CN2457253Y

CN2457253Y - Building block

Info

Publication number: CN2457253Y
Application number: CN 00208173
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马辉祥
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2000-04-28
Filing date: 2000-04-28
Publication date: 2001-10-31
Anticipated expiration: 2010-04-28

Abstract

The utility model discloses a building block suitable for dry laying method, which is characterized in that the building block is provided with a horizontal baffle. A blind hole is formed by the baffle and a component connected with the baffle, the bearing area and shear-resistant area are large, and the outer connecting surface is provided with a tenon and a groove. During the laying, the tenon and the groove can be connected with each other to form integration along the three-dimensional direction without mortar, and the position which needs to pass through a pipe is provided with a groove. The building block can improve the safety and heat-insulating property of a laying body and satisfy the needs of burying a pipe in a hidden mode.

Description

Building block

The utility model relates to materials for wall, is a kind of building block.

At present, known block materials for wall is used to construct building all need use mortar bonding, and the intensity of mortar all is significantly less than the intensity of materials for wall.The fragility of masonry mortar is a kind of very important potential safety hazard, nearly all building collapse all be since the elder generation of puzzle joint mortar cracked due to.In addition, most materials for wall heat-proof qualities are poor, and can not concealed piping.

The purpose of this utility model provides the building block of a kind of being applicable to " in the block method ", without mortar, can improve resistance to overturning and the safety and the thermal and insulating performance of building when it is used to build by laying bricks or stones, and can satisfy the needs of concealed piping.

The building block that the utility model provides, surround by wall rib and cross rib and to constitute, it is characterized in that, it have by horizontal baffle, in every surrounding the blind hole that constitutes with wall rib, cross rib, the soffit that is positioned at the horizontal baffle that blind hole goes to the bottom has tenon, the side that is connected with adjacent block when being used to build by laying bricks or stones is shaped on tenon, groove, on the top of building block that need be by pipeline or/and the region of interest of bottom has groove.When building by laying bricks or stones, building block blind hole opening down, the bottom surface tenon inserts in the blind hole up, connects if any the corresponding socket joint also done of side tenon groove, can realize the interlocking of blockhouse.

Owing to adopt such scheme, utilize the tenon groove of block surfaces to realize the reciprocal interlocking of blockhouse when building by laying bricks or stones, thereby saved masonry mortar, save cost of materials, also help the raising speed of application, reduce building cost.Because without mortar bonding, building can not collapse because of the puzzle joint mortar is cracked when running into earthquake.Therefore planting building block can both " freedom " vibrate, and can reset again after vibration stops, so the building of building with this kind building block can improve shock resistance.Because its tenon is not on pressure-bearing surface, building block bearing area and anti-shearing area are big, help improving the strength grade of building block.Because adopt blind hole structure, the thermal and insulating performance of building block is good.Its surperficial tenon also has the antiseepage effect.Groove in the building block is concealed piping easily.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further specified.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model basic model building block.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation type of side trapezoidal tenon master building block.Proper transformation, Fig. 2 also expresses the structure of the auxilliary building block of trapezoidal tenon.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of side dovetail joint master building block.Proper transformation, Fig. 3 also expresses the structure of the auxilliary building block of dovetail joint.

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of side dovetail joint left-hand rotation angle building block.

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of side dovetail joint right turn angle building block.

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of side dovetail joint T word left-hand rotation coupling block.

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of side dovetail joint T word right-hand rotation coupling block.

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of side dovetail joint cross coupling block.

Fig. 9 is the utility model user mode schematic cross-sectional view.

Figure 10 is the vertical elevational schematic view of basic model building block user mode.

Figure 11, Figure 12 are respectively the various angle node user mode figure of basic model building block lower floor and upper strata.

Figure 13, Figure 14 are respectively the various angle node user mode figure of side dovetail joint building block lower floor and upper strata.

Fig. 9 to Figure 14 has also expressed the part correlation structure of the various building blocks of the utility model.

In each building block described in the utility model, all formation body of wall surfaces externally and internallies be called the wall rib, vertical with the wall rib cross rib that is called, be parallel in being called of wall rib every.

Fig. 1 has provided the structure of basic model building block 1.Building block 1 is by wall rib 10, cross rib 14 to 16, horizontal baffle 17, in surround formation every 18.The horizontal baffle soffit has tenon 19, and groove 21 is around the tenon periphery, and groove 22 traverses the middle part.Groove 23 passes through building block top, and horizontal baffle is above to be blind hole 25.Being derived by building block shown in Figure 1 because of side tenon building block forms, so claim that Fig. 1 building block is the basic model building block.

Fig. 2 has provided the structure of side trapezoidal tenon master building block 2.Building block 2 is by wall rib 10, cross rib 14 to 16, horizontal baffle 17, in surround formation every 18.The horizontal baffle soffit has tenon 19, and the tenon both sides are groove 21, and groove 22 traverses the tenon middle part.Groove 23 passes through building block top.The trapezoidal tenon 28 of cross rib 14 overhanging formation, contracting in the cross rib 16 forms with shape groove 29, and horizontal baffle is above to be blind hole 25.

Fig. 3 has provided the structure of side dovetail joint master building block 3.Building block 3 is by wall rib 10,

cross rib

14,16, horizontal baffle 17, in surround formation every 18.The both sides of the tenon 19 of horizontal baffle soffit are groove 21.Cross rib 14 overhanging formation fish tail shape tenons 28, contracting in the cross rib 16 forms with shape groove 29.Groove 23 passes through building block top.Dividing plate is above to be blind hole 25.

According to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, with cross rib 16 outer being stretched into, and there is not groove 29 as tenon 28, then become the auxilliary building block 4 of trapezoidal tenon in side and side dovetail joint respectively.The connection of the groove that building block 4 is used for two adjacent building blocks in opposite directions the time.

Various main and auxiliary building blocks all can be made into piece types such as 1/2 and 1/4.According to instructions for use, the cross rib of the major-minor building block of basic model building block, the trapezoidal tenon in side and dovetail joint all can be three or two.

Fig. 4, Fig. 5 have provided the structure of side dovetail joint left-hand rotation angle building block 5 and right turn angle building block 6 respectively.Building block 5 and building block 6 be by

wall rib

10,12, cross rib 14 to 16, horizontal baffle 17, in surround formation every 18.The horizontal baffle soffit has tenon 19, and the tenon edge is fluted 21, and groove 22 traverses tenon 19 middle parts.Cross rib 14 overhanging formation fish tail shape tenons 28, contracting in the wall rib 12 forms with shape groove 29.On

cross rib

14,15 and the wall rib 12

groove

23 and 24 are arranged respectively.Dividing plate is above to be blind hole 25.

Fig. 6, Fig. 7 have provided the structure of side dovetail joint T word left-hand rotation coupling block 7 and T word right-hand rotation coupling block 8 respectively.Building block 7 and building block 8 be by

wall rib

10,12, cross rib 14 to 16, horizontal baffle 17, in surround formation every 18.The horizontal baffle soffit has tenon 19, and the tenon edge is fluted 21, and groove 22 traverses tenon 19 middle parts.Cross rib 14 overhanging formation fish tail shape tenons 28, cross rib 16 and wall rib 12 contract in respectively and form with shape groove 29,30.On cross rib 14 to 16 and the wall rib 12

groove

23 and 24 are arranged respectively.Horizontal baffle is above to be blind hole 25.

Fig. 8 has provided the structure of side dovetail joint cross coupling block 9.Building block 9 is to contract in building block 7 and wall ribs 10 groove 30 opposite flanks one section to form with symmetrical another groove 31 of groove 30 to form, and can be solid between two

grooves

30,31.

According to Fig. 4 to Fig. 8,, then can obtain the corresponding angle node coupling block of the trapezoidal tenon in side respectively if side fish tail shape tenon, the groove of building block shown in each figure is replaced into as shown in Figure 2 trapezoidal tenon, groove respectively.

For avoiding tenon 19 blocking pipeline paths in the use,

groove

23,24 must be opened to enough degree of depth.For avoiding groove to cross the dark block strength that influences, can also open a same trench at the correspondence position of building block soffit, groove 23 as shown in Figure 9.Building block in the construction level position that does not need concealed piping also can not made above-mentioned groove.

If cancel each building block in every 18 then become single blind hole, this kind building block can be used for the less demanding building of thermal and insulating performance.

The using method of various building blocks is referring to Fig. 9 to Figure 14.

Fig. 9 is illustrated in bottom surface tenon 19 and has same trench with

upper groove

23,24 corresponding positions.Tenon 19 inserts in the blind hole of epithelium building block, and the hypodermis building block is laterally interlocked.Groove 23 is used to hold pipeline.Diagram A, B are the building block pressure-bearing surface.

Figure 10 has provided the situation when the hypodermis fissure of displacement is taken block in the basic model building block.The tenon 19 of hypodermis building block inserts the blind hole of epithelium building block, and last hypodermis building block realizes vertically interlocking.

Figure 11,12 expression basic model building blocks hypodermis fissure of displacement on different angle nodes are taken the situation when building.Figure 12 is placed on above Figure 11, and the tenon 19 of hypodermis building block inserts the blind hole of epithelium building block, and the wall rib of epithelium building block, cross rib are connected with the

groove

21,22 of hypodermis building block respectively.

The situation that Figure 13, the different angle nodes of 14 expressions use dovetail joint corresponding building block in side to connect.Right turn angle building block 6 on corresponding four angles with Figure 14 of left-hand rotation angle building block 5 on four angles of Figure 13 intersects takes block, the T word right-hand rotation coupling block 8 at the four edges middle part of Figure 13 and the 7 staggered blocks of taking of the T word left-hand rotation coupling block on Figure 14 opposite position, the cross coupling block of two figure central authorities intersects takes block.Each building block tenon 19 inserts the blind hole of the corresponding building block of Figure 14 among Figure 13, and the wall rib of each building block of Figure 14, cross rib are connected with the

groove

21,22 of the corresponding building block of Figure 13 respectively.

Building method on trapezoidal each angle node of tenon building block in side is identical with side dovetail joint building block.

Basic model building block highly versatile, it is easy to take block, uses mould few, but because of not having tenon in its side, perps easily produces the straight joint infiltration, so only should be used to have the masonry project of facing.Side tenon building block versatility is poor, and various angle nodes all need connect with corresponding building block, need be many with mould, but its functional performance is good, is difficult for producing straight joint.The dovetail joint structure is complicated, but it can bear shearing and pulling force simultaneously, can effectively prevent the material and the structural stress deformation of building, the shattered crack of prevention masonry.

Claims

1, a kind of building block, surround by wall rib and cross rib and to constitute, it is characterized in that: it has blind hole (25), this blind hole by horizontal baffle (17), in surround formation every (18) and wall rib, cross rib, horizontal baffle (17) is positioned at blind hole and goes to the bottom, the soffit of horizontal baffle (17) has tenon (19), in be positioned at horizontal baffle (17) top and be connected every (18) with horizontal baffle, cross rib.

2, building block according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the blind hole that is connected (25) by horizontal baffle (17), in surround formation every (18) and wall rib, cross rib, the soffit that is positioned at the horizontal baffle (17) that blind hole goes to the bottom has tenon (19), in be positioned at horizontal baffle (17) top and be connected every (18) with horizontal baffle, cross rib, tenon (19) middle part is traversed in peripheral fluted (21) of tenon (19), groove (22).

3, building block according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described blind hole (25) by horizontal baffle (17), in surround formation every (18) and wall rib, cross rib, the soffit that is positioned at the horizontal baffle (17) that blind hole goes to the bottom has tenon (19), in be positioned at horizontal baffle (17) top and be connected every (18) with horizontal baffle, cross rib, groove (22) traverses tenon (19) middle part, the trapezoidal tenon of the overhanging formation of cross rib (14) (28), contracting in the cross rib (16) forms with shape groove (29).

4, building block according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described blind hole (25) by horizontal baffle (17), in surround formation every (18) and wall rib, cross rib, the soffit that is positioned at the horizontal baffle (17) that blind hole goes to the bottom has tenon (19), in be positioned at horizontal baffle (17) top and be connected every (18) with horizontal baffle, cross rib, cross rib (14) overhanging formation fish tail shape tenon (28), contracting in the cross rib (16) forms with shape groove (29).

5, building block according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described blind hole (25) by horizontal baffle (17), in surround formation every (18) and wall rib, cross rib, the soffit that is positioned at the horizontal baffle (17) that blind hole goes to the bottom has tenon (19), in be positioned at horizontal baffle (17) top and be connected the overhanging formation fish tail shape of cross rib (14) (16)/trapezoidal tenon (28) with horizontal baffle, cross rib every (18).

6, building block according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described blind hole (25) by horizontal baffle (17), in surround formation every (18) and wall rib, cross rib, the soffit that is positioned at the horizontal baffle (17) that blind hole goes to the bottom has tenon (19), in be positioned at horizontal baffle (17) top and be connected every (18) with horizontal baffle, cross rib, the outside of tenon (19) fluted (21), groove (22) traverses tenon (19) middle part, the overhanging formation fish tail shape of cross rib (14)/trapezoidal tenon (28), contracting in the wall rib (12) forms with shape groove (29).

7, building block according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described blind hole (25) is by horizontal baffle (17), in every (18) and wall rib, cross rib surrounds formation, the soffit that is positioned at the horizontal baffle (17) that blind hole goes to the bottom has tenon (19), in every (18) be positioned at horizontal baffle (17) top and and horizontal baffle, cross rib is connected, the outside of tenon (19) fluted (21), groove (22) traverses tenon (19) middle part, the overhanging formation fish tail shape of cross rib (14)/trapezoidal tenon (28), wall rib (12) and cross rib (16) contract in respectively and form with shape groove (30) (29).

8, building block according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described blind hole (25) is by horizontal baffle (17), in every (18) and wall rib, cross rib surrounds formation, the soffit that is positioned at the horizontal baffle (17) that blind hole goes to the bottom has tenon (19), in every (18) be positioned at horizontal baffle (17) top and and horizontal baffle, cross rib is connected, peripheral fluted (21) of tenon (19), groove (22) traverses tenon (19) middle part, the overhanging formation fish tail shape of cross rib (14)/trapezoidal tenon (28), a section of wall rib (10), wall rib (12) and cross rib (16) contract in respectively and form with shape groove (31) (30) (29).

9, according to the described building block of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that: the top of described cross rib/cross rib and wall rib has groove (23) or groove (23) (24), and horizontal baffle soffit and the corresponding position of above-mentioned groove have groove (23) or groove (23) (24).