CN1560552A - Hot-blast cupola and its smelting method - Google Patents
Hot-blast cupola and its smelting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1560552A CN1560552A CNA2004100141561A CN200410014156A CN1560552A CN 1560552 A CN1560552 A CN 1560552A CN A2004100141561 A CNA2004100141561 A CN A2004100141561A CN 200410014156 A CN200410014156 A CN 200410014156A CN 1560552 A CN1560552 A CN 1560552A
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Abstract
The invention provides a new heat weathered iron furnace and the melting method. The heat weathered iron furnace of the invention has furnace cylinder, furnace body, furnace top, the furnace cylinder has dredge aperture and iron aperture, the furnace cylinder is movable, the furnace top is connected with a hot wind chamber, on which a dust extractor is connected, the lower part of the furnace body has a water cooling single wind aperture, a spiral metal heat exchanger is arranged in the hot wind chamber, that connected to the cooling pipe of the exchanger is a small high pressure air blaster, the water cooling single wind aperture is connected to the hot wind pipe. The melting method includes the preprocess to material, cool block processing, melting, in the melting process, the fuel, solvent are added in, at the same time, preheated high temperature hot wind is blasted into the furnace, then carries melting to generate iron water, then the discharged iron water is cast or cast after desulphurization and dephophorization.
Description
Technical field
A kind of novel hot-blast cupola and method of smelting thereof, it is a kind of blast furnace type cupola furnace, particularly relate to hot-blast cupola to the method that the obsolete material that contains iron content profits mixing such as scum, iron content throwing ash, iron content mud carries out melting, belong to smelting iron and steel and machine casting technical field.
Background technology
Various precision metallic abrasive articles, as metallic articles such as cylinder sleeve, piston ring, bearing, steel ball, seals in the attrition process process, add diesel oil or other aqueous fusion agent, can produce a large amount of plaster that contains ferroalloy and emery wheel ash like this, measure few being abandoned, measure big then being concentrated and send to the ferric charge use that steel plant make iron making and sintering, but phosphorous height, silica height in most iron mud, belong to the substandard products iron material, contaminated environment is used so only made cheap raw material by minimill again; So value is low, the oil-containing pug also has and is used as the fuel of baking bricks, and incomplete combustion when baking bricks produces a large amount of smoke pollution environments especially.
The vague generalization iron furnace is cold wind, windy mouth, or simple and easy bellows preheating air blast is arranged, type of furnace straight barrel type, rare vase type, the common process that adopts molten pig iron to cast.Also there are the slag steel, granulated iron, the machinery iron bit that use steel plant to smelt, horizontal hot air room hot-blast cupola, chimney stack is invested greatlyyer, and payoff period is long.But the easy oxidation of powder, gas permeability is poor, and silica content height in the emery wheel ash, and is about 10%, and the fusing point height uses this kind cupola furnace and the common process can't the described scrap iron material of melting.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of and can effectively utilize discarded iron content profit raw material, free from environmental pollution again, simple in structure, cupola furnace and the method for smelting thereof being convenient to operate at the defective that above-mentioned prior art exists.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the present invention adopts a kind of hot-blast cupola, cupola well is arranged, shaft, furnace roof, cupola well partly has slag notch and tapping hole, tapping hole is the siphon tapping mouth, the slag notch position is higher than tapping hole, its structure is as follows: the hot-blast cupola type of furnace is blast furnace formula curve, cupola well is movable cupola well, and the furnace roof upper vertical connects the hot blast room, and top, hot blast room connects deduster, there is the only air port of water-cooled the bottom of described shaft near the cupola well place, the metal fever heat exchange of heat pipe that spirals is arranged in the hot blast room, and what join with the cool air hose of heat exchange of heat pipe is to be positioned at the outer little high pressure blower of stove, and what link to each other with its warm-air pipe is the only air port of water-cooled; The shaft top is the flat-top mouth, and shaft inside is built into by refractory brick, and shaft outer wall water spray is to fall casing temperature.
Described hot blast room vertical junction is on fire door, and its inner heat exchange of heat pipe is two-way steel pipe or stainless steel tube disk ring weldering system.
In the described hot blast of shaft top attaching room, the heat exchange of heat pipe that spirals is arranged in the hot blast room, by the high-temperature furnace gas of discharging in stove second-time burning in the hot blast room, warm-air pipe cold wind is blown in stove by water cooled tuyere after the heat exchanger tube preheating of described hot blast heat exchanger by the outer little high pressure blower of stove simultaneously, and waste gas discharges out of the furnace through deduster in the stove.
Described hot blast roof portion connects the dedusting cap, and dedusting does not need to add in addition power.Waste gas carries out the secondary cyclone dedusting through the dedusting cap again in the stove behind the gravitational dust collection in hot blast room, enters atmosphere again, therefore can not pollute.
The little centrifugal high pressure fan of described little high pressure blower adapted, air quantity increases with the cupola well diameter, and blast is between 12000Pa～20000Pa, and the cupola well diameter is from 700～1300mm, and corresponding air quantity is from 40～80m
3/ min.
Described movable cupola well is that cupola well and shaft are separable, and cupola well can be along the track turnover shaft of thereunder laying.
Described blast furnace formula curve is meant that the cupola furnace burner hearth is blast furnace formula curve, and high wind-warm syndrome, little high pressure can produce certain reducing atmosphere in the stove, helps the melting of raw material in the stove.
The only air port of described water-cooled is meant that shaft has only an air port, and downward-sloping about 10 °～25 ° of level is inserted in the stove, double-decker, water flowing cooling.Wherein solely the air port is an optimum condition for downward-sloping 15 °.
The method of smelting of described hot-blast cupola, its step is as follows:
(1) the profit mechanical lapping iron content pug of collecting is done preliminary treatment earlier;
(2) add again and make cold solid piece or ball behind binding agent or the carbon element;
(3) described or ball are smash the cupola furnace melting of packing into of material, flux with addition of coke or electrode scrap or useless carbon;
(4) be blown into high-temperature hot-air through preheating in stove, melting produces molten iron, with the molten iron ingot casting of discharging or directly cast.
Described grinding iron mud is meant ferric charge sand millings such as piston, piston ring, cylinder sleeve, bearing, steel ball, the iron mud material of the oil-containing that produces in the grinding, sand;
Described preliminary treatment comprises squeezes oil, removal foreign material.
Described cold-consolidated ball, piece are meant behind clamp dog or ball, shelve natural coagulation and reach desirable strength, need not pass through roasting process.
Described binding agent has calcium hydroxide, paper pulp or waterglass.
Described flux has lime stone, slag.
Described carbon element has coke powder, barren rock ink powder, is also referred to as internal combustion ball or piece.
Described high-temperature hot-air temperature is more than 400 degree.
Described molten iron is directly cast, and also can require to carry out to cast after alloying elements such as external desulfurzation, dephosphorization, increase silicon are handled according to foundry goods again.
Reaction principle: mechanical lapping contains the iron sand pug and add binding agent and the cold clamp dog of coke powder before oxidation, and because of the cold-consolidated ball piece, wherein iron powder can spontaneous combustion and oxidation; Because of the smelting furnace type of furnace, pressure field, temperature field and carbon element ball piece, make to be faint reducing atmosphere in the stove again, reduce or avoided iron powder in stove, the particularly oxidation on stove top.
Beneficial effect
Utilize hot-blast cupola provided by the invention and method of smelting thereof, can reach following effect:
1, utilize discharge coal gas of high temperature and second-time burning in the hot blast room in the stove, more than heat exchange of heat pipe heating wind-warm syndrome to 400 degree, high wind-warm syndrome improves fusion temperature, can melt to contain the grey high raw material of emery wheel, also reduces the oxidation of raw material in stove.
2, adopt only air port, wind concentration easily produces the furnace high-temperature fusion zone, and furnace gas is through second-time burning, and energy savings reduces and pollutes.
3, cupola furnace type blast furnaceization adopts little high pressure positive blower, high wind-warm syndrome, makes and produces certain reducing atmosphere in the stove.
4, the outer water cooling of water cooled tuyere and stove skin can be produced continuously.
5, the cupola furnace is simple in structure, and is easy to operate.
6, effectively utilize obsolete material, free from environmental pollution.
7, can refine the raw material abundance, small investment, production cost is low, instant effect, remarkable in economical benefits.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation in cupola furnace.
The movable cupola well 3-of 1-air blast 2-slag notch
The only air port of 4-tapping hole 5-water-cooled 6-shaft
8-flat-top fire door 9-hot blast room, 7-furnace wall
10-steel pipe heat exchanger 11-coal gas stream 12-dedusting cap
The 13-track
As Fig. 1, cupola furnace of the present invention type is blast furnace formula curve, burner hearth is blast furnace formula curve, movable cupola well 2, fusing shaft 6, fire door 8, hot blast room 9 and dedusting cap 12 are arranged, wherein said movable cupola well 2 parts have slag notch 3 and tapping hole 4, described tapping hole 4 is the siphon tapping mouth, and slag notch 3 positions are higher than tapping hole 4; There is the only air port 5 of water-cooled the bottom of described fusing shaft part 6 near the cupola well place, and the shaft top is a flat-top fire door 8, adds raw material from flat-top fire door 8 in stove; Shaft outer wall 7 waters spray is to fall casing temperature; Shaft inside has refractory brick to be built into, in the described hot blast of shaft top attaching room 9, connect dedusting cap 12 at its top, the steel pipe heat exchanger 10 that spirals is arranged in hot blast room 9, discharge furnace high-temperature coal gas stream 11 second-time burning and heating heat exchanger 10 in hot blast room 9, air blast is bloated by the outer little high pressure blower 1 of stove, and through described hot blast heat exchanger 10, hot blast after being heated is blown in the stove from water cooled tuyere 5, and waste gas discharges out of the furnace through dedusting cap 12 in the stove.Downward-sloping about 15 ° of the only air port of water-cooled 5 levels are inserted in the stove, double-decker, water flowing cooling.
Lay track below cupola well 2, cupola well 2 is separable with shaft 6, and cupola well 2 can be along track 13 turnover shafts 6.
Little high pressure blower 1 is little centrifugal high pressure fan, and blast is between 12000Pa～20000Pa, and the cupola well diameter is between 700～1300mm, and corresponding air quantity is at 40～80m
3About/min.
Waste gas carries out the secondary cyclone dedusting through the dedusting cap again in the hot blast room 9 apical grafting dedusting caps 12, stove behind the gravitational dust collection in hot blast room, enters atmosphere again, therefore can not pollute.
The method of utilizing above-mentioned hot-blast cupola that iron-bearing material is carried out melting, embodiment is as follows:
Embodiment 1, employed raw material is that ferrous grade is about 50%, the oiliness iron content mud shape raw material of silica between 9～11%, at first raw material is done and squeezed oily preliminary treatment, then add binding agent and flux, briquet or ball then, present embodiment is made binding agent and flux with calcium hydroxide, then the ball behind cold the consolidating, piece iron-bearing material are added the cupola furnace with addition of coke and carry out melting, in stove, be blown into simultaneously the high-temperature hot-air more than 400 ℃ through preheating, melting produces molten iron, and the molten iron of discharging is poured into wear resistance castings after external desulfurzation.Coke ratio is controlled at about 700kg/t iron.
Embodiment 2: employed raw material is that ferrous grade is about 45%, the water-based iron content mud shape raw material of silica between 9～11%, through preliminary treatment such as letter sorting foreign material, then add binding agent paper pulp or waterglass, add flux stone flour and coke powder, briquet or ball, then cold piece or ball after solid allocated into and added the cupola furnace behind coke and the flux and carry out melting, in stove, be blown into simultaneously high-temperature hot-air through preheating, melting produces molten iron, with the molten iron ingot casting of discharge or through ingot casting behind external desulfurzation, the phosphorus.Coke ratio is controlled at about 850kg/t iron.
Claims (12)
1. hot-blast cupola, cupola well is arranged, shaft, furnace roof, cupola well partly has slag notch and tapping hole, tapping hole is the siphon tapping mouth, the slag notch position is higher than tapping hole, it is characterized in that: the hot-blast cupola type of furnace is blast furnace formula curve, cupola well is movable cupola well, the furnace roof upper vertical connects the hot blast room, top, hot blast room connects deduster, and there is the only air port of water-cooled the bottom of described shaft near the cupola well place, and the shaft top is the flat-top mouth, shaft outer wall water spray, the shaft inwall is built into by refractory brick, in the described hot blast of shaft top attaching room, the metal fever heat exchange of heat pipe that spirals is arranged in the hot blast room, what join with the cool air hose of heat exchange of heat pipe is to be positioned at the outer little high pressure blower of stove, and what link to each other with its warm-air pipe is the only air port of water-cooled.
2, hot-blast cupola according to claim 1 is characterized in that: hot blast room vertical junction is on fire door, and its inner heat exchange of heat pipe is two-way steel pipe or stainless steel tube disk ring weldering system; Described hot blast roof portion connects the dedusting cap, to reach the purpose of double-deck dedusting.
3, hot-blast cupola according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the only air port of described water-cooled is meant that shaft has only an air port, and downward-sloping about 10 °～25 ° of level is inserted in the stove, double-decker, water flowing cooling.
4, hot-blast cupola according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described little high pressure blower is little centrifugal high pressure fan, and blast is about 12000Pa～20000Pa, and the cupola well diameter is from 700～1300mm, and corresponding air quantity is at 40～80m
3About/min.
5, according to claim 1 or 4 described hot-blast cupolas, it is characterized in that: described movable cupola well is that cupola well and shaft are separable, and cupola well is along the track turnover shaft of thereunder laying.
6, hot-blast cupola according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described blast furnace formula curve is meant that burner hearth is blast furnace formula curve.
7, according to claim 1 or 3 described hot-blast cupolas, it is characterized in that: the only air port of described water-cooled is optimum condition for downward-sloping 15 °.
8, the method for smelting of hot-blast cupola according to claim 1, its step is as follows:
(1) the profit mechanical lapping iron content pug of collecting is done preliminary treatment earlier;
(2) add again and make cold solid piece or ball behind binding agent or the carbon element;
(3) described or ball are smash the cupola furnace melting of packing into of material, flux with addition of coke or electrode scrap or useless carbon;
(4) be blown into high-temperature hot-air through preheating in stove, melting produces molten iron, with the molten iron ingot casting of discharging or directly cast.
9, the method for smelting of hot-blast cupola according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described grinding iron mud is meant ferric charge sand millings such as piston, piston ring, cylinder sleeve, bearing, steel ball, the iron mud material of the oil-containing that produces in the grinding, sand; Described preliminary treatment comprises squeezes oil, removal foreign material.
10, the method for smelting of hot-blast cupola according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described cold-consolidated ball, piece are meant behind clamp dog or ball, shelve natural coagulation and reach desirable strength, without roasting process.
11, the method for smelting of hot-blast cupola according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described binding agent has calcium hydroxide, paper pulp or waterglass; Described flux has lime stone, slag; Described carbon element has coke powder, barren rock ink powder, is also referred to as internal combustion ball or piece.
12, the method for smelting of hot-blast cupola according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described high-temperature hot-air temperature is more than 400 degree; Described molten iron is directly cast, and also can require to carry out to cast after alloying elements such as external desulfurzation, dephosphorization, increase silicon are handled according to foundry goods again.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2004100141561A CN1560552A (en) | 2004-02-26 | 2004-02-26 | Hot-blast cupola and its smelting method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2004100141561A CN1560552A (en) | 2004-02-26 | 2004-02-26 | Hot-blast cupola and its smelting method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1560552A true CN1560552A (en) | 2005-01-05 |
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ID=34440226
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2004100141561A Pending CN1560552A (en) | 2004-02-26 | 2004-02-26 | Hot-blast cupola and its smelting method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101880738A (en) * | 2010-08-09 | 2010-11-10 | 陈金球 | Method for producing cast iron by substituting carbonized coal balls for coke |
| CN103836907A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-06-04 | 维克特新材料江苏有限公司 | Split type cupola furnace |
| CN104609422A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-05-13 | 四川省川威集团有限公司 | Calcium carbide manufacturing equipment and calcium carbide manufacturing method |
| CN109357537A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-02-19 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of uniform furnace cupola of cloth |
-
2004
- 2004-02-26 CN CNA2004100141561A patent/CN1560552A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101880738A (en) * | 2010-08-09 | 2010-11-10 | 陈金球 | Method for producing cast iron by substituting carbonized coal balls for coke |
| CN103836907A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-06-04 | 维克特新材料江苏有限公司 | Split type cupola furnace |
| CN104609422A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-05-13 | 四川省川威集团有限公司 | Calcium carbide manufacturing equipment and calcium carbide manufacturing method |
| CN109357537A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-02-19 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of uniform furnace cupola of cloth |
| CN109357537B (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2020-03-17 | 南京工程学院 | Cupola furnace with uniform distribution |
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