CN86102198A - The directly deoxy iron-smelting with two-stage cyclone Processes and apparatus - Google Patents
The directly deoxy iron-smelting with two-stage cyclone Processes and apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN86102198A CN86102198A CN 86102198 CN86102198A CN86102198A CN 86102198 A CN86102198 A CN 86102198A CN 86102198 CN86102198 CN 86102198 CN 86102198 A CN86102198 A CN 86102198A CN 86102198 A CN86102198 A CN 86102198A
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Abstract
The production technique of breeze-coal dust-shaft kiln directly reduced deoxy iron-smelting and equipment.Its adopt produce in melting and reducing shaft furnace greater than 1000 ℃ coal gas of high temperature, in whirlwind-type prereduction device, breeze is carried out prereduction, warm solid state reduction in cyclone type melting and reducing shaft furnace, the prereduction breeze being carried out (950 ℃ ±) and high-temperature fusion reduction (1800-2000 ℃) the present invention be raw material with the breeze, with the coal dust is fuel, save a large amount of expensive metallurgical cokes and electric power, technology is simple, operation, control are conveniently, initial cost is few, and production cost is low, cut down the consumption of energy, remarkable in economical benefits.
Description
The present invention belongs to the production technique of breeze-fine coal-shaft kiln directly reduced deoxy iron-smelting and equipment.
Iron-smelting process in industrial application mainly contains at present:
1, based on the blast furnace-converter technology of metallurgical coke;
2, based on the direct current furnace reducing process of raw coal;
3, based on the melting gasifier-reduction furnace smelting reduction process of raw coal.
The shortcoming of above-mentioned three kinds of iron-smelting process is:
1, traditional blast furnace ironmaking must be with sintering, and pellet or lump ore are raw material, is fuel with the metallurgical coke of costliness, the fusion process complex process, and the energy consumption height need be built auxiliary process factories such as sintering plant, nodulizing factory, coke-oven plant.Initial cost is big, cost is high, complicated operation.
2, pre-reducing furnace-direct current electric arc furnace ironmaking is raw material with the fine ore, carries out prereduction in the cycle of higher pressure fluidized-bed, carries out whole reduction in direct current electric arc furnace, and current consumption is big, and the cost height is unsuitable for the power shortages area and uses.
3, melting gasifier-reduction furnace ironmaking, be raw material also with lump ore and pellet, with the raw coal is fuel, in melting gasifier and reduction furnace, finish reducing gas respectively, fusing sponge iron and reduction of iron ore task, this just makes equipment complicated, in reduction process, need a large amount of oxygen, the oxyen manutactory must be set, also auxiliary factories such as sintering, nodulizing, complex process need be set.
The present invention is with sophisticated non-ferrous metal metallurgy and produce the used cyclone furnace technology of fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, be used for ironmaking through transforming, in fusion reducing furnace, produce coal gas, in whirlwind-type prereduction device, breeze is carried out prereduction, with the pressurization purified gas prereduction breeze is sent in the shaft furnace and carried out melting and reducing with coal gas of high temperature.
Technological process of the present invention is as follows:
1, send hot blast: by reducing and smelting shaft furnace (4) top, the air port, bottom will be sent in the stove greater than 1000 ℃ hot blast (21).
2, the powder of delivering coal:, then open the coal dust e Foerderanlage coal dust (17) is sent in the stove waste gas (15) pressurization with gas compressor (13), make it generate CO in the stove internal combustion
2, combustion exhaust passes through one-level prereduction device (8), secondary prereduction device (9), waste heat recovery stove (11), dry collector (12), gas compressor (13), CO through waste heat boiler (3) along pipeline
2, SO
2The air in pipeline and the equipment is driven away on absorption tower (14).
3, adjust the ratio of coal dust input (17) and hot blast rate (21), to make combustion products be CO and it is sent into the coal gas treatment system, sends after press (13) is pressurizeed.
4, supply with fine ore: start screw feeder (2), send into breeze, breeze is through one-level prereduction device (8), and secondary prereduction device (9) carries out prereduction.
5, send the pressurization purified gas: with the pressurization purified gas prereduction breeze is spurted in the melting and reducing shaft furnace (4) and reduced.
6, slag tap and tap a blast furnace: the molten iron and the slag that generate of reduction eventually, emit through iron mouth (5) and cinder notch (6).
Technology of the present invention institute use equipment comprises:
Breeze is stored and handling machinery (1), screw feeder (2), melting and reducing shaft furnace (4), vane-type eddy flow fuel nozzle (7), prereduction device (8), (9), revolution material feeder (10), waste-heat recoverer (11), waste heat boiler (3), gas compressor (13), CO
2, SO
2Absorption tower (14), dry collector (12).
Iron manufacturing process of the present invention and principle:
Iron manufacturing process of the present invention is divided into two stages:
1, the prereduction stage: control pressurization purified gas temperature makes it to keep greater than 1000 ℃.With speed breeze is sent into prereduction device (8) and (9) greater than 15 meter per seconds, in the spiralling of coal gas, CO+H in particulate iron mineral and the coal gas
2Contact is reduced at a low price ferriferous oxide and part metals iron, solid settlement and coal gas rises and flow along pipeline.
Complex reaction takes place with after the breeze of normal temperature contacts in 1000 ℃ coal gas, and temperature is reduced to 750 ℃, under this temperature, and prereduction Du Keda 40～60%.
2, whole reduction phase: reduction is carried out in fusion reducing furnace eventually, and reduction process is temperature (950 ℃ ±) solid state reduction district in (1), (2) high temperature melting district (1800-2000 ℃), (3) throat shrinking zone, (4) crucible zone.
(1) warm reduction zone in:
Material after the prereduction is heated to about 950 ℃ once again, under comparatively high temps, carry out solid state reduction simultaneously again, to improve reduction degree.
The high-temperature hot-air that enters with tangent line or secant direction produces swirling motion and also makes coal dust firing generate CO, iron mineral in coal gas eddy flow and turbulent motion, the CO+H of mineral particle and reducing gas
2Contact closely is reduced into Fe admittedly.
In 900～1000 ℃ of scopes, CO content is almost 100% but in the oxidation and reduction zone of combustion processes in the balance gas phase composition, and the coal gas composition is to produce wrong track to change.
(2) high temperature reduction district:
Greater than 1000 ℃ hot blast,, make coal dust firing generate 1800～2000 ℃ coal gas of high temperature with oxygen enrichment or oxygen enrichment not.
The solid state reduction iron and the material that descend melt in local area, and have part metals iron to reoxidize.
In the swirling motion of coal gas, the slag iron liquid that is melted is thrown to the furnace wall by centrifugation, and flows down along the furnace wall.
The coal grain of larger particles is also thrown to the furnace wall and is sticked on the molten slag, and FeO contacts with the coal grain in the slag, directly is reduced into liquid iron, also drops to cupola well along the furnace wall.
Combustion flame can be divided into oxydizing flame band and reducing flame band.
3, throat shrinking zone:
Because superfluous coal dust exists, CO takes place in this district
2The thermo-negative reaction of+C=2CO, gas temperature descends to some extent, and the coal gas composition all is CO.
When coal gas was flowed through the throat of shrinking zone, flow velocity improved several times, made high temperature air jet produce the perturbation effect to cupola well supernatant liquid interface, helped desulfurizing iron.
Melt is in the contraction of circling round fast, and collision gathers into big drop by fine drop mutually.After throat, volume enlarges suddenly, and drop in the coal gas and coal grain etc. are because inertia effect drops in the cupola well.
4, crucible zone:
Material divides three layers of upper, middle and lowers in the cupola well: upper strata one coal granulosa, middle level one molten slag layer, lower floor's one molten iron layer.
The chemical reaction of crucible zone is:
Direct reduction FeO+C → Fe+CO ↑ carry out at burnt granulosa and slag interface.
Carburizing 3Fe+C → Fe
3C drips at iron and carries out when passing the coke powder layer.
Desulfurization FeS+CaO+C → Fe+CaS+CO ↑ carry out at slag iron interface.
Accompanying drawing is an eddy flow directly deoxy iron-smelting with two-stage process flow sheet:
The 1-breeze is stored and handling machinery 2-screw feeder 3-waste heat boiler 4-melting and reducing shaft furnace 5-iron mouth 6-cinder notch 7-vane-type eddy flow fuel nozzle 8-one-level eddy flow prereduction device 9-secondary eddy flow prereduction device 10-revolution material feeder 11-waste heat recovery stove 12-dry collector 13-gas compressor 14-CO
2, SO
215-outer gas delivery 16-in absorption tower send hotblast stove coal gas 17-coal dust input 18-recovery furnace dirt 19-lime powder input 20-pressurization purified gas transfer lime 21-greater than 1000 ℃ of hot blasts (oxygen enrichment or not oxygen enrichment) 22-temperature adjustment pressurization purified gas.
The advantage of technology of the present invention is:
(1) can directly adopt the breeze of 0～7 μ m, need not carry out sintering, nodulizing gives processing, has simplified technology, has reduced equipment attrition.
2, use cheap bituminous coal or anthracite to be fuel, need not use expensive metallurgical coke and electric power, production cost is reduced greatly, be specially adapted to lack the area of coking coal resource and power shortages.
3, need not set up sintering, the auxiliary process factories such as nodulizing factory, coke-oven plant, oxyen manutactory. Make capital expenditure save about 60%.
4, thermal efficiency height, energy consumption is low, and technology institute's consuming electric power of the present invention and steam all can be self-supporting, can outwards provide residual gas and electric energy in addition. The present invention smelts iron net energy consumption and is 1.7GCal/t, and the direct-current arc oven process is 3.39GCal/t, and melting gasifier-reduction oven process is 2.5GCal/t.
Device therefor advantage of the present invention is:
1, breeze carries out prereduction in the prereduction device, has reduced the direct-reduction in the cupola well, has guaranteed that cupola well has enough temperature, makes scum have sufficient temperature and good flowability.
2, replace traditional pipe stove with regenerative hot blast stove, wind-warm syndrome is brought up to 700 ℃ from 400 ℃ in the stove, has replenished because coal dust firing not exclusively generates the heat that CO reduces.
3, add refractory lining in the pre-prototype of employing rotoclone collector mode, replace the orifice plate fluid bed reduction, needing to have avoided strict control air velocity to reach the shortcomings such as eyelet wearing and tearing, obstruction take place easily.
4, adopt dry dust removal, the dust closed cycle method has been eliminated the pollution of dust emission to environment.
5, adopt gas compressor, improve purified gas pressure, blow coal dust and prereduction breeze with the pressurization purified gas, avoided reoxidizing of prereduction breeze, reduced the coal resource of the unit pig iron.
6, adopt SO2And CO2Absorption plant has improved the purified gas quality, has reduced in the waste gas harmful substance to the pollution of environment.
7, adopt the boiler tube gasification type of cooling to reclaim heat energy and be used for generating, both utilized waste heat, reduced again energy consumption.
The invention process condition:
1, in spiral-flow type prereduction device (8), (9), adds the anti-refractory lining of high temperature more than 750 ℃.
2, transform cyclone furnace by the blast cylinder requirement, make it to be applicable to iron-smelting process.
3, the supply air system of cyclone furnace, the pipe stove that adopts traditional blast furnace regenerative hot blast stove to replace nonferrous metallurgy to use.
Errata
Claims (9)
1, the invention belongs to the production technique and the equipment of breeze-coal dust-shaft kiln directly reduced deoxy iron-smelting.Described technology comprises send hot blast, the powder of delivering coal, adjust coal dust and air quantity ratio, burning generates CO, supplies with fine ore and carries out prereduction, and the prereduction breeze is carried out whole reduction, the molten iron of slagging tap, it is characterized in that in the whirlwind mode breeze being carried out prereduction, in cyclone furnace, carry out whole reduction in two sections melting and reducing modes with pressurization purified gas pulverized coal conveying and breeze.
2, pressurization purified gas pulverized coal conveying according to claim 1 and breeze is characterized in that pulverized coal conveying and breeze at normal temperatures, to guarantee that the prereduction breeze is not reoxidized.
3, according to claim 1 breeze is carried out prereduction, it is characterized in that breeze and coal gas can also can carry out prereduction in the prereduction device of whirlwind-type in fluidized-bed.
4, two sections melting and reducings according to claim 1 is characterized in that this melting and reducing at 950 ℃ ± warm solid state reduction in carrying out, and carry out the high-temperature fusion reduction in 1800-2000 ℃ of scope.
5, according to claim 1 and 4 described in warm solid state reduction, it is characterized in that when the mineral particle of prereduction is made swirling motion along with the high-temperature hot-air that enters with tangent line or secant, being reduced into solid iron.
6, according to claim 1 and 4 described high-temperature fusion reduction, it is characterized in that it use greater than 1000 ℃ oxygen enrichment or not the high-temperature hot-air of oxygen enrichment make coal dust firing generate coal gas of high temperature, make part FeO reduction generate liquid iron, this dissolves liquid throws to the furnace wall by centrifugal action and drops in the cupola well along the furnace wall in making swirling motion.
7, equipment used in the present invention comprises breeze handling machinery (1) screw feeder (2), melting and reducing shaft furnace (4), vane-type eddy flow fuel nozzle (7), prereduction device (8), (9), revolution material feeder (10), waste-heat recoverer (11), waste heat boiler (3) gas compressor (13), CO
2, SO
2Absorption tower (14), dry collector (12) is characterized in that described melting and reducing shaft furnace (4), and prereduction device (8) (9) can be a whirlwind-type prereduction equipment, also can be fluidized-bed prereduction equipment.
8, melting and reducing shaft furnace according to claim 7 (4) is characterized in that it needs in the whirlwind cupola well refractory lining to be set by the blast furnace requirement, enables long-term grand amount molten iron.
9, whirlwind-type prereduction device according to claim 7 (8), (9) is characterized in that the refractory materials of this prereduction device liner can anti-high-temperature refractory more than 750 ℃, and coal gas and breeze are done the whirlwind-type motion in this reducer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86102198 CN86102198A (en) | 1986-04-03 | 1986-04-03 | The directly deoxy iron-smelting with two-stage cyclone Processes and apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86102198 CN86102198A (en) | 1986-04-03 | 1986-04-03 | The directly deoxy iron-smelting with two-stage cyclone Processes and apparatus |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN86102198A true CN86102198A (en) | 1987-12-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86102198 Pending CN86102198A (en) | 1986-04-03 | 1986-04-03 | The directly deoxy iron-smelting with two-stage cyclone Processes and apparatus |
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1040774C (en) * | 1994-07-01 | 1998-11-18 | 和格文斯·格罗普公司 | Method and apparatus for production of iron from iron compounds |
| CN1045009C (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 1999-09-08 | 孙秉权 | Method and equipment for jet reduction for making pig iron |
| CN101892339A (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2010-11-24 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Melting reduction device and method |
| CN102031326A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-04-27 | 张成顺 | Ironmaking process for directly smelting and reducing iron ore concentrate powder |
| CN102137915A (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2011-07-27 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Method of coal gasification and direct ironmaking and system therefor |
| CN102337369A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-02-01 | 北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司 | High-wind-temperature rotational flow injection disturbance melting reduction and prereduction combination device and method |
| CN101978079B (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2013-01-02 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Method for producing molten iron |
| CN103667576A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-03-26 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Metal smelting method |
| CN103993115A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-08-20 | 邱江波 | Drying and reducing integrated flash ironmaking apparatus and ironmaking method |
| CN104048515A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-09-17 | 邱江波 | Flue gas treatment equipment and flue gas treatment method |
| CN104357655A (en) * | 2014-10-25 | 2015-02-18 | 河南太行全利重工股份有限公司 | Continuous ore reduction and hot-charging steelmaking device |
| CN104374669A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-02-25 | 东北大学 | Direct reduction and smelting reduction linked testing device and use method thereof |
| CN104513878A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-15 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for outputting coal gas by effectively utilizing melting reduction furnace |
| CN107299177A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-10-27 | 北京大学 | A kind of reduction of iron ore fines device and method of fluid structurecoupling |
| CN111139330A (en) * | 2020-01-23 | 2020-05-12 | 北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司 | Iron-containing material preheating and pre-reducing device |
| CN111411185A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-14 | 刘虎才 | Equipment capable of reducing metal and reduction process |
| WO2021105400A1 (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-06-03 | Tata Steel Ijmuiden B.V. | Apparatus for the production of molten iron |
| CN113234933A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-10 | 华南理工大学 | Recovery system for treating electric furnace dust by using methane |
-
1986
- 1986-04-03 CN CN 86102198 patent/CN86102198A/en active Pending
Cited By (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1040774C (en) * | 1994-07-01 | 1998-11-18 | 和格文斯·格罗普公司 | Method and apparatus for production of iron from iron compounds |
| CN1045009C (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 1999-09-08 | 孙秉权 | Method and equipment for jet reduction for making pig iron |
| CN101978079B (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2013-01-02 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Method for producing molten iron |
| CN102137915A (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2011-07-27 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Method of coal gasification and direct ironmaking and system therefor |
| CN101892339A (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2010-11-24 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Melting reduction device and method |
| CN102031326A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-04-27 | 张成顺 | Ironmaking process for directly smelting and reducing iron ore concentrate powder |
| CN102031326B (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2012-05-02 | 张成顺 | Ironmaking process for directly smelting and reducing iron ore concentrate powder |
| CN102337369A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-02-01 | 北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司 | High-wind-temperature rotational flow injection disturbance melting reduction and prereduction combination device and method |
| CN104513878A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-15 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for outputting coal gas by effectively utilizing melting reduction furnace |
| CN103667576A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-03-26 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Metal smelting method |
| CN103993115B (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2018-02-02 | 北京闪铁科技有限公司 | Dry integrated with reduction flash ironmaking equipment and iron smelting method |
| CN103993115A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-08-20 | 邱江波 | Drying and reducing integrated flash ironmaking apparatus and ironmaking method |
| CN104048515A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-09-17 | 邱江波 | Flue gas treatment equipment and flue gas treatment method |
| CN104048515B (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2016-08-24 | 天津闪速炼铁技术有限公司 | Fume treatment auxiliary and the method processing flue gas |
| CN104357655B (en) * | 2014-10-25 | 2016-10-05 | 河南太行全利重工股份有限公司 | Ore reduces continuously and send steel-smelting device with heat |
| CN104357655A (en) * | 2014-10-25 | 2015-02-18 | 河南太行全利重工股份有限公司 | Continuous ore reduction and hot-charging steelmaking device |
| CN104374669A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-02-25 | 东北大学 | Direct reduction and smelting reduction linked testing device and use method thereof |
| CN104374669B (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2017-02-22 | 东北大学 | Direct reduction and smelting reduction linked testing device and use method thereof |
| CN107299177A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-10-27 | 北京大学 | A kind of reduction of iron ore fines device and method of fluid structurecoupling |
| WO2021105400A1 (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-06-03 | Tata Steel Ijmuiden B.V. | Apparatus for the production of molten iron |
| CN111139330A (en) * | 2020-01-23 | 2020-05-12 | 北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司 | Iron-containing material preheating and pre-reducing device |
| CN111411185A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-14 | 刘虎才 | Equipment capable of reducing metal and reduction process |
| WO2021227210A1 (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2021-11-18 | 刘虎才 | Apparatus capable of reducing metal, and reduction process |
| CN113234933A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-10 | 华南理工大学 | Recovery system for treating electric furnace dust by using methane |
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