CN2368219Y - Brushless variable-resistance starter of ac. asynchronous motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a brushless resistance changing starting device for an alternate current asynchronous motor and is formed by a resistance changing coil (9) and a centrifugal switch (3) being arranged on yoke plates (1). An original carbon brush sliding ring mechanism is replaced, and a magnetic core (8) is sheathed with a coil (7) to form the resistance changing coil (9). A fixing apparatus is arranged between the two yoke plates (1), and a movable electrode part and a fixing electrode part are arranged on an electrode sleeve (23) to form the centrifugal switch (3). The centrifugal switch (3) is fixed on the two yoke plates (1) in the radial direction and is directly and shortly connected with a rotor line. The brushless resistance changing starting device for an alternate current asynchronous motor eliminates the line loss, reduces the resistance and reduces the reactive power. The rotating current and the starting rotating distance are enlarged, and the operating stability is enhanced. The brushless resistance changing starting device for an alternate current asynchronous motor relieves the electric appliance consumption and the maintenance stopping loss and saves more than 5 % of the electricity.

Description

The brushless rheostatic starter of AC induction motor

The utility model belongs to the starting device of threephase asynchronous.

The starting device of the medium-sized asynchronous motor of existing domestic unified design, its structure mainly is carbon brush (B), slip ring (14), A.C. contactor (29), frequency sensitive resistor (30), tie cable (31) etc., but series resistor or reactance in the fixed rotor loop, make motor when starting, obtain higher power factor and big torque, so at metallurgy, machinery, industry extensive uses such as chemical industry, but because control appliance complexity, the electric elements contact point is many, often break down, particularly multiple electric motors starting, the easier electric elements that cause damage, influence motor and normally move, need a large amount of manpower and materials of cost to keep in repair, change.With 130～245 kilowatt motors is example, and every year, only every of electric elements loss just reached (see YR, JR serial motors, Nanjing Turbo-Motor Factory produces) about 20,000 yuan.

The purpose of this utility model just provides a kind of novel starting device of motor, and the loss of solution electrical equipment is many, the problem that failure rate is high; reduce shutdown loss, reduce operating cost, improve running quality; guarantee the motor operate as normal, save electric energy, prolong motor useful life.

Task of the present utility model is finished like this: design the brushless rheostatic starter of a kind of AC induction motor, replace existing carbon brush slip-ring starter mechanism, device is on motor rear axle (11), its version is with change resistance coil (9), centrifugal switch (3) is installed in yoke plate (1) and goes up composition, become resistance coil (9) fixture between two yoke plates (1), centrifugal switch (3) partly is installed on the electrode sleeve (23) by float electrode part and fixed electrode to be formed, upward be radial even distribution at yoke plate (1), radially be fixed on the yoke plate (1) around central shaft hole (D).Becoming resistance coil (9) is made up of cylinder shape magnetic core (8) suit coil (7), axial device is in the middle of two yoke plates (1), with axle sleeve (2) is that the center evenly distributes, by magnetic core screw (5) and locating pad (4) magnetic core (8) and yoke plate (1) are fixed together, coil (7) head end and binding post (6) are welded as a whole.The float electrode of centrifugal switch (3) partly comprises float electrode (22), weight (25), spring (24), wiring nut (27), fixed electrode partly comprises fixed electrode (18), electrode is end cap (20) fixedly, electrode insulation pad (21), electrode hold-down nut (19), interior end disc (T) intercalation electrode of fixed electrode is the groove of end cap (20) inner face fixedly, fixedly end cap (20) outside of electrode is stretched out in fixed electrode (18) outer end, by electrode hold-down nut (19) with fixed electrode (18) and electrode fixedly end cap (20) tighten together, fixedly end cap (20) and electrode insulation pad (21) are fixed on the electrode sleeve (23) with electrode by hold-down screw (28) again, weight (25) is housed on the float electrode (22), the inner pocketed springs of float electrode (22) (24) stretches in the electrode sleeve (21), spring (24) supports weight (25) at electrode sleeve (23) openend, keep off in electrode sleeve (23) by electrode baffle plate (26), electrode baffle plate (26) outside is stretched out in float electrode (22) outer end, suit wiring nut (27), the base (Y) of electrode sleeve (23) by screw on yoke plate (1).Yoke plate (1) is the circular metal flat board of two identical band central shaft holes (D), parallel sleeve is contained in axle sleeve (2) two ends, have magnetic core location hole and binding post (6) hole on the yoke plate (1), the binding post (6) that becomes the welding of resistance coil (8) head end can pass binding post (6) hole and stretch out yoke plate (1) outside.。Float electrode (22) outer end of centrifugal switch (3) is all linked up with lead and wiring nut (27), and be connected and fixed with yoke plate (1).A whole set of brushless rheostatic starter assembles and can be sleeved on the motor rear axle (11).The yoke plate (1) that will have binding post (6) during installation is towards motor (10) far-end, the keyway that embeds axle sleeve (2) and motor rear axle (11) with linking bond is fixed, brushless rheostatic starter and motor rear axle (11) are connected in one, binding post (6) connects with lead with the fixed electrode (18) of centrifugal switch (3), the lead and the binding post (6) of drawing in the motor rear axle (11) is linked together again.Can start working after assembling, energized, motor (10) is in the starting operation state, the electrical installation principle is: the logical brushless rheostatic starter → motor (10) of stator energising → rotor track induced current → rotor current reaches certain rotating speed, under centrifugal action, weight (25) the compression spring (24) of centrifugal switch (3), the central through hole that makes float electrode (22) the inner stretch out electrode sleeve (23) bottom contacts with fixed electrode disk (T), is communicated with directly conducting rotor loop → rotor → motor (10) normal operation of fixed electrode (18).Powered-down, motor (10) rotating speed descends, and centrifugal force reduces, and the spring (24) of centrifugal switch (3) pushes up back weight (25), and float electrode (22) disengages with fixed electrode (18), and circuit disconnects, and gets back to initial condition.The utility model has removed traditional carbon brush (13), slip ring (14), A.C. contactor components and parts such as (29) fully.Centrifugal switch (3) directly with rotor line short circuit, has reduced the resistance in the rotor track on motor rear axle (11), increased the revolution electric current of rotor loop, has reduced motor (10) reactive power consumption, makes motor (1) be in best running state.Directly be contained on the motor rear axle (11) owing to the utility model simultaneously, become one with rotor, be in relative static conditions, the rotor line directly links to each other with the utility model, without any line loss, and the utility model together turns round with rotor, therefore the mechanism that is equivalent to an energy storage and exoergic has improved motor (10) run stability, has increased the impedance of rotor when starting, reduce starting current effectively, increased starting torque.

Through above-mentioned design, making, test; proof the utility model successfully all removes original starting device; solve the loss and the maintenance problem of electrical equipment up hill and dale, guaranteed the operation of motor (10) normal starting effectively, reduced fault and shutdown loss; active power and running quality have been improved; starting current is little, and torque is big, can save electric energy; prolong motor (10) useful life, reached predetermined purpose preferably.

Below accompanying drawing is illustrated:

Fig. 1 is the utility model structure front view;

Fig. 2 is the left side view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the utility model installation site figure;

Fig. 4 is original starting device locations of structures figure;

Fig. 5 is centrifugal switch of the present utility model (a 3) structure cutaway view;

Fig. 6 is the utility model circuit connecting figure;

Fig. 7 is original starting device circuit connecting figure.

Among the figure, 1-yoke plate, 2-axle sleeve, 3-centrifugal switch, the 4-locating pad, 5-magnetic core screw, 6-binding post, the 7-coil, 8-magnetic core, 9-become the resistance coil, the 10-motor, 11-motor rear axle, 12-carbon brush fixed mount, the 13-carbon brush, 14-slip ring, 15-insulating case, 16-change lever, 17-slip ring axle sleeve, 18-fixed electrode, 19-motor hold-down nut, the 20-electrode is end cap fixedly, 21-electrode insulation pad, the 22-float electrode, 23-electrode sleeve, 24-spring, the 25-weight, 26-electrode baffle plate, 27-wiring nut, the 28-hold-down screw, 29-A.C. contactor, 30-frequency sensitive resistor, the 31-tie cable, D-central shaft hole, Q-rotor, end disc in the Y-base, T-fixed electrode, W-yoke plate and change resistance coil combination.

The utility model is described in further detail by embodiment at last.

Getting the supporting JR127-8 type of 130KW air compressor machine motor reequips, with the carbon brush slip-ring starting device of being adorned on original motor rear axle, comprise that A.C. contactor, the time relay, frequency sensitive resistor, tie cable all remove, install novel brushless rheostatic starter again.The manufacturing materials of each building block, parameter are: two yoke plates adopt the 45# steel plate to make, the thick 10mm of external diameter  340mm, central shaft hole  95mm, the axis hole edge has 14 * 5mm keyway, has 6 magnetic core location hole  60mm around central shaft hole, the axle sleeve of yoke plate center institute suit adopts the 35# seamless steel pipe to make, external diameter  100mm, two ends have the keyway of the dark 5mm of the long 20mm of wide 14mm respectively with the round platform of  95 * 10mm on the external cylindrical surface, one end internal diameter is  80mm, and an end is  82mm.Magnetic core adopts electrician's round steel to make, the long 198mm of diameter  70mm, and respectively with the round platform of  60 * 4mm, the center has M18mm silk hole at two ends, dark 40mm, totally 6.Locating pad is processed with the A3 steel plate, the thick 10mm of external diameter  80mm, and an end face has  60 * 4mm round platform, and the center has  18mm silk hole, totally 12 of locating pads.Coil is selected 3 layers of 5 * 9mm double glass fiber enamelled wire coileds for use, every layer 15 circle, and internal diameter  70mm is enclosed within on the magnetic core through behind the paint-dipping drying, forms to become resistance coil, totally 6.Coil head end welding copper rod passes and forms binding post outside the yoke plate, and its tail end is all used the on line short circuit together.After installing change resistance coil, 6 can be become and hinder the coil encircling axle sleeves, axially be installed between two yoke plates, locating pad is covered on the magnetic core location hole, locating pad, yoke plate and magnetic core be fastened as one with the magnetic core screw.The float electrode of centrifugal switch adopts the electrolysis copper rod to be processed into the silk rod of M10 * 55mm, weight adopts the 45# round steel to be processed into the cylindrical piece of the thick 20mm of diameter  30mm, the center has M10mm silk hole, it is the compression spring of 10～15mm that spring is selected traverse for use, initial pressure is 6kg, final pressure is 8.5kg, wiring nut and electrode hold-down nut are all selected the M10mm copper nut for use, fixed electrode adopts the electrolysis copper rod to be processed into the silk rod that an end has the M10 * 35mm of the thick 5mm disk of diameter  18mm, electrode fixedly end cap selects for use the 45# steel to be processed into the thick 17mm of external diameter  45mm, the annulus cover of internal thread hole M10mm, one end center has the circular groove of  18.5 * 7mm, around evenly having 4  10mm screw holes around the internal thread hole.The electrode insulation pad is to be processed into the annulus pad that the thick 5mm of external diameter  45mm has  19mm centre bore with insulation board, evenly has the screw hole of 4  10mm around centre bore.Electrode sleeve selects for use the 45# steel to make cylindrical shape, external diameter  45mm, and long 50mm, openend diameter of bore  30mm, the bottom has central through hole  15mm, around the bottom center hole 4 M8 * 10mm silk hole is arranged.The electrode baffle plate is made external diameter  45mm with the A3 steel plate, endoporus  26mm, and the Circular Plate of thick 3mm has 4  5mm screw holes around the endoporus.Various parts by aforementioned assembling mode assembling centrifugal switch, are adorned 6 altogether, again centrifugal switch is radial arrangement around central shaft hole on yoke plate, radially be fixed on the yoke plate.A whole set of brushless rheostatic starter has just been finished, and integral installation is on the motor rear axle then, and the yoke plate of band binding post is towards the motor far-end.Connect after the lead, can devote oneself to work.During actual motion, the motor rotation electric current is 210～220A, and the revolution electric current 220～230A of more original carbon brush slip-ring starting device motor has reduced 10A, per hour 109～114 kilowatts of power consumption, more original device per hour 114～119 kilowatts reduced by 5 kilowatts.Produced 16 hours by 2 classes of every motor every days, annual 300 working days meter, the more original device of the utility model adds up to 24000 kilowatts of annual economize on electricitys, is worth 1.4 ten thousand yuan, has exempted annual about 1.2 ten thousand yuan of electrical equipment loss, the maintenance cost of original device simultaneously.The utility model cost is lower than original starting device, changes the outfit conveniently, is suitable for popularization, and energy-saving effect is remarkable, and cost-recovering is fast, and uses manpower and material resources sparingly.

Claims (4)

1, the brushless rheostatic starter of a kind of AC induction motor, device is on motor rear axle (11), it is characterized in that it being that change resistance coil (9), centrifugal switch (3) are installed in yoke plate (1) and go up composition, become resistance coil (9) fixture between two yoke plates (1), centrifugal switch (3) partly is installed on the electrode sleeve (23) by float electrode part portion and fixed electrode to be formed, upward be radial even distribution at yoke plate (1), radially be fixed on the yoke plate (1) around central shaft hole (D).

2, according to the brushless rheostatic starter of the described AC induction motor of claim 1, it is characterized in that said change hinders coil (9) and is made up of cylinder shape magnetic core (8) suit coil (7), axial device is in the middle of two yoke plates (1), with axle sleeve (2) is that the center evenly distributes, by magnetic core screw (5) and locating pad (4) magnetic core (8) and yoke plate (1) are fixed together, coil (7) front end and binding post (6) are welded as a whole.

3, according to the brushless rheostatic starter of the described AC induction motor of claim 1, the float electrode that it is characterized in that said centrifugal switch (3) partly comprises float electrode (22), weight (25), spring (24), wiring nut (27), fixed electrode partly comprises fixed electrode (18), electrode is end cap (20) fixedly, electrode insulation pad (21), electrode hold-down nut (19), interior end disc (T) intercalation electrode of fixed electrode is the groove of end cap (20) inner face fixedly, fixedly end cap (20) outside of electrode is stretched out in fixed electrode (18) outer end, by electrode hold-down nut (19) with fixed electrode (18) and electrode fixedly end cap (20) tighten together, fixedly end cap (20) and electrode insulation pad (21) are fixed on the electrode sleeve (23) with electrode by hold-down screw (28) again, weight (25) is housed on the float electrode (22), the inner pocketed springs of float electrode (22) (24) stretches in the electrode sleeve (23), spring (24) supports weight (25) at electrode sleeve (23) openend, keep off in electrode sleeve (23) by electrode baffle plate (26), electrode baffle plate (26) outside is stretched out in float electrode (22) outer end, suit wiring nut (27), the base (Y) of electrode sleeve (23) by screw on yoke plate (1).

4, according to the brushless rheostatic starter of the described AC induction motor of claim 1, it is characterized in that said yoke plate (1) is the circular metal flat board of two identical band central shaft holes (D), parallel sleeve is contained in the two ends of axle sleeve (2), and yoke plate (1) is gone up and had magnetic core location hole and binding post (6) hole around central shaft hole (D).

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