxiliary fuel gas; and the coal gas consumption, the flue gas discharge capacity and the investment cost are reduced, and conforms to the national policy requirements of energy conservation, emission reduction and circulation economy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to steel industry metallized pellet (or direct-reduced iron) production technical field, be specifically related to a kind of technology that promotes rotary hearth furnace energy saving of system consumption reduction with the preheating oxygen-rich air.
Background technology
It is the nearest three ironmaking novel procesies that grow up during the decade that the direct reducing process of rotary hearth furnace is produced metallized pellet (direct-reduced iron).Because this technology need not the preparation of fuel and the deep processing of raw material, active effect is arranged, thereby be subjected to the common concern of metallurgy industry rationally utilizing natural resources, protection human environment.
Existing rotary hearth furnace process all adopts air as combustion-supporting medium both at home and abroad, because the content of combustion-supporting active substance oxygen is fixed in the air, so technical indicators such as rotary hearth furnace thermo-efficiency, gas consumption all are restricted in various degree.
Meanwhile, oxygen-enriched combustion technology has obtained widespread use in fields such as metallurgical industry, chemical industry and health cares.At steel industry, operations such as sintering, ironmaking, steel-making all have the application of oxygen-enriched combusting.Blast furnace can significantly reduce coke ratio by oxygen enriched blast, improves output, and according to statistics, oxygen-rich concentration improves 1%, and its iron output can improve 4%～6%, and coke ratio reduces by 5%～6%; Sintering circuit improves the combustionvelocity and the rate of combustion of fuel by using oxygen enrichment, improves the utilization coefficient of sinter machine and the desulphurizing ratio of agglomerate, reduces process energy consumption greatly; Converter steelmaking LD method has not only reduced the carbon content of steel by being blown into high purity oxygen, has removed impurity such as phosphorus, sulphur, silicon, but also can keep the needed temperature of smelting process with reaction heat, and shortened tap to tap time, and output improves.With regard to rotary hearth furnace process, restricted over a long period of time oxygen technology limitation, the oxygen cost is higher, behind the adapted oxygen-rich air, the rotary hearth furnace production cost promotes greatly, generation be negative benefit.Therefore, from last century the seventies to the nineties, in rotary hearth furnace process, do not implement oxygen-enriched combustion technology, do not see that rotary hearth furnace uses the relevant report of oxygen-enriched combustion technology yet.But in recent years, along with the maturation gradually of adsorption oxygen-preparation technology, declining to a great extent of system oxygen number lattice (produced the oxygen of purity 80% at present, calculated with pure oxygen, ton oxygen current consumption is 0.35 degree only), thus make that the use oxygen-enriched combustion technology becomes possibility in rotary hearth furnace process.
CN101134985 discloses a kind of molten minute stove iron smelting method of coal-based metallized pellet, technological process comprises powdered iron ore, coal dust and binding agent are mixed in proportion, pressure ball, dry and become the step of metallized pellet through rotary hearth furnace melting reduction, it is characterized in that also comprising and divide stove to carry out whole step of reducing still packing into to melt for the metallized pellet of solid phase, stove was made of shaft furnace and forehearth in wherein said molten minute, forehearth is the combustion chamber, by two Sweet natural gas burners tangentially, in the combustion chamber, spray Sweet natural gas, mesopore by burner will be heated to 1000 ℃ oxygen level, and to be that 30% oxygen-rich air sprays into combustion-supporting, makes the temperature of combustion chamber reach 1800～2000 ℃; High temperature hot gas is entered in the shaft furnace by the combustion chamber, continues the heating pelletizing, makes it finally to be reduced into liquid pig iron.The advantage of this law is that metallurgical process has been stopped pollution, and the energy has obtained reasonable utilization, has improved production efficiency and has reduced production cost.This method is that the metallized pellet of rotary hearth furnace production is reduced in the process of liquid pig iron after tank car is packed molten branch stove into, and the molten stove that divides has used oxygen-enriched combustion technology, and rotary hearth furnace only plays prereduction.
The two step method ironmaking technique of fusion and reduction that it is raw material that CN1940092A (application number 200510104882.7) discloses a kind of autoreduction pelletizing that is mixed and made into powdered iron ore and coal dust; The first step is carried out prereduction with rotary hearth furnace, obtains degree of metalization〉80% metallized pellet, the second single metal pellet hot charging is gone into the fusion Gas-making Furnace, realize that reduction eventually separates slag iron with fusing, obtain liquid pig iron, produce coal gas simultaneously, as self hotblast stove and rotary hearth furnace combustion gas use.But this technology is not used oxygen-enriched combustion technology in the prereduction of the first step rotary hearth furnace, this step with used the rotary hearth furnace process of oxygen-enriched combustion technology to compare, its coal gas and air consumption, exhaust smoke level are all higher, therefore, it is big that the corresponding apparatus specification becomes, and equipment investment cost, running cost are also higher.
Summary of the invention
At the limitation of prior art, the invention provides a kind of rotary hearth furnace thermo-efficiency that can further improve, reduce the preheating oxygen-enriched combusting new technology of gas consumption, flue gas discharge capacity and cost of investment.
The used oxygen-rich air of the present invention is that concentration is oxygen and the Air mixing gas more than 70%, and the oxygen concentration of mixed gas is 21%～40%.Oxygen conveying pipe is linked to each other with the air intake duct of rotary hearth furnace, leave valve and pressure detection table on the oxygen conveying pipe, the regulated valve size is controlled oxygen flow as required, obtain the oxygen-rich concentration of needs of production, mixed gas enters interchanger through gas blower, mixed gas and high-temperature flue gas carry out heat exchange in interchanger, the mixed gas temperature rises to 500 ℃, enter the overheavy firing of rotary hearth furnace burner then.
The invention provides the method that a kind of oxygen-enriched combusting that is used for rotary hearth furnace is directly gone back the original production metallized pellet, it is characterized in that: with oxygen-rich air is combustion-supporting gas, oxygen-rich air enters interchanger through gas blower, after oxygen-rich air and high-temperature flue gas carry out heat exchange in interchanger, temperature rises to 400～600 ℃, enters rotary hearth furnace again.
Preferably, the method that the described oxygen-enriched combusting that is used for rotary hearth furnace is directly gone back the original production metallized pellet comprises the following steps:
1) oxygen-rich air enters interchanger through gas blower, and after oxygen-rich air and high-temperature flue gas carried out heat exchange in interchanger, temperature rose to 400～600 ℃;
2) oxygen-rich air after the heat exchange enters the burner of rotary hearth furnace;
3) O in combustion gas and the oxygen-rich air
2In burner mixed firing, the combustion reactions liberated heat reaches pelletizing in the mode of spoke body heat, atmosphere temperature is 1000 ℃-1100 ℃ in the rotary hearth furnace preheating section, oxide compound generation reduction reactions such as the zinc in the pelletizing, lead, and metals such as the zinc of generation, lead break away from pelletizing and enter flue gas; Pelletizing enters the rotary hearth furnace reduction section;
4) flue gas enters fume recovery system, and along with the progressively reduction of flue-gas temperature, metallic zinc, lead etc. are oxidized to zinc oxide, plumbous oxide etc. again and sink, and the purging system tube wall reclaims zinc, lead etc.; Flue gas enters atmosphere after the fly-ash separator dedusting;
5) by regulation and control combustion gas and oxygen-rich air amount, atmosphere temperature reaches 1250 ℃-1350 ℃ in the reduction section, and the inner ferriferous oxide major part of pelletizing is reduced into metallic iron.
Through the direct metallized pellet of original production also of rotary hearth furnace, its grade is greater than 65%, and degree of metalization is greater than 70%, is no more than 3% less than broken ball and the powder of 5mm, can directly use for blast furnace.
Described oxygen-rich air is that concentration is oxygen and the Air mixing gas more than 70%, and the oxygen concentration of mixed gas is 21%～40%.
The present invention also provides a kind of oxygen-enriched combusting that is used for rotary hearth furnace directly to go back the equipment of original production metallized pellet, comprising: rotary hearth furnace, gas blower, interchanger, oxygen conveying pipe, air intake duct; Oxygen conveying pipe inserts air delivery pipe, and air delivery pipe connects interchanger by gas blower, and interchanger is by the burner of pipe connection to rotary hearth furnace.
Mixed gas behind the oxygen enrichment relies on gas blower to provide kinetic energy to enter the interchanger heat exchange and heats up, and the origin of heat of interchanger is the rotary hearth furnace high-temperature waste flue gas, and the oxygen-rich mixture body after the heat exchange is strengthened the combustion reactions in the rotary hearth furnace by the burner of pipe connection to rotary hearth furnace.
Preferably, leave valve and pressure detection table on the oxygen conveying pipe.Allocating amount of oxygen into is to rely on valve and pressure detection table on the oxygen conveying pipe to control.
Beneficial effect:
1, method of the present invention oxygen-rich air overheavy firing in rotary hearth furnace can significantly reduce the gas consumption amount of rotary hearth furnace, reaches the energy-saving and cost-reducing unusual effect of monomer operation.
2, method of the present invention can reduce the ignition temperature and the after-flame temperature of fuel, improves the flame temperature of combustion zone, accelerates combustionvelocity, promotes perfect combustion.
3, method of the present invention can reduce the air consumption coefficient, reduces exhaust smoke level, thereby rotary hearth furnace thermo-efficiency is improved.
4, method of the present invention has reduced the pollution of smoke evacuation to atmospheric environment by reducing exhaust smoke level and reducing oke exhaust blackness.
5, system of the present invention reduces the rotary hearth furnace investment cost, perhaps can increase combustion intensity under the constant situation of plant capacity, improves the utilization coefficient of rotary hearth furnace.
In a word, the present invention has broken through existing air as combustion medium, the restriction of oxygen level fixed, realized the controlled actual needs of oxygen level in the combustion medium, further improved rotary hearth furnace thermo-efficiency, air consumption reduces more than 35%, and total combustion-supporting gas consumption reduces more than 31%; Reduce gas consumption, flue gas discharge capacity and cost of investment, and met national energy-saving and emission-reduction, the policy requirements of recycling economy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention;
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with Figure of description several embodiments of the present invention and implementation result are described further:
Embodiment 1:
When being combustion-supporting gas with air, air enters interchanger through gas blower, and after air and high-temperature flue gas carried out heat exchange, air themperature rose to 500 ℃, enters rotary hearth furnace again and participates in combustion reactions.O in combustion gas and the air
2In burner mixed firing, the combustion reactions liberated heat reaches pelletizing in the mode of spoke body heat, is used for the reduction of iron, lead, zinc and other oxide compound in the pelletizing.Disengaging pelletizings such as the metallic zinc that generates, lead enter flue gas, and the inner ferriferous oxide major part of pelletizing is reduced into metallic iron.Through the direct metallized pellet of original production also of rotary hearth furnace, its grade is greater than 65%, and degree of metalization is greater than 70%, is no more than 3% less than broken ball and the powder of 5mm, can directly use for blast furnace.
With 1 ton of metallized pellet is benchmark, gas consumption amount 233.05Nm3/t, air consumption 1714.53Nm3/t, pure oxygen consumption ONm3/t, total combustion-supporting gas consumption 1714.53Nm
3/ t, smoke growing amount 2059.39Nm
3/ t, 1100 ℃ of flue gas tapping temperatures.
Embodiment 2:
The oxygen-enriched combusting of rotary hearth furnace is directly gone back the equipment of original production metallized pellet, comprising: rotary hearth furnace, gas blower, interchanger, oxygen conveying pipe, air intake duct; Oxygen conveying pipe inserts air delivery pipe, and air delivery pipe connects interchanger by gas blower, and interchanger is by the burner of pipe connection to rotary hearth furnace.Leave valve and pressure detection table on the oxygen conveying pipe.Allocating amount of oxygen into is to rely on valve and pressure detection table on the oxygen conveying pipe to control.
Oxygen conveying pipe inserts air delivery pipe, allocating amount of oxygen into is to rely on valve and pressure detection table on the oxygen conveying pipe to control, mixed gas behind the oxygen enrichment relies on gas blower to provide kinetic energy to enter the interchanger heat exchange and heats up, the origin of heat of interchanger is the rotary hearth furnace high-temperature waste flue gas, oxygen-rich mixture body after the heat exchange is strengthened the combustion reactions in the rotary hearth furnace by the burner of pipe connection to rotary hearth furnace.
When being combustion-supporting gas with oxygen enrichment 25%, air is mixed the formation oxygen enrichment by a certain percentage with pure oxygen, oxygen enrichment enters interchanger through gas blower, and after oxygen enrichment and high-temperature flue gas carried out heat exchange, the oxygen enrichment temperature rose to 500 ℃, entered the burner of rotary hearth furnace again; Enter rotary hearth furnace and participate in direct reduction reactor.O in combustion gas and the oxygen-rich air
2In burner mixed firing, the combustion reactions liberated heat reaches pelletizing in the mode of spoke body heat, atmosphere temperature is 1000 ℃-1100 ℃ in the rotary hearth furnace preheating section, oxide compound generation reduction reactions such as the zinc in the pelletizing, lead, and metals such as the zinc of generation, lead break away from pelletizing and enter flue gas; Pelletizing enters the rotary hearth furnace reduction section; Flue gas enters fume recovery system, and along with the progressively reduction of flue-gas temperature, metallic zinc, lead etc. are oxidized to zinc oxide, plumbous oxide etc. again and sink, and the purging system tube wall reclaims zinc, lead etc.; Flue gas enters atmosphere after the fly-ash separator dedusting; By regulation and control combustion gas and oxygen-rich air amount, atmosphere temperature reaches 1250 ℃-1350 ℃ in the reduction section, and the inner ferriferous oxide major part of pelletizing is reduced into metallic iron.Other is with embodiment 1.
With 1 ton of metallized pellet is benchmark, gas consumption amount 181.83Nm
3/ t, air consumption 1120.68Nm
3/ t, pure oxygen consumption 59.77Nm
3/ t, total combustion-supporting gas consumption 1180.45Nm
3/ t, smoke growing amount 1503.98Nm
3/ t, 1100 ℃ of flue gas tapping temperatures.
Embodiment 3:
When being combustion-supporting gas with oxygen enrichment 30%, air is mixed the formation oxygen enrichment by a certain percentage with pure oxygen, oxygen enrichment enters interchanger through gas blower, and after oxygen enrichment and high-temperature flue gas carried out heat exchange, the oxygen enrichment temperature rose to 600 ℃, enters rotary hearth furnace again and participates in direct reduction reactor.Other is with embodiment 2.With 1 ton of metallized pellet is benchmark, gas consumption amount 147.82Nm
3/ t, air consumption 728.06Nm
3/ t, pure oxygen consumption 93.61Nm
3/ t, total combustion-supporting gas consumption 821.69Nm
3/ t, smoke growing amount 1136.11Nm
3/ t, 1100 ℃ of flue gas tapping temperatures.
The case study on implementation contrast:
Claims (5)
1. the oxygen-enriched combusting of a rotary hearth furnace is directly gone back the method for original production metallized pellet, it is characterized in that: with oxygen-rich air is combustion-supporting gas, and oxygen-rich air enters interchanger through gas blower, after oxygen-rich air and high-temperature flue gas carry out heat exchange in interchanger, temperature rises to 400～600 ℃, enters rotary hearth furnace again.
2. the direct method of original production metallized pellet also of the oxygen-enriched combusting of rotary hearth furnace according to claim 1 comprises the following steps:
1) oxygen-rich air enters interchanger through gas blower, and after oxygen-rich air and high-temperature flue gas carried out heat exchange in interchanger, temperature rose to 400～600 ℃;
2) oxygen-rich air after the heat exchange enters the burner of rotary hearth furnace;
3) O in combustion gas and the oxygen-rich air
2In burner mixed firing, the combustion reactions liberated heat reaches pelletizing in the mode of spoke body heat, atmosphere temperature is 1000 ℃-1100 ℃ in the rotary hearth furnace preheating section, oxide compound generation reduction reactions such as the zinc in the pelletizing, lead, and metals such as the zinc of generation, lead break away from pelletizing and enter flue gas; Pelletizing enters the rotary hearth furnace reduction section;
4) flue gas enters fume recovery system, and along with the progressively reduction of flue-gas temperature, metallic zinc, lead etc. are oxidized to zinc oxide, plumbous oxide etc. again and sink, and the purging system tube wall reclaims zinc, lead etc.; Flue gas enters atmosphere after the fly-ash separator dedusting;
5) by regulation and control combustion gas and oxygen-rich air amount, atmosphere temperature reaches 1250 ℃-1350 ℃ in the reduction section, and the inner ferriferous oxide major part of pelletizing is reduced into metallic iron.
3. the oxygen-enriched combusting of rotary hearth furnace as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is directly gone back the method for original production metallized pellet, it is characterized in that: described oxygen-rich air is that concentration is oxygen and the Air mixing gas more than 70%, and the oxygen concentration of mixed gas is 21%～40%.
4. the oxygen-enriched combusting of a rotary hearth furnace as claimed in claim 1 is directly gone back the equipment of original production metallized pellet, comprising: rotary hearth furnace, gas blower, interchanger, oxygen conveying pipe, air intake duct; Oxygen conveying pipe inserts air delivery pipe, and air delivery pipe connects interchanger by gas blower, and interchanger is by the burner of pipe connection to rotary hearth furnace.
5. the oxygen-enriched combusting of a rotary hearth furnace as claimed in claim 4 is directly gone back the equipment of original production metallized pellet, it is characterized in that, leave valve and pressure detection table on the oxygen conveying pipe, allocating amount of oxygen into is to rely on valve and pressure detection table on the oxygen conveying pipe to control.
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| CN102062534A (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2011-05-18 | 四川龙蟒矿冶有限责任公司 | Method and device for heat supply of rotary hearth furnace |
| CN102086479A (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2011-06-08 | 中国京冶工程技术有限公司 | Method for producing sponge iron by rotary hearth furnace |
| CN101724727B (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2011-06-22 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Short-flow rotary hearth furnace continuous steelmaking method comprehensively utilizing resources |
| CN102643943A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-08-22 | 北京科技大学 | Rotary hearth furnace direct reduction process using oxygen enrichment and pulverized coal |
| CN102679350A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-09-19 | 王林海 | Gas and oxygen mixed combustion method for cupola furnace and cupola furnace |
| CN102719585A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-10-10 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Method for improving heat efficiency of rotary hearth furnace and lowering smoke quantity |
| CN104132337A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-11-05 | 刘国忠 | Multi-channel cement oxygen enrichment low-carbon burner |
| CN105506210A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2016-04-20 | 北京三烽节能环保科技发展有限公司 | Vertical gas furnace and melting method for fusing and reducing metal material |
| CN105671328A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-06-15 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Rotary hearth furnace and method for treating lead and zinc smelting slag |
| CN106196992A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-12-07 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | The water vapour that refuse pyrolysis produces is used for the system and method for garbage drying after heating up |
| CN111964468A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-11-20 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Steel rolling heating furnace premixing oxygen-enriched combustion system and method |
| CN112063789A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-11 | 钢研晟华科技股份有限公司 | Direct reduction iron-making method of flame-proof rotary hearth furnace |
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- 2008-12-22 CN CNA2008102386932A patent/CN101445869A/en active Pending
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| CN101724727B (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2011-06-22 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Short-flow rotary hearth furnace continuous steelmaking method comprehensively utilizing resources |
| CN102086479A (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2011-06-08 | 中国京冶工程技术有限公司 | Method for producing sponge iron by rotary hearth furnace |
| CN102062534B (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2013-04-10 | 四川龙蟒矿冶有限责任公司 | Method and device for heat supply of rotary hearth furnace |
| CN102062534A (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2011-05-18 | 四川龙蟒矿冶有限责任公司 | Method and device for heat supply of rotary hearth furnace |
| CN102643943A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-08-22 | 北京科技大学 | Rotary hearth furnace direct reduction process using oxygen enrichment and pulverized coal |
| CN102679350A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-09-19 | 王林海 | Gas and oxygen mixed combustion method for cupola furnace and cupola furnace |
| CN102679350B (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2016-06-01 | 王林海 | A kind of method of combustion gas for furnace cupola and oxygen mix burning and furnace cupola |
| CN102719585A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-10-10 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Method for improving heat efficiency of rotary hearth furnace and lowering smoke quantity |
| CN104132337A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-11-05 | 刘国忠 | Multi-channel cement oxygen enrichment low-carbon burner |
| CN105506210A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2016-04-20 | 北京三烽节能环保科技发展有限公司 | Vertical gas furnace and melting method for fusing and reducing metal material |
| CN105671328A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-06-15 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Rotary hearth furnace and method for treating lead and zinc smelting slag |
| CN106196992A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-12-07 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | The water vapour that refuse pyrolysis produces is used for the system and method for garbage drying after heating up |
| CN111964468A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-11-20 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Steel rolling heating furnace premixing oxygen-enriched combustion system and method |
| CN112063789A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-11 | 钢研晟华科技股份有限公司 | Direct reduction iron-making method of flame-proof rotary hearth furnace |
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Open date: 20090603 |