CN86104059B - 有高温涂层的玻璃纤维 - Google Patents
有高温涂层的玻璃纤维 Download PDFInfo
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- CN86104059B CN86104059B CN86104059A CN86104059A CN86104059B CN 86104059 B CN86104059 B CN 86104059B CN 86104059 A CN86104059 A CN 86104059A CN 86104059 A CN86104059 A CN 86104059A CN 86104059 B CN86104059 B CN 86104059B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/4436—Heat resistant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/104—Coating to obtain optical fibres
- C03C25/106—Single coatings
- C03C25/1061—Inorganic coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/104—Coating to obtain optical fibres
- C03C25/106—Single coatings
- C03C25/1061—Inorganic coatings
- C03C25/1063—Metals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/60—Construction of the column
- G01N30/6052—Construction of the column body
- G01N30/6073—Construction of the column body in open tubular form
- G01N30/6078—Capillaries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/294—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core including metal or compound thereof [excluding glass, ceramic and asbestos]
- Y10T428/2956—Glass or silicic fiber or filament with metal coating
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Abstract
在实心或空心玻璃纤维外表面涂上一层金属、合金或介电材料的涂层。涂有涂层的玻璃纤维可耐受300℃以上,甚至500℃的温度。涂层是使用汽相反应的方法在玻璃纤维表面沉积而成。
Description
本发明是美国专利申请NO.580,280的部分继续,一九八四年二月十七日提交的美国专利申请NO.580,280是一九八二年五月二十八日提交的美国专利申请NO.382,856的部分继续,该美国专利申请现在已放弃了。
本发明主要涉及玻璃纤维,特别是涉及涂有耐温,高强度涂层材料的实心光导纤维,空心纤维和毛细管。
玻璃纤维的用途很广泛,如在纤维光学中,光导玻璃纤维能以光的形式来传递声音,信息和数据信号。这类光导纤维有一个二氧化硅芯,在外表面包裹折射率较低的二氧化硅,而它们的直径常为125微米,但有时也使用直径稍大或稍小的纤维。这类纤维常涂有合成材料涂层,以防止玻璃表面的磨损和易于搬动。但这种合成材料难以耐受超过约为200℃至约为300℃的持续高温。在那些需要耐受较高温度的应用中,纤维则通过浸涂工艺而涂上金属层。见八四年二月二日公布的美国专利4,432,606,这一金属涂层已经用浸涂工艺实现,具有这种涂层的纤维能耐受高达约500℃的温度。
玻璃纤维的另一个使用实例为,空心玻璃纤维或毛细管在气相色谱方面的应用。在上面提到的应用中,这种纤维的直径也是较小的。并要经受环境的腐蚀和耐受超过300℃的温度。另外,空心纤维和毛细管强度要高,要能缠绕在一个一定直径的线轴上而不断裂,用一种较大直径的管拉成直径较小的空心纤维或毛细管,以缩小其横截面积,在缩小了横截面积的纤维或毛细管上涂上一层合成材料以增加纤维的强度和便于缠绕在线轴上。同上述涂有聚合物的光导纤维一样,制得的空心纤维或毛细管不能持续耐受超过约为300℃的温度。因此,其用途受到限制。
本发明的目的是要提供一种具有相对高强度,并能耐受相对持续高温的实心或空心玻璃纤维,这种高温至少超过300℃,甚至最好超过500℃。
要达到上述要求,可通过汽相反应,在实心或空心玻璃纤维外表面涂上一层涂层,用于制作涂层的材料是从包括金属,合金或介电材料中选出的。
为更好地理解本发明,现结合对附图的说明给出对本发明的有关实施例的详细说明。
图1是本发明涂有涂层的光导纤维的截面图。
图2是本发明涂有涂层的空心纤维或毛细管的截面图。
图1所示为一种实心光导纤维(10),其用途是在纤维光导系统中以光的形式传递声音,信息及数字信号,光导纤维(10)是常规的包括一个掺杂熔融的二氧化硅芯(12)和一个掺杂或不掺杂的二氧化硅包层(14)。
在传统使用中的包层(14)比二氧化硅芯的折射率低,能使光通过纤维被传播。适合芯体用的掺杂剂,包括锗磷材料或凡能提高二氧化硅芯的折射率的任何材料。适合涂层的掺杂剂包括氟或其他能降低二氧化硅折射率的材料。通常用于纤维光学方面的纤维直径都很小,约为100~150微米数量级。
包层(14)外面是一层密封的金属,合金或其他介电材料的涂层(16,涂层(16)外面再没有其他涂层,所以涂层16是纤维上唯一涂层。用作涂层材料的金属或介电材料,要选择能耐受300℃以上温度而又不受损的材料,换言之,涂层材料的熔点应超过300℃以上。这类金属材料有铝(Al)、镍(Ni)、硅(Si)、钛(Ti)、铜(Cu)、钨(W)和钼(Mo),这类介电材料有氮化硅(Si3N4),氧化锡(SnO2),氮化硼(BN),二氧化钛(TiO2),三氧化二铝(Al2O3),氮氧化硅(Si-O-N)碳化硅(SiC)和碳化硼(BC)施加涂层应该用一种不减弱纤维强度的方法进行。在我的一个美国专利申请NO.580,280或84年8月24日申请的NO.644,305共同待批专利申请中,我描述过在光导纤维表面涂以密封涂层这一工艺过程。上述两个专利申请在此用来作为参照资料,说明在玻璃纤维上用异质核化热化学沉淀工艺(HNTD)涂以金属,合金或介电材料的工艺过程。这是一个汽相反应,在此过程中,纤维表面加热到预先确定的温度,并置于反应剂气体中,使纤维表面发生化学反应,从而使涂层材料直接沉淀在纤维表面。本发明中经过涂涂层后的纤维与上述共同待批专利申请中提到的经过涂涂层后的纤维之不同点是:本发明的纤维外表面没有第二层合成材料的涂层。
实例1.按上面提到的美国专利申请NO.644,305中所述方法,一种单模光纤涂有镍(Ni),另一种这样的光纤涂有铝(Al),铝的反应物为三异丁基铝和异丁烯,反应温度为260℃;镍的反应物为羰基镍,反应温度为200℃。
实例2.在光导纤维上涂以氧化锡介电材料涂层,纤维表面温度约为500℃,使用四甲基锡和氧参加的化学汽相沉积(CVD)反应。
图二说明了空心光导纤维或毛细管(18)外部密封涂层(16)的用途。毛细管(18)是由适当的玻璃材料,制成适当的内外径。所谓“适当的”可认为是视所涂的纤维管的用途而定的。单层密封涂层(16)是在空心管(18)的外表面沉积而成。上述光导纤维(10)是用较大的实心预成型料拉小的。同样,这些空心纤维管也是用较大直径的管子拉成较小直径的管子。因此,空心纤维或毛细管表面涂层的沉积过程与上述专利申请和共同待批专利申请中所描述的相同。
作为实例,铝,镍和氧化锡作为涂层材料已用上述对于光导纤维相同的方式施加于空心纤维和毛细管,此外,用作空心纤维或纤维管涂层材料的合金例如已有铁(Fe),铬(Cr),钴(Co)在镍中的合金。
上面已对本发明的两种实例进行了描述,因此不难理解本发明的工艺过程,只要不违背本发明所附权利要求书的实质精神和所提范围还可由本技术领域中的技术人员做许多改进和变化。
Claims (8)
1、一种增强纤维包括一个有外表面的玻璃纤维,以及在该外表面上涂有的单一气密涂层,所述外表面上的涂层之熔点在300℃以上,其特征在于:
所述在纤维表面上的涂层包括一种通过气相反应而形成的材料,所述材料选自一组金属,金属合金及氮化合物介电材料。
2、按权利要求1所述玻璃纤维和涂层的组合,其中汽相反应是在所说的纤维外表面上进行的。
3、按权利要求1所述玻璃纤维和涂层的组合,其中所用涂层材料可选自由下列材料:铝、镍、硅、钛、铜、钨、、氧化锡、氮化硅、氮化硼、氧化钛、氧化铝、氮氧化硅、碳化硅和碳化硼组成的这个组。
4、按权利要求1所述玻璃纤维和涂层的组合,其中所说的涂层材料的熔点在500℃以上。
5、按权利要求1所述玻璃纤维和涂层的组合,其中所说的介电材料包括金属的氧化物、氮化物和碳化物。
6、按权利要求1所述玻璃纤维和涂层的组合,其中所说的纤维为实心的纤维。
7、按权利要求1所述玻璃纤维和涂层的组合,其中所说的纤维为空心的纤维。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US74504685A | 1985-06-17 | 1985-06-17 | |
US745,046 | 1985-06-17 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN86104059A CN86104059A (zh) | 1986-12-17 |
CN86104059B true CN86104059B (zh) | 1988-11-09 |
Family
ID=24995030
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN86104059A Expired CN86104059B (zh) | 1985-06-17 | 1986-06-12 | 有高温涂层的玻璃纤维 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4750806A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0206721A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPS61292607A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN86104059B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU5843086A (zh) |
ES (1) | ES8801882A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (32)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4735856A (en) * | 1986-03-31 | 1988-04-05 | Spectran Corporation | Hermetic coatings for optical fiber and product |
US4874222A (en) * | 1986-03-31 | 1989-10-17 | Spectran Corporation | Hermetic coatings for non-silica based optical fibers |
US4883339A (en) * | 1987-07-17 | 1989-11-28 | Spectran Corporation | Oxide coatings for fluoride glass |
EP0306204B1 (en) * | 1987-08-27 | 1993-03-03 | AT&T Corp. | Optical fiber cable for use in high temperature contaminating environment |
JPH01171364U (zh) * | 1988-05-23 | 1989-12-05 | ||
US4964694A (en) * | 1988-07-26 | 1990-10-23 | Fujikura Ltd. | Optical fiber and apparatus for producing same |
US4889400A (en) * | 1988-08-08 | 1989-12-26 | The Boeing Company | Thermal resistivity coatings for optical fibers |
DE3837614A1 (de) * | 1988-11-05 | 1990-05-10 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Adsorptionsmittel fuer die chromatographie |
US5011566A (en) * | 1989-03-15 | 1991-04-30 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Method of manufacturing microscopic tube material |
US4938562A (en) * | 1989-07-14 | 1990-07-03 | Spectran Corporation | Oxide coatings for fluoride glass |
GB9202643D0 (en) * | 1992-02-07 | 1992-03-25 | Lucas Ind Plc | Improvements in polymer matrix composite structures |
US5492719A (en) * | 1994-08-05 | 1996-02-20 | De Cooper Jones; Mark | Polymer matrix composite structures |
US5772903A (en) * | 1996-09-27 | 1998-06-30 | Hirsch; Gregory | Tapered capillary optics |
US6949289B1 (en) | 1998-03-03 | 2005-09-27 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Impregnated glass fiber strands and products including the same |
US6593255B1 (en) | 1998-03-03 | 2003-07-15 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Impregnated glass fiber strands and products including the same |
US6419981B1 (en) | 1998-03-03 | 2002-07-16 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Impregnated glass fiber strands and products including the same |
US8105690B2 (en) | 1998-03-03 | 2012-01-31 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc | Fiber product coated with particles to adjust the friction of the coating and the interfilament bonding |
US6251342B1 (en) | 1998-06-01 | 2001-06-26 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Fluorescent fiber optic sensor element fabricated using sol-gel processing techniques |
WO2002057813A2 (en) | 2001-01-22 | 2002-07-25 | Gregory Hirsch | Pressed capillary optics |
US8062746B2 (en) * | 2003-03-10 | 2011-11-22 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Resin compatible yarn binder and uses thereof |
US7354641B2 (en) | 2004-10-12 | 2008-04-08 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Resin compatible yarn binder and uses thereof |
US7596072B2 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2009-09-29 | Seagate Technology Llc | Optical recording using a waveguide structure and a phase change medium |
FR2893149B1 (fr) | 2005-11-10 | 2008-01-11 | Draka Comteq France | Fibre optique monomode. |
GB0524838D0 (en) * | 2005-12-06 | 2006-01-11 | Sensornet Ltd | Sensing system using optical fiber suited to high temperatures |
FR2899693B1 (fr) * | 2006-04-10 | 2008-08-22 | Draka Comteq France | Fibre optique monomode. |
EP1930753B1 (en) * | 2006-12-04 | 2015-02-18 | Draka Comteq B.V. | Optical fiber with high Brillouin threshold power and low bending losses |
CN102099711B (zh) | 2007-11-09 | 2014-05-14 | 德雷卡通信技术公司 | 抗微弯光纤 |
FR2930997B1 (fr) * | 2008-05-06 | 2010-08-13 | Draka Comteq France Sa | Fibre optique monomode |
CN103540125B (zh) * | 2012-07-13 | 2016-08-31 | 黑龙江鑫达企业集团有限公司 | 一种耐高温导电ppo/pa6合金材料及其制备方法 |
DE102014203838A1 (de) | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-05 | J-Fiber Gmbh | Verfahren zur Metallisierung einer optischen Faser |
CN104176941B (zh) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-05-18 | 苏州新协力环保科技有限公司 | 一种新型密封涂层光纤 |
CN108912567A (zh) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-11-30 | 界首市天龙消防器材有限责任公司 | 一种高阻燃聚四氟乙烯消防栓制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (15)
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FR1394945A (fr) * | 1964-02-26 | 1965-04-09 | Comp Generale Electricite | Guide d'ondes à section circulaire pour la transmission d'ondes lumineuses ou infrarouges |
US4028080A (en) * | 1976-06-23 | 1977-06-07 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Method of treating optical waveguide fibers |
JPS6025381B2 (ja) * | 1978-11-24 | 1985-06-18 | 横河・ヒユ−レツト・パツカ−ド株式会社 | 光ファイバ被膜用炉 |
JPS5612602A (en) * | 1979-07-12 | 1981-02-07 | Asahi Optical Co Ltd | Fiber for energy transmission |
US4306897A (en) * | 1980-04-16 | 1981-12-22 | International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation | Method of fabricating fatigue resistant optical fibers |
US4321073A (en) * | 1980-10-15 | 1982-03-23 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Method and apparatus for forming metal coating on glass fiber |
US4418984A (en) * | 1980-11-03 | 1983-12-06 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Multiply coated metallic clad fiber optical waveguide |
JPS5858502A (ja) * | 1981-10-01 | 1983-04-07 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 被覆プラスチツク光フアイバ− |
JPS5858501A (ja) * | 1981-10-01 | 1983-04-07 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 被覆プラスチツク光フアイバ− |
US4512629A (en) * | 1982-03-30 | 1985-04-23 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Optical fiber with hermetic seal and method for making same |
US4518628A (en) * | 1982-05-28 | 1985-05-21 | International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation | Hermetic coating by heterogeneous nucleation thermochemical deposition |
US4468294A (en) * | 1983-05-19 | 1984-08-28 | Honeywell Inc. | Acoustic desensitization of optical fibers by means of nickel jackets |
GB2144343A (en) * | 1983-08-02 | 1985-03-06 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Optical fibre manufacture |
US4575463A (en) * | 1984-08-24 | 1986-03-11 | Itt Corporation | Method of applying hermetic coating on optical fiber |
US4592932A (en) * | 1984-06-26 | 1986-06-03 | Itt Corporation | Hermetic coating for an optical fiber |
-
1986
- 1986-03-10 US US06/838,223 patent/US4750806A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-06-06 AU AU58430/86A patent/AU5843086A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1986-06-12 CN CN86104059A patent/CN86104059B/zh not_active Expired
- 1986-06-16 EP EP86304631A patent/EP0206721A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1986-06-16 JP JP61138412A patent/JPS61292607A/ja active Pending
- 1986-06-16 ES ES556070A patent/ES8801882A1/es not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN86104059A (zh) | 1986-12-17 |
AU5843086A (en) | 1986-12-24 |
US4750806A (en) | 1988-06-14 |
ES556070A0 (es) | 1988-03-01 |
EP0206721A1 (en) | 1986-12-30 |
ES8801882A1 (es) | 1988-03-01 |
JPS61292607A (ja) | 1986-12-23 |
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