CN221042320U - Current surge suppression circuit and power supply system - Google Patents
Current surge suppression circuit and power supply system Download PDFInfo
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- CN221042320U CN221042320U CN202321895518.7U CN202321895518U CN221042320U CN 221042320 U CN221042320 U CN 221042320U CN 202321895518 U CN202321895518 U CN 202321895518U CN 221042320 U CN221042320 U CN 221042320U
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- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of direct current power supply, and discloses a current surge suppression circuit and a power supply system, wherein the current surge suppression circuit comprises a driving controller U1, a driving end of the driving controller U1 is connected with a suppression field effect tube Q2, a grid electrode of the suppression field effect tube Q2 is connected with the driving controller U1, and meanwhile, a grid electrode of the suppression field effect tube Q2 is connected with a suppression adjustment capacitor C1, and the other end of the suppression adjustment capacitor C1 is connected with ground; the circuit has a simple structure and a good inhibition effect, can effectively protect a circuit system, has a small circuit structure size, does not need to additionally provide a power supply circuit, and can effectively reduce the manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of direct current power supply, in particular to a current surge suppression circuit and a power supply system.
Background
The input end of the direct current power supply is usually required to be provided with a filter capacitor with larger capacity, and a very large current surge can be generated at the moment of power-on starting, so that the fault phenomenon that the power supply cannot be started due to insufficient load carrying capacity of the input source is easy to occur. In particular, the dc power supply with larger power has larger current surge caused at the moment of starting, so that the design of adding the current surge suppression circuit to the power input terminal is very necessary.
At present, in the field of power supply, a current surge suppression scheme aiming at direct current input is more, and the scheme is that a current limiting resistor is connected in series to an input positive end, after the power supply is electrified, the resistor limits input current, after the voltage of a filter capacitor rises to a certain value, a relay or a field effect transistor is used for shorting the current limiting resistor, and then a signal is output to enable a main power loop to be started (fig. 1 and 2). Such a design is complex, and the time difference of each link needs to be accurately grasped, otherwise, the desired effect cannot be achieved, and even the circuit is damaged. The size of the current limiting resistor and the relay is larger, and a power supply circuit is additionally designed for the relay or the field effect transistor, so that the size requirement and the manufacturing cost of the power supply can be greatly increased. Under the current trend of miniaturization, light weight and economy, the design of the traditional scheme is very limited.
Disclosure of utility model
The utility model aims to provide the current surge suppression circuit and the power supply system, which have the advantages of simple circuit structure, good suppression effect, capability of effectively protecting a circuit system, small circuit structure size, no need of additionally arranging a power supply circuit and capability of effectively reducing the manufacturing cost.
The utility model is realized in the following way:
The current surge suppression circuit and the power supply system comprise a driving controller U1, wherein a driving end of the driving controller U1 is connected with a suppression field effect tube Q2, a grid electrode of the suppression field effect tube Q2 is connected with the driving controller U1, meanwhile, a grid electrode of the suppression field effect tube Q2 is connected with a suppression adjustment capacitor C1, and the other end of the suppression adjustment capacitor C1 is connected with the ground.
Further, the driving controller U1 is connected to a suppression protection resistor R7, and the other end of the suppression protection resistor R7 is connected to ground.
Further, the driving controller U1 is connected with a protection unit, where the protection unit includes an under-voltage protection unit, an over-current protection unit, and a peak suppression unit;
The undervoltage protection unit comprises a first voltage dividing resistor R2 and a second voltage dividing resistor R4 which are connected with an undervoltage protection end of the driving controller U1, one end of the first voltage dividing resistor R2 is connected with a power supply input positive end VIN end of the driving controller U1, the other end of the first voltage dividing resistor R2 is respectively connected with the undervoltage protection end of the driving controller U1 and one end of the second voltage dividing resistor R4 at the same time, and the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor R4 is connected with the ground;
The overvoltage protection unit comprises a third voltage dividing resistor R3 and a fourth voltage dividing resistor R5 which are connected with an overvoltage protection end of the driving controller U1, one end of the third voltage dividing resistor R3 is connected with a power supply input positive end VIN end of the driving controller U1, the other end of the third voltage dividing resistor R3 is respectively connected with the overvoltage protection end of the driving controller U1 and one end of the fourth voltage dividing resistor R5 at the same time, and the other end of the fourth voltage dividing resistor R5 is connected with the ground;
The overcurrent protection unit comprises a current sampling resistor R6, two ends of which are respectively connected with a current detection end and a power supply input positive end VIN end of the driving controller U1;
The spike suppression unit includes a transient suppression diode D1 connected between the positive voltage input terminal and the negative voltage input terminal of the drive controller U1.
Further, an under-voltage protection end of the driving controller U1 is connected with an enabling diode D2, and a cathode of the enabling diode D2 is connected with the driving controller U1.
Further, the driving controller U1 is connected with an overcurrent protection auxiliary unit, and the overcurrent protection auxiliary unit includes a period setting capacitor C2, one end of which is connected to the period setting end of the driving controller U1, and the other end of the period setting capacitor C2 is connected to the ground.
Further, the driving controller U1 is connected with an anti-reverse connection unit, the anti-reverse connection unit includes an anti-reverse connection resistor R1, one end of which is connected with the voltage input positive end of the driving controller U1, the other end of the anti-reverse connection resistor R1 is simultaneously connected with an anti-reverse connection field effect tube Q1 and a voltage stabilizing tube D3, the grid electrode of the anti-reverse connection field effect tube Q1 is connected with the anti-reverse connection resistor R1, the cathode and the anode of the voltage stabilizing tube D3 are respectively connected with the grid electrode and the source electrode of the anti-reverse connection field effect tube Q1, and the source electrode of the anti-reverse connection field effect tube Q1 is connected with the ground.
A current surge suppression power supply system includes a current surge suppression circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
In practical application, after the circuit input is electrified, the GATE end of the driving controller U1 is a driving end, the GATE end of the driving controller U1 drives the suppression field effect transistor Q2 to be turned on, the rising slope of a driving signal can be set through the suppression adjustment capacitor C1, and the longer the rising is, the smaller the surge current is; the steeper the rise, the shorter the conduction time of the inhibition field effect transistor Q2 is, the larger the surge current is, and specific parameters can be set according to the actual use environment, so that the method is flexible and convenient; the model of the driving controller U1 is preferably LTC4364, the size of the driving controller U1 is about 2mm or 3mm, the normal voltage range of the power supply end VIN of the driving controller U1 is 9V-80V, and the driving controller U1 can be directly connected to an input positive end and can adapt to most low-voltage direct current power supply systems; the circuit has a simple structure and a good inhibition effect, can effectively protect a circuit system, has a small structure size, does not need to additionally provide a power supply circuit, and can effectively reduce the manufacturing cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present utility model and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of a conventional relay control scheme;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of a conventional FET control scheme;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment circuit schematic of the current surge suppression circuit of the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the current surge suppression power supply system of the present utility model;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the current surge suppression power supply system of the present utility model;
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of still another application of the current surge suppression power supply system of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the utility model, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the utility model, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
Referring to fig. 3, the current surge suppression circuit includes a driving controller U1, a driving end of the driving controller U1 is connected with a suppression fet Q2, a gate of the suppression fet Q2 is connected with the driving controller U1, and at the same time, a gate of the suppression fet Q2 is connected with a suppression adjustment capacitor C1, and another end of the suppression adjustment capacitor C1 is connected with ground.
In practical application, after the circuit input is electrified, the GATE end of the driving controller U1 is a driving end, the GATE end of the driving controller U1 drives the suppression field effect transistor Q2 to be turned on, the rising slope of a driving signal can be set through the suppression adjustment capacitor C1, and the longer the rising is, the smaller the surge current is; the steeper the rise, the shorter the conduction time of the inhibition field effect transistor Q2 is, the larger the surge current is, and specific parameters can be set according to the actual use environment, so that the method is flexible and convenient; the model of the driving controller U1 is preferably LTC4364, the size of the driving controller U1 is about 2mm or 3mm, the normal voltage range of the power supply end VIN of the driving controller U1 is 9V-80V, and the driving controller U1 can be directly connected to an input positive end and can adapt to most low-voltage direct current power supply systems; the circuit has a simple structure and a good inhibition effect, can effectively protect a circuit system, has a small structure size, does not need to additionally provide a power supply circuit, and can effectively reduce the manufacturing cost.
Referring to fig. 3, the driving controller U1 is connected to a suppression protection resistor R7, and the other end of the suppression protection resistor R7 is connected to ground. In this embodiment, in the surge suppression process, the suppression fet Q2 is turned ON linearly, the internal resistance is reduced gradually, in this process, the suppression fet Q2 receives a large amount of power, the suppression protection resistor R7 connected to the ground at the PRM end of the driving controller U1 may limit the maximum power received by the suppression fet Q2, when the maximum power received by the suppression fet Q2 is reached, the GATE end of the driving controller U1 may automatically adjust, so that the suppression fet Q2 is not damaged, and when the driving controller U1 does not detect an abnormality, the GATE end of the driving controller U1 drives the suppression fet Q2 to be turned ON normally, and after that, the ON/OFF pin of the driving controller U1 may output a signal, allowing the subsequent circuit to be started.
Referring to fig. 3, the driving controller U1 is connected with a protection unit, where the protection unit includes an under-voltage protection unit, an over-current protection unit, and a peak suppression unit;
The undervoltage protection unit comprises a first voltage dividing resistor R2 and a second voltage dividing resistor R4 which are connected with an undervoltage protection end of the driving controller U1, one end of the first voltage dividing resistor R2 is connected with a power supply input positive end VIN end of the driving controller U1, the other end of the first voltage dividing resistor R2 is respectively connected with the undervoltage protection end of the driving controller U1 and one end of the second voltage dividing resistor R4 at the same time, and the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor R4 is connected with the ground;
The overvoltage protection unit comprises a third voltage dividing resistor R3 and a fourth voltage dividing resistor R5 which are connected with an overvoltage protection end of the driving controller U1, one end of the third voltage dividing resistor R3 is connected with a power supply input positive end VIN end of the driving controller U1, the other end of the third voltage dividing resistor R3 is respectively connected with the overvoltage protection end of the driving controller U1 and one end of the fourth voltage dividing resistor R5 at the same time, and the other end of the fourth voltage dividing resistor R5 is connected with the ground;
The overcurrent protection unit comprises a current sampling resistor R6, two ends of which are respectively connected with a current detection end and a power supply input positive end VIN end of the driving controller U1;
The spike suppression unit includes a transient suppression diode D1 connected between the positive voltage input terminal and the negative voltage input terminal of the drive controller U1.
In this embodiment, the UV end of the driving controller U1 is an under-voltage protection end, the under-voltage protection value can be set by dividing the voltage by the first voltage dividing resistor R2 and the second voltage dividing resistor R3, and when the UV end voltage of the driving controller U1 is lower than 2.5V along with the decrease of the input voltage, the GATE end of the driving controller U1 is driven to be turned off, and the field effect transistor Q2 is blocked for input, thereby realizing the under-voltage protection function;
the over voltage protection value can be set by dividing the voltage of the third voltage dividing resistor R3 and the fourth voltage dividing resistor R5, and as the input voltage increases, when the over voltage of the OV pin of the driving controller U1 is higher than 2.5V, the GATE pin of the driving controller U1 is driven to be closed, and the field effect transistor Q2 is blocked for input, so that the over voltage protection function is realized;
The SNS end of the driving controller U1 is a current detection end, the VIN end and the SNS end of the driving controller U1 respectively detect voltages at two ends of the current sampling resistor R6, the voltages at two ends of the current sampling resistor R6 rise along with the rising of input current, when the voltage value reaches 55mV, the GATE end of the driving controller U1 is driven to be closed, the input of the field effect tube Q2 is blocked, and overcurrent protection is realized;
The circuit system can generate higher peak voltage at the moment of switching or due to static electricity, when the voltage exceeds the threshold voltage of the transient suppression diode D1, the transient suppression diode D1 can absorb and discharge the peak voltage so as to ensure that the input voltage is controlled to be in a safe voltage range.
Referring to fig. 3, the under-voltage protection end of the driving controller U1 is connected with an enabling diode D2, and the cathode of the enabling diode D2 is connected with the driving controller U1. In this embodiment, the enable diode D2 is an INH end of the circuit, when the INH end of the circuit is suspended, the surge suppression circuit works normally, and when the INH of the circuit is shorted to ground, the surge suppression circuit is turned off.
Referring to fig. 3, the driving controller U1 is connected with an over-current protection auxiliary unit, and the over-current protection auxiliary unit includes a period setting capacitor C2 with one end connected to a period setting end of the driving controller U1, and the other end of the period setting capacitor C2 is connected to ground. In this embodiment, after a certain period of time passes after the overcurrent protection, the GATE end driver of the driving controller U1 may automatically restart the probe, and if the overcurrent fault is not relieved, the GATE end driver of the driving controller U1 may be turned off again until the fault is relieved, and the restart period interval time may be set by the period setting capacitor C2.
Referring to fig. 3, the driving controller U1 is connected with an anti-reverse connection unit, the anti-reverse connection unit includes an anti-reverse connection resistor R1 with one end connected to the voltage input positive end of the driving controller U1, the other end of the anti-reverse connection resistor R1 is simultaneously connected with an anti-reverse connection field effect transistor Q1 and a voltage stabilizing tube D3, the gate of the anti-reverse connection field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the anti-reverse connection resistor R1, the cathode and the anode of the voltage stabilizing tube D3 are respectively connected with the gate and the source of the anti-reverse connection field effect transistor Q1, and the source of the anti-reverse connection field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the ground. In this embodiment, the drain electrode of the anti-reverse-connection fet Q1 is the Vin-end, and when the input is normally connected, the voltage regulator D3 limits the voltage between the gate electrode and the source electrode of the anti-reverse-connection fet Q1 to 12V, so that the anti-reverse-connection fet Q1 is fully turned on, and the back-stage circuit works normally. When the input is reversely connected, the drain electrode of the anti-reverse-connection field effect tube Q1 is connected with the positive electrode, the voltage between the grid electrode and the source electrode is 0V, the anti-reverse-connection field effect tube Q1 is not conducted, and the later-stage circuit does not work.
Referring to fig. 4 to 6, the current surge suppression power supply system includes a current surge suppression circuit. In this embodiment, the current surge suppression circuit may be applied to a variety of scenarios such as DC-DC converters, EMI filters, etc., and may also be applied to inductive loads such as fans and motors, and capacitive load front ends such as large capacitors and batteries, so as to perform a load-on-load start current-limiting protection function.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model, and various modifications and variations may be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims (5)
1. The current surge suppression circuit is characterized in that: the device comprises a driving controller U1, wherein a driving end of the driving controller U1 is connected with a suppression field effect transistor Q2, a grid electrode of the suppression field effect transistor Q2 is connected with the driving controller U1, and meanwhile, a grid electrode of the suppression field effect transistor Q2 is connected with a suppression adjustment capacitor C1, and the other end of the suppression adjustment capacitor C1 is connected with the ground;
The driving controller U1 is connected with a suppression protection resistor R7, and the other end of the suppression protection resistor R7 is connected with the ground;
The driving controller U1 is connected with a protection unit, and the protection unit comprises an under-voltage protection unit, an over-current protection unit and a peak suppression unit;
The undervoltage protection unit comprises a first voltage dividing resistor R2 and a second voltage dividing resistor R4 which are connected with an undervoltage protection end of the driving controller U1, one end of the first voltage dividing resistor R2 is connected with a power supply input positive end VIN end of the driving controller U1, the other end of the first voltage dividing resistor R2 is respectively connected with the undervoltage protection end of the driving controller U1 and one end of the second voltage dividing resistor R4 at the same time, and the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor R4 is connected with the ground;
The overvoltage protection unit comprises a third voltage dividing resistor R3 and a fourth voltage dividing resistor R5 which are connected with an overvoltage protection end of the driving controller U1, one end of the third voltage dividing resistor R3 is connected with a power supply input positive end VIN end of the driving controller U1, the other end of the third voltage dividing resistor R3 is respectively connected with the overvoltage protection end of the driving controller U1 and one end of the fourth voltage dividing resistor R5 at the same time, and the other end of the fourth voltage dividing resistor R5 is connected with the ground;
The overcurrent protection unit comprises a current sampling resistor R6, two ends of which are respectively connected with a current detection end and a power supply input positive end VIN end of the driving controller U1;
The spike suppression unit includes a transient suppression diode D1 connected between the positive voltage input terminal and the negative voltage input terminal of the drive controller U1.
2. The current surge suppression circuit according to claim 1, wherein an under-voltage protection terminal of the driving controller U1 is connected with an enable diode D2, and a cathode of the enable diode D2 is connected with the driving controller U1.
3. The current surge suppression circuit according to claim 1, wherein the drive controller U1 is connected with an overcurrent protection auxiliary unit including a period setting capacitor C2 having one end connected to a period setting end of the drive controller U1, and the other end of the period setting capacitor C2 is connected to ground.
4. The current surge suppression circuit according to claim 1, wherein the driving controller U1 is connected with a reverse connection preventing unit, the reverse connection preventing unit comprises a reverse connection preventing resistor R1, one end of the reverse connection preventing resistor R1 is connected with a voltage input positive end of the driving controller U1, the other end of the reverse connection preventing resistor R1 is simultaneously connected with a reverse connection preventing field effect transistor Q1 and a voltage stabilizing tube D3, a grid electrode of the reverse connection preventing field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the reverse connection preventing resistor R1, a cathode and an anode of the voltage stabilizing tube D3 are respectively connected with a grid electrode and a source electrode of the reverse connection preventing field effect transistor Q1, and a source electrode of the reverse connection preventing field effect transistor Q1 is connected with ground.
5. A current surge suppression power supply system comprising the current surge suppression circuit of any one of claims 1-4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321895518.7U CN221042320U (en) | 2023-07-19 | 2023-07-19 | Current surge suppression circuit and power supply system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321895518.7U CN221042320U (en) | 2023-07-19 | 2023-07-19 | Current surge suppression circuit and power supply system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN221042320U true CN221042320U (en) | 2024-05-28 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321895518.7U Active CN221042320U (en) | 2023-07-19 | 2023-07-19 | Current surge suppression circuit and power supply system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN221042320U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-07-19 CN CN202321895518.7U patent/CN221042320U/en active Active
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