CN201145271Y - Third-order coal-powder combustor - Google Patents
Third-order coal-powder combustor Download PDFInfo
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- CN201145271Y CN201145271Y CNU2007200612094U CN200720061209U CN201145271Y CN 201145271 Y CN201145271 Y CN 201145271Y CN U2007200612094 U CNU2007200612094 U CN U2007200612094U CN 200720061209 U CN200720061209 U CN 200720061209U CN 201145271 Y CN201145271 Y CN 201145271Y
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a three-stage pulverized coal burner. The three-stage pulverized coal burner comprises a mixed channel for conveying pulverized coal and primary air, a combustion stabilizing chamber connected with the tail of the mixed channel and an ignition device which is extended on the inlet end of the combustion stabilizing chamber, wherein, the combustion stabilizing chamber comprises a first stage combustion stabilizing chamber, a second stage combustion stabilizing chamber and a third stage combustion stabilizing chamber which are lengthways arranged and respectively have a cylindrical structure; and the radial dimension of the second stage combustion stabilizing chamber is more than the radial dimensions of the first stage combustion stabilizing chamber and the third stage combustion stabilizing chamber. The combustion stabilizing chamber body of the utility model has a ladder-type structure and strong combustion stabilizing performance, adopts a multistage air supply cyclone burning mode and has high burning efficiency and low NOx discharge amount.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of burner, especially relates to a kind of coal burner.
Background technology
It is the country of main fuel with the coal that China is one, and this situation can not develop the variation of essence in significant period of time from now on.Coal accounts for about 70% of China's energy aggregate demand at present, low-volatile coal in coal resources in China (as anthracite, meager coal etc.) and colm account for very big proportion, in the use of these coals, there are some problems, the one, boiler-burner is for the bad adaptability of ature of coal and load variations, and when the boiler heavy-duty service, coking is more serious in the stove, and when boiler at low load moves, burning is difficult to again stablize, and burnout rate is low, causes the waste of the energy and the pollution of environment; The 2nd, the coal dust particle that does not burn produces wall cling phenomenon to the burner inner wall face, thereby produces coking and high temperature corrosion phenomenon, greatly reduces the service life of burner; The 3rd, coal burner will produce a large amount of NO in combustion process
x, environment is caused huge pollution.
A kind of radially deep or light vortex burner that is disclosed for No. 93244359.1 as Chinese patent CN, it comprises a thick coal culm passage, thin powdered coal passage and a secondary air channel road with annulus with annulus, in the annulus in secondary air channel road cyclone is installed, the inlet of thick coal culm passage is by the thick coal culm exit passageway of carrier pipe and pulverized coal concentrator, its outlet is communicated with burner hearth by nozzles, the inlet of pulverized coal concentrator connects the air channel one time, the inlet in secondary air channel road is communicated with secondary air duct, its outlet is communicated with burner hearth, it is characterized in that the thick coal culm passage, thin powdered coal passage and secondary air channel road are arranged in order from inside to outside, in the annulus of thin powdered coal passage cyclone are installed.But the coal dust wearing and tearing of this radially deep or light vortex burner central tube are very big, need frequent replace tubes, and pulverized coal concentrator when load variations is big stifled powder phenomenon takes place easily.
A kind of coal burner of being disclosed for No. 98117424.8 of Chinese patent CN and for example, it comprises a coal nozzle that sprays a coal dust and a wind mixture, an overfire air jet and a tertiary air nozzle, they are around neighboring coaxial arrangement and the pipeline expansion at the end of the partition wall of the air nozzle of separating two vicinities of coal nozzle; The mobile converting means of secondary wind in the conversion overfire air jet is set, so that secondary wind is flowed along the pipeline expansion.Secondary wind is because guide plate sprays secondary wind, tertiary air and coal dust Mixed Delay, consequent NO outwardly
xAmount reduce.Though this coal burner available energy reduces NO
xDischarge capacity, but poor for the adaptability of coal, surely combustion property is poor for the low-volatile coal that is difficult to catch fire and colm, and has the problem of coal nozzle serious wear equally.
At Environmental Protection in China require to improve constantly and China market on catch fire in a large number difficulty, steady combustion difficult, burn the actual conditions that more difficult low-volatile coal and colm can not effectively utilize, provide that a kind of coal adaptability is strong, load regulation range big, low NO
xThe coal burner of discharging, efficiency of combustion height and long service life becomes the problem that industry need solve.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide that a kind of low-load combustion-stabilizing ability is strong, coal adaptability good, efficiency of combustion is high, NO
xThe three rank coal burners that discharge capacity is low.
The technical solution of the utility model is achieved in that provides a kind of three rank coal burners, comprise the hybrid channel that is used for pulverized coal conveying and a wind, be connected in the stable burning room of hybrid channel afterbody, and extension is arranged at the igniter of stable burning room's arrival end, wherein, stable burning room comprises the first order stable burning cavity of vertical layout, second level stable burning cavity and third level stable burning cavity, first order stable burning cavity, second level stable burning cavity and third level stable burning cavity are cylinder-like structure, and the radial dimension of second level stable burning cavity is greater than the radial dimension of first order stable burning cavity and third level stable burning cavity.
Preferably, first order stable burning cavity, second level stable burning cavity and third level stable burning cavity are disposed generally on same the axial line.
More preferably, first order stable burning cavity tangentially is provided with two or more first order secondary air channels that are used for carrying first order secondary wind in first order stable burning cavity.Second level stable burning cavity tangentially is provided with two or more second level secondary air channels that are used for carrying second level secondary wind in the stable burning cavity of the second level.Third level stable burning cavity tangentially is provided with two or more third level secondary air channels that are used for carrying third level secondary wind in third level stable burning cavity.
Wherein, the radial dimension of third level stable burning cavity is greater than the radial dimension of first order stable burning cavity.Selectively, the radial dimension of second level stable burning cavity is 1.5 times to 3 times of first order stable burning cavity radial dimension, such as 1.8 times or 2 times; The radial dimension of third level stable burning cavity is 1 times to 1.5 times of first order stable burning cavity radial dimension, such as 1.2 or 1.3 times.
Selectively, the longitudinal size of second level stable burning cavity is 1 times to 2 times of first order stable burning cavity longitudinal size, such as 1.2 times or 1.5 times; The longitudinal size of third level stable burning cavity is 1 times to 2 times of first order stable burning cavity longitudinal size, such as 1.5 or 2 times.
Preferably, a tertiary air road is set further, the tertiary air road centers on the outer wall setting of stable burning room and extends to the port of export of stable burning room from the arrival end of stable burning room.More preferably, the afterbody in tertiary air road inwardly shrinks the formation conical section.
Preferably, hybrid channel and first order stable burning cavity junction are provided with turbulence blades.
Particularly, igniter comprises torch oil gun, and the end of torch oil gun extends the centre that is arranged on stable burning room's arrival end, and turbulence blades is around the torch oil gun setting.
The using method of the utility model three rank coal burners is as follows: (one), by hybrid channel pulverized coal conveying and wind accounting for coal dust completing combustion required air total amount 5%～15% in stable burning room; (2), in first order stable burning cavity, carry the first order secondary wind that accounts for coal dust completing combustion required air total amount 10%～20% by first order secondary air channel; (3), in the stable burning cavity of the second level, carry the second level secondary wind that accounts for coal dust completing combustion required air total amount 45%～55% by second level secondary air channel; (4), in third level stable burning cavity, carry the third level secondary wind that accounts for coal dust completing combustion required air total amount 20%～30% by third level secondary air channel; (5), starting ignition device igniting.Wherein, according to concrete needs, above-mentioned steps can carry out also can carrying out step by step synchronously, and the order that each step is carried out is not subjected to the above-mentioned restriction that puts in order.
Preferably, before entering stable burning room, coal dust and a wind mixture adopt turbulence blades to make coal dust and a wind mixture formation eddy flow.More preferably, this method further comprises in the tertiary air road and carries tertiary air.
In the utility model, the needed air of coal dust firing is divided into the Pyatyi air-supply, be respectively wind, first order secondary wind, second level secondary wind, third level secondary wind and tertiary air one time, wherein wind, first order secondary wind, second level secondary wind and a third level secondary wind are eddy flow wind, and one time wind is realized eddy flow by turbulence blades.First order secondary wind, second level secondary wind and third level secondary wind tangentially enter first order stable burning cavity, second level stable burning cavity and third level stable burning cavity respectively by first order secondary air channel, second level secondary air channel and third level secondary air channel and realize eddy flow.Wherein, the wind action of first order secondary is igniting combustion supporting, and second level secondary wind action is to realize that strong eddy flow surely fires, and the wind action of third level secondary is to make coal dust to burn.The tertiary air road is installed around burner outer wall, and the tertiary air in it is a direct current wind, its role is to cool burner outer wall on the one hand, regulates the shape that burner produces flame on the one hand.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: one, stable burning room's body is the notch cuttype structure, and surely combustion property is strong, and adopts air stage feeding swirl flow combustion mode, efficiency of combustion height, NO
xDischarge capacity is low.Two, by regulating each chamber air quantity, operation has extremely strong steady combustion ability to boiler at low load, because first order stable burning cavity, second level stable burning cavity and third level stable burning cavity are heat insulating construction, has surely combustion effect of good insulation, it is a good heat storage, also be a stable incendiary source, minimum load can transfer to below 1/3, has concurrently to catch fire and strengthen the dual-use function that burns; Avoid the generation of high-temperature coking phenomenon by controlling oxygen concentration in each stable burning cavity, can also suppress NO simultaneously
xGeneration; Three, be equipped with air-cooled chuck (that is, the tertiary air road) in the burner outer periphery, the tertiary air flow that can regulate air-cooled chuck as required prevents that the burner wall is overheated, to prevent high temperature corrosion; Four, at mechanical parts such as the inner no central tubes of burner heat transfer space, there is not tangible wear phenomenon to take place the service life of further having improved burner.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples; further specify the utility model; but the utility model is not limited to these embodiment, any on the utility model essence spirit improvement or substitute, still belong to scope required for protection in the utility model claims.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model coal burner.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Please refer to Fig. 1, coal burner of the present utility model comprises hybrid channel 1, is arranged at the turbulence blades 2 of hybrid channel afterbody, small-sized torch oil gun 3, first order stable burning cavity 4, first order secondary air channel 5, second level stable burning cavity 6, second level secondary air channel 7, third level stable burning cavity 8, third level secondary air channel 9, tertiary air road 10.Wherein, first order stable burning cavity 4, second level stable burning cavity 6 and third level stable burning cavity 8 are the cylinder-like structure that roughly is positioned on the same axial line, and first order stable burning cavity 4, second level stable burning cavity 6 and third level stable burning cavity 8 vertically distribute and form a stable burning room.
Wherein, the radial dimension of second level stable burning cavity 6 is greater than the radial dimension of third level stable burning cavity 8, and the radial dimension of third level stable burning cavity 8 is greater than the radial dimension of first order stable burning cavity 4.Particularly, the radial dimension of second level stable burning cavity 6 is about 2 times of first order stable burning cavity 4 radial dimensions; The radial dimension of third level stable burning cavity 8 is about 1.2 times of first order stable burning cavity 4 radial dimensions.
In addition, the longitudinal size of second level stable burning cavity 6 is about 1.2 times of first order stable burning cavity 4 longitudinal sizes; The longitudinal size of third level stable burning cavity 8 also is about 1.2 times of first order stable burning cavity 4 longitudinal sizes.
Wherein, the mixture of wind and coal dust enters first order stable burning cavity 4 by some turbulence blades 2 eddy flows in its hybrid channel 1 after, coal dust is lighted by torch oil gun 2 in first order stable burning cavity 4, in the incipient stage of coal powder ignition burning, only add part secondary wind, be first order secondary wind, first order secondary wind is sprayed at a high speed from first order stable burning cavity 4 tangential directions by first order secondary air channel 5, coal dust is under the first order secondary wind effect of rotation at a high speed, form the vortex region of fuel-rich combustion, coal dust is caught fire rapidly.Air-flow after catching fire enters second level stable burning cavity 6, under the secondary wind strong effect of the second level of high-speed rotational, forms the vortex at second level stable burning cavity four corners position, forms the localized hyperthermia district in the vortex, has extremely strong steady combustion effect.The high-temperature flue gas of rotation enters third level stable burning cavity 8 at a high speed, and third level stable burning cavity 8 is the burnt zone of coal dust, and third level secondary air channel 9 is installed in it, makes coal dust finish completing combustion here, reduces the phosphorus content of flying dust greatly.Around outer wall of combustion chamber tertiary air road 10 is installed, tertiary air is a direct current wind, and the shape that its effect is to regulate flame on the one hand can avoid combustion chamber wall surface overheated on the one hand, prevents high temperature corrosion.
Operation principle of the present utility model is: after the mixture of wind and coal dust entered first order stable burning cavity 4 by some turbulence blades 2 eddy flows, coal dust was lighted by torch oil gun 3 in first order stable burning cavity 4.Incipient stage in coal powder ignition burning only adds part secondary wind, i.e. first order secondary wind, and coal dust forms the vortex region of fuel-rich combustion under the first order secondary wind effect of rotation at a high speed, coal dust is caught fire rapidly.One time wind accounts for about 10% of the needed air of coal dust completing combustion, first order secondary wind accounts for about 15% of the required air of coal dust completing combustion, make near the entry of combustion chamber end coal dust the earliest ignition zone form strong reducing atmosphere, thereby effectively suppress fuel type NO
xGeneration.Air-flow after catching fire enters second level stable burning cavity, under the secondary wind strong effect of the second level of high-speed rotational, form the vortex at second level stable burning cavity 6 four corners positions, form the localized hyperthermia district in the vortex, have extremely strong steady combustion effect, by regulating air quantity, make stable burning cavity 6 inside in the second level be in the combustion with meagre oxygen state equally, excess air coefficient is less than 0.8, and temperature is no more than 1200 ℃, can further suppress heating power type NO
xGeneration, second level secondary wind accounts for the required air about 50% of coal dust completing combustion.The high-temperature flue gas of rotation enters third level stable burning cavity 8 at a high speed, and third level stable burning cavity 8 is the burnt zone of coal dust, and third level secondary air channel is installed in it, so that coal dust burns fully, reduces the phosphorus content of flying dust greatly here.Around the outer wall of combustion chamber tertiary air that flowing, tertiary air is a direct current wind, 10 ends are the shrinkage type conical section in the tertiary air road, its role is to make tertiary air to form one section wind channel ring, prevent the diffusing stream of tertiary air, can also control the shape of flame, to adapt to different boilers, the another one effect of tertiary air is the cooling combustion chamber outer wall.
Please refer to Fig. 2, as another kind of scheme of the present utility model, other parts are identical with embodiment 1, and difference is:
Do not adopt tertiary air road 10.The radial dimension of second level stable burning cavity 6 is about 1.5 times of first order stable burning cavity 4 radial dimensions; The radial dimension of third level stable burning cavity 8 is about 1.1 times of first order stable burning cavity 4 radial dimensions.The longitudinal size of second level stable burning cavity 6 is about 1.5 times of first order stable burning cavity 4 longitudinal sizes; The longitudinal size of third level stable burning cavity 8 also is about 1.5 times of first order stable burning cavity 4 longitudinal sizes.
One time wind accounts for 15% of coal dust completing combustion required air total amount.First order secondary wind accounts for 20% of coal dust completing combustion required air total amount.Second level secondary wind accounts for 40% of coal dust completing combustion required air total amount.Third level secondary wind accounts for 25% of coal dust completing combustion required air total amount.
As another kind of scheme of the present utility model, other parts are identical with embodiment 1, and difference is:
First order stable burning cavity 4 is provided with two first order secondary air channels 5, and second level stable burning cavity 6 is provided with four second level secondary air channels 7, and third level stable burning cavity 8 is provided with three third level secondary air channels 9.
The radial dimension of second level stable burning cavity 6 is about 1.5 times of first order stable burning cavity 4 radial dimensions; The radial dimension of third level stable burning cavity 8 is about 1.1 times of first order stable burning cavity 4 radial dimensions.The longitudinal size of second level stable burning cavity 6 is about 1.5 times of first order stable burning cavity 4 longitudinal sizes; The longitudinal size of third level stable burning cavity 8 also is about 1.5 times of first order stable burning cavity 4 longitudinal sizes.
One time wind accounts for 8% of coal dust completing combustion required air total amount.First order secondary wind accounts for 10% of coal dust completing combustion required air total amount.Second level secondary wind accounts for 60% of coal dust completing combustion required air total amount.Third level secondary wind accounts for 22% of coal dust completing combustion required air total amount.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of three rank coal burners, comprise the hybrid channel that is used for pulverized coal conveying and a wind, be connected in the stable burning room of described hybrid channel afterbody, and extension is arranged at the igniter of described stable burning room arrival end, it is characterized in that, described stable burning room comprises the first order stable burning cavity of vertical layout, second level stable burning cavity and third level stable burning cavity, described first order stable burning cavity, described second level stable burning cavity and described third level stable burning cavity are cylinder-like structure, and the radial dimension of described second level stable burning cavity is greater than the radial dimension of described first order stable burning cavity and described third level stable burning cavity.
2, three rank coal burners as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described first order stable burning cavity tangentially is provided with two or more first order secondary air channels that are used for carrying first order secondary wind in described first order stable burning cavity.
3, three rank coal burners as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described second level stable burning cavity tangentially is provided with two or more second level secondary air channels that are used for carrying second level secondary wind in the stable burning cavity of the described second level.
4, three rank coal burners as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described third level stable burning cavity tangentially is provided with two or more third level secondary air channels that are used for carrying third level secondary wind in described third level stable burning cavity.
5, as the described three rank coal burners of one of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that, the radial dimension of described second level stable burning cavity is 1.5 times to 3 times of described first order stable burning cavity radial dimension, and the radial dimension of described third level stable burning cavity is 1 times to 1.5 times of described first order stable burning cavity radial dimension.
6, as the described three rank coal burners of one of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that, the longitudinal size of described second level stable burning cavity is 1 times to 2 times of described first order stable burning cavity longitudinal size, and the longitudinal size of described third level stable burning cavity is 1 times to 2 times of described first order stable burning cavity longitudinal size.
7, as the described three rank coal burners of one of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that, a tertiary air road further is set, and described tertiary air road centers on the outer wall setting of described stable burning room and extends to the port of export of described stable burning room from the arrival end of described stable burning room.
8, three rank coal burners as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, the afterbody in described tertiary air road inwardly shrinks the formation conical section.
As the described three rank coal burners of one of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that 9, described hybrid channel and described first order stable burning cavity junction are provided with turbulence blades.
10, three rank coal burners as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that described igniter comprises torch oil gun, and the end of described torch oil gun extends the centre that is arranged on described stable burning room arrival end, and described turbulence blades is around described torch oil gun setting.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007200612094U CN201145271Y (en) | 2007-12-10 | 2007-12-10 | Third-order coal-powder combustor |
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| CNU2007200612094U CN201145271Y (en) | 2007-12-10 | 2007-12-10 | Third-order coal-powder combustor |
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| CN201145271Y true CN201145271Y (en) | 2008-11-05 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104896469A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-09-09 | 山东百川同创能源有限公司 | Process for preparing steam by combusting biomass solid waste and hazardous waste |
| CN105371301A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2016-03-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | Staged combustor of high-temperature jet flow ignition self-stabilization flame |
-
2007
- 2007-12-10 CN CNU2007200612094U patent/CN201145271Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104896469A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-09-09 | 山东百川同创能源有限公司 | Process for preparing steam by combusting biomass solid waste and hazardous waste |
| CN104896469B (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2018-09-25 | 山东百川同创能源有限公司 | A kind of biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste are burnt vapour technique processed |
| CN105371301A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2016-03-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | Staged combustor of high-temperature jet flow ignition self-stabilization flame |
| CN105371301B (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2017-12-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of high temp jet is lighted a fire from the fractional combustion room of steady flame |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20081105 Termination date: 20100111 |