CN85100223B - Artificial host egg cards for rearing trichogramma - Google Patents
Artificial host egg cards for rearing trichogramma Download PDFInfo
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- CN85100223B CN85100223B CN85100223A CN85100223A CN85100223B CN 85100223 B CN85100223 B CN 85100223B CN 85100223 A CN85100223 A CN 85100223A CN 85100223 A CN85100223 A CN 85100223A CN 85100223 B CN85100223 B CN 85100223B
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- Prior art keywords
- artificial
- eggs
- card
- shell membrane
- pupa
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- 241000256618 Trichogramma Species 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 210000000998 shell membrane Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 241000382353 Pupa Species 0.000 claims description 29
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000032669 eclosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 15
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 14
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 14
- 241000256844 Apis mellifera Species 0.000 description 12
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 11
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 210000000087 hemolymph Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 210000001136 chorion Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000019617 pupation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000255789 Bombyx mori Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000753145 Sitotroga cerealella Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001414987 Strepsiptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000266 injurious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002751 lymph Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000024241 parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001228 trophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to an artificial host egg card for breeding trichogrammas, which is a set of sealing components made of materials of double-layer coextrusion complex membranes, wherein the bottom layer of the card is an artificial shell membrane molded with one or a plurality of recesses and some pillars; artificial ooplasm composed of insect tissues, eggs, milk and water is conserved in the recesses, and the pillars support and separate a casing and the shell membrane. The card can completely substitute natural host eggs to breed trichogrammas, which not only can induce trichogrammas to oviposite in the card but also can make the eggs of the trichogrammas hatched in the card; larvae eat the artificial ooplasm to grow and develop and finally become trichogrammas through eclosion; the bred trichogrammas are released onto fields for preventing insect pests, and the effect is equal to that of trichogrammas bred by conventional natural host eggs.
Description
The invention belongs to the invention of general animal feeding, its international Patent classificating number is AOIK67/00.
Oophagous trichogrammae (Trichogramma) comprises the multiple parasitic wasp that is distributed in the different in the world habitats.Their host range is wide, nine nearly 300 kinds of insects of order are arranged, particularly the ovum of lepidopterous insects can be by its parasitism, therefore be the natural enemy of multiple important agriculture and forestry injurious insect, the life cycle of adding them is when growing down for 28-30 ℃, generation time only 7-10 days, short-term just can accumulate a large amount of honeybee numbers to carry out the field and discharges, so the person that is subjected to the plant protection work deeply for a long time and biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion worker pay attention to.
Experience four developmental stage the history of life of oophagous trichogrammae: ovum-larva-pupa-adult.Female oophagous trichogrammae becomes in the ovum of honeybee with ovipositor insertion parasitic insect to lay eggs.Behind the egg hatching of oophagous trichogrammae, larva is just made a living with host's archiblast, and experiences pupa time in host egg, turns into into honeybee at last, pips.At present, it all is to adopt moth classes such as mass rearing rice moth, gelechiid that many countries raise oophagous trichogrammae on a large scale, allows them lay eggs as the host egg of breeding oophagous trichogrammae, because it is heavy to raise the process labor service of above-mentioned moth class, technology is loaded down with trivial details, even some country produces with automation, but cost is still very high.In addition, technology such as the long-period freshness preserving of those ovums, storage also do not solve fully, are restricted so oophagous trichogrammae enlarges to utilize.Hoffman, US Pat NO.4,418,647 had once introduced a kind of system that raises oophagous trichogrammae.The semiclosed system with one or more recesses of making is moulded by this system on one deck poly film.In recess, put the decoy that a kind of prescription is not announced into, can lure oophagous trichogrammae that ovipositor is inserted from poly film surface and wear film, the ovum of filial generation is produced in the decoy, with the method for filtering the oophagous trichogrammae ovum is leached then, put into insect hemolymph, the nutrition base that the homogenate of natural insect egg or this inventor do not introduce, oophagous trichogrammae ovum can continue to grow.Obviously, very little one after another drop of decoy or nutrition base are placed in the recess of semiclosed shape, this inventor did not introduce again all the time needs sealing to preserve moisture.Obviously, cultivation temperature is up to 28-30 ℃ in numerous honeybee process, and the very fast dehydration that is bound to of decoy or nutrition base is withered, and suitable Min Gan oophagous trichogrammae oopod is easy to discern and normal spawning thereon not naturally.Give birth to ovum exactly, also can grow owing to the nutrition dehydration is unfavorable for oophagous trichogrammae.In addition, lure oophagous trichogrammae to lay eggs after, also to leach ovum and be put into other places and be allowed to condition on the nutrition base and grow, this process is numerous and diverse too.Can be mixed into a kind of thing to nutrition base and decoy though this inventor adds, place the below of poly film inner surface to raise oophagous trichogrammae, from the diagram that this inventor provides, nutrients does not still seal between two-layer poly film.Nutrients is easy to dry and hard equally, or is easy to cause nutrients to run off together with oophagous trichogrammae ovum of having given birth to and larva etc. when operation.Even two-layer poly film edge opening unlike shown in this inventor, but sealing, nutrients fills between two-layer poly film so, because the poly film is air-locked, from the oophagous trichogrammae growth course to oxygen demand experiment showed, that larva later stage oxygen demand is higher, be to satisfy that it is required by the dissolved oxygen in the nutrients, do not see the storage air that has living space between the two-layer poly film, larva so far certainly will be dead because of anoxic.It is dried that many raising experiments show that also the oophagous trichogrammae larva must eat the nutrition around it, makes surrounding environment dry and hard, just can enter pupa time, otherwise will be drowned in nutrient solution.In case the oophagous trichogrammae that produces is counted deficiency, nutrients can not in time be eaten dried, will make whole ovum card all can not support honeybee between the two-layer poly film.In addition, Usupat.NO.4, the constituent of 418,647 unexposed decoys and nutrition base is though the homogenate of available insect hemolymph or natural ovum is made the nutrition base.It is inconsiderable that single hemolymph is made the nutrition base, because of its not high and difficult a large amount of acquisition of trophic level; Making the nutrition base with the homogenate of natural insect egg is again irrational artificial feeded method because originally be desirable natural ovum need not, place unfavorable artificial chorion to raise oophagous trichogrammae and get its homogenate, be a kind of practice of putting the cart before the horse really.1978, the oophagous trichogrammae artificial host egg of Hubei Province studies cooperative groups at " insect journal " 22(3): 301 have delivered the prescription that is made into artificial archiblast with insect pupa hemolymph and other nutrients, though also can support oophagous trichogrammae to becoming honeybee from ovum, but artificial eggs grain parasitic rate, pupation rate, eclosion rate, normal honeybee type rate, female ratio is all on the low side, continuous passage is very difficult, add all proterties instabilities, it is poor to become honeybee to spread the wings, a little less than the vitality.
The objective of the invention is to make extensive artificial feeding oophagous trichogrammae to rely on artificial chorion and artificial archiblast to realize fully.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind ofly not only can lure oophagous trichogrammae to lay eggs therein but also can make the normal development of oophagous trichogrammae larva to the artificial archiblast that becomes honeybee.
Another purpose of the present invention provides a cover and both had been suitable for the puncture of oophagous trichogrammae ovipositor, can guarantee that again artificial archiblast can not dry up, and air blocks with the closed artificial host egg who satisfies the oophagous trichogrammae growth needs to have certain space to deposit fully.Recess is contained manned worker's archiblast in the card before sealing, just can be used to raise oophagous trichogrammae.
Solution of the present invention will be introduced in will describing in detail below.
The present invention is a kind of artificial host egg's card (1) of raising oophagous trichogrammae, it is moulded the poly film artificial eggs shell membrane (3) of a plurality of recesses (5) and the common poly film of one deck by one deck and manually covers shell membrane (4) and form, two intermembranously have some Body of pillar (6) two films separately and keep certain space, are loaded with the peripheral deadend of artificial eggs slurry (2) two films in the artificial eggs shell membrane recess (5).
The material of above-mentioned artificial eggs shell membrane and artificial lid shell membrane can also be a polypropylene-like polyethylene coextrusion-lamination film, and its thickness range is the 10-90 micron, and above-mentioned coextrusion-lamination film has preferable performance than the poly film of general individual layer.For example, it is bigger than single-layer polypropylene film on intensity, again on hardness than monolayer polyethylene film height, mould the ovipositor puncture that the recess nest wall that forms of system is more suitable for oophagous trichogrammae with its.Under other condition same case, the made artificial eggs of this film easily obtains the parasitic rate of higher proportion.Add always have the one side be polyethylene film, make artificial eggs card double-layer films be easy to combine.
Mould on the artificial eggs shell membrane of the present invention (3) and be shaped on one or more recesses (5) and a plurality of Body of pillar (6).Above-mentioned recess (5) is that the outer surface (7) of the artificial eggs shell membrane at this place is given prominence at the lateral surface of artificial host egg's card; The artificial eggs shell membrane inner surface (8) that recess (5) is located then blocks sunken inside the artificial host egg.Above-mentioned Body of pillar (6) can be moulded by the film between the artificial eggs shell membrane recess (5) simultaneously.The inner surface (9) of place, Body of pillar (6) place artificial eggs shell membrane is dashed forward into dome in the outside of artificial host egg's card, and the outer surface (10) that Body of pillar (6) is located the artificial eggs shell membrane then caves in.The top of above-mentioned Body of pillar is just in time being supported flat artificial lid shell membrane, can keep certain space thereby make between two films.It is required in order to larvae development that it had both helped holding air in certain amount, guarantees that again manually the lid shell membrane can not contact with the artificial archiblast in the recess (5) and destroy its surface tension, guaranteed that artificial archiblast is independently hanging drop shape in recess.
Above-mentioned Body of pillar (6) can directly not be moulded on the artificial eggs shell membrane yet, but replaces it (consulting Fig. 4) with sticking the putting of several lightweight supporters (12) between two films.
In above-mentioned recess (5), contain artificial archiblast, just can cover the flat artificial lid shell membrane of one deck,, just become enclosed artificial host egg's card again the combination of two films periphery.It is water conservation but also be not subject to microbial contamination not only, thereby it is edible to make artificial archiblast be beneficial to the oophagous trichogrammae larva.
The artificial archiblast that the present invention is included is made up of pupa, egg, milk and water.Its principal character is the pupa hemolymph that is used as preparation oophagous trichogrammae artificial feed with the domestic and international brainstrust of full pupa tissue replacement of insect pupa.Being made into artificial archiblast with full pupa tissue, is excellent more than using the pupa hemolymph person of joining.It has not only improved the vitality that parasitic rate, pupation rate, eclosion rate, normal honeybee type rate, every ovum go out a honeybee number and become honeybee, and proterties is more stable.The amount that adds full pupa tissue is many more than the amount of pure blood lymph, has reduced cost in practicality beyond doubt.
Above-mentioned full pupa tissue can be fresh pupa tissue, also can be the tissue of pupa remaining behind the filature, or the dry powder made of the full pupa tissue of above-mentioned various pupas, and the time spent dilutes in proportion and is solution.Full pupa is knitted entirely with measuring 10-60%.
Above-mentioned eggs refer to poultry egg, and consumption is 10-40%.
Above-mentioned milk refers to fresh milk or milk power solution.
Contained full pupa tissue, eggs and milk in the above-mentioned artificial archiblast, also can be mixed and made into dry powder earlier in proportion, the time spent presses the 5-30% thin up and uses.
The profile of the said artificial eggs card of the present invention can be square, rectangle, circle or other shape.Contain the artificial archiblast amount of carrying at each recess of artificial eggs shell membrane and can be decided to be the 1-20 microlitre by the size of nest.
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of a kind of imbody of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the profile that Fig. 1 version is done by recess (5).
Fig. 3 is the profile that Fig. 1 version is done by Body of pillar (6).
Fig. 4 is another version of the present invention.The artificial eggs shell membrane does not have Body of pillar (6), and manually covering shell membrane is flat film, and replaces Body of pillar with supporter (12).
Fig. 5 is the profile that Fig. 2 is done by the single recess (5) that fills artificial archiblast of laid eggs by oophagous trichogrammae (11).
Realize that best way of the present invention is to adopt the polypropylene-polyethylene coextrusion-lamination film as artificial host egg's ovum card material.Mould on the membrana putaminis of artificial eggs card and make a plurality of recesses, every nest diameter is 3 millimeters, and mould and makes a Body of pillar at the artificial eggs shell membrane place between the recess, manually covers shell membrane and adopt flat film.The proportioning of artificial archiblast is to make the full pupa of the bright pupa of silkworm to organize 10-60%; Poultry egg 10-40%; Fresh milk or milk power solution 10-40%; Sterile water 10-40%.Each recess is contained the artificial archiblast of 8-10 microlitre and is advisable.After covering artificial lid shell membrane, two film peripheries are combined closely forms closed artificial host egg card.The whole operation process should be carried out under aseptic condition.
Though above content of the present invention has been done detailed description, sure still a lot of according to other various versions, proportioning or design that essence spirit of the present invention and essence can relate to, they all belong to scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of artificial host egg's card (1) of raising oophagous trichogrammae, it moulds the artificial eggs shell membrane (3) of one or more recesses (5) on individual layer poly film, it is characterized in that filling artificial archiblast (2) in recessed, be stamped one deck on it and manually cover shell membrane (4), and between artificial eggs shell membrane (3) and artificial lid shell membrane (4), have several Body of pillar (6), the periphery deadend mutually of two films.
2, according to artificial host egg's card (1) of claim 1, it is characterized in that said artificial eggs shell membrane belongs to the polyethylene polypropylene coextrusion-lamination film that a class thickness range is the 10-90 micron.
3, the artificial host egg according to claim 1 blocks (1), it is characterized in that membrana putaminis (3) except that having the recess (5) of containing manned worker's archiblast, also has Body of pillar (6), Body of pillar is located at the film place between the recess, the inner surface (9) of this place's artificial eggs shell membrane is protruding in the artificial host egg blocks, and the outer surface (10) of this place's artificial eggs shell membrane then caves in into bowl-type.
4, according to artificial host egg's card (1) of claim 1, it is characterized in that Body of pillar (6) also can be directly not mould from artificial eggs shell membrane (3), but replace it with sticking the putting between two membranes of supporter that a plurality of lightweight things are made.
5, according to artificial host egg's card (1) of claim 1, it is characterized in that said artificial archiblast.
A. it is made up of insect pupa tissue, eggs, milk and sterile water.
B. said insect pupa tissue can be the full pupa tissue of fresh insect pupa, it also can be the full pupa tissue of the pupa behind the filature, or the dry powder made of above-mentioned all kinds of full pupa tissue, it is with measuring 10-60%, and full pupa tissue is got big value, and pupa organizes dry powder to get the small value, said eggs are poultry egg, it is with measuring 10～40%, and said milk is fresh milk or milk power solution, and it is with measuring 10-40%.
6, according to artificial host egg's card (1) of claim 1, it is characterized in that the full pupa tissue of insect, eggs, the milk of said artificial archiblast can be mixed and made into the dry powder preservation in proportion in advance, the time spent gets 5-30% and the preparation of 70-95% sterile water is used.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85100223A CN85100223B (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | Artificial host egg cards for rearing trichogramma |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85100223A CN85100223B (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | Artificial host egg cards for rearing trichogramma |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85100223A CN85100223A (en) | 1985-09-10 |
| CN85100223B true CN85100223B (en) | 1985-09-10 |
Family
ID=4790988
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85100223A Expired CN85100223B (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | Artificial host egg cards for rearing trichogramma |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN85100223B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106212397A (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2016-12-14 | 青岛宏昊生物科技有限公司 | A kind of artificial fecundation method of aphidius gifuensis |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1060015C (en) * | 1997-11-05 | 2001-01-03 | 中国科学院武汉病毒研究所 | Pest-insect preventing and controlling method utilizing parasitic wasp to transfer virus |
| CN1903026B (en) * | 2006-08-09 | 2011-08-10 | 吉林农业大学 | Method for preventing and controlling European corn borer by single step of releasing trichogramma by utilizing box type releasing apparatus |
| CN101326902B (en) * | 2008-07-04 | 2011-05-04 | 衡水田益生防有限责任公司 | Method for inducing diapause of Trichogramma ostriniae by constant temperature and storage method |
| CN103283684B (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2015-06-24 | 刘新和 | Trichogramma egg card hanger |
| CN103518678B (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2015-07-15 | 湖南省水稻研究所 | Multi-functional cup integrating rice field lamina color comparison and natural enemy releasing |
-
1985
- 1985-04-01 CN CN85100223A patent/CN85100223B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106212397A (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2016-12-14 | 青岛宏昊生物科技有限公司 | A kind of artificial fecundation method of aphidius gifuensis |
| CN106212397B (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2019-05-31 | 青岛真源生物技术有限公司 | A kind of artificial fecundation method of aphidius gifuensis |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN85100223A (en) | 1985-09-10 |
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