CN220738384U - Automatic crushing and grinding system for solid wastes - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a crushing system, and provides an automatic crushing and grinding system for solid wastes, which comprises a plurality of crushing devices, a grinding device and a screening device; the crushing devices are connected with the screening device in a two-way mode, and the screening device is connected with the grinding device. The automatic solid waste crushing and grinding system can effectively improve the crushing and grinding efficiency of the solid waste.

Description

A solid waste automatic crushing and grinding system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of crushing systems, in particular to an automatic crushing and grinding system for solid waste.

Background technique

Typical hazardous waste residues from aluminum electrolysis include overhaul residue, aluminum ash, carbon residue, etc. Since overhaul residue contains highly toxic soluble fluoride and cyanide, if not properly disposed of, it will mix with rainwater into rivers and seep into the ground to pollute surface water sources, groundwater and soil, causing great harm to the surrounding ecological environment, human health, and the growth of plants and animals. Overhaul residue from aluminum electrolytic cells belongs to Class T industrial hazardous waste. The harmless resource treatment of overhaul residue has become one of the major problems that need to be solved in the electrolytic aluminum industry. Others such as aluminum ash and carbon residue also have the same hazards.

Usually, the above solid waste cannot be directly abandoned directly, and certain means need to be adopted to treat it harmlessly, such as acid-free leaching, oxidation and decyanation, calcium salt defluorination, physical sedimentation, etc. Before performing the above operations, the materials need to be crushed and ground, mainly to improve the defluorination, deammoniation and leaching efficiency of hazardous waste residues. The above-mentioned various wastes are not in the same form (mainly size), so when crushing and grinding, most of them are treated separately. However, some solid waste treatment processes can mix them. This method of separate treatment and then mixing will undoubtedly increase a lot of workload. The reason why it is not convenient to mix and then process is mainly because it takes into account that when materials of different sizes are placed in the same crusher for crushing, not only is the efficiency low, but large particles are also easily affected by small particles, reducing the crushing efficiency.

Therefore, designing a more efficient crushing and grinding efficiency can effectively improve the treatment efficiency of solid waste.

Utility Model Content

The utility model aims to provide an automatic crushing and grinding system for solid waste, which can effectively improve the crushing and grinding efficiency of solid waste.

The embodiments of the utility model are realized through the following technical scheme: the automatic crushing and grinding system for solid waste of the utility model comprises a plurality of crushing devices, a grinding device, and a screening device; the plurality of crushing devices are bidirectionally connected to the screening device, and the screening device is connected to the grinding device.

Furthermore, the crushing device includes one or more of a jaw crusher and an impact crusher.

Furthermore, the grinding device includes a Raymond mill.

Furthermore, the screening device includes a horizontally arranged screen drum, a spiral guide plate arranged inside the screen drum, a driving device for driving the screen drum to rotate, multiple conveyor belts arranged below the screen drum, a feed pipe connected to one end of the screen drum, and multiple screen holes arranged on the side wall of the screen drum; the diameters of the multiple screen holes increase successively along the axial direction of the screen drum; the conveyor belt is connected to the crushing device and the grinding device.

Furthermore, the outer wall of the sieve drum is sleeved with a plurality of annular partitions, and the plurality of partitions are distributed along the axial direction of the sieve drum; the sieve drum and the conveyor belt are arranged alternately.

Furthermore, the screening device also includes a clearing device arranged on the upper side of the outer wall of the screen cylinder; the clearing device includes a support seat, a plurality of top rods arranged on the lower side of the support seat, a plurality of infrared detection devices arranged on the lower side of the support seat, and a driving device for driving the top rods to extend and retract; one of the infrared detection devices is arranged close to one of the top rods; and the top rod is arranged toward the screen hole.

Furthermore, the driving device includes a cylinder.

Furthermore, a discharge hopper is provided at one end of the screen cylinder away from the feed pipe, and the conveyor belt is provided below the discharge hopper.

The technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: the automatic crushing and grinding system of solid waste of the utility model, when in use, first uses a screening device to screen a large amount of mixed solid waste, classifies it into solid materials of different sizes, and then sends it to different crushing devices respectively, and sends the small particles that meet the requirements into the grinding device; after a single crushing by the crushing device, the crushed solid material is sent to the screening device for screening again, and it is classified into different sizes again, and then sent to the corresponding crushing device respectively, and the small particles that meet the requirements will eventually enter the grinding device. In this way, not only the entire system can be operated continuously, but also the size of the material entering the crushing device is relatively uniform, which can better perform the crushing operation, can effectively avoid the situation of poor crushing efficiency caused by the mixture of large particles + powder, and can also better adjust the parameters of the crushing device. And the system has a certain degree of automation, which can effectively reduce the errors caused by human judgment, can reduce the probability of large particles entering the grinding device, and can reduce the burden of the grinding device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid waste automatic crushing and grinding system provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a screening device provided by an embodiment of the present invention from one perspective;

FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a screening device from two perspectives according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a screen drum portion provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Icons: 10-screening device, 11-screen cylinder, 12-screen hole, 13-guide plate, 14-partition, 15-feed pipe, 16-discharge hopper, 17-support seat, 18-top rod, 19-conveyor belt, 20-crushing device, 30-grinding device.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiment of the utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not require further definition and explanation in the subsequent drawings.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the application is usually placed when used. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

Example

The following is further described in conjunction with specific embodiments. As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the solid waste automatic crushing and grinding system of this embodiment includes multiple crushing devices 20, grinding devices 30, and screening devices 10; the multiple crushing devices 20 are bidirectionally connected to the screening device 10, and the screening device 10 is connected to the grinding device 30. Specifically, when in use, a large amount of mixed solid waste is first screened using the screening device 10, and the solid waste is classified into solid materials of different sizes, and then sent to different crushing devices 20 respectively, and the small particles that meet the requirements are sent to the grinding device 30; after a single crushing by the crushing device 20, the crushed solid material is sent to the screening device 10 again (the screening device 10 here needs to screen finer materials, so another parameter screening device 10 can be used here, that is, the screening device 10 can be provided with multiple) for screening, and then classified into different sizes again, and then sent to the corresponding crushing device 20 respectively, and the small particles that meet the requirements will eventually enter the grinding device 30. This not only allows the entire system to operate continuously, but also makes the size of the materials entering the crushing device 20 more uniform, which can better perform the crushing operation, effectively avoid the situation where the crushing efficiency is poor due to the mixture of large particles + powder, and can also better adjust the parameters of the crushing device 20. The system has a certain degree of automation, which can effectively reduce the errors caused by human judgment, reduce the probability of large particles entering the grinding device 30, and reduce the burden of the grinding device 30.

The crushing device 20 in this embodiment includes one or more of a jaw crusher and an impact crusher. The grinding device 30 includes a Raymond mill. Specifically, the jaw crusher can be used to crush larger particles, and the impact crusher can be used to crush smaller particles. Other similar crushers and grinders can also be used according to actual conditions and needs.

The screening device 10 in this embodiment includes a horizontally arranged screen drum 11, a spiral guide plate 13 arranged inside the screen drum 11, a driving device for driving the screen drum 11 to rotate, multiple conveyor belts 19 arranged below the screen drum 11, a feed pipe 15 connected to one end of the screen drum 11, and multiple screen holes 12 arranged on the side wall of the screen drum 11; the diameters of the multiple screen holes 12 increase successively along the axis direction of the screen drum 11; the conveyor belt 19 is connected to the crushing device 20 and the grinding device 30. Specifically, the mixed material is fed into the screen drum 11 through the feed pipe 15. During the rotation of the screen drum 11, the guide plate 13 pushes the material to move along the axis direction of the screen drum 11. During the movement, the material flows out through the screen holes 12 on the screen drum 11 and enters the conveyor belt 19 below, and enters different crushing devices 20 or grinding devices 30 along the transmission belt, thereby realizing the rapid classification of materials of different sizes. Among them, the driving device mainly drives the screen drum 11 to rotate through a motor through a gear or a belt, and the feed drum does not rotate.

In this embodiment, the outer wall of the screen drum 11 is sleeved with multiple annular partitions 14, and the multiple partitions 14 are distributed along the axis direction of the screen drum 11; the screen drum 11 and the conveyor belt 19 are arranged alternately. Specifically, the partitions 14 can separate the conveyor belts 19, so that the materials can better enter the corresponding conveyor belts 19.

The screening device 10 in this embodiment also includes a dredging device arranged on the upper side of the outer wall of the sieve drum 11; the dredging device includes a support seat 17, a plurality of push rods 18 arranged on the lower side of the support seat 17, a plurality of infrared detection devices arranged on the lower side of the support seat 17, and a driving device for driving the push rod 18 to extend and retract; an infrared detection device is arranged close to a push rod 18; the push rod 18 is arranged toward the sieve hole 12. The driving device includes a cylinder. Specifically, since most materials are irregular block structures, there is a certain probability of hole blocking. When the infrared detection device detects that the sieve hole 12 is blocked by stones, the push rod 18 can be driven by the cylinder to move quickly to push the stones out of the sieve hole 12. The cylinder is used because the effect rate and action speed of the cylinder are faster, and precise movement is not required.

In this embodiment, a discharge hopper 16 is provided at one end of the screen drum 11 away from the feed pipe 15 , and a conveyor belt 19 is provided below the discharge hopper 16 .

In summary, the solid waste automatic crushing and grinding system of this embodiment, when in use, first uses the screening device 10 to screen a large amount of mixed solid waste, classifies it into solid materials of different sizes, and then sends it to different crushing devices 20 respectively, and sends the small particles that meet the requirements into the grinding device 30; after a single crushing by the crushing device 20, the crushed solid material is sent to the screening device 10 for screening again, and is classified into different sizes again, and then sent to the corresponding crushing device 20 respectively, and the small particles that meet the requirements will eventually enter the grinding device 30. In this way, not only the entire system can be operated continuously, but also the size of the material entering the crushing device 20 is relatively uniform, which can better perform the crushing operation, can effectively avoid the situation of poor crushing efficiency caused by the mixture of large particles + powder, and can also better adjust the parameters of the crushing device 20. In addition, the system has a certain degree of automation, which can effectively reduce the errors caused by human judgment, can reduce the probability of large particles entering the grinding device 30, and can reduce the burden of the grinding device 30.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A solid waste automatic crushing and grinding system, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of crushing devices (20), a grinding device (30), and a screening device (10); The plurality of crushing devices (20) are bidirectionally connected to the screening device (10), and the screening device (10) is connected to the grinding device (30). 2. The automatic crushing and grinding system for solid waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that the crushing device (20) includes one or more of a jaw crusher and an impact crusher. 3. The automatic crushing and grinding system for solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the grinding device (30) comprises a Raymond mill. 4. The solid waste automatic crushing and grinding system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the screening device (10) comprises a horizontally arranged screen drum (11), a spiral guide plate (13) arranged inside the screen drum (11), a driving device for driving the screen drum (11) to rotate, a plurality of conveyor belts (19) arranged below the screen drum (11), a feed pipe (15) connected to one end of the screen drum (11), and a plurality of screen holes (12) arranged on the side wall of the screen drum (11); The diameters of the plurality of sieve holes (12) increase sequentially along the axial direction of the sieve drum (11); the conveyor belt (19) is connected to the crushing device (20) and the grinding device (30). 5. The automatic crushing and grinding system for solid waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: the outer wall of the screen drum (11) is provided with a plurality of annular partitions (14), and the plurality of the partitions (14) are distributed along the axial direction of the screen drum (11); The screen drum (11) and the conveyor belt (19) are arranged alternately. 6. The automatic crushing and grinding system for solid waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: the screening device (10) further comprises a dredging device arranged on the upper side of the outer wall of the screen cylinder (11); The dredging device comprises a support seat (17), a plurality of push rods (18) arranged on the lower side of the support seat (17), a plurality of infrared detection devices arranged on the lower side of the support seat (17), and a driving device for driving the push rods (18) to extend and retract; one of the infrared detection devices is arranged close to one of the push rods (18); The push rod (18) is arranged toward the sieve hole (12). 7. The automatic crushing and grinding system for solid waste according to claim 6, characterized in that the driving device comprises a cylinder. 8. The automatic crushing and grinding system for solid waste according to claim 4 is characterized in that a discharge hopper (16) is provided at one end of the screen drum (11) away from the feed pipe (15), and the conveyor belt (19) is provided below the discharge hopper (16).