CN219063169U - Lighting device - Google Patents

Abstract

A lighting fixture (100) is provided with: a plurality of LED modules (132); a substrate (131) on which a plurality of LED modules (132) are arranged on a first surface (131 a); a power supply unit (150) electrically connected to the substrate (131) and configured to supply power to the plurality of LED modules (132); and an appliance body (110) which accommodates the plurality of LED modules (132), the substrate (131), and the power supply unit (150). An opening (113) into which the adapter (10) is inserted is formed in the device body (110), and the adapter (10) supplies external input power to the power supply unit (150). The power supply unit (150) is disposed in a ring shape with respect to the substrate (131). The plurality of LED modules (132) are disposed on the inner and outer peripheral sides with respect to the annular power supply unit (150).

Description

Lighting device

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to lighting fixtures.

Background

Conventionally, a lighting device is known as a ceiling lamp disposed on a ceiling. For example, the conventional lighting device described in patent document 1 includes: a main body part forming a circular opening at a central part; a light emitting module mounted on the main body and having a ring-shaped substrate and a plurality of light emitting elements arranged on a front surface of the substrate; and a power supply circuit disposed inside the annular substrate and configured to supply power to the plurality of light emitting elements.

Prior art literature

Patent literature

Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open No. 2020-053111

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the utility model

However, in the lighting device of patent document 1, since the plurality of light emitting elements are arranged along the annular substrate, even if the plurality of light emitting elements are lighted, a portion corresponding to the opening formed at the central portion of the main body portion is likely to be darkened. Therefore, when the light-emitting surface of the lighting device is observed, the central portion appears dark and the periphery thereof is bright, so that the light-emitting surface does not uniformly illuminate, and a problem of uneven brightness occurs.

Therefore, in the present disclosure, a lighting fixture capable of uniformly lighting a light emitting surface of the lighting fixture as compared with the conventional one is provided.

Means for solving the problems

A lighting device according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes: a plurality of light sources; a substrate on which the plurality of light sources are arranged on a first surface; a power supply unit electrically connected to the substrate and configured to supply power to the plurality of light sources; and a housing that accommodates the plurality of light sources, the substrate, and the power supply unit, wherein an insertion hole into which the power supply unit is inserted is formed in the housing, the power supply unit supplies input power from outside to the power supply unit, the power supply unit is disposed in a ring shape with respect to the substrate, and the plurality of light sources are disposed on an inner peripheral side and an outer peripheral side with respect to the ring-shaped power supply unit.

Effects of the utility model

The lighting device can enable the luminous surface of the lighting device to lighten evenly than the prior lighting device.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a lighting device including a lighting fixture and an adapter and a hook-and-loop type suction base according to an embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the lighting device of fig. 1 along line II-II.

Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing a lighting device according to an embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a plan view showing a light emitting module of a lighting fixture in an embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the light emitting module of fig. 4 along line V-V.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the light emitting module of line VI-VI of fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a block diagram of a lighting fixture according to an embodiment in which a plurality of LED modules are connected in series.

Fig. 8 is a block diagram in the case where a plurality of 1 st LED modules among a plurality of LED modules and another plurality of 2 nd LED modules are connected in parallel.

Fig. 9 is another block diagram in the case where a plurality of 1 st LED modules among a plurality of LED modules and another plurality of 2 nd LED modules are connected in parallel.

Detailed Description

The embodiments described below are all inclusive and specific examples. The numerical values, shapes, materials, components, arrangement positions and connection forms of the components, steps, order of steps, and the like shown in the following embodiments are examples, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Among the constituent elements of the following embodiments, constituent elements not described in the independent claims are described as arbitrary constituent elements.

The drawings are schematic and are not necessarily strictly illustrated. In each drawing, the same constituent members are given the same reference numerals. In the following embodiments, the expressions such as substantially parallel are used. For example, substantially parallel refers not only to perfectly parallel, but also to substantially parallel, i.e. including errors of the order of a few percent, for example. Further, substantially parallel means parallel within a range that can exert the effects of the present disclosure. The same applies to other uses of "rough".

In the following description, the vertical direction of the lighting device is referred to as the Z-axis direction, and the predetermined direction is referred to as the Y-axis direction. Directions perpendicular to the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction are referred to as X-axis directions. The vertical upper direction in the Z-axis direction is referred to as the positive Z-axis direction, and the opposite direction is referred to as the negative Z-axis direction. The same applies also after fig. 2.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described specifically with reference to the drawings.

(embodiment)

< Structure >

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a lighting device 1 and a hook-and-loop type suction cup 3 having a lighting fixture 100 and an adapter 10 according to an embodiment. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the lighting device 1 of fig. 1 along line II-II.

As shown in fig. 1, the lighting device 1 is fixed to a ceiling, a wall, or the like, and can illuminate a fixed surrounding space. The lighting device 1 is, for example, a ceiling lamp, a base light (base light), or the like. Specifically, the lighting device 1 is fixed to the hook-and-loop type suction seat 3 in a state of being electrically and mechanically connected to the hook-and-loop type suction seat 3 disposed on the ceiling.

Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the lighting fixture 100 according to the embodiment.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the lighting device 1 includes a lighting fixture 100 and an adapter 10.

< Lighting fixture 100>

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the lighting fixture 100 includes a fixture body 110 that houses a light emitting module 130, a holder 120 to which the adapter 10 is detachably attached, the light emitting module 130, a diffusion cover 140, and a power supply unit 150. In the present embodiment, the lighting fixture 100 is a bottomed cylindrical fixture which is circular in plan view (viewed in the Z-axis direction) and flat in the Z-axis direction.

[ appliance body 110]

The device main body 110 is made of, for example, metal or resin containing aluminum, iron, or the like as a main component, and constitutes a housing for housing the holder 120, the light emitting module 130, the power supply unit 150, and the like. The device main body 110 functions as a heat radiating portion that radiates heat generated from the light emitting module 130 and the power supply portion 150. The instrument body 110 is an example of a case.

Further, the instrument main body 110 includes: a container-shaped housing portion 111 that houses the holder 120, the power supply portion 150, and the like, and has an end edge opening on the negative Z-axis side; and a flange 112 having a flange shape extending from an end edge of the housing 111 on the negative Z-axis side in the radial direction of the central axis O of the lighting fixture 100.

The housing portion 111 is a container having a circular shape in a plan view. An opening 113 for fixing the holder 120 is formed in the central portion of the housing 111. The opening 113 is an insertion hole into which the adapter 10 is inserted, and the adapter 10 supplies input power such as commercial power from the outside to the power supply unit 150. The holder 120 covering the opening 113 of the housing 111 is fixed to the opening 113 by a fixing member such as a screw, and is inserted into the adapter 10. The opening 113 is an example of an insertion hole.

The flange 112 is annular and extends in the radial direction of the housing portion 111 from the end edge on the negative Z-axis side of the housing portion 111. The light emitting module 130 is fixed to the surface of the flange 112 on the negative Z-axis side by a fixing member such as a screw. The diffusion cover 140 is fixed to the outer peripheral edge of the flange 112 so as to cover the light emitting module 130.

[ retainer 120]

The holder 120 is a bottomed cylindrical housing body which houses the adapter 10 and is flat in the Z-axis direction. The holder 120 has a circular shape in a plan view. The holder 120 is formed of, for example, a resin material having insulation properties.

The holder 120 has a cylindrical outer peripheral wall portion 121 formed with an insertion opening 122a that opens an end on the positive Z-axis side, a bottom portion 122 that closes an end on the negative Z-axis side of the outer peripheral wall portion 121, a first power supply terminal 123a, and a second power supply terminal 123b.

The outer peripheral wall 121 is fixed to the housing 111 of the instrument main body 110 so that the central axis O of the outer peripheral wall 121 substantially coincides with the central axis O of the adapter 10. Specifically, the outer peripheral wall 121 has a flange-like fixing piece 121a extending from the end edge on the positive Z-axis side in the radial direction. The fixing piece 121a is fixed by a fixing member such as a screw in a state where the outer peripheral wall portion 121 is inserted into the opening 113 of the housing portion 111 so that the central axis O of the outer peripheral wall portion 121 substantially coincides with the central axis O of the opening 113 of the housing portion 111.

The outer peripheral wall portion 121 has a locked portion 122b that protrudes from an end edge on the Z-axis forward direction side toward the inner peripheral side, that is, so as to reduce the opening area of the insertion opening 122a of the outer peripheral wall portion 121.

The engaged portion 122b abuts against the fixing portion 35 of the locking main body 33 of each of the first locking portion 31 and the second locking portion 32 in the first state in which the lighting fixture 100 is fixed to the adapter 10 in the normal state. More specifically, in the first state, the contact surface 122b1 of the engaged portion 122b, which is a surface on the negative Z-axis direction side (surface facing the fixing portion 35), contacts the first contact surface 35a of the fixing portion 35.

In the second state in which the lighting fixture 100 is temporarily fixed to the adapter 10, the engaged portion 122b abuts against the temporary fixing portion 36 of the engagement main body 33 of each of the first engagement portion 31 and the second engagement portion 32. More specifically, in the second state, the contact surface 122b1 of the engaged portion 122b, which is a surface on the negative Z-axis direction side (surface facing the temporary fixing portion 36), contacts or faces the second contact surface 36a of the temporary fixing portion 36.

Further, a first convex portion 124 is formed on the surface of the locked portion 122b on the Z-axis positive direction side. When the holder 120 (the lighting fixture 100) is rotated relative to the adapter 10 in the circumferential direction around the central axis O, the first protrusion 124 engages with the second protrusion 21e of the adapter 10, and the state of the adapter 10 fixed to the lighting fixture 100 is changed to the temporarily fixed state.

The first convex portion 124 is a convex structure that generates a force to push down the lighting fixture 100 in the negative Z-axis direction via the holder 120. More specifically, the first convex portion 124 is a convex structure having a substantially triangular shape in front view, but is not limited thereto. For example, the second convex portion 21e of the holder 120 that rotates around the central axis O of the adapter 10 may jump up to bring about a force that pushes down the lighting fixture 100 in the negative Z-axis direction via the holder 120, and therefore, may be formed with an inclined surface that is inclined upward with respect to the circumferential direction around the central axis O of the adapter 10.

A third protruding portion 125 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral wall portion 121.

When the holder 120 (the lighting fixture 100) is rotated relative to the adapter 10 in the circumferential direction around the central axis O, the third protruding portion 125 comes into contact with the first locking portion 31 and the second locking portion 32 of the adapter 10, and the protruding amounts of the first locking portion 31 and the second locking portion 32 relative to the outer peripheral surface 10c of the adapter 10 are changed.

The third convex portion 125 is a convex structure that generates a force to move the first locking portion 31 and the second locking portion 32 in the direction of the central axis O of the adapter 10. More specifically, the third protruding portion 125 is a protruding structure protruding from a part of the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral wall portion 121 along the central axis O of the outer peripheral wall portion 121. The third protrusion 125 has a protruding amount that moves the first locking portion 31 and the second locking portion 32 in the direction of the central axis O of the adapter 10 by abutting against the first locking portion 31 and the second locking portion 32 of the adapter 10 when the holder 120 rotates around the central axis O of the adapter 10.

The bottom 122 is a plate-like bottom plate substantially parallel to the X-Y plane, and faces the rear surface 10b of the adapter 10. A first power supply terminal 123a and a second power supply terminal 123b are fixed to a central portion of the bottom portion 122.

First power supply terminal 123a and second power supply terminal 123b

The first power supply terminal 123a and the second power supply terminal 123b are electrically and mechanically connected to the lighting fixture 100.

The first power supply terminal 123a is a convex terminal (columnar terminal) extending in the attaching/detaching direction, is a connection terminal for supplying power supplied from the hook-and-loop type suction head 3 via the adapter 10, and is a male connection portion. The first power feeding terminal 123a is fixed to the bottom 122 of the holder 120 by a fixing member such as insert molding or a screw so that the central axis O of the first power feeding terminal 123a substantially coincides with the central axis O of the adapter 10 and the central axis O of the outer peripheral wall portion 121.

The second power supply terminal 123b is a convex terminal (cylindrical terminal) extending in the attaching/detaching direction, is a connection terminal for supplying power supplied from the hook-and-loop type suction head 3 via the adapter 10, and is a male connection portion. The second power supply terminal 123b is formed (in a surrounding manner) around the first power supply terminal 123a, and is formed concentrically with respect to the first power supply terminal 123 a. The second power feeding terminal 123b is fixed to the bottom 122 of the holder 120 by a fixing member such as insert molding or a screw so that the center axis of the second power feeding terminal 123b substantially coincides with the center axis O of the adapter 10 and the center axis O of the outer peripheral wall portion 121. The second power supply terminal 123b may surround the first power supply terminal 123a, and therefore may not be cylindrical. If the second power supply terminal 123b is concentric with the first power supply terminal 123a, the lighting fixture 100 can be rotated with respect to the adapter 10. Therefore, even if a force is applied to rotate the lighting fixture 100, it is not easy to apply an excessive torque to the lighting fixture 100, so that damage to the components constituting the lighting fixture 100 is suppressed.

That is, when the adapter 10 is inserted into the holder 120, the first power supply terminal 123a is inserted into the first insertion opening portion 22a of the adapter 10, and the second power supply terminal 123b is inserted into the second insertion opening portion 22b of the adapter 10.

In the present embodiment, the first power supply terminal 123a is a cylindrical pin, and the second power supply terminal 123b is a circular ring-shaped (cylindrical) terminal.

Further, a portion of the first power supply terminal 123a protrudes from the first face 131a of the substrate 131 of the light emitting module 130, and a portion of the second power supply terminal 123b also protrudes from the first face 131a of the substrate 131 of the light emitting module 130. The first power supply terminal 123a and the second power supply terminal 123b are electrically connected to the power supply unit 150 and the light emitting module 130.

Light emitting Module 130

As shown in fig. 2, the light emitting module 130 is, for example, a light emitting module for lighting that emits light and, for example, brightly illuminates the entire room. The light emitting module 130 is disposed on the mounting surface of the flange 112 of the device body 110, which is the surface on the negative Z-axis direction side, and is fixed to the device body 110 so as to radiate light to the surroundings.

The light emitting module 130 has a substrate 131 and a plurality of LED (Light Emitting Diode: light emitting diode) modules 132.

The substrate 131 is a mounting substrate having a mounting surface for mounting the LED module 132. The substrate 131 is formed in a substantially disk shape. The base plate 131 is fixed to the mounting surface of the flange 112 of the instrument body 110 by a fixing member such as a screw so as to cover the housing of the instrument body 110 and cover the opening 113 of the instrument body 110 when viewed in the Z-axis forward direction. Specifically, the substrate 131 is fixed to the device main body 110 in a posture substantially parallel to the X-Y plane so that the mounting surface faces in the negative Z-axis direction.

The substrate 131 has a first surface 131a as a mounting surface on the negative Z-axis side, and a second surface 131b as a mounting surface on the positive Z-axis side opposite to the first surface 131a.

A plurality of LED modules 132 and control circuit components constituting a lighting circuit, a lighting control unit, and the like, which constitute a part of the power supply unit 150, are disposed on the first surface 131a. That is, a plurality of surface-mounted electronic components such as LED modules 132 and control circuit components are disposed on the first surface 131a. The control circuit component is, for example, a microcontroller, a resistor, or the like. In this case, since the plurality of LED modules 132 and the control circuit components of the power supply unit 150 can be surface-mounted at the same time, it is easy to dispose the electronic components on the first surface 131a of the substrate 131.

Fig. 4 is a plan view showing the light emitting module 130 of the lighting fixture 100 in the embodiment.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the first surface 131a has a first region S1, a second region S2, and a third region S3.

The first region S1 is an inner peripheral side of the annular power supply unit 150, and a part of the LED modules 132 among the plurality of LED modules 132 is disposed. In the present embodiment, the first region S1 is circular in shape. When the light emitting module 130 is viewed in the Z-axis direction, the first region S1 overlaps the opening 113 of the device main body 110 and covers the opening 113. The first region S1 is a region corresponding to a central portion of the lighting fixture 100 when the lighting fixture 100 is viewed in a plane (viewed in the Z-axis direction), and intersects the central axis O.

The second region S2 is a lighting circuit region in which the power supply unit 150 is annularly arranged so as to surround the first region S1. In the present embodiment, the second region S2 is provided with a rectifier circuit of the power supply unit 150. When the light emitting module 130 is viewed in the Z-axis direction, the second region S2 is a ring-shaped region constituting the outer peripheral region of the first region S1, and is a region sandwiched between the first region S1 and the third region S3 from the inside and the outside. In the present embodiment, the second region S2 is annular. When the light emitting module 130 is viewed in the Z-axis direction, the second region S2 is disposed on the outer periphery of the opening 113 of the device body 110, is inside the flange 112 of the device body 110, and overlaps the housing 111 of the device body 110. The central axis of the second region S2 coincides with the central axis O.

The third region S3 is annularly arranged with the remaining LED modules 132 among the plurality of LED modules 132 so as to surround the second region S2. The third region S3 is a ring-shaped region constituting the outer peripheral region of the second region S2 when the light emitting module 130 is viewed in the Z-axis direction. In the present embodiment, the third region S3 is annular and concentric with respect to the first region S1 and the second region S2. When the light emitting module 130 is viewed in the Z-axis direction, the third region S3 is disposed on the outer periphery of the opening 113 of the device main body 110, and overlaps the flange 112 of the device main body 110. The central axis of the third region S3 coincides with the central axis O.

On the second surface 131b, a circuit component with pins, which is a part of the power supply unit 150, is arranged. The circuit parts with pins are, for example, electrolytic capacitors, transformers, coils, etc.

A first power supply terminal 123a and a second power supply terminal 123b, a plurality of LED modules 132, and a plurality of wirings 133, 134a, 135 for electrically connecting the power supply unit 150 are mounted on the substrate 131.

First, the wiring 133 electrically connects the first power supply terminal 123a to the rectifying circuit of the power supply unit 150. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, one end of the wiring 133 is electrically connected to the first power supply terminal 123a protruding from the first surface 131a, and after passing through the through hole 131c formed in the first region S1 of the substrate 131 and extending to the second surface 131b, the other end is electrically connected to the power supply unit 150. In the present embodiment, the other end side of the wiring 133 extends to the power supply portion 150 along the second surface 131b, and then extends to the first surface 131a through the through hole 131c2 formed in the second region S2 of the substrate 131, and is electrically connected to the power supply portion 150 of the second region S2. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the light emitting module of fig. 4 along line V-V.

Further, the first wiring portion 134a1 of the wiring 134a extends along the first surface 131a across the second region S2 where the rectifying circuit of the power supply section 150 is arranged to the first region S1, and the plurality of LED modules 132 arranged in the first region S1 are connected in series. That is, the first wiring portion 134a1 of the wiring 134a electrically connects the plurality of LED modules 132 of the first region S1 connected in series with the rectifying circuit of the power supply section 150.

As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the second wiring portion 134a2 of the wiring 134a is connected to the first wiring portion 134a1 connecting the plurality of LED modules 132 in series in the first region S1, extends to the second surface 131b through the through hole 131c3 formed in the first region S1, and extends along the second surface 131b to the third region S3 side across the power supply portion 150. The second wiring portion 134a2 is a jumper wiring. That is, some of the plurality of LED modules 132 arranged in the first region S1 are electrically connected to the rest of the plurality of LED modules 132 arranged in the third region S3 across the power supply section 150. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the light emitting module 130 of line VI-VI of fig. 4.

After the second wiring portion 134a2 extends from the first region S1 side to the third region S3 side, the third wiring portion 134a3 of the wiring 134a is connected to the second wiring portion 134a2, extends to the first face 131a through the through hole 131c4 formed in the third region S3, and connects the plurality of LED modules 132 arranged in the third region S3 in series.

After the third wiring portion 134a3 of the wiring 134a connects the plurality of LED modules 132 of the third region S3 in series, the fourth wiring portion 134a4 of the wiring 134a is connected to the third wiring portion 134a3, extends to the second surface 131b through the through hole formed in the third region S3, and is connected to the power supply portion 150. One end of the wiring 135 is connected to the power supply portion 150, extends from the power supply portion 150 along the second surface 131b, extends to the first surface 131a through the through hole formed in the first region S1, and the other end is electrically connected to the second power supply terminal 123 b. As shown in fig. 4 and 7, the wiring 134a connects the plurality of LED modules 132 arranged in the first region S1 and the third region S3 in series. Fig. 7 is a block diagram of a lighting fixture according to an embodiment in which a plurality of LED modules are connected in series.

In addition, when the second wiring portion 134a2 of the wiring 134a straddles the power supply portion 150 or when the fourth wiring portion 134a4 is connected to the wiring 135 via the power supply portion 150, the wiring may be routed along the first surface 131a, and the wiring may be an unnecessary constituent element along the second surface 131 b.

In the present embodiment, the plurality of wirings 133, 134a, 135 are enclosed as described above, but the present invention is not limited to fig. 4. The layout of the plurality of wirings 133, 134a, 135 and the plurality of LED modules 132 may be changed as appropriate. Further, noise generated in the lighting fixture 100 may be suppressed by optimizing the wiring of the plurality of wirings 133, 134a, 135, adding a noise filter, or the like.

As the substrate 131, for example, a resin substrate based on a resin material, a metal base substrate obtained by applying an insulating film to a base material made of a metal material such as aluminum or copper, a ceramic substrate which is a sintered body of a ceramic material such as aluminum oxide, or the like is used. The substrate 131 may be a printed wiring board, a rigid substrate, or a flexible substrate.

The plurality of LED modules 132 are disposed on the mounting surface of the substrate 131. The plurality of LED modules 132 are arranged in a plurality of annular rows, that is, in concentric circles, by the substrate 131. The plurality of LED modules 132 are arranged on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side with respect to the annular power supply portion 150. Some of the plurality of LED modules 132 disposed in the first region S1 are disposed on the first surface 131a of the substrate 131 so as to overlap the opening 113 (overlap the opening surface of the opening 113) when the first region S1 and the opening 113 are viewed in plan. Further, the remaining LED modules 132 of the plurality of LED modules 132, which are disposed in the third region S3, are disposed on the first surface 131a of the substrate 131 so as to overlap with the flange 112 of the fixture body 110 when the fixture body 110 of the third region S3 is viewed in plan.

In the present embodiment, the plurality of LED modules 132 are disposed in the first region S1 on the inner side of the annular power supply portion 150 and the third region S3 on the outer peripheral side of the annular power supply portion 150 so as to sandwich the annular power supply portion 150 from the inner side and the outer side. That is, the LED modules 132 in the first region S1 and the LED modules 132 in the third region S3 are arranged concentrically with the annular power supply unit 150 interposed therebetween. The LED module 132 is an example of a light source.

Specifically, the plurality of LED modules 132 are electrically connected to the power supply unit 150 through a plurality of wirings 134a mounted on the substrate 131. In the present embodiment, a plurality of LED modules 132 are connected in series. Specifically, the plurality of LED modules 132 arranged in the first region S1 are connected in series by the wiring 134a1, the plurality of LED modules 132 arranged in the third region S3 are connected in series by the wiring 134a3, and the plurality of LED modules 132 of the first region S1 and the plurality of LED modules 132 of the third region S3 are also connected in series.

The plurality of LED modules 132 are configured to emit white light, for example. Specifically, the plurality of LED modules 132 are constituted by COB (Chip On Board) type LED elements, and include a plurality of blue LEDs as bare chips (LED chips) mounted On the substrate 131, and a sealing member for sealing the blue LEDs and containing a yellow phosphor. The plurality of LED modules 132 may emit light of 2 or more colors. Specifically, the plurality of LED modules 132 may be RGB 3-color LED light sources, and may emit 3-color monochromatic lights of red light, blue light, and green light, and emit color light or white light obtained by dimming these 3-color monochromatic lights.

The plurality of LED modules 132 may be surface-mounted (SMD: surface Mount Device) LED elements in which LEDs are packaged, and include a case (package), a plurality of LED chips mounted in the case, and a sealing member sealing the plurality of LED chips. The sealing member is made of a light-transmitting insulating resin material such as silicone. In addition, a light diffusion material such as silica, a filler, and the like may be dispersed in the sealing member.

In the present embodiment, the plurality of LED modules 132 radiate light in a direction substantially parallel to the negative Z-axis direction. Specifically, the optical axes of the plurality of LED modules 132 are the main emission directions of light, and are directions substantially parallel to the negative Z-axis direction.

[ diffusion cover 140]

The diffusion cover 140 is an optical member that covers the light emitting module 130 when viewed in the negative Z-axis direction, and diffuses light incident from the light emitting module 130 to the outside and emits the light. The diffusion cover 140 is supported by the tool body 110 with a predetermined distance from the light emitting module 130. Specifically, the diffusion cover 140 is circular when viewed in the Z-axis direction, and is supported by the outer peripheral edge of the flange 112 of the tool body 110.

The diffusion cover 140 has light transmittance. For example, the diffusion cover 140 is formed of a material having light transmittance such as polycarbonate or acrylic. For example, a milky-white diffusion panel having a light diffusion material dispersed therein may be used as the diffusion cover 140. Further, fine irregularities (embossments) may be formed on the surface 10a of the diffusion cover 140 by embossing or the like. Thereby, the light incident to the diffusion cover 140 by the light emission of the light emitting module 130 is scattered by the transmission diffusion cover 140. As a result, the luminance unevenness appearing on the diffusion cover 140 decreases when the diffusion cover 140 is viewed from the negative Z-axis direction.

[ Power supply portion 150]

The power supply unit 150 is a power supply module that rectifies, smoothes, steps up/down, and the like an input voltage of ac supplied from an external power source such as a commercial power source via the hook-and-loop suction head holder 3 and the adapter 10, and converts the rectified and smoothed input voltage into a dc voltage of a predetermined level. The power supply unit 150 supplies the converted dc voltage to the light emitting module 130 via a wiring pattern, a lead, and the like.

Specifically, the power supply unit 150 includes: a lighting circuit including a rectifying circuit for full-wave rectifying an ac input voltage, a converter circuit for converting a full-wave rectified ripple voltage into a desired dc voltage, a switching power supply circuit, and the like, and supplying electric power for lighting the light emitting module 130; and a lighting control unit for controlling the lighting circuit. The rectifier circuit of the lighting circuit is configured by, for example, a diode bridge or the like, and full-wave rectifies an input voltage of an ac power supply external to the commercial power supply or the like. The inverter circuit of the lighting circuit smoothes the output voltage from the rectifying circuit after full-wave rectification and converts the smoothed output voltage into a predetermined direct-current voltage. Thus, the lighting circuit supplies the generated direct current to the plurality of LED modules 132 to light the plurality of LED modules 132. The switching power supply circuit is, for example, a step-down chopper circuit, a step-up chopper circuit, a DC-DC converter, or the like, and increases or decreases the direct current supplied to the plurality of LED modules 132 by PWM (Pulse Width Modulation: pulse width modulation) control. The lighting control unit individually performs PWM control of the switching power supply circuit of the lighting circuit so that the plurality of LED modules 132 are individually lighted. The lighting control unit is a microcomputer or the like. For example, the lighting control unit adjusts the light by changing only the light quantity of the light while maintaining a constant light color of the light emitted from the LED module 132. The lighting control unit changes the ratio of the amounts of light of the plurality of LED modules 132 while maintaining a constant amount of light emitted from the light emitting modules 130 without changing the amounts of light, and adjusts the color of the light only by changing the color of the light. The power supply unit 150 may have a noise filter for removing harmonic noise included in the ac voltage and the ac current.

The power supply unit 150 is also mounted on the same board 131 as the board 131 on which the LED module 132 is mounted. Specifically, the power supply unit 150 is mounted on the substrate 131 and electrically connected to the substrate 131, thereby supplying power to the light emitting module 130.

The power supply unit 150 is disposed in a ring shape with respect to the substrate 131. Specifically, control circuit components constituting a rectifier circuit or the like that is a part of the power supply unit 150 are arranged along the shape of the second region S2 of the first surface 131a, and circuit components with pins that are a part of the power supply unit 150 are arranged in a ring shape on the second surface 131b so as to correspond to the shape of the second region S2. That is, the power supply unit 150 is mounted on the first surface 131a and the second surface 131b of the substrate 131.

In the present embodiment, the power supply unit 150 causes the current to flow through the plurality of LED modules 132 in the third region S3 after causing the current to flow through the plurality of LED modules 132 in the first region S1, but the opposite may be adopted. That is, the power supply unit 150 may cause the current to flow through the plurality of LED modules 132 in the first region S1 after causing the current to flow through the plurality of LED modules 132 in the third region S3.

The power supply unit 150 is composed of, for example, a printed circuit board on which metal wiring having a predetermined shape is formed, a plurality of circuit elements mounted on the printed circuit board, and the like. The circuit element is an electronic component for causing the light emitting module 130 to emit light, and is, for example, a capacitance element (electrolytic capacitor, ceramic capacitor, or the like), a resistance element (resistor, or the like), a rectifying circuit, a coil element, a choke coil (choke transformer), an integrated circuit element (IC), a semiconductor element (FET, or the like), or the like.

In the present embodiment, the power supply unit 150 is housed in the housing portion 111 of the device main body 110, and is disposed between the light emitting module 130 and the holder 120. The power supply unit 150 is disposed in a ring shape on the surface of the substrate 131 on the positive Z-axis side. The electronic components of the power supply unit 150 are mainly disposed on the first surface 131a on the negative Z-axis side of the substrate 131, and the circuit components with pins of the power supply unit 150 are mainly disposed on the second surface 131b on the positive Z-axis side of the substrate 131. The electronic component is a microcomputer or the like, and the circuit component with pins is a transformer, an electrolytic capacitor or the like. The power supply unit 150 is fixed to the housing 111 by a fixing member such as a screw.

< adapter 10>

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the adapter 10 is an adapter for a lighting fixture, which electrically and mechanically connects the ceiling hook-and-loop type suction base 3 and the lighting fixture 100. The adapter 10 is mounted and fixed to the hook-and-loop type suction cup 3 by rotating with respect to the hook-and-loop type suction cup 3. The adapter 10 is an example of a power supply unit.

The adapter 10 includes a housing 20, first and second locking portions 31 and 32, an elastic member 40, first and second terminals 51 and 52, third and fourth terminals, a connection portion 70, a lock portion 80, and a lock release button 90.

[ Shell 20]

The case 20 is a cylindrical housing body that is flat in the Z-axis direction and houses each component included in the adapter 10. The housing 20 is provided with first and second terminals 51 and 52, third and fourth terminals, a connecting portion 70, first and second locking portions 31 and 32.

The housing 20 has a front surface 10a as a surface facing the hook-and-loop type suction cup 3 and serving as a mounting surface, and a rear surface 10b opposite to the front surface 10 a. The surface 10a is a surface on the positive Z-axis side and is substantially parallel to the X-Y plane. The back surface 10b is a surface on the negative Z-axis direction side, and is substantially parallel to the X-Y plane. The housing 20 has a surface 10a, and is attached to the hook-and-loop type suction cup 3 in a state in which the surface 10a faces the surface of the hook-and-loop type suction cup 3.

Further, a second convex portion 21e that engages with the first convex portion 124 formed on the holder 120 of the lighting fixture 100 is formed on the outer peripheral surface 10c of the housing 20.

[ first locking portion 31 and second locking portion 32]

The first locking portion 31 and the second locking portion 32 are resin members for holding the lighting fixture 100 in a predetermined posture by the adapter 10. That is, the first locking portion 31 and the second locking portion 32 are members for locking the lighting fixture 100 to the adapter 10. The first locking portion 31 and the second locking portion 32 protrude from the outer peripheral surface 10c of the adapter 10 so as to be movable forward and backward, thereby fixing the lighting fixture 100 to the adapter 10. In the present embodiment, two locking portions are used, but the number of locking portions may be 3 or more, or 1.

The first locking portion 31 is biased outward from the inside of the housing 20 by the elastic member 40, and protrudes outward from the first opening 21c of the housing 20. The second locking portion 32 is biased outward from the inside of the housing 20 by the elastic member 40, and protrudes outward from the housing 20 from the second opening 21d of the housing 20.

[ elastic Member 40]

The elastic member 40 is a coil spring in the present embodiment, but may be another elastic member. The elastic member 40 biases the first locking portion 31 and the second locking portion 32 radially outward from the outer peripheral surface 10c of the adapter 10. The elastic member 40 allows the first locking portion 31 and the second locking portion 32 to protrude in a retractable manner with respect to the first opening 21c and the second opening 21 d.

[ first terminal 51 and second terminal 52]

The first terminal 51 and the second terminal 52 are detachably fixed to the hook-and-loop type suction head 3 electrically connected to the wiring to which electric power is supplied. The first terminal 51 and the second terminal 52 are plate-like members made of metal, and are a pair of terminals for receiving power supply from the hook-and-loop type suction base 3 by the lighting fixture 100.

By inserting one end of the first terminal 51 into the power supply port 3a of the hook-and-loop type suction head 3 and inserting one end of the second terminal 52 into the power supply port 3a of the hook-and-loop type suction head 3, the first terminal 51 and the second terminal 52 are electrically connected to a pair of power supply terminals (not shown) in the hook-and-loop type suction head 3.

Third terminal and fourth terminal

The third terminal and the fourth terminal are plate-shaped members made of metal, and are a pair of terminals for receiving power supply from the hook-and-loop type suction cap 3 of fig. 1 to the lighting fixture 100. One end of the third terminal is electrically and mechanically connected to the other end of the first terminal 51. One end of the fourth terminal is electrically and mechanically connected to the other end of the second terminal 52.

The other end portion 53a of the third terminal is disposed in the first insertion opening portion 22 a. The other end of the fourth terminal is disposed in the second insertion opening 22 b.

[ connection portion 70]

The connection portion 70 is provided on the back surface 10b of the adapter 10 opposite to the surface 10a on which the first and second terminals 51 and 52 are provided, and is electrically connected to the hook-and-loop type socket 3 of fig. 1 via the first and second terminals 51 and 52 to supply electric power to the lighting fixture 100. Specifically, the connection portion 70 is configured by the other end portion 53a of the third terminal disposed from the first insertion portion 22a toward the Z-axis positive direction side, the other end portion of the fourth terminal disposed from the second insertion portion 22b toward the Z-axis positive direction side, and the first insertion portion 22a and the second insertion portion 22 b.

[ locking portion 80]

The lock portion 80 is a member for restricting movement of the adapter 10 relative to the hook-type suction cup 3 in order to maintain the first state in which the adapter 10 is fixed to the hook-type suction cup 3. If the adapter 10 is rotated to be positioned to overlap with the power supply port 3a of the hook-and-loop type suction cup 3, the locking portion 80 is inserted into the power supply port 3a of the hook-and-loop type suction cup 3 by further protruding from the opening provided on the surface 10a of the housing 20 by the urging force of the coil spring.

[ Lock release button 90]

The lock release button 90 is a button that is pushed to pull out the lock portion 80 from the power supply port 3a of the hook-and-loop type suction cup 3, and is provided in the housing 20. The lock release button 90 is pushed by the surface of the hook-and-loop type suction seat 3, and is displaced to a position where it interferes with the electrical connection between the second power supply terminal 123b and the connection portion 70. When the lock release button 90 is moved in the direction of being pushed into the housing 20, the lock portion 80 is moved in the negative Z-axis direction, and the lock portion 80 is pulled out from the power supply port 3a of the hook-and-loop type suction cup 3.

< action >

First, a case where the adapter 10 is attached to the hook-and-loop type suction cup 3 will be described.

As shown in fig. 1, the power supply ports 3a of the hook-and-loop type suction cup 3 are aligned with the hooking pieces 51a of the first terminal 51 and the hooking pieces 52a of the second terminal 52 of the adapter 10, and the hooking pieces 51a of the first terminal 51 and the hooking pieces 52a of the second terminal 52 are inserted into the power supply ports 3 a. The guide 82 is always pushed by the surface of the hook-type socket 3 and accommodated in the housing 20 until the hook pieces 51a and 52a reach the end of the power supply port 3 a. The adapter 10 rotates in the circumferential direction of the central axis O of the adapter 10 until the hook pieces 51a and 52a reach the end of the power supply port 3 a. Thereby, the adapter 10 is electrically and mechanically connected and fixed to the hook-and-loop suction cup 3.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the holder 120 of the lighting fixture 100 is aligned so as to overlap the adapter 10, and the lighting fixture 100 is pushed up so that the adapter 10 is inserted from the insertion port 122a of the holder 120. At this time, the first locking portion 31 and the second locking portion 32 of the adapter 10 are slid by abutting against the locked portion 122b of the holder 120, and the first locking portion 31 and the second locking portion 32 are moved in the central axis O direction of the adapter 10 by being pressed by the locked portion 122 b. Thereby, the adapter 10 can be inserted from the insertion port 122a of the holder 120 of the lighting fixture 100.

When the adapter 10 is inserted into the holder 120 of the lighting fixture 100, the first locking portion 31 and the second locking portion 32 move in the outer diameter direction of the adapter 10 under the urging force of the elastic member 40. At this time, the first power supply terminal 123a of the holder 120 is inserted into the first insertion opening 22a and electrically connected to the other end 53a of the third terminal. Further, the second power supply terminal 123b of the holder 120 is inserted into the second insertion port portion 22b and electrically connected to the other end portion of the fourth terminal.

Next, a case where the lighting fixture 100 is detached from the adapter 10 will be described.

If the lighting fixture 100 is rotated in the circumferential direction of the central axis O, the first convex portion 124 of the holder 120 abuts against the second convex portion 21e of the adapter 10, the second convex portion 21e slides on the first convex portion 124, and the lighting fixture 100 is pushed down in the negative Z-axis direction under its own weight. At this time, the third protruding portion 125 in the holder 120 is pressed while sliding in contact with the first locking portion 31 and the second locking portion 32, whereby the first locking portion 31 and the second locking portion 32 move in the central axis O direction of the adapter 10. In this way, the lighting fixture 100 is held by the adapter 10 in the second state in which it is temporarily fixed to the temporary fixing portion 36 of the first locking portion 31 and the temporary fixing portion 36 of the second locking portion 32.

When the lighting fixture 100 is pushed down in the negative Z-axis direction, the second contact surface 36a of the first locking portion 31 and the second contact surface 36a of the second locking portion 32 are pressed by the locking portion 122b, and the first locking portion 31 and the second locking portion 32 move in the direction of the central axis O of the adapter 10. Thereby, the lighting fixture 100 can be detached from the adapter 10.

< Effect >

Next, the operational effects of the lighting fixture 100 of the present embodiment will be described.

As described above, the lighting fixture 100 of the present embodiment includes: a plurality of LED modules 132; a substrate 131 having a plurality of LED modules 132 arranged on a first surface 131 a; a power supply unit 150 electrically connected to the substrate 131 and configured to supply power to the plurality of LED modules 132; and an instrument main body 110 that houses the plurality of LED modules 132, the substrate 131, and the power supply unit 150. The instrument main body 110 is formed with an opening 113 into which the adapter 10 is inserted, and the adapter 10 supplies input power from the outside to the power supply unit 150. The power supply unit 150 is disposed in a ring shape with respect to the substrate 131. The plurality of LED modules 132 are arranged on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side with respect to the annular power supply portion 150.

Accordingly, the plurality of LED modules 132 are disposed on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side with respect to the annular power supply portion 150, and therefore the LED modules 132 can be disposed at positions corresponding to the openings 113. Therefore, in the lighting fixture 100, light can be emitted from the central portion of the lighting fixture 100, so that, for example, uniform light can be emitted as compared with a conventional lighting device in which the LED module is not arranged at a position corresponding to the opening.

Therefore, in the lighting fixture 100, the light emitting surface (in the present embodiment, the surface on the negative Z-axis direction side of the diffusion cover 140) of the lighting fixture 100 can be uniformly lighted as compared with the conventional one.

In the lighting fixture 100 of the present embodiment, the power supply unit 150 is also mounted on the substrate 131.

Accordingly, it is not necessary to prepare a separate substrate on which the electronic components of the power supply unit 150 are mounted, so that the thickness of the lighting fixture 100 is not easily increased, and the lighting fixture 100 can be miniaturized. In the lighting fixture 100, since the number of man-hours and the increase in the parts of the lighting fixture 100 are suppressed, an increase in manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

In the lighting fixture 100 of the present embodiment, the first surface 131a includes: a first region S1, which is an inner peripheral side of the power supply unit 150 disposed in a ring shape, in which some of the plurality of LED modules 132 are disposed; the second region S2 is annularly provided with the power supply unit 150 so as to surround the first region S1; and a third region S3 in which the remaining LED modules 132 among the plurality of LED modules 132 are annularly arranged so as to surround the second region S2.

Thus, the plurality of LED modules 132 can be arranged so as to sandwich from the inside and the outside of the second region S2 throughout the entire circumference of the second region S2. Therefore, the light emitting surface of the lighting fixture 100 can be more reliably and uniformly lighted.

In the lighting fixture 100 of the present embodiment, some of the LED modules 132 disposed in the first region S1 among the plurality of LED modules 132 are disposed on the first surface 131a of the substrate 131 so as to overlap the opening 113 when the first region S1 and the opening 113 are viewed in a plane.

Accordingly, the LED module 132 can be disposed at a position overlapping the opening 113, so that the light emitting surface of the lighting fixture 100 can be more reliably and uniformly lighted.

In the lighting fixture 100 of the present embodiment, some of the LED modules 132 arranged in the first region S1 are electrically connected to the rest of the LED modules 132 arranged in the third region S3 among the plurality of LED modules 132 across the second region S2.

Thus, a wiring path for connecting the LED modules 132 arranged in the first region S1 and the LED modules 132 arranged in the third region S3 in series, parallel, or the like can be appropriately set. Therefore, the wiring length is less likely to be long, so that an increase in radiation noise generated in the lighting fixture 100 can be suppressed.

In the lighting fixture 100 of the present embodiment, a plurality of LED modules 132 and control circuit components that are part of the power supply unit 150 are disposed on the first surface 131a. A circuit component with pins, which is a part of the power supply unit 150, is disposed on the second surface 131b opposite to the first surface 131a.

Thus, the light emitted from the plurality of LED modules 132 is not easily blocked by the control circuit components, so that the lighting fixture 100 can emit uniform light.

(other modifications, etc.)

The embodiments have been described above, but the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments.

For example, in the lighting fixture described in the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the plurality of LED modules 132 in the first region S1 may be connected in parallel with the plurality of LED modules 132 in the third region. In this case, the plurality of LED modules 132 of the first region S1 may be simply connected in parallel with the plurality of LED modules 132 of the third region S3. As shown in fig. 9, the group 1LED modules 132 may be configured by connecting a part of the plurality of LED modules 132 in the first region S1 and a part of the plurality of LED modules in the third region in series. Further, the group 2LED modules 132 may be configured by connecting a part of the remaining LED modules 132 in the first region S1 and a part of the remaining LED modules 132 in the third region in series. The group 1LED modules 132 and the group 2LED modules 132 may be connected in parallel. Fig. 8 is a block diagram in the case where the 1 st LED module 132 of the plurality of LED modules 132 and the 2 nd LED module 132 of the other plurality of LED modules 132 are connected in parallel. Fig. 9 is another block diagram in the case where the 1 st LED module 132 of the plurality of LED modules 132 and the 2 nd LED module 132 of the other plurality of LED modules 132 are connected in parallel.

In the lighting fixture described in the above embodiment, the electronic component constituting the power supply unit may be disposed on the second surface of the substrate. In this case, too, the plurality of LED modules are arranged on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side with respect to the annular power supply portion when the light emitting module is viewed in plan. That is, the LED modules in the first region and the LED modules in the third region are arranged concentrically with each other with the annular power supply portion interposed therebetween.

The lighting fixture described in the above embodiment is an example, and the specific form of the lighting fixture is not particularly limited.

In the lighting fixture described in the above embodiment, the specific form of the hook-and-loop type suction cup is not particularly limited. As the hanging buckle type ceiling seat, a round full hanging buckle type ceiling seat, a full hanging buckle junction box, a round hanging buckle type ceiling seat, a square hanging buckle ceiling seat, a hanging buckle embedded junction box, a hanging buckle type exposed junction box and the like can be adopted.

In addition, the present disclosure also includes forms obtained by applying various modifications, which are conceivable to those skilled in the art, to the embodiments and modifications of the embodiments, and forms achieved by arbitrarily combining the constituent elements and functions of the embodiments and modifications of the embodiments within a range not departing from the gist of the present disclosure.

Description of the reference numerals

10. Adapter (Power supply part)

100. Lighting device

110. Appliance body (Shell)

113. Opening (insertion hole)

131. Substrate board

131a first side

132 LED module (light source)

150. Power supply unit

S1 first region

S2 second region

S3 third region

Claims (9)

1. A lighting fixture is characterized by comprising:

a plurality of light sources;

a substrate on which the plurality of light sources are arranged on a first surface;

a power supply unit electrically connected to the substrate and configured to supply power to the plurality of light sources; and

a housing for accommodating the plurality of light sources, the substrate, and the power supply unit,

the housing has an insertion hole into which a power supply unit is inserted, the power supply unit supplies an input power from outside to the power supply unit,

the power supply unit is disposed in a ring shape with respect to the substrate,

the plurality of light sources are arranged on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side with respect to the annular power supply portion,

the power supply unit is also mounted on the substrate.

2. A lighting device as defined in claim 1, wherein,

the first surface has:

a first region on an inner peripheral side of the power supply portion, the first region being disposed in a ring shape, in which a part of the plurality of light sources is disposed;

a second region in which the power supply unit is annularly arranged so as to surround the first region; and

And a third region in which the remaining light sources among the plurality of light sources are annularly arranged so as to surround the second region.

3. A lighting device as defined in claim 2, wherein,

a part of the light sources arranged in the first region among the plurality of light sources is arranged on the first surface of the substrate so as to overlap the insertion hole when the first region and the insertion hole are viewed in plan.

4. A lighting device as defined in claim 2, wherein,

a part of the light sources arranged in the first region among the plurality of light sources is electrically connected to the rest of the light sources arranged in the third region among the plurality of light sources across the second region.

5. A lighting device as defined in claim 1, wherein,

the first surface is provided with the plurality of light sources and a control circuit component as a part of the power supply part,

a circuit component with pins, which is a part of the power supply unit, is disposed on a second surface opposite to the first surface.

6. A lighting fixture is characterized by comprising:

a plurality of light sources;

a substrate on which the plurality of light sources are arranged on a first surface;

A power supply unit electrically connected to the substrate and configured to supply power to the plurality of light sources; and

a housing for accommodating the plurality of light sources, the substrate, and the power supply unit,

the housing has an insertion hole into which a power supply unit is inserted, the power supply unit supplies an input power from outside to the power supply unit,

the power supply unit is disposed in a ring shape with respect to the substrate,

the plurality of light sources are arranged on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side with respect to the annular power supply portion,

the first surface has:

a first region on an inner peripheral side of the power supply portion, the first region being disposed in a ring shape, in which a part of the plurality of light sources is disposed;

a second region in which the power supply unit is annularly arranged so as to surround the first region; and

and a third region in which the remaining light sources among the plurality of light sources are annularly arranged so as to surround the second region.

7. A lighting device as defined in claim 6, wherein,

a part of the light sources arranged in the first region among the plurality of light sources is arranged on the first surface of the substrate so as to overlap the insertion hole when the first region and the insertion hole are viewed in plan.

8. A lighting device as defined in claim 6, wherein,

a part of the light sources arranged in the first region among the plurality of light sources is electrically connected to the rest of the light sources arranged in the third region among the plurality of light sources across the second region.

9. A lighting fixture is characterized by comprising:

a plurality of light sources;

a substrate on which the plurality of light sources are arranged on a first surface;

a power supply unit electrically connected to the substrate and configured to supply power to the plurality of light sources; and

a housing for accommodating the plurality of light sources, the substrate, and the power supply unit,

the housing has an insertion hole into which a power supply unit is inserted, the power supply unit supplies an input power from outside to the power supply unit,

the power supply unit is disposed in a ring shape with respect to the substrate,

the plurality of light sources are arranged on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side with respect to the annular power supply portion,

the first surface is provided with the plurality of light sources and a control circuit component as a part of the power supply part,

a circuit component with pins, which is a part of the power supply unit, is disposed on a second surface opposite to the first surface.

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