CN85109393A - N-烷基-n膦酰甲基甘氨酸的热脱烷基化反应 - Google Patents
N-烷基-n膦酰甲基甘氨酸的热脱烷基化反应 Download PDFInfo
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- CN85109393A CN85109393A CN85109393.0A CN85109393A CN85109393A CN 85109393 A CN85109393 A CN 85109393A CN 85109393 A CN85109393 A CN 85109393A CN 85109393 A CN85109393 A CN 85109393A
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- alkyl
- phosphonomethylglycine
- alkali
- salt
- phenyl
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- 238000006900 dealkylation reaction Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 26
- XDDAORKBJWWYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyphosate Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCP(O)(O)=O XDDAORKBJWWYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 6
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 108010077895 Sarcosine Proteins 0.000 abstract 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000792 Monel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 238000007327 hydrogenolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoroform Chemical compound FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OCKPCBLVNKHBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 OCKPCBLVNKHBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000005000 thioaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ALLIZEAXNXSFGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2-phenylbenzene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ALLIZEAXNXSFGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YOJKKXRJMXIKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitro-2-phenylbenzene Chemical group [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YOJKKXRJMXIKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIWJBYZZVNVZBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[tert-butyl(phosphonomethyl)amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(C(C)(C)C)CP(O)(O)=O YIWJBYZZVNVZBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous methyl chloride Natural products ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004074 biphenyls Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004799 bromophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000068 chlorophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004802 cyanophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000020335 dealkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004188 dichlorophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001207 fluorophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008098 formaldehyde solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 229940050176 methyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000006501 nitrophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalonitrile Chemical class N#CC#N JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007970 thio esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/38—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
- C07F9/44—Amides thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/38—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
- C07F9/3804—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)] not used, see subgroups
- C07F9/3808—Acyclic saturated acids which can have further substituents on alkyl
- C07F9/3813—N-Phosphonomethylglycine; Salts or complexes thereof
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明阐述了制备N-酰甲基甘氨酸的碱金属盐的方法。其中包括把N-烷基-N-酰甲基甘氨酸的二(元)或三(元)碱金属盐的水溶液加热,使其升高到一个较高的温度。该N-烷基取代物,至少在β-碳原子上含有一个氢原子。
Description
本发明是关于通过N-烷基-N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸的脱烷基化反应,来制备N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸的一种方法。特别是本发明是有关用相对简单的方法来制备N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸的,其产率高,相对来说其付反应也少。
N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸通常叫做glyphosafe,它是一种商业上十分重要的抑制植物生长剂,它被用来控制种类繁多的杂草和谷物。也用于大范围的一年生和多年生的禾本植物的叶面和宽叶植物。它在工业上的用途,包括控制沿公路旁、水路,运输线,仓库货栈区及其它非农业区的杂草。人们常常把N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸以它的各种盐的形式加到除草剂的配方中。其中该N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸在溶液内,最好是在水中是以阴离子的形式存在。由于N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸在商业上具有十分重要的地位,所以已经公布了许多有关制备N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸的方法。其中之一是美国专利U.S.3,969,398,Hershman叙述了N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸的制备方法,该方法是将亚氨基二醋酸与甲醛和磷酸进行反应,结果生成一个中间产物,即N-膦酰甲基亚氨基二醋酸,该中间产物被氧化而成N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸。
在美国专利U.S 3,927,080中,Gaertner叙述了制备N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸的另一种方法。Gaertner阐述了在酸性条件下,把N-叔丁基-N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸或它的酯类进行水解,制得N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸。
近年来,胺类的碳氮键化学已成为一个研究的课题。例如,Murahashi和Watanabe以“三级胺和水,以钯作为催化剂”为题,发表了三级胺和水的金属催化反应,该文章公布于美国化学会杂志101,7429,1979年。在公布的这篇文章中,报导了三级胺以铂作为催化剂,所进行的通用而有效的催化氧化反应,以产生二级胺和羰基化合物。
在欧洲专利NO,055,695中,阐述了这样的一个方法,即通过氢解作用,可从一个N-取代的N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸的氮原子上脱掉一个取代基。文章介绍氢解反应中的N-取代基是1-芳香烷基,该取代基适于氢解反应。这个氢解方法是在催化剂的存在下进行的。例如可把铂或钯载入硫酸钡上。
根据本发明,提供了一个N-膦酰基甲基甘氨酸的碱性金属盐的制备方法。在这个方法中,要把N-烷基-N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸的二(元)或三(元)碱金属盐的水溶液加热到一个较高的温度。在其中,其N-烷基上的β碳原子上至少含有一个氢原子。该反应的一个特征在于,除了得到所希望的盐以外,还有烯烃副产物生成。在其它的β取代基中,如其中有一个是杂原子时,例如,是氮原子,氧原子,或硫原子时,则这种烯烃副产物也许是瞬时的,并且会以不同的形式而被除去。
在本发明的方法中,N-烷基-N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸(NANP)的烷基取代物是任何直链的或支链的烷基或环烷基,该取代基提供了一个β碳原子,该β碳原子至少具有一个氢原子与之相连接。例如有乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、己基、环己基、环丙基。较好的烷基取代物可用下式表示:
其中,R1、R2、R3和R4是分别由氢,C1-6的烷基、苯基、芳基、取代芳基中选择,R3和R4也可以分别从
卤素、OH、C1-C4的烷氧基,芳氧基、SH、C1-C4的硫代烷基,硫代芳基,-NR5R6中选择,其中R5和R6可分别从氢,C1-C4烷基和芳基中选择。R3和R4中只能有一个是下面的结构所提供的
这儿所用的卤素一词,包括该族的全部卤素,即氟、氯、溴、碘。
这儿所用的芳基一词包括下列一些基团,如苯基萘基,联苯基,或苯基,萘基,或取代联苯基,其中取代联苯基上的取代基可以分别是低级的烷基,低级的烷氧基,甲撑二氧基,卤素,氰基,硝基,C1-C4的卤烷基和硫代烷基。
取代苯基的具体例子有一元取代的苯基,其中取代基可以在邻位,间位或对位。例如,甲(基)苯基,丁(基)苯基,甲氧(基)苯基,丁氧(基)苯基,氟代苯基,氯代苯基,溴代苯基,碘代苯基,三氟甲(基)苯基,硝基苯基,甲基硫代苯基,丁基硫代苯基,氰基苯基,乙氧羰基苯基,以及类似的基团。还有二元和三元的取代基,其中二元和三元取代基可以是相同的取代基,也可以是不同的取代基,而且可以定位在苯环的2,3,4,5或6位上。例如二氯苯基,二甲基苯基,甲基氯苯基,乙基氟苯基,二丁氧基苯基,丁基硝基苯基,甲基硫硫代氯苯基,二C乙基-硫代,苯基,三甲基苯基,三氯苯基,三丁基苯基,乙基二氯苯基等。
取代萘基的代表性基团包括甲基萘基,硝基萘基,溴代萘基,二甲基萘基,二氟代萘基,三甲基萘基等。
取代联苯基的代表性基团包括:甲基联苯基,硝基联苯基,溴代联苯基,二甲基联苯基,二氟代联苯基,三甲基联苯基等。
在前面所阐述过的分子式中所用到的芳氧基的术语,是指与氧相连接的各类芳基。同样,这儿所用的硫代芳基的术语,包括前面所阐述的分子式中与硫相连的各类芳(香)基。这儿用的硫代烷基是指上面所提到分子式中与硫相连的各类烷基。
包括在本发明范围内的-NR5R6典型的例子有二甲胺,甲乙胺、苯甲胺,二乙胺等。
如上所述,在本发明方法的水溶液中,应用NANP的二元或三元碱金属盐。在反应混合物中,以NANP为1摩尔为基准,一般碱金属的摩尔数大约为2到4或多一点,本发明的最佳实施是以NANP的摩尔为基准,碱金属与NANP的摩尔比为3比1到3.5比1,最好是3.1比1到3.3比1。
本发明是预先把NANP与适量的碱所生成的盐来制备NANP的二元或三元碱金属盐。然后把这预先制备好的盐加到水中或碱的水溶液中去,这还可用另一个方法制备,在现场把NANP或NANP的水解衍生物与适量的碱金属的碱液作用,然后将该溶液直接加热,结果在NANP上发生了消除N-烷基的反应。
典型的NANP所使用的盐是碱金属的盐,例如钾、钠、锂的盐。应用本发明的盐,最好是钠盐。在制备时,这些盐最好是在现场提供,如同如下例证中所说明的那样,它通过添加足量的碱到反应容器中而得到这些盐。
如上所述,运用于本发明方法中的碱金属盐从NANP或NANP的一种水解衍生物中分离出来。因为本发明的方法是在升高温度和较强的碱性条件下进行的,所以许多可水解的各种NANP的衍生物可被使用。这类衍生物之所以可被应用,是因为根据本发明,当这类衍生物与碱的水溶液结合时,发生了水解反应,结果生成所希望的碱金属盐。这种NANP衍生物的例子有酯类,酰胺类,强酸盐类,氰类,硫酯类和它们的混合物。可以水解的NANP衍生物的典型例子可从早期的文献中了解到,例如,U.S.3,799,758.(Franz)因此可参考此专利,应用于本发明。
用本发明的方法所制备的N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸的盐可以很容易地转变成酸,即N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸,正如众所周知的文献中所指出的那样,可用无机酸酸化的方法进行处理。
本发明的方法可在非常宽广的温度范围内进行,典型的是可在200℃以上的温度下进行。本发明方法中的操作温度范围最好是约为250~350℃。一般来说,本发明的操作工艺温度的上限要根据反应混合物中所使用的物料的热稳定性来决定。
在本发明的方法中,要通过适当的方法,使反应混合物中保持一定的水量,其中最典型的方法是,维持反应混合物的压力高于在反应温度下的水蒸汽的压力。
在本发明的方法中,所使用的NANP的碱金属盐,可用已知的方法来制备。例如,可参考U.S.3,288,846。(Irani等人和Moedritzer等人),有机化学杂志(J.org.Chem),31,1603(1966)。这些文献中所阐述的反应,很适宜于制备本发明方法中所使用的三级胺。
下面的实例可用来说明本发明的方法,但是它绝不会以任何方式对本发明有所限制。
例1
把21.1克(0.10摩尔)的N-异丙基-N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸26.2克(0.33摩尔)的50%的氢氧化钠和8毫升的水,加到100毫升耐压反应器中(该反应器的材料是蒙乃尔高强度耐腐蚀镍铜合金制成的)。该反应器是闭合反应器,用氮气冲洗20分钟。然后封闭反应器,并加热到300℃约3小时,排除在反应中因丙烷放出而产生过高的压力,但是必须控住总的反应压力以便保住反应混合物中一定的水量。冷却后,排除余压,从反应器中取出粘稠的反应液,并用24毫升水稀释。该溶液用27.2毫升的浓盐酸中和,则N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸便从溶液中沉淀出来,然后进行过滤,再空气干燥,得到白色结晶的产物,产量为14.8克。经分析,其纯度为95.2%母液用离子交换色层分离法分离,还可得到1.63克的N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸,产物的总产率为97%。
按照与例1相同的方式,可对其它化合物进行脱烷基化反应来制备N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸。表1列出了一些其它的例子。表中指明了起始原料(此起始原料仅指出在NANP上的可被解离的N-取代基),反应时间及N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸的收率。
例子 起始原料 反应时间(小时) 产率%
2 N-乙基 4.5 87.7
3 N-丙基 6 19.9
4*N-环己基 6 16.2
5 N-仲丁基 6 79.6
6**N-α-羟基乙基 6 89.7
*反应混合物被加热前,起始原料不能完全溶解。
**每当量NANP的NaOH为5当量。
例7
把2.09克(8.3毫摩尔)的甲基-N-〔(二甲氧基氧膦基)甲基〕-N-异丙基甘氨酸,2.17克(27.2毫摩尔)50%的NaOH和10毫升的水加到压力反应器中。用氮气冲洗反应器15分钟,然后封闭反应器,并加热到300℃,保持3.5小时,控制反应压力,使反应器中保持一定量的水分。反应结束后,先冷却,再将反应器中的余压放掉,然后从反应器中取出反应混合物,并用5毫升水稀释,再加2.4毫升的盐酸酸化,并用离子交换色层分离法提纯,则得0.27克N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸,产率为20%。
例8
把1.0克(2.7毫摩尔)的N.N′-亚乙基双-N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸,1.4克(17.7毫摩尔)50%的氢氧化钠和5毫升的水,加到10毫升的聚四氟乙烯杯中,进行混合,然后把杯子放入蒙乃尔压力锅(Monel autoclave)中盛的20毫升10%的NaOH浴中。压力锅用氮气吹洗15分钟,然后封闭,并加热到300℃,保持6小时。冷却后,从压力锅中取出反应混合物,用盐酸酸化至PH为0.5,再加热回流若干分钟,然后将反应混合物冷却,再用离子交换色层分离法提纯,得到N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸0.56克,产率为61.5%。
例9
N-异丙基-N-膦酰甲基的制备。
在一个装有机械搅拌,温度计,滴液漏斗和冷凝器的5立升三颈瓶中,加入363克(2.37摩尔)N-异丙基甘氨酸盐酸盐,205克(2.50摩尔)的亚磷酸和1.7升20%的HCl溶液。把该混合物加热到108℃则得到一溶液。再从滴液漏斗中把231克(2.84摩尔)37%的甲醛溶液滴加到以上的热的反应混合液中,滴加时间约2小时以上。把所得到的黄色溶液回流8.5小时,用真空蒸馏的方法除去所有挥发性的组分而留下黄色油状物。再把该油状物溶解于300毫升水中,用500毫升乙醇稀释,以沉淀出产品,用过滤法收集此结晶产物,再用乙醇洗涤,空气干燥,则得到322克N-异丙基-N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸,产率为64%。母液中所舍的其余产物不能被析离出来。
虽然本发明作了相当具体的阐述,但是除了下列权项所表明的范围之外,这些详细的叙述并不构成对本发明的限制。
勘误表
CPCH856636
Claims (14)
1、一种制备N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸的碱金属盐的方法,该方法包括加热N-烷基-N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸的二元或三元的碱金属盐,升高温度,使其温度范围大约高于200℃,该N-烷基-N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸中的N-烷基至少含有一个氢原子在其β碳原子上。
2、按照权利要求1的方法,另外还包括把N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸的盐进行酸化以生成N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸的步骤。
3、按照权利要求1的方法,其中,N-烷基是异丙基。
4、按照权利要求1的方法,其中,其温度范围大约为250℃到350℃。
6、按照权利要求5的方法,其中,其温度范围大约为250℃到350℃。
7、按照权利要求1的方法,其中碱是选择氢氧化钠,氢氧化钾,和氢氧化锂。
8、按照权利要求1的方法,其中二元或三元碱金属盐是在现场制备。
9、按照权利要求5的方法,其中的碱是选择氢氧化钠,氢氧化钾及氢氧化锂。
10、按照权利要求4的方法,其中,盐是在现场制备,是由一种碱和N-烷基-N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸相结合,以N-烷基-N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸为1摩尔,使碱与N-烷基-N-膦酰甲基甘氨酸的摩尔比大约为3比1到3.5比1。
11、按照权利要求10的方法,其中N-烷基为异丙基。
12、按照权利要求10的方法,其中的碱是氢氧化钠。
13、按照权利要求10的方法,其中的N-烷基是乙基。
14、按照权利要求10的方法,其中N-烷基是羟乙基。
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US4694082A (en) * | 1985-09-23 | 1987-09-15 | Monsanto Company | Compound 1,4-diisopropyl-2,5-diketopiperazine |
DE3721285A1 (de) * | 1987-06-27 | 1989-01-12 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von n-phosphonomethylglycin |
EP1062221B1 (en) * | 1998-02-12 | 2006-05-10 | Monsanto Technology LLC | Process for making glyphosate by oxidizing n-substituted glyphosates |
EP1520857A1 (en) * | 1998-08-12 | 2005-04-06 | Monsanto Technology LLC | Process for the preparation of N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine by oxidizing N-substituted N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine |
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US4568432A (en) * | 1984-12-28 | 1986-02-04 | Monsanto Company | Process for preparing glyphosate and glyphosate derivatives |
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KR860004905A (ko) | 1986-07-16 |
IL77364A (en) | 1991-01-31 |
AU573940B2 (en) | 1988-06-23 |
EP0187633A1 (en) | 1986-07-16 |
ZA859834B (en) | 1986-09-24 |
HUT41414A (en) | 1987-04-28 |
CN1004696B (zh) | 1989-07-05 |
HU199853B (en) | 1990-03-28 |
KR870001767B1 (ko) | 1987-10-06 |
AU5156985A (en) | 1986-07-03 |
EP0187633B1 (en) | 1989-03-01 |
CA1259328A (en) | 1989-09-12 |
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