CN218998871U

CN218998871U - Multifunctional small potato harvester

Info

Publication number: CN218998871U
Application number: CN202223071047.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孟建军; 刘潇; 闫荣佳; 田金松; 李文昊
Original assignee: Lanzhou Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Lanzhou Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2022-11-20
Filing date: 2022-11-20
Publication date: 2023-05-12
Anticipated expiration: 2032-11-20

Abstract

The utility model relates to a multifunctional small potato harvester, belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and mainly aims at the problems of high labor intensity, high cost and low mechanical degree in the current potato harvesting process.

Description

Multifunctional small potato harvester

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a multifunctional small potato harvester.

Background

In the potato planting production process, the workload of potato harvesting operation accounts for more than half of the total workload of the period. Thus, the level of potato harvesting mechanization has become a key factor in ensuring potato yield per unit and in ensuring harvest quality. Along with the continuous expansion of potato planting area, the requirements on large-scale development and standardized management are gradually increased, and the importance of mechanized operation is increasingly highlighted, so that the development of potato harvesting machinery has good application prospect and wide market.

Most families in rural areas are taken out of the business in the middle of the young and the old, lack of labor force for farming, and as most potato planting areas in part of rural areas are small plots in hilly and mountainous areas, large machines cannot go into the ground for operation, so that the mechanization level is low, and the large-sized potatoes are mainly harvested by manpower, and the large-sized potatoes have the defects of high labor intensity, high labor cost and low production efficiency and are not suitable for agricultural production in the current stage; the existing small potato harvester has single function, needs manual seedling killing before digging, needs manual potato block picking with a truck after digging, has low mechanization level, still needs personnel picking cost, does not fundamentally liberate labor force, and has unmatched potato planting mode with the existing machine type and uncombined agricultural machinery and agriculture. Therefore, it is especially necessary to design a multifunctional small potato harvester integrating functions of seedling killing, digging and potato collecting.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a multifunctional small potato harvester, which aims at the problems of high labor intensity, high cost and low mechanization degree in the current potato harvesting process, combines a planting mode, designs a multifunctional small potato harvester capable of realizing the functions of seedling killing, potato block digging, potato soil separation, potato collection and the like, solves the defect that the prior potato mechanized harvesting process needs manual seedling killing before digging and the potato block picking after digging still needs manual truck following, liberates manual labor force, improves the mechanization level, and provides a new thought and a new scheme for the research of domestic potato harvesters.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the multifunctional small potato harvester mainly comprises a seedling killing part, an excavating part and a potato collecting part, wherein the seedling killing part is positioned at the front lower part of a tractor and mainly comprises a seedling divider, a cutting blade, a seedling killing part gearbox, a transmission belt and a seedling killing part mounting rod, the seedling divider is positioned at the forefront end and is used for gathering potato seedling rods for cutting, the cutting blade is positioned at the rear lower end and generates reciprocating rotation to cut the potato seedling rods, the seedling killing part gearbox is positioned at the rear upper part and is used for changing the rotation speed and torque transmitted by the transmission belt, the transmission belt and the seedling killing part mounting rod are positioned between the seedling killing part and the tractor, the purpose is to transmit power of a front wheel shaft belt wheel of the tractor, the two seedling killing part mounting rods are hung on a front beam of the tractor, and the power of the front wheel shaft of the tractor is transmitted through three transmission belts to support the reciprocating cutting of the seedling killing part cutting blade for seedling killing operation; the digging part is positioned at the rear end of the tractor and is connected with the tractor through a three-point suspension device, power is output to a power input shaft of a speed changing box of the digging part through a rear output shaft of the tractor for power transmission, the power transmission mainly comprises the speed changing box of the digging part, a closed potato soil separation transmission chain, a hanging hole, a depth wheel, a frame of the digging part, the power input shaft of the speed changing box of the digging part, a digging shovel and the three-point suspension device, the digging shovel is connected with the frame of the digging part through bolts and is positioned at the lower part of the front end of the digging part, the digging shovel is used for digging potatoes, the frame of the digging part is used for cutting soil at two sides and connecting other digging parts, the closed potato soil separation transmission chain is backwards used, gears are arranged at two sides in the closed potato soil separation transmission chain, the upper part of the digging shovel is the speed changing box of the speed changing box and the power input shaft of the digging part, the speed changing box is changed and then output through the output shaft, the output shaft is transmitted to gears at two sides in the interior of the closed potato soil separation transmission chain through a chain transmission mode, the speed changing box is rotated to perform potato soil vibration separation and potato backward transmission through the chain, the two sides of the digging part frames are fastened on the frame through the tractor, and the traction force is provided at two sides of the frame of the rear hanging device through the three-point suspension device; the potato collecting part is hung behind the digging part through a hanging hole and a potato collecting frame hanging ring, and mainly comprises a potato collecting frame, potato collecting frame travelling wheels and a potato collecting frame hanging ring, wherein the potato collecting frame hanging ring is welded at the forefront end of the potato collecting frame, the potato collecting frame travelling wheels are clamped and fastened at the lower end of the potato collecting frame through elastic steel clamping strips, the potato collecting frame is used for collecting potatoes, and the potato collecting frame travelling wheels are used for supporting the weight of the potato collecting frame and rotate forward.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure of a preferred embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the excavating part of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the potato collecting part of the present utility model.

The figure shows: 1 is a seedling divider, 2 is a cutting blade, 3 is a seedling killing part gearbox, 4 is a transmission belt, 5 is a seedling killing part mounting rod, 6 is a tractor, 7 is an excavating part gearbox, 8 is a closed potato soil separation transmission chain, 9 is a hanging hole, 10 is a potato collecting frame, 11 is a potato collecting frame travelling wheel, 12 is a depth wheel, 13 is an excavating part rack, 14 is an excavating part gearbox power input shaft, 15 is an excavating shovel, 16 is a three-point hanging device, and 17 is a potato collecting frame hanging ring.

Detailed Description

For a better understanding of the present utility model, the present utility model will be further described with reference to the drawings and specific examples.

The utility model relates to a multifunctional small potato harvester, which mainly comprises a seedling killing part, an excavating part and a potato collecting part, wherein the seedling killing part is positioned at the front lower part of a tractor 6 and mainly comprises a seedling divider 1, a cutting blade 2, a seedling killing part gearbox 3, a transmission belt 4 and a seedling killing part mounting rod 5, the seedling divider 1 is positioned at the forefront end and is used for gathering potato seedling rods for cutting, the cutting blade 2 is positioned at the rear lower end and generates reciprocating rotation to cut the potato seedling rods, the seedling killing part gearbox 3 is positioned at the rear upper part and is used for changing the rotating speed and torque transmitted by the transmission belt 4, the transmission belt 4 and the seedling killing part mounting rod 5 are positioned between the seedling killing part and the tractor 6, the purpose is to transmit the power of a front wheel shaft belt pulley of the tractor 6, the two seedling killing part mounting rods 5 are hung on the front beam of the tractor 6, and the power of the front wheel shaft belt pulley of the tractor 6 is transmitted through three transmission belts 4 so as to support the reciprocating cutting of the seedling killing part cutting blade 2 for killing operation; the digging part is positioned at the rear end of the tractor 6, is hung with the tractor 6 through a three-point hanging device 16, outputs power to a digging part gearbox power input shaft 14 through a rear output shaft of the tractor 6 for power transmission, mainly comprises a digging part gearbox 7, a closed potato soil separation transmission chain 8, a hanging hole 9, a depth limiting wheel, a digging part rack 13, a digging part gearbox power input shaft 14, a digging shovel and a three-point hanging device 16, wherein the digging shovel 15 is connected with the digging part rack 13 through bolts and positioned at the lower part of the front end of the digging part, the digging shovel 15 is used for digging potatoes, the digging part rack 13 is used for cutting soil at two sides and connecting other digging parts, the closed potato soil separation transmission chain 8 is backwards used for closing the potato soil separation transmission chain 8, gears are arranged at two sides inside the closed potato soil separation transmission chain 8, the upper part of the digging shovel 15 is the digging part gearbox 7 and the digging part gearbox power input shaft 14, after power is received by the digging part gearbox 7, the digging part is changed into a speed regulation torque through the output shaft, and then transmitted to gears at two sides of the closed potato soil separation transmission chain 8 through the chain transmission mode, the closed potato soil separation transmission chain 8 is driven by the output shaft through the chain transmission mode, and the closed potato separation transmission chain is driven by the rotation of the three-point transmission chain to rotate to drive the potato separation transmission chain 8 to the two sides through the three-point hanging device 13 to the two sides of the digging part rack 13, and the three-point transmission device is positioned at the two sides of the rear side of the frame 13 is fastened at the position of the tractor is fastened to the position of the frame 13; the potato collecting part is hung behind the digging part through a hanging hole 9 and a potato collecting frame 10 hanging ring, and mainly comprises a potato collecting frame 10, a potato collecting frame travelling wheel 11 and a potato collecting frame hanging ring 17, wherein the potato collecting frame hanging ring 17 is welded at the forefront end of the potato collecting frame 10, the potato collecting frame travelling wheel 11 is clamped and fastened at the lower end of the potato collecting frame 10 through an elastic steel clamping strip, the potato collecting frame 10 is used for collecting potatoes, and the potato collecting frame travelling wheel 11 is used for supporting the weight of the potato collecting frame 10 and the weight of the potatoes and is rotationally advanced.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

when the seedling killing machine works, the tractor 6 forwards runs, the seedling pulling and separating device 1 pulls the potato seedling rod parts back to cut, the front wheel shaft belt wheel of the pulling machine 6 rotates, power is transmitted to the input shaft of the seedling killing part gearbox 3 through the three transmission belts 4, the seedling killing part gearbox 3 is subjected to speed regulation, torque change and direction change and then is output through the output shaft of the seedling killing part gearbox 3, and the output shaft of the seedling killing part gearbox 3 drives the cutting blade 2 to carry out reciprocating rotation to carry out seedling killing operation; simultaneously, the tractor 6 hangs the digging part through the three-point hanging device 16 to drive the digging shovel 15 to dig potatoes, the digging part rack 13 cuts soil at two sides, the rear output shaft of the tractor 6 outputs power to the power input shaft 14 of the digging part gearbox to carry out power transmission, the power input shaft 14 of the digging part gearbox receives power and then carries out speed regulation, torque change and output through the output shaft after being changed by the speed regulation of the digging part gearbox 7, and the output shaft is transmitted to gears at two sides in the closed potato-soil separation conveying chain 8 in a chain transmission mode, so that the closed potato-soil separation conveying chain 8 rotates to carry out potato-soil vibration separation and potato backward conveying; finally, the potatoes are conveyed to the potato collecting frame 10 backwards for collection, and when the potatoes arrive at the two ends of the planting land, the potato collecting frame hanging rings 17 are loosened for potato unloading.

The above embodiments are only preferred examples of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present utility model, and other variations and modifications of the present utility model may be made by those skilled in the art based on the above description, and it is not necessary or impossible to make an exhaustive list of all the embodiments, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement etc. which are within the spirit and principle of the present utility model are included in the scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. The multifunctional small potato harvester mainly comprises a seedling killing part, an excavating part and a potato collecting part, wherein the seedling killing part is positioned at the front lower part of a tractor and mainly comprises a seedling divider (1), a cutting blade (2), a seedling killing part gearbox (3), a transmission belt (4) and a seedling killing part mounting rod (5), the seedling divider (1) is positioned at the forefront end, the cutting blade (2) is positioned at the rear lower end, the seedling killing part gearbox (3) is positioned at the rear upper part, the transmission belt (4) and the seedling killing part mounting rod (5) are positioned between the seedling killing part and the tractor (6), the two seedling killing part mounting rods (5) are connected to the front beam of the tractor (6) in a hanging mode, and the power of a front wheel shaft of the tractor (6) is transmitted through three transmission belts (4) to support the seedling killing part cutting blade (2) to cut in a reciprocating mode for seedling killing operation; the digging part is positioned at the rear end of the tractor (6), is hung with the tractor (6) through a three-point hanging device (16), outputs power to a digging part gearbox power input shaft (14) through a rear output shaft of the tractor for power transmission, and mainly comprises a digging part gearbox (7), a closed potato soil separation conveying chain (8), a hanging hole (9), a depth limiting wheel (12), a digging part rack (13), a digging part gearbox power input shaft (14), a digging shovel (15) and the three-point hanging device (16), wherein the digging shovel (15) is connected with the digging part rack (13) through bolts and is positioned at the lower part of the front end of the digging part, the closed potato soil separation conveying chain (8) is backwards arranged at the upper part of the digging shovel (15), the digging part gearbox (7) and the digging part gearbox power input shaft (14), the digging part rack (13) is fastened at two sides through bolts, and the hanging hole (9) is positioned at two sides above the rear part of the digging part rack (13); the potato collecting part is hung behind the digging part through a hanging hole (9) and a potato collecting frame hanging ring (17), and mainly comprises a potato collecting frame (10), potato collecting frame travelling wheels (11) and a potato collecting frame hanging ring (17), wherein the potato collecting frame hanging ring (17) is welded at the forefront end of the potato collecting frame (10), and the potato collecting frame travelling wheels (11) are clamped and fastened at the lower end of the potato collecting frame (10) through elastic steel clamping strips.