CN219960390U - Driving circuit of switching tube and vehicle - Google Patents
Driving circuit of switching tube and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN219960390U CN219960390U CN202321367798.4U CN202321367798U CN219960390U CN 219960390 U CN219960390 U CN 219960390U CN 202321367798 U CN202321367798 U CN 202321367798U CN 219960390 U CN219960390 U CN 219960390U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a driving circuit of a switching tube and a vehicle, comprising: the driving assembly comprises a driving output end, a first power input end and a first grounding end; the first end of the switch component is connected with the driving output end, and the second end of the switch component is connected with the power component; the voltage stabilizing component comprises a voltage stabilizing control unit and a first capacitor, wherein the voltage stabilizing control unit comprises a second power input end, a power output end and a second grounding end, the second power input end is connected with the first power input end, the power output end is connected with a third end of the switch component, the second grounding end is connected with the first grounding end, one end of the first capacitor is connected with the power output end, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the second grounding end, so that the switch component is turned on and off when the voltage stabilizing component outputs voltage meeting corresponding preset conditions. Therefore, the problems that the current voltage-stabilizing diode is prone to unstable voltage, high in power consumption and the like are solved, and low-loss driving and stable driving voltage of the circuit are guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of switching power supplies, in particular to a driving circuit of a switching tube and a vehicle.
Background
For power switching tubes, such as N-type MOSFETs (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), a driving circuit is generally required to turn on and off the power switching tube, a driving signal is connected to a gate and a source of the N-type MOSFET through a driving resistor, when voltages of the gate and the source reach or exceed their turn-on voltages, the MOSFET is turned on, and when the applied voltages are lower than the turn-on voltages, the switching tube is turned off. Normally, the on voltage of the N-type MOSFET is a positive value and is unchanged, but the N-type MOSFET can produce aging phenomena when operated for a long time or in a severe environment, so that the gate on voltage of the N-type MOSFET is significantly reduced, even approaches to zero voltage, at this time, the zero drive off voltage cannot reliably turn off the N-type MOSFET, and a slight drive voltage disturbance can cause the N-type MOSFET to be turned on by mistake, or the N-type MOSFET cannot be turned off completely, so that circuit faults occur.
In the related art, patent [ cn2016622074. X ] proposes a driving circuit of a switching tube, comprising: the device comprises a driving chip, an N-type switching tube and a voltage stabilizing module; the driving chip is provided with a driving output end, a power input end and a first grounding end; the voltage stabilizing module is provided with a voltage stabilizing input end, a voltage stabilizing output end and a second grounding end; the driving output end of the driving chip is connected with the grid electrode of the N-type switching tube, the drain electrode of the N-type switching tube is connected with the direct current power supply, the source electrode of the N-type switching tube is connected with the voltage-stabilizing output end of the voltage-stabilizing module, and the voltage-stabilizing input end of the voltage-stabilizing module and the power input end of the driving chip are both connected with the driving power supply; the second grounding end of the voltage stabilizing module is connected with the first grounding end of the driving chip. By adding the voltage stabilizing circuit on the traditional driving circuit, voltage clamping is realized by utilizing the voltage stabilizing diode, the potential of the source electrode of the N-type MOSFET is raised, as shown in fig. 1, the point A is externally connected with a power supply VCC, so that the voltage stabilizing diode Z is reversely broken down, the point B is clamped to be positive potential, and when the driving voltage is zero level, the voltage applied to the grid electrode and the source electrode of the N-type MOSFET is negative voltage, thereby realizing the reliable turn-off of the negative voltage of the N-type MOSFET.
However, this solution has at least two problems: firstly, clamp potentials of voltage-stabilizing diodes with different types are inconsistent, and the clamp potentials are offset due to the ambient temperature, so that the amplitude of a driving voltage is unstable, and the driving is possibly out of control; secondly, the zener diode which is continuously in a working state has higher power consumption, and is not suitable for application environments with requirements on power consumption. How to realize the function of single power supply driving negative pressure turn-off switch tube and simultaneously ensure the stability of low-loss driving and driving voltage is needed to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a driving circuit of a switching tube, which is used for solving the problems of unstable voltage, out-of-control driving, higher power consumption, limited application environment and the like caused by inconsistent clamp potential or offset of a current voltage-stabilizing diode in the prior art; the second object is to provide a vehicle.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
a drive circuit of a switching tube, comprising: a driving component, a voltage stabilizing component and a switch component, wherein,
the driving assembly comprises a driving output end, a first power input end and a first grounding end;
the first end of the switch component is connected with the driving output end, and the second end of the switch component is connected with the power component;
the voltage stabilizing component comprises a voltage stabilizing control unit and a first capacitor, wherein the voltage stabilizing control unit comprises a second power input end, a power output end and a second grounding end, the second power input end is connected with the first power input end, the power output end is connected with a third end of the switch component, the second grounding end is connected with the first grounding end, one end of the first capacitor is connected with the power output end, the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the second grounding end, so that the switch component is conducted when the voltage stabilizing component outputs to meet preset stable condition voltage, and the switch component is disconnected when the voltage stabilizing component outputs to meet preset low-level condition voltage.
According to the technical means, the voltage stabilizing component can output more stable and accurate voltage and is loaded at one end of the switch component, so that the driving voltage of the driving component loaded on the switch component is more stable and accurate, the switch component can be ensured to be more reliably turned on and off, and the reliability of the whole circuit is improved; the circuit provided by the utility model has the advantages of simple structure and small circuit loss, can avoid the problem of circuit failure caused by excessive heating, and has stronger stability and safety.
Further, the switch component is an N-type switch tube, wherein,
the first end of the switch component is the grid electrode of the N-type switch tube, the second end of the switch component is the drain electrode of the N-type switch tube, and the third end of the switch component is the source electrode of the N-type switch tube.
According to the technical means, the N-type switching tube selected by the switching assembly has the advantages of high input impedance, low output impedance, low noise, high gain and the like, wherein the grid electrode is a part for controlling the on-off of the switching tube, the drain electrode is the output end of the switching tube, the source electrode is the input end of the switching tube, and the three poles are matched with each other to realize the control of the switching tube.
Further, the switch assembly further comprises:
and one end of the equivalent resistor is connected with the drain electrode of the N-type switching tube, and the other end of the equivalent resistor is connected with the power supply component.
According to the technical means, the equivalent resistor is arranged and connected with the drain electrode of the N-type switching tube and the quality inspection of the power supply component, so that the N-type switching tube plays a role in current limiting protection when being conducted, and the safety of the whole circuit is improved.
Further, the switch assembly further comprises:
and one end of the driving resistor is connected with the driving output end, and the other end of the driving resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the N-type switching tube.
According to the technical means, the driving resistor is arranged and connected with the driving output end and the grid electrode quality inspection of the N-type switching tube, so that grid electrode oscillation caused by driving pulse can be restrained, and the on-off speed of the N-type switching tube can be changed.
Further, the N-type switch tube is one of an N-type field effect tube, an N-type bipolar transistor and an N-type thyristor.
According to the technical means, the type of the N-type switching tube used in the utility model can be selected in various ways so as to meet more circuit requirements.
Further, the driving circuit of the switching tube further includes:
and one end of the second capacitor is connected with the first power input end, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected with the first grounding end.
According to the technical means, the second capacitor is arranged and connected between the first power input end and the first grounding end, and can serve as a filter capacitor of the first power input end and an input capacitor of the voltage stabilizing component to play roles in filtering and energy storage.
Further, the power supply component is a direct current power supply.
According to the technical means, the direct-current power supply is adopted, so that the power loss of the circuit is smaller, and the circuit is easy to turn off when the power is on.
Further, the driving circuit of the switching tube further includes:
the temperature detection assembly is connected with the switch assembly and detects real-time temperature of the switch assembly.
According to the technical means, the temperature detection assembly is arranged, so that the temperature of the switch assembly can be monitored in real time, and the circuit safety is ensured.
Further, the driving circuit of the switching tube further includes:
the alarm assembly is connected with the temperature detection assembly, and the alarm assembly carries out high-temperature alarm when the real-time temperature is higher than the preset temperature.
According to the technical means, the alarm assembly is arranged, so that the temperature abnormality of the switch assembly (namely when the real-time temperature of the switch assembly exceeds the preset temperature) can be alarmed, and a person in the related art is reminded to cut off the circuit in time, so that the circuit safety is guaranteed.
A vehicle comprises the driving circuit of the switch tube.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The voltage stabilizing component outputs more stable and accurate voltage, and the voltage is loaded on the source electrode of the N-type switching tube, so that the driving voltage of the driving component loaded between the grid electrode and the source electrode of the N-type switching tube is more stable and accurate, the N-type switching tube can be ensured to be more reliably turned on and off, and the reliability of the whole circuit is improved;
(2) The driving circuit of the switching tube has the advantages of simple structure and small circuit loss, can not cause circuit failure due to excessive heating, and has stronger stability and safety.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a driving circuit with a negative-voltage turn-off switch tube driven by a single power supply according to the prior art according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a driving circuit of a switching tube according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a driving circuit of a switching tube according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
The driving circuit of the 10-switching tube, the 100-driving component, the 200-voltage stabilizing component, the 300-switching component, the 101-output end, the 102-first power input end, the 103-first grounding end, the 201-voltage stabilizing control unit, the 202-first capacitor, the 2011-second power input end, the 2012-power output end and the 2013-second grounding end.
Detailed Description
Further advantages and effects of the present utility model will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, by referring to the accompanying drawings and the preferred embodiments. The utility model may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present utility model. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are presented by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation.
It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic concept of the present utility model by way of illustration, and only the components related to the present utility model are shown in the drawings and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
Specifically, fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a driving circuit of a switching tube according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 2, the driving circuit 10 of the switching tube includes: a driving assembly 100, a voltage stabilizing assembly 200 and a switching assembly 300.
Wherein the driving assembly 100 includes a driving output terminal 101, a first power input terminal 102, and a first ground terminal 103; a first end of the switch assembly 300 is connected to the drive output 101, and a second end of the switch assembly 300 is connected to the power assembly; the voltage stabilizing component 200 includes a voltage stabilizing control unit 201 and a first capacitor 202, where the voltage stabilizing control unit 201 includes a second power input 2011, a power output 2012 and a second ground 2013, the second power input 2011 is connected to the first power input 102, the power output 2012 is connected to the third end of the switch component 300, the second ground 2013 is connected to the first ground 103, one end of the first capacitor 202 is connected to the power output 2012, and the other end of the first capacitor 202 is connected to the second ground 2013, so that the switch component 300 is turned on when the voltage stabilizing component 200 outputs a voltage meeting a preset stable condition voltage, and the switch component 300 is turned off when the voltage stabilizing component 200 outputs a voltage meeting a preset low level condition voltage.
In addition, in some embodiments, the driving circuit 10 of the switching tube further includes: and one end of the second capacitor is connected with the first power input end 102, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected with the first grounding end 103.
Wherein in some embodiments, the power component is a dc power supply.
In some embodiments, the switch element 300 is an N-type switch tube, the first end of the switch element 300 is a gate of the N-type switch tube, the second end of the switch element 300 is a drain of the N-type switch tube, and the third end of the switch element 300 is a source of the N-type switch tube.
Further, in some embodiments, the switch assembly 300 further comprises: the device comprises an equivalent resistor and a driving resistor, wherein one end of the equivalent resistor is connected with the drain electrode of an N-type switching tube, and the other end of the equivalent resistor is connected with a power supply component; one end of the driving resistor is connected with the driving output end 101, and the other end of the driving resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the N-type switching tube.
Further, in some embodiments, the N-type switching transistor is one of an N-type field effect transistor, an N-type bipolar transistor, and an N-type thyristor.
It will be appreciated that the N-type switching transistor in this embodiment may be selected from N-type field effect transistors, N-type bipolar transistors, and N-type thyristors, which are not specifically limited herein.
Specifically, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a driving circuit of a switching tube according to an embodiment of the present utility model, and as shown in fig. 3, the driving circuit mainly includes a driving component 100 (i.e., a driving chip), a voltage stabilizing component 200 (i.e., a voltage stabilizing chip), and a switching component 300 (i.e., an N-type switching tube), wherein the driving component 100 includes a driving output terminal 101 (i.e., a DRIVE shown in fig. 3), a first power input terminal 102 (i.e., a VCC shown in fig. 3) 1 ) And a first ground 103 (i.e., COM shown in fig. 3); the voltage stabilizing assembly 200 includes a voltage stabilizing control unit 201 and a first capacitor 202 (i.e., C shown in fig. 3 1 ) Wherein the voltage stabilizing control unit 201 includes a second power input terminal 2011 (i.e. Vin shown in fig. 3), and a power inputAn output 2012 (i.e., vout shown in fig. 3) and a second ground 2013 (i.e., GND shown in fig. 3). Wherein the driving output 101 passes through the driving resistor R 2 Connected to a first terminal of the switching element 300 (i.e., the gate G of the N-type switching transistor), the first power input terminal 102 is connected to an external power supply element (i.e., VCC shown in FIG. 3 2 ) A second power input 2011 and one end of a second capacitor (i.e., C shown in FIG. 3 2 The anode of (a) the first ground terminal 103 is connected to the second ground terminal 2013 and the other end of the second capacitor (i.e., C shown in FIG. 3) 2 Cathode) and one end of the first capacitor 202 (i.e., C shown in fig. 3 1 A cathode of (C) of fig. 3) is connected to the other end of the first capacitor 202 at a power supply output 2012 (i.e., C of fig. 3) 1 A third terminal of the switching element 300 (i.e., the source S of the N-type switching tube shown in FIG. 3), and a second terminal of the switching element 300 (i.e., the drain D of the N-type switching tube shown in FIG. 3) through an equivalent resistor R 1 Connected to a dc power source (i.e., VDC as shown in fig. 3).
The equivalent resistance R 1 The current limiting protection function is realized when the N-type switching tube is conducted; the driving resistor R2 is connected between the driving output end 101 and the grid electrode of the N-type switching tube, so that grid oscillation caused by driving pulse can be restrained, and the on-off speed of the switching assembly 300 can be changed; first capacitor 202 (i.e., capacitor C 1 ) As an output capacitor of the voltage stabilizing component 200, the output capacitor is connected between the power output end 2012 and the second grounding end 2013, and mainly plays roles of filtering and energy storage; second capacitor C 2 The filter capacitor as the first power input terminal 102 and the input capacitor of the voltage stabilizing component 200 are connected to the external power VCC 2 And the first grounding terminal 103, which is mainly used for filtering and energy storage.
In addition, in some embodiments, the driving circuit 10 of the switching tube further includes: the temperature detection assembly is connected with the switch assembly 300 and is used for detecting the real-time temperature of the switch assembly 300; the alarm assembly is connected with the temperature detection assembly, and the alarm assembly carries out high-temperature alarm when the real-time temperature is higher than the preset temperature.
The preset temperature may be a temperature preset by a person skilled in the art, may be a temperature obtained through limited experiments, or may be a temperature obtained through limited computer simulation, which is not particularly limited herein.
It can be understood that, in order to ensure the safety of the switching tube driving circuit 10, the embodiment of the utility model is further provided with a temperature detection component and an alarm component, wherein the temperature detection component can be a resistance type temperature detector, a thermocouple, etc., and the alarm component can be an LED lamp, a buzzer, etc., so that when the temperature detection component detects that the real-time temperature of the switching component 300 exceeds the preset temperature, the alarm component can carry out optical and acoustic reminding to cut off the circuit in time.
In order to facilitate a person skilled in the art to further understand the driving circuit of the switching tube according to the embodiments of the present utility model, the following further describes the efficacy of the driving circuit.
Specifically, the gate G of the N-type switching transistor may generate strong oscillation under the excitation of the driving pulse of the driving component 200, and the driving resistor R 2 Can suppress gate oscillation and simultaneously drive the resistor R 2 The on-off speed of the N-type switching tube can be influenced, namely, the larger R2 is, the slower the on-off speed of the N-type switching tube is, the larger the switching loss is, and otherwise, R is 2 The smaller the N-type switching tube is, the faster the switching speed is, and the smaller the switching loss is.
It can be understood that if the driving resistor R2 is too small, the on-off speed of the N-type switching tube will be too fast, so that the change rate of the voltage and current at the two ends of the grid and the source of the N-type switching tube will be greatly improved, thereby generating larger interference to the circuit, and the whole circuit will not work when serious, therefore, when the driving resistor R is selected 2 The present utility model is not limited to the specific case, and may be set according to the specific case.
In this embodiment, to achieve the voltage stabilizing effect, the external power supply VCC is driven 2 During normal power supply, the second capacitor C is used as the input capacitor of the voltage stabilizing component 200 2 Starting to charge, the voltage stabilizing assembly 200 starts to work normally, and the power output terminal 2012 is the output capacitor C 1 I.e., the first capacitor 202 is charged, when the first capacitor 202,After the second capacitor and the voltage stabilizing assembly 200 reach a steady state, the power output 2012 stabilizes the output voltage V 1 So that the source voltage of the N-type switch tube is stabilized at V 1 。
Therefore, the voltage stabilizing component 200 outputs a stable voltage, the stable voltage is loaded on the source electrode of the N-type switching tube, when the driving component 100 outputs a high level of a driving signal, the grid voltage of the N-type switching tube is continuously increased until the grid source voltage of the N-type switching tube reaches a conducting voltage (namely, the output voltage of the voltage stabilizing component 200 meets a preset stable condition), and the switching component can be conducted; when the driving component 100 outputs a low driving signal level, the gate voltage of the N-type switch tube is pulled to zero level, and the gate-source voltage is a negative voltage (i.e., -V 1 ) When (i.e., the output voltage of the voltage stabilizing component 200 meets the preset low level condition), the switching component 300 is turned off. In the embodiment of the utility model, the voltage stabilizing component 200 has stable output voltage, no offset and very small power consumption in continuous operation, and the utility model can ensure the stability of low-loss driving and driving voltage while realizing the function of driving the negative-pressure turn-off switching tube by a single power supply.
According to an embodiment of the present utility model, a driving circuit for a switching tube includes: the device comprises a driving assembly, a voltage stabilizing assembly and a switch assembly, wherein the driving assembly comprises a driving output end, a first power input end and a first grounding end; the first end of the switch component is connected with the driving output end, and the second end of the switch component is connected with the power component; the voltage stabilizing component comprises a voltage stabilizing control unit and a first capacitor, wherein the voltage stabilizing control unit comprises a second power input end, a power output end and a second grounding end, the second power input end is connected with the first power input end, the power output end is connected with a third end of the switch component, the second grounding end is connected with the first grounding end, one end of the first capacitor is connected with the power output end, the second grounding end of the other end of the first capacitor is connected, so that the switch component is conducted when the voltage stabilizing component outputs to meet preset stable condition voltage, and the switch component is disconnected when the voltage stabilizing component outputs to meet preset low-level condition voltage. Therefore, the problems of unstable voltage, out-of-control driving, high power consumption, limited application environment and the like caused by inconsistent clamp potential or offset of the current voltage-stabilizing diode are solved, and the stability of low-loss driving and driving voltage can be ensured while the function of single-power-supply-driven negative-pressure turn-off of the switching tube is realized.
In addition, the embodiment of the utility model also provides a vehicle which comprises the driving circuit of the switching tube in the embodiment of fig. 2.
According to the vehicle provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the problems of unstable voltage, out-of-control driving, high power consumption, limited application environment and the like caused by inconsistent clamp potential or offset of the current voltage-stabilizing diode are solved through the driving circuit of the switching tube, and the stability of low-loss driving and driving voltage can be ensured while the function of single-power-supply driving negative-pressure switching-off of the switching tube is realized.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully explaining the present utility model, and the scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art based on the present utility model, and are intended to be within the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. A driving circuit of a switching tube, comprising: a driving component, a voltage stabilizing component and a switch component, wherein,
the driving assembly comprises a driving output end, a first power input end and a first grounding end;
the first end of the switch component is connected with the driving output end, and the second end of the switch component is connected with the power component;
the voltage stabilizing component comprises a voltage stabilizing control unit and a first capacitor, wherein the voltage stabilizing control unit comprises a second power input end, a power output end and a second grounding end, the second power input end is connected with the first power input end, the power output end is connected with a third end of the switch component, the second grounding end is connected with the first grounding end, one end of the first capacitor is connected with the power output end, the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the second grounding end, so that the switch component is conducted when the voltage stabilizing component outputs to meet preset stable condition voltage, and the switch component is disconnected when the voltage stabilizing component outputs to meet preset low-level condition voltage.
2. The switching tube driving circuit according to claim 1, wherein the switching element is an N-type switching tube, wherein,
the first end of the switch component is the grid electrode of the N-type switch tube, the second end of the switch component is the drain electrode of the N-type switch tube, and the third end of the switch component is the source electrode of the N-type switch tube.
3. The switching tube driving circuit according to claim 2, wherein the switching assembly further comprises:
and one end of the equivalent resistor is connected with the drain electrode of the N-type switching tube, and the other end of the equivalent resistor is connected with the power supply component.
4. A switching tube driving circuit according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the switching assembly further comprises:
and one end of the driving resistor is connected with the driving output end, and the other end of the driving resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the N-type switching tube.
5. The switching tube driving circuit according to claim 4, wherein the N-type switching tube is one of an N-type field effect tube, an N-type bipolar transistor and an N-type thyristor.
6. The drive circuit of a switching tube according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
and one end of the second capacitor is connected with the first power input end, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected with the first grounding end.
7. The switching tube driving circuit according to claim 1, wherein the power supply component is a direct current power supply.
8. The switching tube driving circuit according to claim 2, further comprising:
the temperature detection assembly is connected with the switch assembly and detects real-time temperature of the switch assembly.
9. The switching tube driving circuit according to claim 8, further comprising:
the alarm assembly is connected with the temperature detection assembly, and the alarm assembly carries out high-temperature alarm when the real-time temperature is higher than the preset temperature.
10. A vehicle, characterized by comprising: a driving circuit of a switching tube according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321367798.4U CN219960390U (en) | 2023-05-31 | 2023-05-31 | Driving circuit of switching tube and vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321367798.4U CN219960390U (en) | 2023-05-31 | 2023-05-31 | Driving circuit of switching tube and vehicle |
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| CN219960390U true CN219960390U (en) | 2023-11-03 |
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| CN202321367798.4U Active CN219960390U (en) | 2023-05-31 | 2023-05-31 | Driving circuit of switching tube and vehicle |
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