CN2909008Y

CN2909008Y - Horizontal back combustion boiler with double fire grate

Info

Publication number: CN2909008Y
Application number: CN 200620101835
Authority: CN
Inventors: 华元新; 华俊
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-03-15
Filing date: 2006-03-15
Publication date: 2007-06-06
Anticipated expiration: 2016-03-15

Abstract

A boiler of double-grate and reverse-burning comprises a furnace body, an air inlet, a furnace, a smoke chamber of high temperature, a boiler barrel, a heat exchanger, a wall, a downcomer, a front and back cooling pipe, and pipe of water feeding, is characterized in that a header type exchanger is mounted at the beneath of the heat exchanger, the header type heat exchanger is composed of shell and fuel gas pipe as well as the left and right header, the front end of the header is connected to the front shell of the heat exchanger, the pipe hole on the header is connected to the wall, the downcomer and the back header. The header type heat exchanger has a smoke chamber at the back end, which collects the fuel gas pipe and is connected to the outlet of fuel gas. The water feeding inlet is arranged on the shell at the back of the heat exchanger. By the technical resolution of adding the left and right header on the heat exchanger, the utility model makes water in the heat exchanger not directly convect with water in boiler barrel, so as to further reduce the temperature of water in the heat exchanger. Using low temperature water and flue gas of boiler for countercurrent flow, the temperature of emitted flue gas will be further reduced, thus achieving good energy-saving effects, less heat loss.

Description

Horizontal back-burning boiler with double-layer fire grates

Technical field

The utility model belongs to the coal-fired packaged boiler of horizontal small.The horizontal wet steamer of specifically a kind of countercurrent flow.

Background technology

The coal-fired packaged boiler of horizontal small is the conventional utility boiler of present boiler factory produce and market, and the structure of this boiler comprises: drum, water screen tube, down-comer, rear shed pipe, header and furnace wall etc.Be provided with smoke pipe in the drum, the both sides of drum outer wall respectively are provided with line-up's body water screen tube ribby, and the chamber in the middle of the two draining cold wall pipes is a burner hearth, and the burner hearth first half is provided with fixed grate, and air is sent into by air blast from furnace bottom, and water is sent into from drum.During work, coal burns on fire grate (just burning), emits the heating surface of heat transferred boiler, makes stove water water temperature raise produce steam and achieves the goal.Be not difficult to find out that the boiler of this structure has following characteristics: the high-temperature flue gas behind the coal combustion flows after by forward direction from burner hearth, discharges behind the drum smoke pipe, and its flow process is generally three journeys.Therefore, high-temperature flue gas is to flow to high water temperature place (water temperature in the drum is higher) from low water temperature (water temperature in the water screen tube is lower), carry out heat exchange through radiation and convection current, so the exhaust gas temperature of this boiler certainly will be higher than the temperature of saturated vapor in the drum, and the exhaust gas temperature height, the heat that flue gas is taken away is just many, has caused thermal losses, and also be rich in grit, contaminated environment in the dense black smoke.

At above-mentioned defective, I number am to have proposed a kind of horizontal double-layer grate back firing boiler with novel structure in 200510049381.3 in Chinese patent application, it has adopted independently technology such as combustion chamber, high temperature smoke-box and countercurrent flow, improved coal burn-off rate, reduced exhaust gas temperature and smoke content, thereby increased substantially the thermal efficiency of boiler, compared with old boiler and had good especially effects of energy conservation and environmental protection.Its structure is made of drum, water screen tube, down-comer, preceding rear shed pipe and combustion chamber etc., and drum is shelved on the top of boiler, and its inside is equipped with axial smoke pipe; The place ahead of drum, front end below and bottom are respectively equipped with combustion chamber, high temperature smoke-box and heat exchange chamber, and three Room isolate by furnace wall except that necessary passage (as flue).

Its combustion chamber is positioned at the boiler forefront, be isolated into an independently chamber by furnace wall, its top is provided with air intake, be provided with water pipe furnace grate, casting furnace grate downwards successively, have fire door on the furnace body wall of water pipe furnace grate top, have the door that pokes fire on the furnace body wall between water pipe furnace grate and casting furnace grate, the casting furnace grate below is except that having slag-drip opening, also be provided with a smoke intaking hole with the intercommunication of high temperature smoke-box, be furnished with the water pipe heating surface in the high temperature smoke-box; Preceding canopy pipe, down-comer and the drum of water pipe furnace grate in the high temperature smoke-box constitutes a heat-exchanging loop.The heat exchange chamber also is an independent cavity, and top is drum, and the bottom is a tubular heat exchanger, and tubular heat exchanger is built-in with axial smoke pipe.Be connected by many convection tubes, water screen tube, down-comer between drum and tubular heat exchanger; Tubular heat exchanger is provided with water inlet pipe, and its rear end sets out smoke pipe.During work, air is sent into from the furnace roof air intake, provide combustion chambers burn required oxygen, high-temperature flue gas after the burning enters the high temperature smoke-box through smoke intaking hole, after heating surface heat exchange in the high temperature smoke-box, behind the drum smoke pipe, enter the heat exchange chamber again, and then enter the smoke pipe in the tubular heat exchanger, discharge out of the furnace from outlet flue at last.

But still there are some parts that are further improved in this boiler, do not solve the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN problem of discharging flue gas in the stove fully, down-comer, convection tube directly are communicated with tubular heat exchanger and cause the interior water temperature rising of tubular heat exchanger in the stove, the temperature difference of water in tail flue gas and the heat exchanger is reduced, and influence the heat exchange effect.In addition, the resistance of flow of flue gas is bigger than normal.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is that a kind of improved efficient, power economized boiler will be provided, and recycles the tail flue gas waste heat in the stove to solve, and further improves the problem of boiler thermal output and reduction flow of flue gas resistance.

Its principle is to pass through architecture advances on the patent basis that I have applied for, the heat exchange function of the outer economizer of stove is attached to the inside of boiler structure, at the boiler rear new type heat exchanger is set, make water and boiler tail flue gas in the heat exchanger carry out countercurrent flow, further reduce the temperature of discharging flue gas, improve the water temperature in the heat exchanger, reach energy-saving effect.

Horizontal back-burning boiler with double-layer fire grates of the present utility model, comprise body of heater, air inlet, combustion chamber, high temperature smoke-box, drum, Heat Room, water screen tube group, down-comer, preceding rear shed pipe and water inlet adapter, it is characterized in that below the boiler Heat Room, being provided with a heat exchanger with collected boxes, heat exchanger with collected boxes is made up of housing and inner smoke pipe, left and right sides header thereof, the header front end is communicated with the heat exchanger front end shell, and the pore on the header is communicated with water screen tube, down-comer, back header respectively; The heat exchanger with collected boxes rear end is provided with smoke box, and smoke pipe comes together in smoke box, and smoke box communicates with outlet flue; Water inlet is located on the housing of heat exchanger rear end.

According to horizontal back-burning boiler with double-layer fire grates of the present utility model, when the header front end is communicated with the heat exchanger front end shell, the horizontal center line that the position is higher than tubular heat exchanger that is communicated with of left and right sides header and housing, and left and right sides header is with the symmetrical installation of tubular heat exchanger longitudinal centre line, and the vertical range at tubular heat exchanger 30 tops and header top, the left and right sides is less than or equal to 150 millimeters.

According to horizontal back-burning boiler with double-layer fire grates of the present utility model, smoke intaking hole is located on the combustion chamber and the furnace wall between the high temperature smoke-box of casting furnace grate top.

According to horizontal back-burning boiler with double-layer fire grates of the present utility model, be equipped with smoke intaking hole on the furnace wall between the combustion chamber of the upper and lower of casting furnace grate and high temperature smoke-box.

According to horizontal back-burning boiler with double-layer fire grates of the present utility model, the structure of smoke intaking hole is an arc eaves formula structure.

According to horizontal back-burning boiler with double-layer fire grates of the present utility model, smoke intaking hole the coal seam height that highly is higher than on the casting furnace grate is set.

According to horizontal back-burning boiler with double-layer fire grates of the present utility model, the casting furnace grate of below, described combustion chamber is a water pipe furnace grate, forms two water pipe furnace grates.

According to horizontal back-burning boiler with double-layer fire grates of the present utility model, described preceding down-comer one end is communicated with the drum housing, and the other end is communicated with the fire grate collector pipe.

According to horizontal back-burning boiler with double-layer fire grates of the present utility model, the housing of described preceding down-comer one end heat exchanger with collected boxes is communicated with, and the other end is communicated with the fire grate collector pipe.

Horizontal back-burning boiler with double-layer fire grates of the present utility model is that the boiler that proposes in 200510049381.3 is compared with application number, owing to adopted heat exchanger with collected boxes with innovative significance, that is: be connected with left and right sides header by heat exchanger, pore on header connects with the pipeline that is connected drum respectively again, thereby make in the heat exchanger water not with drum in water convective exchange directly takes place, its result makes the interior glassware for drinking water of heat exchanger and drum that relative higher water temperature difference be arranged, therefore, the cigarette temperature of heat exchanger smoke pipe and the water temperature in the heat exchanger of flowing through correspondingly had the higher temperature difference, thereby the heat absorption that more helps tail flue gas, the cigarette temperature of discharging is lower, and then has realized that the thermal efficiency is higher, the purpose that heat loss is lower.In addition,, help solving the problem of flow of flue gas resistance, reached countercurrent flow effect truly by position that changes smoke intaking hole or the connected mode of setting up smoke intaking hole, preceding down-comer.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is vertical sectional structure schematic diagram of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is the plan structure schematic diagram of heat exchanger with collected boxes.

Fig. 3 is that the A of Fig. 2 is to schematic diagram.

Among the figure: 1, slag notch, 2, casting furnace grate, 3, the door that pokes fire, 4, the combustion chamber, 5, water pipe furnace grate collection case, 6, fire door, 7, water pipe furnace grate, 8, preceding collection case, 9, air inlet, 10, preceding down-comer, 11, preceding canopy pipe, 12, furnace wall, 13, the water level meter, 14, gauge manifold, 15, suspension ring, 16, safety valve connecting pipe, 17, cold hole, 18, the stop valve base, 19, suspension ring, 20, drum, 21, rear shed pipe, 22, down-comer, 23, water screen tube, 24, back header, 25, left and right sides header, 26, header blow-off pipe interface, 27, outlet flue, 28, heat exchanger blow-off pipe interface, 29, water inlet is taken over, and 30, heat exchanger, 31, Heat Room, 32, shoot door, 33, the high temperature smoke-box, 34, smoke intaking hole, 35, body of heater, 36, the cool wall pore of water, 37, the decline pore, 38, the back header interface, 39, smoke pipe, 40, heat exchanger shell.

The specific embodiment

Be described further below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof:

Referring to accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the utility model horizontal back-burning boiler with double-layer fire grates.It comprises body of heater 35, air inlet 9, combustion chamber 4, high temperature smoke-box 33, drum 20, Heat Room 31, water screen tube 23, preceding down-comer 10, down-comer 22, preceding rear shed pipe 11,21 and water inlet adapter 29, it is characterized in that below boiler Heat Room 31, being provided with a heat exchanger with collected boxes (referring to Fig. 2,3), heat exchanger with collected boxes is made up of housing 40, smoke pipe 39 and the left and right sides header 25 of heat exchanger 30, the front end of header 25 is communicated with housing 40, and the cool wall pore 36 of water, decline pore 37 are communicated with water screen tube 23, down-comer 22 respectively on the header; Smoke pipe 39 axially is located in the housing 40, runs through on the front and back tube sheet that is connected housing 40, and is collected to the collection smoke box, and the collection smoke box communicates with outlet flue 27; Water inlet adapter 29 is located at the rear portion of housing 40.

Among Fig. 1, the combustion chamber 4 in the body of heater 35 is combustion chamber independently, and 33 of combustion chamber 4 and high temperature smoke-boxes are provided with furnace wall 12.The air inlet 9 that its air blast is used is arranged on 4 tops, combustion chamber, from pushing up downward air blast.Canopy pipe 11 before being provided with in the high temperature smoke-box 33.It is characterized in that below boiler Heat Room 31, being provided with a heat exchanger with collected boxes.

According to horizontal back-burning boiler with double-layer fire grates of the present utility model, when the header front end is communicated with the heat exchanger front end shell, the horizontal center line that the position is higher than tubular heat exchanger 30 that is communicated with of left and right sides header 25 and housing 40, and left and right sides header is with vertically (among Fig. 1 vertically to) symmetrical installation of center line of tubular heat exchanger 30, and the vertical range at tubular heat exchanger 30 tops and header top, the left and right sides is less than or equal to 150 millimeters.

Smoke intaking hole 34 is located on the furnace wall 12 of 33 of the combustion chamber 4 of casting furnace grate top and high temperature smoke-boxes.Smoke intaking hole (among Fig. 1 smoke intaking hole do not draw) down all can be set on the furnace wall 12 of 33 of the combustion chamber 4 of the upper and lower of casting furnace grate 2 and high temperature smoke-boxes as required.The structure of smoke intaking hole 34 can adopt various ways, but with arc eaves formula structure for well.Adopt the purpose of arc eaves formula structure to make high-temperature flue gas produce eddy current, help the after-flame of combustible in the flue gas in import department.Adopt the smoke intaking hole of other form also should belong to the protection domain of this patent according to this purpose.

Consider the coal seam thickness on the Zhu Fu fire grate 2, being provided with highly of smoke intaking hole 34 should adapt with the coal seam height, guarantees the unimpeded of smoke intaking hole 34.

According to horizontal back-burning boiler with double-layer fire grates of the present utility model, the also available water pipe furnace grate of casting furnace grate 2 of 4 belows, described combustion chamber is replaced, and forms two water pipe furnace grates.

One end of preceding down-comer is communicated with the fire grate collector pipe, and the other end under the preceding topic that guarantees the water circulation, can be communicated with the housing of drum 20 as required, also can be communicated with the housing 40 of heat exchanger with collected boxes.

In this boiler when work,, water is taken over 29 from the water inlet at boiler rear and is injected, from after flow forward, enter header through the header interface.Coal ignites after fire door 6 adds, and air is introduced from air inlet, and the bottom burning of water pipe furnace grate is heated water pipe furnace grate 7, and canopy pipe 11 continued to be heated before the water after being heated entered by preceding collection case 8, and the steam water interface of generation enters drum 20.Flue gas enters high temperature smoke-box 33 by smoke intaking hole 34, and after preceding canopy pipe 11 heat exchange, enter the drum smoke pipe again and carry out heat exchange, the water in the heating drum 20, high-temperature flue gas flows out from drum 20 rear ends and enters Heat Room 31 then, carries out heat exchange with water screen tube 23.Flue gas continues to be folded to forward the below and enters in the smoke pipe 39 of heat exchanger with collected boxes, carries out heat exchange with water in the heat exchanger 30, and the afterbody from heat exchanger 30 discharges out of the furnace at last.

Key technology of the present utility model is to have increased the heat exchanger with collected boxes with innovation structure.Its structure is shown in Fig. 2,3, it is made up of housing 40 and inner smoke pipe 39, left and right sides header 25 thereof, header 25 front ends are communicated with the housing of heat exchanger 30 front ends, and the cool wall pore 36 of the water on the header, decline pore 37 and back header pore 38 are communicated with water screen tube 23, down-comer 22, back header 24 respectively; Heat exchanger 30 rear ends are provided with the collection smoke box, and smoke pipe 39 is compiled in the collection smoke box, and the collection smoke box communicates with outlet flue 27; Water inlet is taken over 29 and is located on the heat exchanger 30 rear end housings 40.

In sum, the flue gas that combustion chamber 4 produces enters heat exchanger 30 internal flues 39 again behind high temperature smoke-box 33, drum 20, Heat Room 31, and the afterbody from heat exchanger 30 discharges out of the furnace at last; Water is taken over 29 from water inlet and is injected into heat exchanger shell pass, by after flow forward, take over through header then and flow into left and right sides header 25, carry out the water circulation by the cool wall pipe 23 of water, down-comer 22, drum 20 again, realized the reverse heat-exchange purpose of high-temperature flue gas and water thus.

Claims

1, a kind of horizontal back-burning boiler with double-layer fire grates, comprise body of heater (35), air inlet (9), combustion chamber (4), high temperature smoke-box (33), drum (20), Heat Room (31), water screen tube (23), down-comer (22), preceding rear shed pipe (11,21) and water inlet take over (29), it is characterized in that: be provided with a heat exchanger with collected boxes in boiler Heat Room (31) below, heat exchanger with collected boxes is by housing (40) and inner smoke pipe (39) thereof, left and right sides header (25) is formed, header (25) front end is communicated with the housing (40) of heat exchanger (30) front end, the pore on the header respectively with water screen tube (23), down-comer (22), back header (24) is communicated with; Heat exchanger (30) rear end is provided with the collection smoke box, and smoke pipe (39) is compiled in the collection smoke box, and the collection smoke box communicates with outlet flue (27); Water inlet is taken over (29) and is located on the rear end housing (40) of heat exchanger (30).

2, boiler as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the horizontal center line that the position is higher than tubular heat exchanger (30) that is communicated with of left and right sides header (25) and housing (40), and left and right sides header is with the symmetrical installation of tubular heat exchanger (30) longitudinal centre line, and the vertical range at tubular heat exchanger (30) top and header top, the left and right sides is less than or equal to 150 millimeters.

3, boiler as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: smoke intaking hole (34) is located on the combustion chamber (4) and the furnace wall (12) between high temperature smoke-box (33) of casting furnace grate (2) top.

4, as claim 1 or 3 described boilers, it is characterized in that: be equipped with smoke intaking hole (34) on the combustion chamber (4) of the upper and lower of casting furnace grate (2) and the furnace wall between high temperature smoke-box (33).

5, boiler as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: the structure of smoke intaking hole (34) is an arc eaves formula structure.

6, boiler as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: the smoke intaking hole (34) of casting furnace grate (2) top the coal seam height that highly is higher than on the casting furnace grate (2) is set.

7, boiler as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the casting furnace grate (2) of described combustion chamber (4) below is a water pipe furnace grate.

8, boiler as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: down-comer (10) one ends are communicated with drum (20) housing before described, and the other end is communicated with the fire grate collector pipe.

9, boiler as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the housing (40) of down-comer (10) one end heat exchangers (30) is communicated with before described, and the other end is communicated with the fire grate collector pipe.