CN220366758U - Blast hole arrangement structure for tunneling blasting of vertical shaft large-section horsehead door - Google Patents
Blast hole arrangement structure for tunneling blasting of vertical shaft large-section horsehead door Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN220366758U CN220366758U CN202321086516.3U CN202321086516U CN220366758U CN 220366758 U CN220366758 U CN 220366758U CN 202321086516 U CN202321086516 U CN 202321086516U CN 220366758 U CN220366758 U CN 220366758U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- holes
- hole
- section
- horsehead
- layering
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 241001023788 Cyttus traversi Species 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Landscapes
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a blast hole arrangement structure for tunneling blasting of a large-section horsehead door of a vertical shaft, which is characterized in that a contour line is excavated along the horsehead door (1), and a pre-cracking hole (5) and a smooth blasting hole (8) are constructed along the contour line; the cross section of the upper layer (2) is respectively provided with a cut hole (6) and an auxiliary hole (7); auxiliary holes (7) are distributed on the cross section of the middle layering (3), and pre-cracking holes (5) and light explosion holes (8) are distributed on two sides of the middle layering (3); auxiliary holes (7) are distributed on the cross section of the lower layering (4), and pre-cracking holes (5) and light explosion holes (8) are distributed on two sides of the lower layering (4). The utility model can reduce the single-stage maximum detonation dosage in the tunneling blasting of the horsehead gate, lighten the superposition effect of blasting stress waves and the damage of explosive gas to the well wall concrete, control the shaping quality of the horsehead gate, effectively control the well wall concrete and surrounding rocks, reduce the engineering quantities of secondary brushing, supporting, guniting and the like, and reduce the tunneling construction cost of the horsehead gate with large cross section of the vertical shaft.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of vertical shaft horsehead door construction, in particular to a blast hole arrangement structure for tunneling blasting of a vertical shaft large-section horsehead door.
Background
The vertical shaft horse head door plays an important role in mine construction and production, has the characteristics of large design section, complex structural stress, concentrated stress, complex supporting structure, high construction difficulty, long service life and the like, and is key engineering and difficult engineering of the whole ventilation vertical shaft construction. At present, when a vertical shaft horsehead door is constructed by adopting a common blasting method, the well wall concrete is not pretreated in advance, the cross section of the horsehead door is not easy to control to be formed, the well wall concrete structure is easy to damage, and then the horsehead door is cracked and deformed, and the operation safety in a later shaft is influenced.
Therefore, in order to overcome the harm of the traditional blasting method to the vertical shaft horsehead door, a blast hole arrangement structure for tunneling blasting of the vertical shaft large-section horsehead door is needed to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the utility model aims to provide a blast hole arrangement structure for driving and blasting of a large-section horsehead door of a vertical shaft, which has the characteristics of preventing the horsehead door from being broken and reducing the damage of a well wall concrete structure, thereby effectively prolonging the service life of the vertical shaft and solving the problems in the large-section horsehead door driving technology of the vertical shaft.
In order to achieve the purpose, the blast hole arrangement structure for tunneling blasting of the vertical shaft large-section horsehead door adopts the following technical scheme:
dividing the horsehead door into an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer according to the cross section size of the horsehead door and the engineering geological condition; excavating a contour line along the horsehead door, and constructing a pre-cracking hole and a light explosion hole along the contour line; the upper layering and the middle layering and the lower layering are layering free surfaces; the upper layered section is respectively provided with a cut hole and an auxiliary hole; auxiliary holes are distributed on the middle layering section, and pre-cracking holes and light explosion holes are distributed on two sides of the middle layering section; auxiliary holes are distributed on the lower layering section, and pre-cracking holes and light explosion holes are distributed on two sides of the lower layering section; the pre-cracking holes are hollow holes, and the pre-cracking holes and the photo-explosion holes are distributed at intervals.
Preferably, in the upper layering, the cut holes are symmetrically distributed layer by layer along the lower part of the center line of the horsehead door from inside to outside, the inner layer is circularly distributed, and the secondary inner layer is diamond-shaped.
Preferably, 2 photo-explosion holes are arranged between two adjacent pre-cracking holes distributed along the contour line; and 3 light explosion holes are arranged between two adjacent pre-cracking holes arranged on two sides of the middle layer and the lower layer.
Preferably, the hole angles of the pre-cracking holes and the photo-explosion holes are 90 degrees, the pore diameters are 42 mm-45 mm, and the distance between two adjacent holes is 100mm; the hole depth of the pre-cracking hole and the light explosion hole is larger than the thickness of the wall concrete of the Yu Lijing horse head door.
Preferably, the hole depths of the cut holes, the auxiliary holes and the light explosion holes are 1200 mm-1500 mm, the hole diameters are 42 mm-45 mm, and the cut holes, the auxiliary holes and the light explosion holes are all arranged perpendicular to the working surface.
Preferably, the pitch of the cut holes is 400-570 mm and the pitch is 250-400 mm.
Preferably, in each layered layer, the hole pitch of the auxiliary holes is 400-570 mm, the row pitch is 250-400 mm, and the hole pitch of the photo-explosion holes is 400-570 mm.
Further, the height ranges of the upper layering, the middle layering and the lower layering are 1700-2200 mm.
According to the utility model, through the digital electronic detonator, each cut hole and auxiliary hole are detonated at intervals of Kong Weicha, and the interval time is set for 20ms; the light blasts on the contour line of the horsehead door detonate at intervals of Kong Weicha, and the interval time is set for 10ms.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the blast hole arrangement structure for tunneling blasting of the large-section horsehead door of the vertical shaft has the following positive effects:
(1) According to the blast hole arrangement structure for tunneling blasting of the large-section horsehead door of the vertical shaft, the large-section horsehead door is divided into the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer according to the sectional size of the horsehead door and the engineering geological condition, and the blast hole arrangement structure plays a positive role in simplifying construction technology and improving construction efficiency. Pre-splitting holes are constructed along the excavation contour line of the vertical shaft horsehead door, the depth of the designed holes is larger than the thickness of concrete, the hole spacing is 100mm, and the hole angles are 90 degrees; the concrete in the area to be excavated and the concrete in the well wall at the reserved place can be separated in advance through the pre-cracking hole, so that damages to the well wall concrete caused by blasting vibration, shock waves and the like are reduced.
(2) According to the utility model, by utilizing the characteristic of accurate and adjustable delay of the digital electronic detonator, the method optimizes the initiation of the cut holes and auxiliary holes arranged on the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the horsehead door at intervals of Kong Weicha, and can reduce the single-section maximum initiation dosage, thereby protecting the well wall concrete. The smooth blastholes on the contour line of the horsehead door are blasted at intervals of Kong Weicha, penetrating cracks are formed among blastholes, and the smooth blasted layer rock mass can be rapidly separated from the well wall rock mass under the auxiliary effect of blasting gas, so that the section forming quality is controlled.
The utility model is suitable for tunneling the large-section horse head gate of the vertical shaft, overcomes the damage of concrete in the reserved area of the horse head gate of the vertical shaft in the construction of the traditional blasting technology by dividing and arranging pre-splitting holes in a partition way, separating Kong Weicha intervals one by one and the like, and can obviously improve the section forming quality of the horse head gate of the vertical shaft.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the arrangement of layers and pre-cracks of the horsehead door of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a layered blasthole arrangement above a horsehead door of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a layered blasthole arrangement in a horsehead door of the present utility model;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the placement of blastholes layered under the horsehead gate of the present utility model.
In the figure: 1-horsehead door; 2-upper delamination; 3-middle layering; 4-layering downwards; 5-pre-cracking holes; 6-cutting the hole; 7-auxiliary holes; 8-light explosion hole; 9-layered free surface.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the utility model, the following describes the blast hole arrangement structure of the vertical shaft large-section horsehead door tunneling blasting in detail by combining the attached drawings.
The design section size of the horsehead door 1 is larger, and the existing 5.4m is 5.1m, 5.7m is 5.4m and the like. In order to solve the problem that the traditional blasting technology construction damages concrete in a reserved area of the horsehead door 1 and improve the molding quality of the cross section of the vertical horsehead door, the utility model provides a blast hole arrangement structure for tunneling blasting of the vertical horsehead door with large cross section, which is shown in the arrangement schematic diagram of each layering and pre-splitting holes of the horsehead door in the utility model shown in fig. 1 and is combined with fig. 2, 3 and 4, according to the cross section size of the horsehead door 1 and engineering geology, the horsehead door 1 is divided into an upper layering 2, a middle layering 3 and a lower layering 4, the height range of each layering division is 1700-2200 mm, and the perforation, slag discharge and follow-up supporting guniting operation of each layering operation face are convenient to develop; excavating a contour line along the horsehead door 1, constructing pre-cracking holes 5 and photo-explosion holes 8 along the contour line, and selecting YT-28 type gas leg rock drill for operation, wherein 2 photo-explosion holes 8 are arranged between two adjacent pre-cracking holes 5; a layering free surface 9 is arranged between the upper layering 2 and the middle layering 3 and between the middle layering 3 and the lower layering 4; the cross section of the upper layering 2 is respectively provided with a cut hole 6 and an auxiliary hole 7; the cut holes 6 are symmetrically distributed layer by layer along the lower part of the center line of the horsehead door 1 from inside to outside, the inner layer is circularly distributed, the secondary inner layer is diamond-shaped, the other two layers are respectively distributed with 6 cut holes 6, each side is respectively 3, and the upper layer 2 is constructed without a layered free surface 9, so that barrel-shaped hollow cut holes are selected. Auxiliary holes 7 are arranged on the section of the middle layering 3, pre-cracking holes 5 and photo-explosion holes 8 are arranged on two sides of the middle layering 3, and 3 photo-explosion holes 8 are arranged between two adjacent pre-cracking holes 5; auxiliary holes 7 are arranged on the cross section of the lower layer 4, pre-cracking holes 5 and photo-explosion holes 8 are arranged on two sides of the lower layer 4, and 3 photo-explosion holes 8 are arranged between two adjacent pre-cracking holes 5; the pre-cracking hole 5 is a hollow hole and is not filled with medicine; the middle layer 3 and the lower layer 4 are constructed by a layered free surface 9, and the cut holes 6 are not arranged.
The design parameters are as follows: the hole angles of the pre-cracking hole 5 and the photo-explosion hole 8 are 90 degrees, the hole spacing between two adjacent holes is 100mm, and the aperture is 42 mm-45 mm; the hole depths of the cut holes 6, the auxiliary holes 7 and the light explosion holes 8 are 1200 mm-1500 mm, the hole diameters are 42 mm-45 mm, and the cut holes 6, the auxiliary holes 7 and the light explosion holes are all arranged perpendicular to the working surface; the pitch of the cut holes 6 is 400-570 mm, and the pitch is 250-400 mm; in each layered layer, the hole pitch of the auxiliary holes 7 is 400-570 mm, the row pitch is 250-400 mm, and the hole pitch of the photo-explosion holes 8 is 400-570 mm. And the specific values of the technical parameters are correspondingly adjusted according to the actual conditions of the site.
The utility model has smaller spacing of the pre-cracking holes 5, which is similar to form a pre-crack, separates the concrete in the area to be excavated of the horsehead door 1 from the concrete in the well wall of the reserved place in advance, and can reduce the damage of the blasting operation of the upper layer 2, the middle layer 3 and the lower layer 4 to the concrete in the well wall of the reserved place of the well shaft.
By utilizing the characteristic of accurate and adjustable time delay of the digital electronic detonator, hole-by-hole differential interval detonation (interval time is initially set to 20 ms) of each layered cut hole 6 and auxiliary hole 7 can be realized, a limited compensation space can be well utilized to achieve the blasting effect, and meanwhile, the superposition effect of blasting stress waves and the damage of blasting gas to the well wall concrete are reduced.
By utilizing the characteristic of accurate and adjustable time delay of the digital electronic detonators, each light explosion hole 8 is provided with a digital electronic detonator, the peripheral light explosion holes 8 are divided into a plurality of units, hole-by-hole differential interval detonation (interval time is initially set for 10 ms) of the light explosion holes 8 is realized, penetrating cracks are formed among the blast holes, and the light explosion layer rock mass can be rapidly separated from the well wall rock mass under the auxiliary effect of explosion gas, so that the forming quality of the horsehead door 1 is controlled.
According to the blast hole arrangement structure for the vertical shaft large-section horsehead tunneling blasting, disclosed by the utility model, in order to further improve the construction efficiency of the horsehead, a blasting excavation area is divided into an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, the adverse influence of the traditional blasting technology on the construction of the horsehead is overcome, the pre-cracking holes are arranged along the excavation contour line of the horsehead, and the pre-cracking holes are similar to form a pre-crack due to smaller spacing of the pre-cracking holes, so that the concrete in the area to be excavated of the horsehead and the concrete in the well wall of the well are separated in advance, and the damage of each blasting operation to the concrete in the well wall of the well can be reduced.
According to the blast hole arrangement structure for tunneling blasting of the large-section horsehead door of the vertical shaft, provided by the utility model, the upper layered blasting parameter design, the middle layered blasting parameter design and the lower layered blasting parameter design are optimized, and by utilizing the characteristic of precisely adjustable delay of the digital electronic detonator, the initiation of the cut holes, the auxiliary holes and the photo-blasting holes at intervals of Kong Weicha (the initial interval time is 10 ms) can be realized, the single-section maximum initiation dosage can be reduced, the blasting stress wave superposition effect and the damage of blasting gas to the wall concrete can be lightened, the shaping quality of the horsehead door can be controlled, the wall concrete and surrounding rocks can be effectively controlled, the engineering quantities of secondary brushing, supporting, spraying and the like can be reduced, and the tunneling construction cost of the large-section horsehead door of the vertical shaft can be reduced.
Claims (7)
1. A big section horse head door of vertical shaft tunnelling blasting's big gun hole arrangement structure, its characterized in that: dividing the horsehead door (1) into an upper layer (2), a middle layer (3) and a lower layer (4) according to the cross section size of the horsehead door (1) and engineering geological conditions; excavating a contour line along the horsehead door (1), and constructing a pre-cracking hole (5) and a photo-explosion hole (8) along the contour line; a layering free surface (9) is arranged between the upper layering (2) and the middle layering (3) and between the middle layering (3) and the lower layering (4); the cross section of the upper layer (2) is respectively provided with a cut hole (6) and an auxiliary hole (7); auxiliary holes (7) are distributed on the cross section of the middle layering (3), and pre-cracking holes (5) and light explosion holes (8) are distributed on two sides of the middle layering (3); auxiliary holes (7) are distributed on the cross section of the lower layering (4), and pre-cracking holes (5) and light explosion holes (8) are distributed on two sides of the lower layering (4); the pre-cracking holes (5) are hollow holes, and the pre-cracking holes (5) and the photo-explosion holes (8) are distributed at intervals.
2. The blast hole arrangement structure for driving and blasting of a large-section horsehead door of a vertical shaft as in claim 1, wherein: in the upper layer (2), the cut holes (6) are symmetrically distributed layer by layer along the lower part of the center line of the horsehead door (1), the inner layer is circularly distributed, and the secondary inner layer is diamond-shaped.
3. The blast hole arrangement structure for driving and blasting of a large-section horsehead door of a vertical shaft as in claim 1, wherein: 2 photo-explosion holes (8) are arranged between two adjacent pre-cracking holes (5) distributed along the contour line; two adjacent pre-cracking holes (5) distributed on two sides of the middle layering (3) and the lower layering (4) are separated by 3 light explosion holes (8).
4. A blasthole arrangement structure for a large section horsehead door tunneling blast of a vertical shaft as in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the hole angles of the pre-cracking hole (5) and the photo-explosion hole (8) are 90 degrees, and the aperture is 42 mm-45 mm.
5. The blast hole arrangement structure for driving and blasting of the large-section horsehead door of the vertical shaft as in claim 4, wherein: the hole depths of the cut holes (6), the auxiliary holes (7) and the light explosion holes (8) are 1200 mm-1500 mm, the hole diameters are 42 mm-45 mm, and the cut holes, the auxiliary holes and the light explosion holes are all perpendicular to the working surface.
6. The blast hole arrangement structure for driving and blasting of the large-section horsehead door of the vertical shaft as in claim 5, wherein: the pitch of the cut holes (6) is 400-570 mm, and the pitch is 250-400 mm.
7. The blast hole arrangement structure for driving and blasting of the large-section horsehead door of the vertical shaft as in claim 5, wherein: in each layered layer, the hole distance of the auxiliary holes (7) is 400-570 mm, the row distance is 250-400 mm, and the hole distance of the photo-explosion holes (8) is 400-570 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321086516.3U CN220366758U (en) | 2023-05-09 | 2023-05-09 | Blast hole arrangement structure for tunneling blasting of vertical shaft large-section horsehead door |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321086516.3U CN220366758U (en) | 2023-05-09 | 2023-05-09 | Blast hole arrangement structure for tunneling blasting of vertical shaft large-section horsehead door |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220366758U true CN220366758U (en) | 2024-01-19 |
Family
ID=89518027
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321086516.3U Active CN220366758U (en) | 2023-05-09 | 2023-05-09 | Blast hole arrangement structure for tunneling blasting of vertical shaft large-section horsehead door |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220366758U (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-05-09 CN CN202321086516.3U patent/CN220366758U/en active Active
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110779403B (en) | Hole-by-hole initiation and presplitting blasting crack forming method for open deep hole step presplitting hole under complex environment | |
| CN103175451B (en) | A kind of construction method of tunnel shock-absorbing hole controlled blasting | |
| CN105333778A (en) | Medium-deep hole large-section composite cut blasting structure and method | |
| CN113390308B (en) | Composite cut blasting structure and cut method thereof | |
| CN103541734B (en) | Under wear literary composition and protect building Tunnel Blasting comprehensive shock-dampening method | |
| CN101441055A (en) | Presplit blasting method | |
| CN102519328B (en) | Stone drift driving method adopting technologies of water cutting and cut blasting | |
| CN103557758B (en) | Associating time delay subregion millisecond detonating network inside and outside excavation region hole in Tunnel Blasting | |
| CN104482816B (en) | A kind of vertical periphery segment algorithm gradient presplit blasting method and device | |
| CN112161534B (en) | One-step mining control blasting method for mine underground upward access | |
| CN103575172A (en) | Novel roadway blasting construction method | |
| CN102230768A (en) | High-efficiency inclined shaft tunneling blasting method for red clay | |
| CN110657722A (en) | Hole-by-hole initiation method for complex environment foundation pit excavation | |
| CN110332866A (en) | Single free-face combines blasthole kerf blasting method | |
| CN104807381B (en) | Method for forming cutting surface in deep hole blasting | |
| CN103557756B (en) | Pilot heading hole-specifically delayed ignition network in Tunnel Blasting | |
| CN108204775A (en) | A kind of deep-lying tunnel instant type rock burst active preventing control method | |
| CN110725685A (en) | Hydraulic fracturing combined hydraulic blasting roadway large-footage tunneling method and fracturing device | |
| CN110196002B (en) | Safe and efficient blasting construction method for vertical shaft wall beam nest | |
| CN105043176A (en) | Multi-level small-wedge-shaped cuthole blasting vibration reduction method | |
| CN220366758U (en) | Blast hole arrangement structure for tunneling blasting of vertical shaft large-section horsehead door | |
| CN102607343B (en) | Tunnel blasting excavation method | |
| CN104790950B (en) | Optimized mining middle-deep blasthole millisecond blasting slot cutting method | |
| CN110657723A (en) | Smooth blasting method for hole-by-hole initiation in complex environment | |
| CN112945035B (en) | Construction method for pre-splitting blasting excavation of middle and lower layers of diversion tunnel |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |