CN2869678Y - Coal-burning back-burning boiler - Google Patents

Coal-burning back-burning boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN2869678Y
CN2869678Y CN 200520147114 CN200520147114U CN2869678Y CN 2869678 Y CN2869678 Y CN 2869678Y CN 200520147114 CN200520147114 CN 200520147114 CN 200520147114 U CN200520147114 U CN 200520147114U CN 2869678 Y CN2869678 Y CN 2869678Y
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China
Prior art keywords
oven
chimney
burner hearth
coal
burning
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN 200520147114
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Chinese (zh)
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孙励明
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Individual
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Individual
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Abstract

A coal reversely burning oven contains an oven body, an oven chamber and an oven grate. The oven chamber is equipped in the front of the oven body. In the back of the oven body is equipped with two times combustion chamber. Both the bases of the oven body and the chamber are connected together. The top end of the two times combustion chamber is connected with the bottom of the chimney. Inside the two times combustion chamber is equipped with a plurality of heating tubes connected with the heat water chamber. In the lower of both the oven chamber and the two times combustion chamber is equipped with water pipes grate tilted forward and backward. The water pipe grate front end is higher than the rear and is laid in the top of the oven grate. On both the top and the bottom ends of the oven chamber is equipped with the wind input ports respectively and is connected with the main wind passage by the branch wind pipe. Inside the chimney is equipped with dust catching and de-sulfur device. The advantages of this model is that the model is a gasified reversely burning oven, obviously, the fire of the common oven is upwards burning, but the oven forces the high temperature gas burning downwards, thus, the utility model does not only make the material producing the black smoke burning, but also makes the charcoal burning sufficiently to reach the blast oven high heating efficiency.

Description

Coal-fired back firing boiler
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of coal-burning boiler, specifically is the anti-burning water-heating boiler of a kind of fire coal.
Background technology
The burning of producing the fire coal of the hot-water boiler that uses now all is from bottom to top, and the heat of burning and flue gas are from the smoke stack emission at top.Its shortcoming is that time of stopping in body of heater of flue gas and hot-fluid is very short, and heat is not fully used and is just discharged chimney, causes the waste of fuel, and gives off more flue dust, and air is polluted.In addition, sealing at fire door, shoot door is not very tight, how many some air leakage phenomena all like this, so the processing of when water outlet reaches temperature required, will banking up a fire, at this moment because of there being the place of leaking out to exist, so fuel can burn away in burner hearth, heat loss is so not only arranged, also can waste fuel, fire-sealing time is too short, makes the fireman will often fill out coal.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model just provides a kind of coal-fired back firing boiler, with solve that prior art exists the sealing of low, the contaminated environment of the thermal efficiency, fire door and shoot door tight and cause the too short problem of fire-sealing time.
The technical solution of the utility model is: comprise body of heater, burner hearth and fire grate, burner hearth is positioned at body of heater, is provided with hot water outlet and water return outlet at body of heater, and this hot water outlet is connected with the interior hot-water cavity of water return outlet and body of heater, and fire grate is located at the bottom of burner hearth; Top at body of heater is provided with chimney, burner hearth is connected with air blast by total air channel, described burner hearth is located at the front portion in the body of heater, rear portion in body of heater is provided with the second-time burning chamber, the bottom of the two connects, the top in this second-time burning chamber connects described chimney bottom, is provided with many hot-water lines with described hot-water cavity conducting in this second-time burning chamber; Bottom in described burner hearth and second-time burning chamber is provided with the water pipe furnace grate that tilts forward and back perforation, and the front end of this water pipe furnace grate is higher than the rear end and is positioned at described fire grate top; Top at described burner hearth is respectively equipped with air inlet and respectively by dividing branch air duct to be connected with described total air channel, respectively is provided with valve on each branch branch air duct with the bottom; In the chimney of described roof of the furnace, be provided with dust-removing desulfurating apparatus.Center in described chimney is provided with homoaxial jet airduct, and the lower end of this jet airduct passes chimney and is connected with the jet air-introduced machine.
Described dust-removing desulfurating apparatus comprises desulfurization dosing tank, overcoat, anti-stream lid and whirlwind sheet, the internal diameter of overcoat is greater than chimney and be connected on the bottom of described chimney, following chimney top penetrates in the bottom of this overcoat sealing, the top of overcoat is connected with top chimney bottom, the desulfurization dosing tank is installed in the overcoat outside and is connected with the overcoat bottom by pipeline, is provided with sewage draining exit in the bottom of overcoat; Be connected with a plurality of radially whirlwind sheets that are uniformly distributed along the circumference in outer, lower stack top, the outer end of this whirlwind sheet is connected with the lower end of described anti-stream lid is inboard.
Outside the air inlet of described roof of the furnace, be provided with the burner hearth dosing tank, both are connected with valve by pipeline, be provided with cyclone in the air inlet of this roof of the furnace, this cyclone is made of a plurality of blades of fan-type structure and is fixedly mounted on the cross section in the air inlet; The other end of the described pipeline that is connected with dosing tank is deep into the center in this air inlet and is provided with elbow towards burner hearth and cyclone.
Described water pipe furnace grate and below fire grate between be provided with another road ajutage, be provided with venthole above the tube wall of this ajutage, the outer end of this ajutage by another minute branch air duct and the valve of series connection with it be connected with described total air channel.
Be connected with by-pass flue at described burner hearth and chimney, in be provided with board-like check device; Be provided with the gravity type safety door in the body of heater upper end.
Total air channel in the outlet of described air blast is provided with electromagnetic valve; Be provided with electronic thermometer at described hot water outlet, the temperature signal of this thermometer is connected with described air blast, electromagnetic valve and the power supply of jet air-introduced machine by controller.
The utility model has the advantages that: this boiler is system gas back firing boiler, can obviously embody in this link, it is upwards burning that general boiler catches fire, and this boiler high temperature fuel gas, pressure burning downwards, so not only can make the substance combustion that produces black smoke, can also make the more abundant of coke burning, thereby reach the purpose that improves boiler thermal output.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the utility model side;
Fig. 2 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the enlarged drawing at B place among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the C-C cutaway view of Fig. 3.
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1~Fig. 4, the utility model comprises body of heater 7, burner hearth 15, water pipe furnace grate 8, second-time burning chamber 4 and fire grate 25, be provided with hot water outlet 6 and water return outlet 9 at body of heater 7, this hot water outlet 6 is connected with the interior hot-water cavity of water return outlet 9 and body of heater, and fire grate 25 is located at the bottom of burner hearth 15.Burner hearth 15 is located at the front portion in the body of heater, and the rear portion in body of heater is provided with second-time burning chamber 4, and the bottom of the two connects, and the top in this second-time burning chamber 4 connects the bottom of chimney 3, is provided with many hot-water lines 24 with described hot-water cavity conducting in this second-time burning chamber 4.Be provided with the water pipe furnace grate 8 that tilts forward and back perforation in the bottom in described burner hearth 15 and second-time burning chamber 4, the front end of this water pipe furnace grate 8 is higher than the rear end and is positioned at described fire grate 25 tops.The upper and lower of the fire grate 25 of the top of described burner hearth 15 and bottom be respectively equipped with three air inlets and respectively by divide branch air duct 21,22 with 23 and total air channel be connected with air blast 16, on each branch branch air duct, respectively be provided with valve K1, K2, K3; Total air channel in the outlet of described air blast 16 is provided with electromagnetic valve K4.The branch branch air duct 23 of described centre extends in the burner hearth, is provided with venthole above the tube wall at it, and its effect is to form air curtain at burner hearth 15 between second-time burning chamber 4.Center in described chimney 1 is provided with homoaxial jet airduct 11, and the lower end of this jet airduct 11 passes chimney 1 and is connected with jet air-introduced machine 12.Be provided with lower furnace door 29 and 30 respectively in the top and the bottom of burner hearth 15, be provided with deashing (slagging tap) door at burner hearth bottom.
Be connected with by-pass flue 13 at described burner hearth 15 tops and chimney, in be provided with board-like check device; Be provided with gravity type safety door C in the body of heater upper end.
In the chimney 3 of described roof of the furnace, be provided with dust-removing desulfurating apparatus B (referring to Fig. 3), this dust-removing desulfurating apparatus B comprises that desulfurization dosing tank 17, overcoat 2, anti-stream cover 26 and whirlwind sheet 27, the internal diameter of overcoat 2 is greater than chimney 1 and 3 and be connected between described chimney 1 and 3, following chimney 3 tops penetrate in the bottom of these overcoat 2 sealings, the top of overcoat 2 is connected with top chimney 1 bottom, desulfurization dosing tank 17 is installed in overcoat 2 outsides and is connected with overcoat 2 bottoms by pipeline, is provided with sewage draining exit 19 in the bottom of overcoat 2.Be connected with a plurality of radially whirlwind sheets 27 that are uniformly distributed along the circumference in outer, lower stack 3 top, the inner of this whirlwind sheet 27 is connected the outside of annulus 28, the outer end of this whirlwind sheet is connected with the lower end of described anti-stream lid 26 is inboard, and annulus 28 is socketed in outer, lower stack 3 top.The course of work of this dust-removing desulfurating apparatus B is: when needs are filled out coal, close air blast 16, open jet blower 12, after filling out coal and finishing, process enters the normal combustion state as mentioned above, after flue gas comes out, directly enter desulfation dust-extraction device, be furnished with soup water tank 18 on the device, (interior is ammonium bicarbonate solution) links to each other with three, flue gas fully reacts with solution by whirlwind sheet 27 atomizing, and remaining flue gas anti-gravitation that goes out by jet blower 12 from solution is discharged into the air from chimney 1.Like this by making flue gas reach the effect of desulfurization, smoke elimination, dedusting behind this solution.Every performance indications of discharging flue gas all reach or are better than Beijing's provincial standard " boiler pollutant comprehensive discharge standard ".
Outside the air inlet at described burner hearth 15 tops, be provided with burner hearth dosing tank 18, both are connected with valve K5 by pipeline 20, be provided with cyclone 10 in the air inlet of this roof of the furnace, this cyclone 10 is made of a plurality of blades of fan-type structure, and is fixedly mounted on the interior cross section of air inlet.The lower end of the described pipeline that is connected with dosing tank 10 is deep into the center in this air inlet and is provided with elbow towards burner hearth and cyclone.
Be provided with electronic thermometer 5 at described hot water outlet 6, the temperature signal of this thermometer 5 is connected with the power supply of described air blast 16 and jet air-introduced machine 12 by controller (not shown).When the water temperature of hot water outlet 6 reached setting value, controller cut out the magnetic valve K4 on air blast 16, jet air-introduced machine 12 and the total air channel automatically.Otherwise, then automatically starting operation.
The course of work of the present utility model and characteristics are as follows:
After the boiler point caught fire, after upper furnace door 29 was filled it up with coal, with all fire doors, shoot door was closed, and opened air blast 16, jet air-introduced machine 12, and air blast 16 separates three the tunnel by total air channel and divides branch air duct 21,22,23, connects three different blast orifices respectively.
On each branch road air channel, be installed on Hand-operated butterfly valve K1, K2, K3, can regulate the intake that butterfly valve is controlled each minute branch air duct accordingly successively, just need not regulate again substantially during so each start and stop blower fan tertiary air with air quantity.
A soup spray equipment is arranged on the one transportation work style road 21, be one and promote the very important device of fuel combustion.Be made of Cistern with chemicals adding means 18 and pipeline 20, the ammonium bicarbonate solution of (according to selected coal sulfur content difference) preparation in proportion in the Cistern with chemicals adding means 18 flows to air channel 21 one time by woven hose 20, and whirlwind atomising device 10 is installed in the exit in an air channel 21.Utilize the air-supply blast of air blast 16 that soup is sprayed uniformly on the coal seam, the effect of spray bicarbonate ammoniacal liquor is to promote fuel combustion, and can take off the sulphur-containing substance of part.
Fuel combustion process:
This boiler has adopted brand-new combustion system in burner hearth 15, burner hearth is the collection burning, preheating, coal storage is integrated, during igniting on water pipe furnace grate 8 upper berths wood ignition, open jet air-introduced machine 12, when temperature acquires a certain degree in the stove, and when on fire grate 8, forming charcoal fire, add bunker coal, and close fire door 29, open air blast 16 and in burner hearth 15, blow, make coal heated by the heat energy of upwards radiation, fuel gas in the fuel is shot and penetrate the high-temperature fuel layer downwards after oxygen mixes and make its burning, see through the water pipe furnace grate slit downwards and meet secondary wind, reach abundant burning with the oxygen reaction, gas reaches purification when making the discharge burner hearth, avoids producing black smoke.Carrying out along with burning, the high-temperature gas mixed combustion that forms the burning of coke and oxygen forms violent chemical reaction and discharges a large amount of heat energy, the interior day-coal of stove is heated rapidly produce more fuel gas, contacting with coke downwards to burn coke rapidly completely, Cistern with chemicals adding means 18 is spray alkalescence (ammonium bicarbonate solution) water smoke in stove simultaneously, the water smoke decomposes of in burner hearth, heating, form free hydroxyl ion, and ammonium ion, hydroxyl ion plays combustion-supporting effect in stove, and the charcoal shell of coke outside is broken, and make coke after-flame fully, reduce heat loss of imperfect solid combustion in a large number.Element sulphur in ammonium ion and the coal and airborne oxygen element hybrid reaction form the sulphur ammoniate, when passing through the water filter of desulfation dust-extraction device when discharging out of the furnace, mix with buck, and are trapped in the buck of desulfation dust-extraction device.
During fuel combustion, the influence that is subjected to furnace pressure and passes through the air-flow in slit has the unburnt charcoal fire of few part, fall on lower floor's fire grate 25 by the gap of water-cooled grate 8, when reaching certain thickness, open the fire grate blow valve K2 of lower floor (being secondary wind), to lower floor's fire grate air-supply, with the surplus charcoal after-flame of fire grate.Furnace gas can contain few part when discharging dust produces, when passing through chimney desulfation dust-extraction device B, mixes in dust gas with buck eddy flow in the devulcanizer, dust is bonded in the devulcanizer water, and produces precipitation, after regularly discharge desulfation dust-extraction device again by blow-off pipe.
This boiler is system gas back firing boiler, can obviously embody in this link, it is upwards burning that general boiler catches fire, and this boiler high temperature fuel gas is forced downwardly burning, so not only can make the substance combustion that produces black smoke, can also make the more abundant of coke burning, thereby reach the purpose that improves boiler thermal output.
Produce the hot-water boiler that uses on the market now, at fire door, deashing, the sealing of clean-out door is not very tight, how many some air leakage phenomena all like this, so the processing of when water outlet reaches temperature required, will banking up a fire, at this moment because of there being the place of leaking out to exist, so fuel can burn away in burner hearth, heat loss is so not only arranged, also can waste fuel, fire-sealing time is too short, makes the fireman will often fill out coal.Yet the utility model just this class problem can not occur, because of boiler furnace is an all-sealed structure, not having air leakage phenomena exists, when boiler export 6 water temperatures reached setting value, air blast 16 was out of service automatically, because of not leaking out, the necessary condition air that does not burn required enters, at this moment can enter the state of banking up a fire automatically, the surplus burning in the burner hearth can be carried out the preheating and drying stage voluntarily to fuel, and fuel enters into combustion phases very soon when starting air blast 16 once more like this.So this novel furnace is fuel saving greatly not only, also can further improve the thermal efficiency, accelerate the programming rate of stove water.
Because of the boiler furnace that designs will be far longer than existing hand coal-fired boiler, its coal storage is bigger, and adding burner hearth is hermetically-sealed construction, and its burning time is long.
The security of this boiler:
Boiler safety device in two sub-sections, one is the by-pass flue 13 that is connected with lower stack 3 by the burner hearth fairlead, in be provided with board-like check device.Another is the unlatching gravity type safety door C freely that is located at furnace roof.
The effect of by-pass flue 13 is, when air blast 16 under running status, the board-like check device in the flue is under the effect of air blast and lifts closure state, make the burner hearth burning under the sealing situation, carry out, when air blast was out of service, check device can hang down automatically, is in opening, at this moment by the air inlet of air blast 16, through an air channel 21, have the part air and enter burner hearth 15, with part high-temperature combustible gas precursor reactant in the burner hearth.Unreacted high-temperature combustible gas body, the check device by opening wide enters in the air by jet air-introduced machine 12 after by-pass flue 13 enters chimney 3.So just avoided opening fire door suddenly when the workman takes maloperation, made high-temperature combustible gas body and air generation vigorous reaction in the stove, the generation detonation is burnt the workman or is scalded.
The effect of gravity type safety door C is: when burner hearth did not surpass design pressure, the gravity safety door was a full open not.Contain inflammable and explosive (as detonator etc.) material and exist in fuel, at the unexpected explosion time of burner hearth internal combustion, make under the situation that the pressure of burner hearth sharply raises, the gravity type safety door can carry out fast pressure relief by furnace pressure with its jack-up, makes it pressure balance.The bursting of boilers be can avoid like this, great security incident and economic loss caused.
Boiler possesses this two devices, can make the boiler operatiopn safety and reliability, and operation is concisely convenient, even if also can not cause serious consequence in maloperation.
This boiler has used jet air-introduced machine 12 on chimney, not only can reduce the height of chimney, can also reduce the flue gas resistance in the stove, can more meet user's the demand and the requirement of Environmental Protection Agency.
The characteristics that this boiler possessed are summarized as follows:
1. product has been broken through the theory of combustion of industry boiler, has both solved the difficult problem of bituminous coal smokeless, has saved fuel again greatly, has really reached environmental protection and energy saving.
2. burning boiler reasonably combines with electronic technology and realized the burning of coal-burning boiler automatic constant temperature, and is safe and convenient to use, do not need personnel to stand fast at and keeps an eye on, and saving of work and time can really reach the purpose of saving the energy and fund.
Boiler exert oneself greatly, heat loss is little, promptly thermal efficiency height reaches about 90%.
After burner hearth was filled it up with coal, if warm oneself daytime during the peak period, a thorax coal incendivity was about 4-5 hour, if need bank up a fire night the time, a thorax coal incendivity is about 7-9 hour.Long because of fuel in the time of burner hearth internal combustion, prolonged the time that coke stops so too in the fire grate thorax, make the more complete, abundant of fuel combustion, the lime-ash of Chan Shenging is also just fewer like this.The fire of disclosing to the burner hearth fuel bed is also wanted normal open unlike the existing type of furnace, but in the time need filling out coal, discloses fire in passing at every turn.But the workload that this not only makes furnaceman save normal deashing, often poke fire, often fill out coal, also end user unit reduces required fireman's number.Therefore reach and save manually, reduce the purpose of fireman's workload.

Claims (7)

1. a coal-fired back firing boiler comprises body of heater, burner hearth and fire grate, and burner hearth is positioned at body of heater, is provided with hot water outlet and water return outlet at body of heater, and this hot water outlet is connected with the interior hot-water cavity of water return outlet and body of heater, and fire grate is located at the bottom of burner hearth; Top at body of heater is provided with chimney, burner hearth is connected with air blast by total air channel, it is characterized in that: described burner hearth is located at the front portion in the body of heater, rear portion in body of heater is provided with the second-time burning chamber, the bottom of the two connects, the top in this second-time burning chamber connects described chimney bottom, is provided with many hot-water lines with described hot-water cavity conducting in this second-time burning chamber; Bottom in described burner hearth and second-time burning chamber is provided with the water pipe furnace grate that tilts forward and back perforation, and the front end of this water pipe furnace grate is higher than the rear end and is positioned at described fire grate top; Top at described burner hearth is respectively equipped with air inlet and respectively by dividing branch air duct to be connected with described total air channel, respectively is provided with valve on each branch branch air duct with the bottom; In the chimney of described roof of the furnace, be provided with dust-removing desulfurating apparatus.
2. coal-fired back firing boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described dust-removing desulfurating apparatus comprises desulfurization dosing tank, overcoat, anti-stream lid and whirlwind sheet, the internal diameter of overcoat is greater than chimney and be connected on the bottom of described chimney, following chimney top penetrates in the bottom of this overcoat sealing, the top of overcoat is connected with top chimney bottom, the desulfurization dosing tank is installed in the overcoat outside and is connected with the overcoat bottom by pipeline, is provided with sewage draining exit in the bottom of overcoat; Be connected with a plurality of radially whirlwind sheets that are uniformly distributed along the circumference in outer, lower stack top, the outer end of this whirlwind sheet is connected with the lower end of described anti-stream lid is inboard.
3. coal-fired back firing boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: outside the air inlet of described roof of the furnace, be provided with the burner hearth dosing tank, both are connected with valve by pipeline, be provided with cyclone in the air inlet of this roof of the furnace, this cyclone is made of a plurality of blades of fan-type structure and is fixedly mounted on the cross section in the air inlet; The other end of the described pipeline that is connected with dosing tank is deep into the center in this air inlet and is provided with elbow towards burner hearth and cyclone.
4. coal-fired back firing boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described water pipe furnace grate and below fire grate between be provided with another road ajutage, be provided with venthole above the tube wall of this ajutage, the outer end of this ajutage by another minute branch air duct and the valve of series connection with it be connected with described total air channel.
5. coal-fired back firing boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the center in described chimney is provided with homoaxial jet airduct, and the lower end of this jet airduct passes chimney and is connected with the jet air-introduced machine.
6. coal-fired back firing boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be connected with by-pass flue at described burner hearth and chimney, in be provided with board-like check device; Be provided with the gravity type safety door in the body of heater upper end.
7. according to any one described coal-fired back firing boiler of claim 1~6, it is characterized in that: the total air channel in the outlet of described air blast is provided with electromagnetic valve; Be provided with electronic thermometer at described hot water outlet, the temperature signal of this thermometer is connected with described air blast, electromagnetic valve and the power supply of jet air-introduced machine by controller.
CN 200520147114 2005-12-29 2005-12-29 Coal-burning back-burning boiler Expired - Fee Related CN2869678Y (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 200520147114 CN2869678Y (en) 2005-12-29 2005-12-29 Coal-burning back-burning boiler

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 200520147114 CN2869678Y (en) 2005-12-29 2005-12-29 Coal-burning back-burning boiler

Publications (1)

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CN2869678Y true CN2869678Y (en) 2007-02-14

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CN 200520147114 Expired - Fee Related CN2869678Y (en) 2005-12-29 2005-12-29 Coal-burning back-burning boiler

Country Status (1)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102418994A (en) * 2011-12-05 2012-04-18 王忠信 Novel energy-saving boiler

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102418994A (en) * 2011-12-05 2012-04-18 王忠信 Novel energy-saving boiler
CN102418994B (en) * 2011-12-05 2016-10-26 王忠信 Energy-saving boiler

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Granted publication date: 20070214

Termination date: 20100129