CN218936336U

CN218936336U - Pulverized coal burner

Info

Publication number: CN218936336U
Application number: CN202223583156.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵虎军; 梁双荣; 王连声; 孙哲; 段丽
Original assignee: Guoneng Longyuan Lantian Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guoneng Longyuan Lantian Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-30
Filing date: 2022-12-30
Publication date: 2023-04-28
Anticipated expiration: 2032-12-30

Abstract

The utility model relates to a pulverized coal burner, comprising: a combustion head for concentrating and burning coal dust; at least two channels for supplying coal powder for the combustion head selectively, wherein at least one channel is communicated with a primary concentrator for concentrating the coal powder in the air and a ventilation air duct for collecting the air concentrated by the primary concentrator. The utility model can selectively supply coal powder to the burner through at least two channels, and can supply coal powder to the burner after being concentrated by the primary concentrator under the condition of being lower than rated load so as to ensure that the burner can stably burn, and can directly supply coal powder to the burner without passing through the primary concentrator under the condition of being lower than rated load.

Description

Pulverized coal burner

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of combustion equipment, in particular to a pulverized coal burner.

Background

The operation of the coal-fired thermal generator set in China is early, most of the load-changing capacity is not fully considered, and for the coal-fired thermal generator set, the problem to be solved at first is stable combustion when the coal-fired thermal generator set is operated under low load or ultra-low load. The coal powder input amount is small under the low load or ultra-low load state, the air amount is relatively more, the boiler hearth volume is unchanged, the heating surface area is unchanged, and stable combustion becomes very difficult at the moment. Meanwhile, in a low-load or ultra-low-load state, the combustion temperature is low, the air quantity is large, the combustion efficiency and the boiler efficiency are greatly reduced, the power generation coal consumption is fluctuated, and according to statistics, for a 300MW coal-fired power generation unit, when the boiler operates in a state that the load is 30% of the rated load, the power generation coal consumption of the unit is increased by 15% -20%.

Disclosure of Invention

First, the technical problem to be solved

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks and disadvantages of the prior art, the present utility model provides a pulverized coal burner, which solves the technical problem that combustion cannot be stabilized in a low load and ultra-low load state.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the above purpose, the main technical scheme adopted by the utility model comprises the following steps:

a pulverized coal burner comprising:

a combustion head for concentrating and burning coal dust;

at least two channels for selectively supplying pulverized coal to the combustion head, wherein at least one channel is communicated with a primary concentrator for concentrating pulverized coal in air and a ventilation air duct for collecting air concentrated by the primary concentrator.

Preferably, an adjusting plate for adjusting the exhaust amount of the ventilation air duct is installed in the ventilation air duct.

Preferably, the at least two channels are connected in parallel, the exhaust ends of the at least two channels are communicated with the air inlet end of the combustion head, and the air inlet ends of the at least two channels are mutually communicated.

Preferably, the two channels are a first channel and a second channel respectively, and the primary concentrator and the ventilation pipeline are communicated with the first channel.

Preferably, the air inlet ends of the first channel and the second channel are communicated through a first connecting port, and a first baffle plate capable of selectively blocking coal dust from entering the first channel or the second channel is arranged in the first connecting port;

the exhaust ends of the first channel and the second channel are communicated through a second connecting port, and a second baffle which can selectively block coal dust from being discharged from the first channel or the second channel is arranged in the second connecting port.

Preferably, the primary concentrator is a cyclone.

Preferably, the primary concentrator is a swirl vane concentrator.

Preferably, the first stage concentrator is an elbow concentrator.

Preferably, the combustion head comprises a primary air duct, an oil gun, a secondary concentrator, a pulverized coal flow equalizer, a direct current secondary air duct and a rotational flow secondary air duct;

the primary air duct is internally provided with the oil gun along the axial direction, and the ignition end of the oil gun extends to the nozzle end of the combustion head;

the secondary concentrator is arranged on the outer side of the ignition end of the oil gun;

the pulverized coal flow equalizer is arranged in the primary air duct and can uniformly distribute pulverized coal in the primary air duct;

the direct current secondary air channel is arranged on the outer side of the primary air channel, and the rotational flow secondary air channel is arranged on the outer side of the direct current secondary air channel.

Preferably, the secondary concentrator is a concentrator with a trapezoid axial section.

(III) beneficial effects

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

(1) The utility model can selectively supply coal powder to the burner through at least two channels, and can supply coal powder to the burner after being concentrated by the primary concentrator under the condition of being lower than rated load so as to ensure that the burner can stably burn, and can directly supply coal powder to the burner without passing through the primary concentrator under the condition of being lower than rated load.

(2) According to the utility model, the flow of the ventilation air duct can be regulated through the regulating plate so as to regulate the discharge amount of ventilation air, so that the concentration of coal dust in a channel communicated with the ventilation air duct can be regulated so as to adapt to a load state.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a pulverized coal burner in embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the burner head of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a pulverized coal burner in embodiment 2 of the present utility model;

fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a pulverized coal burner in embodiment 3 of the present utility model.

[ reference numerals description ]

1: a combustion head; 2: a connector; 31: a second channel; 32: a ventilation air duct; 33: a swirl vane concentrator; 34: a second baffle; 35 a first baffle; 36: a first channel; 37: a elbow type concentrator; 38: a cyclone separator; 11: a primary air duct; 12: an oil gun; 13: a secondary concentrator; 14: a pulverized coal flow equalizer; 15: a direct current secondary air duct; 16: a rotational flow secondary air channel; 17: an air duct adjusting plate; 18: a guide cylinder; 19: a flame stabilizing ring; 110: flame stabilizing teeth; 321: an adjusting plate; 361: and a bending part.

Detailed Description

The utility model will be better explained by the following detailed description of the embodiments with reference to the drawings.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a pulverized coal burner includes: a burner head 1 for concentrating and burning pulverized coal; at least two channels for selectively supplying pulverized coal to the combustion head 1, wherein at least one channel is communicated with a primary concentrator for concentrating pulverized coal in air and a ventilation pipeline 32 for collecting air concentrated by the primary concentrator.

When the load is lower than the rated load, the input amount of the pulverized coal is small, the air amount is relatively more, the pulverized coal and the air are supplied to the combustion head 1 through the channel communicated with the primary concentrator, the primary concentrator concentrates the mixture of the pulverized coal and the air, the redundant air enters the ventilation pipe 32, and the concentration of the pulverized coal is relatively increased, so that the combustion head 1 can burn stably. When the load is rated load, the coal powder input amount is large at this time, and the coal can be directly supplied into the combustion head 1 without concentrating by the primary concentrator.

The utility model can selectively supply coal powder to the burner through at least two channels, and can supply coal powder to the burner after being concentrated by the primary concentrator under the condition of being lower than rated load so as to ensure that the burner can stably burn, and can directly supply coal powder to the burner without passing through the primary concentrator under the condition of being lower than rated load.

In this embodiment, the exhaust ends of at least two channels are communicated with the combustion head 1 through the connector 2.

As shown in fig. 1, an adjustment plate 321 for adjusting the exhaust amount of the ventilation duct 32 is installed in the ventilation duct 32. In this embodiment, a ventilation gap is formed between the adjusting plate 321 and the inner wall of the ventilation duct 32, the adjusting plate 321 can rotate in the ventilation duct 32, and the adjusting plate 321 is rotated to adjust the size of the ventilation gap, so as to adjust the air quantity passing through the ventilation gap, and adjust the concentration of pulverized coal in the channel connected with the ventilation duct 32 to adapt to the load state.

As shown in fig. 1, at least two channels are connected in parallel, the exhaust ends of the at least two channels are communicated with the intake end of the combustion head 1, and the intake ends of the at least two channels are mutually communicated.

As shown in fig. 1, there are two channels, a first channel 36 and a second channel 31, respectively, with the primary concentrator and the ventilation duct 32 communicating with the first channel 36. The pulverized coal in the first channel 36 is concentrated by the primary concentrator, and the ventilation air generated by the concentration is discharged through the ventilation air duct 32 so as to increase the concentration of the pulverized coal in the first channel 36.

As shown in fig. 1, the air inlet ends of the first channel 36 and the second channel 31 are communicated through a first connecting port, and a first baffle 35 which can selectively block coal dust from entering the first channel 36 or the second channel 31 is arranged in the first connecting port; the exhaust ends of the first channel 36 and the second channel 31 are communicated through a second connection port, and a second baffle 34 which can selectively block the coal dust from being exhausted from the first channel 36 or the second channel 31 is arranged in the second connection port. In use, when the load is below rated load, the first baffle 35 is rotated to the second channel 31 to prevent coal dust and air from entering the second channel 31, while the second baffle 34 is also rotated to the second channel 31, coal dust and air entering the combustion head 1 through the first channel 36. When the load is rated, both the first baffle 35 and the second baffle 34 are turned to the first passage 31 so that the pulverized coal and air enter the combustion head 1 from the second passage 31.

As shown in fig. 1, the primary concentrator is a cyclone 38. The pulverized coal is separated from air by the cyclone separator 38, and the separated air is discharged through the ventilation air duct 32 to increase the concentration of the pulverized coal, thereby enabling the combustion head 1 to stably burn.

As shown in fig. 1, the combustion head 1 comprises a primary air duct 11, an oil gun 12 is axially arranged in the primary air duct 11, and the ignition end of the oil gun 12 extends to the nozzle end of the combustion head 1; a secondary concentrator 13 is arranged outside the ignition end of the oil gun 12; a pulverized coal equalizer 14 installed in the primary air duct 11 and capable of uniformly distributing pulverized coal in the primary air duct 11; the direct current secondary air duct 15 is arranged outside the primary air duct 11, and the rotational flow secondary air duct 16 is arranged outside the direct current secondary air duct 15.

In this embodiment, the primary air duct 11 has a cylindrical structure, the exhaust end of the primary air duct 11 is provided with a flame stabilizing ring 19, flame stabilizing teeth 110 are radially arranged along the primary air duct near the flame stabilizing ring 19, the secondary air duct 15 has a cylindrical structure arranged outside the primary air duct 11, the exhaust end of the secondary air duct 15 is provided with a guide cylinder 18 with ribs, the guide cylinder 18 corresponds to the flame stabilizing ring 19 in position, and the axial section of the pulverized coal equalizer 14 has a trapezoid structure.

In this embodiment, the primary air duct 11 and the secondary air duct 16 are both internally provided with an air duct adjusting plate 17 for adjusting the air flow, and an adjusting gap for adjusting the air flow is arranged between the air duct adjusting plate 17 and the corresponding air duct, and the adjusting gap is adjusted to adjust the air flow in the primary air duct 11 or the secondary air duct 16.

As shown in fig. 1, the secondary concentrator 13 is a concentrator having a trapezoid axial cross section.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 3, unlike in embodiment 1, the primary concentrator is a swirl vane concentrator 33.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 4, unlike in embodiment 1, the first-stage concentrator is an elbow-type concentrator 37. One end of the elbow type concentrator 37 is connected with the air inlet of the ventilation pipeline 32, the other end is bent to the air inlet end, and the elbow type concentrator 37 is bent to the outer side of the ventilation pipeline 32. The first channel 36 further includes a bending portion 361, and the bending portion 361 is consistent with the bending angle and the bending direction of the elbow concentrator 37.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; may be a communication between two elements or an interaction between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature is "on" or "under" a second feature, which may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or in indirect contact with the first and second features via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicate that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level lower than the second feature.

In the description of the present specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "particular examples," or "some examples," etc., refer to particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example as being included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

While embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and that alterations, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made in the above embodiments by those skilled in the art within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A pulverized coal burner, comprising:

a combustion head (1) for concentrating and burning coal fines;

at least two channels for selectively supplying pulverized coal to the combustion head (1), wherein at least one channel is communicated with a primary concentrator for concentrating pulverized coal in air and a ventilation pipeline (32) for collecting air concentrated by the primary concentrator.

2. The pulverized coal burner as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that an adjusting plate (321) for adjusting the exhaust gas quantity of the ventilation duct (32) is installed in the ventilation duct (32).

3. The pulverized coal burner as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the at least two channels are connected in parallel, the exhaust ends of the at least two channels being in communication with the intake end of the burner head (1), the intake ends of the at least two channels being in communication with each other.

4. A pulverized coal burner as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that said channels are two, a first channel (36) and a second channel (31), respectively, said primary concentrator and ventilation duct (32) being in communication with said first channel (36).

5. The pulverized coal burner as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the air inlet ends of the first channel (36) and the second channel (31) are communicated through a first connecting port, and a first baffle (35) capable of selectively blocking the pulverized coal from entering the first channel (36) or the second channel (31) is arranged in the first connecting port;

the exhaust ends of the first channel (36) and the second channel (31) are communicated through a second connecting port, and a second baffle (34) capable of selectively blocking coal dust from being discharged from the first channel (36) or the second channel (31) is arranged in the second connecting port.

6. The pulverized coal burner as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the primary concentrator is a cyclone separator (38).

7. The pulverized coal burner as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the primary concentrator is a swirl vane concentrator (33).

8. A pulverized coal burner as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the primary concentrator is an elbow concentrator (37).

9. The pulverized coal burner as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the combustion head (1) comprises a primary air duct (11), an oil gun (12), a secondary concentrator (13), a pulverized coal equalizer (14), a direct current secondary air duct (15) and a rotational flow secondary air duct (16);

the primary air duct (11) is internally provided with the oil gun (12) along the axial direction, and the ignition end of the oil gun (12) extends to the nozzle end of the combustion head (1);

the secondary concentrator (13) is arranged on the outer side of the ignition end of the oil gun (12);

the pulverized coal flow equalizer (14) is arranged in the primary air duct (11) and can uniformly distribute pulverized coal in the primary air duct (11);

the direct current secondary air channel (15) is arranged on the outer side of the primary air channel (11), and the rotational flow secondary air channel (16) is arranged on the outer side of the direct current secondary air channel (15).

10. A pulverized coal burner as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the secondary concentrator (13) is a concentrator with a trapezoidal axial cross section.