CN208418734U - A kind of low-NOx combustor for natural gas and coal dust - Google Patents

A kind of low-NOx combustor for natural gas and coal dust Download PDF

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Publication number
CN208418734U
CN208418734U CN201820692910.4U CN201820692910U CN208418734U CN 208418734 U CN208418734 U CN 208418734U CN 201820692910 U CN201820692910 U CN 201820692910U CN 208418734 U CN208418734 U CN 208418734U
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
air
natural gas
sleeve
air sleeve
precombustion chamber
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Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201820692910.4U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王登辉
姚启
惠世恩
牛艳青
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Priority to CN201820692910.4U priority Critical patent/CN208418734U/en
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Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of low-NOx combustor for natural gas and coal dust, including central tube, the outside of central tube is successively cased with interior First air sleeve, inner second air sleeve, outer First air sleeve and outer second air sleeve;And central tube, interior First air sleeve, inner second air sleeve, outer First air sleeve and outer second air sleeve are connected to precombustion chamber;Central tube is internally provided with the high-energy igniter and gun body for protruding into precombustion chamber, and the igniting propeller connecting with high-energy igniter and gun body can push high-energy igniter and gun body in center in-pipe.The device natural gas that can individually burn perhaps coal dust or is mixed and burned above-mentioned fuel;Burner is enhanced to the adaptability of combustion material, the stability of natural gas and coal dust is improved, reduces the generation of NOx in its combustion process.

Description

A kind of low-NOx combustor for natural gas and coal dust
Technical field
The utility model belongs to Thermal Energy and Power Engineering technical field;It is related to a kind of turbulent burner;More particularly to one kind Low-NOx combustor for natural gas and coal dust.
Background technique
China is a few one of energy-consuming big country based on coal in the world, is that maximum coal is raw in the world It produces state and country of consumption, consumption of coal accounts for the 27% of world's consumption of coal.According to national statistics office data, coal accounts for China's energy and disappears Take 70% or so of total amount.However coal generates a large amount of NOx, SO in combustion2Equal corrosive gas and particulate matter, temperature Room gas is directly discharged to will cause the significant deterioration of atmospheric environment in air without stringent processing.Therefore, cleaning is greatly developed Energy technology becomes upgrading China's energy resource structure, pushes a vital task on China's progress road.
The nitrogen content and sulfur content of natural gas are very low, therefore the fuel NO of its burning generation and sulfide etc. Pollutant is far below the fossil fuels such as coal oil.According to 2035 world energy outlooks that BP company issues, natural gas conduct Clean energy resource is expected to become the fossil fuel most increased fastly.However, temperature is higher in combustion for natural gas, primary zone It is easily oxidized to NOx under interior nitrogen high temperature, generates thermal NO x and causes damages to environment.Therefore, combustion of natural gas is come It says, one of them key technology is to control thermal NO x discharge.
However, since coal changes gas policy execution, gas famine easily occurs for natural gas period of heating in winter.Therefore, by coal and day Right two kinds of fuel of gas are mixed and burned, and can effectively solve imeliness problem, are made using more flexible extensive.However, due to natural gas With coal dust as the two different fuel of gas-solid, combustion characteristics differs greatly, and current combustion device is only applicable to natural gas or coal Powder individually burns, and there is no be suitble to the burner of two kinds of fuel mixed stability burnings to occur.Meanwhile it needing to drop as far as possible in burning Low NOx drainage, in order to avoid cause environmental problem.
Utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of low-NOx combustor for natural gas and coal dust;The device can individually burn Natural gas perhaps coal dust or is mixed and burned above-mentioned fuel;Burner is enhanced to the adaptability of combustion material, is improved natural The stability of gas and coal dust reduces the generation of NOx in its combustion process.
The technical solution of the utility model is: a kind of low-NOx combustor for natural gas and coal dust, including central tube, The outside of central tube is successively cased with interior First air sleeve, inner second air sleeve, outer First air sleeve and outer second air sleeve;In and Heart pipe, interior First air sleeve, inner second air sleeve, outer First air sleeve and outer second air sleeve are connected to precombustion chamber;Center Pipe is internally provided with the high-energy igniter and gun body for protruding into precombustion chamber, the igniting propeller connecting with high-energy igniter and gun body High-energy igniter and gun body can be pushed in center in-pipe;Wherein the outside of precombustion chamber is provided with burnout degree sleeve, after-flame Circumferentially be symmetrically arranged in windband cylinder around direction it is multiple have burnout degree radial direction direct current spout, burnout degree barrel end is along axis side To offering burnout degree axial DC spout;Wherein the inner wall radian of precombustion chamber is 15 ° -25 °;Central tube is connect with precombustion chamber Exit is to contract, and converging angles are 15 ° -20 °;Circular passage between the interior First air sleeve and central tube and pre- The exit of combustion room connection is provided with the first adjustable radial baffle, is provided with hole on the first radially adjustable baffle.
The exit setting that circular passage between the outer First air sleeve and inner second air sleeve is connected to precombustion chamber There is the second adjustable radial baffle, is provided with hole on the second adjustable radial baffle.
Further, the utility model is also characterized by:
Wherein precombustion chamber is made of pre-burning room housing, and the inner wall of pre-burning room housing and the radian of outer wall are equal.
Wherein burnout degree sleeve lining is equal with the radian of precombustion chamber housing exterior walls.
Wherein the diameter ratio of burnout degree radial direction direct current spout and burnout degree axial DC spout is 1:1.5.
Wherein the circular passage between interior First air sleeve and central tube is for being passed through natural gas, and the circular passage along Become larger towards the orient diameter of precombustion chamber.
The exit that its annular passage is connected to precombustion chamber is provided with the first adjustable radial baffle, the first radially adjustable gear The hole for spraying natural gas is offered on plate.
Wherein the second tangential swirl blade is provided in the circular passage between inner second air sleeve and interior First air sleeve.
Circular passage between its China and foreign countries' First air sleeve and inner second air sleeve is for being passed through coal dust, and the circular passage The exit being connected to precombustion chamber is provided with the second adjustable radial baffle, is provided with hole on the second adjustable radial baffle.
Wherein the circular passage between outer second air sleeve and outer First air sleeve is provided with the first tangential swirl blade.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that typical case of the air classification as low NOx combusting technology It represents, combustion air is segmented by multistage air distribution and is sent into combustion zone, form fuel-rich regions and local reduction atmosphere, it can be with Obviously NOx is inhibited to generate in fuel combustion process.Meanwhile air classification technology can also be by control burning intake, to fit When reducing combustion of natural gas temperature, reduces thermal NO x and generate.Rational design of the utility model by burner, enhancing combustion Burner improves natural gas/coal dust firing stability and reduces in natural gas/process of coal combustion to the adaptability of combustion material NOx is generated, and is played the role of simplifying burner and is saved fuel cost.
Further, burnout degree radial direction direct current spout and burnout degree axial DC spout can prevent burner outlet knot Slag.
Further, by rationalization's burner structure, realize that natural gas/coal dust individually burns or multifuel combustion is stablized Property, while reducing NOx in combustion process and generating;The burner air supply mode be divided into interior First air, inner second air, outer First air, Outer second air and burnout degree;It therefore, can be for supply different fuel, in the case where being passed through burnout degree, by changing different wind The air-supply purposes in road, and then pre-burning room air is adjusted to the disturbance situation and ignition temperature of fuel, ensuring flameholding Avoid local temperature caused by due to excessive fuel excessively high while sufficiently, to reduce the generation of thermal NO x.For example, for Natural gas individually burns, and the circular passage between interior First air sleeve and central tube is selected to convey natural gas, other circular passages Air-supply;It individually burns for coal dust, selects the circular passage pulverized coal conveying between outer First air sleeve and inner second air sleeve, it is interior Secondary air passage and burnout degree air duct are blown, and outer First air and outer second air air duct are closed;For natural gas and coal dust multifuel combustion, choosing The circular passage conveying natural gas between interior First air sleeve and central tube is selected, between outer First air sleeve and inner second air sleeve Circular passage pulverized coal conveying, inner second air air duct, outer second air air duct and burnout degree air duct are blown;In this way, passing through burner Rationalization, strengthen burning device plays the role of simplifying burner and saves fuel cost to the adaptability of combustion material.
Further, when logical natural gas, the first adjustable radial baffle is put down, and natural gas is from the first adjustable radial baffle On hole in be passed through precombustion chamber;When logical coal dust, the second adjustable radial baffle is lifted, and coal dust enters precombustion chamber, is conducive to natural Gas mixes with air uniformly, improves efficiency of combustion and stability.Eddy flow inner second air inhales a large amount of high temperature from jet boundary volume simultaneously The smoke backflow of hypoxemia promotes NOx reduction in combustion process, it is raw to further decrease NOx so that reducing atmosphere is presented in primary zone At.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view in the direction A-A in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view in the direction B-B in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view in the direction C-C in Fig. 1.
In figure: 1 is high-energy igniter;2 be gun body;3 be igniting propeller;It is managed centered on 4;5 be interior First air sleeve;6 For interior First air entrance;7 be inner second air entrance;8 be outer First air entrance;9 be outer second air entrance;10 enter for burnout degree Mouthful;11 be pre-burning room housing;12 be precombustion chamber;13 be burnout degree sleeve;14 be burnout degree radial direction direct current spout;15 be burnout degree Axial DC spout;16 be the first adjustable radial baffle;17 be the second adjustable radial baffle;18 be outer second air sleeve;19 are First tangential swirl blade;20 be outer First air sleeve;21 be inner second air sleeve;22 be the second tangential swirl blade.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution of the utility model is further illustrated in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
The utility model provides a kind of low-NOx combustor for natural gas and coal dust, as shown in Figure 1, including center One end of pipe 4, central tube 4 is connected to precombustion chamber 12, and central tube 4 is internally provided with high-energy igniter 1 and gun body 2, and gun body 2 is Oil gun or gas gun, and high-energy igniter 1 and gun body 2 are connect with igniting propeller 3, igniting propeller 3 can push high energy Igniter 1 and gun body 2 move in central tube 1.
As shown in Figure 1, precombustion chamber 12 is made of pre-burning room housing 11, pre-burning room housing 11 surrounds inner and outer wall radian phase Deng precombustion chamber 12, and its radian be 15 ° -25 °;The outside of precombustion chamber 12 is provided with burnout degree sleeve 13, burnout degree sleeve 13 Inner wall radian it is equal with the outer wall radian of precombustion chamber 12.As shown in figs. 1 and 4, between burnout degree sleeve 13 and precombustion chamber 12 Circular passage is burnout degree air duct, and burnout degree entrance 10 is provided on burnout degree sleeve 13, and the end in burnout degree air duct is along axis Burnout degree axial DC spout 15 is offered on direction, is circumferentially symmetrically arranged with multiple connections in 13 around direction of burnout degree sleeve The burnout degree radial direction direct current spout 14 of precombustion chamber 12 and burnout degree air duct, and burnout degree radial direction direct current spout 14 and burnout degree are axial Direct current spout 15 is connected to precombustion chamber 12.
Preferably, the diameter ratio of burnout degree radial direction direct current spout 14 and burnout degree axial DC spout 15 is 1:1-1.5.
As shown in Figure 1, the outside of central tube 4 is successively arranged with interior First air sleeve 5, inner second air sleeve 21, outer primary Windband cylinder 20 and outer second air sleeve 18;Wherein the circular passage between interior First air sleeve 5 and central tube 4 is interior First air wind Road, circular passage between inner second air sleeve 21 and interior First air sleeve 5 are inner second air air duct, outer First air sleeve 20 with Circular passage between inner second air sleeve 21 is outer First air air duct, between outer second air sleeve 18 and outer First air sleeve 20 Circular passage be outer second air air duct.Wherein, interior First air air duct, inner second air air duct, outer First air air duct and outer secondary Wind air duct is connected to precombustion chamber 12.Wherein the interior First air being connected to interior First air air duct is provided on interior First air sleeve 5 Entrance 6 is provided with the inner second air entrance 7 being connected to inner second air air duct, outer First air sleeve 20 on inner second air sleeve 21 On be provided with the outer First air entrance 8 being connected to outer First air air duct, be provided with and outer second air wind on outer second air sleeve 18 The outer second air entrance 9 of road connection.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, the exit that is connected to precombustion chamber 12 of central tube 4 is to contract, and to the angle of contract Degree is 15 ° -20 °.
Preferably, as shown in figs. 1 and 4, the exit that an interior air duct is connected to precombustion chamber 12 is provided with the first diameter-adjustable To baffle 16;The exit that outer First air air duct is connected to precombustion chamber 12 is provided with the second adjustable radial baffle 17.Such as Fig. 4 institute Show, offers through-hole on the first adjustable radial baffle 16 and the second adjustable radial baffle 17.
As shown in Fig. 2, multiple second tangential swirl blades 22 are provided in inner second air sleeve 21, the multiple second tangential rotations Stream blade 22 is circumferential to be evenly distributed in inner second air air duct, and the second tangential swirl blade 22 is tilted to the left 50 ° -70 °.
Multiple first tangential swirl blades 19, the multiple first tangential rotations are provided in outer second air sleeve 18 as shown in Figure 3 Stream blade 19 is circumferential to be evenly distributed in outer second air air duct, and the first tangential swirl blade 19 is tilted to the left 50 ° -70 °.
The working principle of the utility model burner is: dividing in interior First air air duct and outer First air air duct in the burner First adjustable radial baffle 16 and the second adjustable radial baffle 17 are not set, the natural gas being passed through is scatter, is avoided Gas accumulation and cause partial combustion temperature excessively high, reduce thermal NO x generation.When the burner individually burns natural gas When, combustion adjuvant is used air as, theoretical temperature combustion can reach 2300 DEG C, and thermal NO x is the N in air2It is firing It makes a fire to aoxidize under the peak temperature of flame and be formed, it is very big to the dependence of temperature.When ignition temperature is more than 1500 DEG C, the every increase of temperature 100 DEG C, reaction speed will increase 6~7 times.Therefore, it when burning natural gas, control channel intake and air inlet to be distributed, protects It demonstrate,proves average combustion temperature in precombustion chamber and is lower than 1500 DEG C, and partial combustion temperature reduces as far as possible, to avoid combustion oxidation generation Thermal NO x.
The second tangential swirl blade 22 and the first tangential rotation are respectively arranged in inner second air air duct and outer second air air duct Blade 19 is flowed, inner second air and outer second air eddy flow can be made, while burnout degree is sent into from burnout degree entrance 10, and is pre- The burnout degree axial DC spout 15 opened up in combustion room housing 11 sprays into precombustion chamber 12, and precombustion chamber eddy flow spout 14 is along pre-burning 11 terminal edge of room housing is circumferentially opened up along axis, to make burnout degree eddy flow spray into precombustion chamber 12, to prevent burner Export slagging.
The course of work of the utility model is: firstly, inner second air, outer First air and outer second air are passed through interior two respectively Secondary wind entrance 7, outer First air entrance 8 and outer second air entrance 9 are passed through.Inner second air flows in interior secondary air passage, and outer one Secondary wind flows in outer First air air duct, and outer second air flows in outer secondary air passage, and enters in precombustion chamber 12, to pre-burning The progress of room 12 1 minute or more purging.
Then igniting propeller 3 is moved forwards, high-energy igniter 1 and gun body 2 is sent to specified ignition location.High energy Igniter 1 works, and lights the fuel of the outlet of gun body 2.For the mixed combustion operating condition of natural gas, coal dust or both, the side for using wind is adjusted Formula is as follows: individually burn for natural gas, select in First air air duct convey natural gas, select inner second air air duct, outer secondary Wind air duct and burnout degree air duct are blown;Individually burn for coal dust, select in First air air duct lead to coal dust, inner second air air duct with The air-supply of burnout degree air duct, outer First air air duct and the closing of outer second air air duct;For natural gas and coal dust multifuel combustion, select interior primary Wind air duct conveys natural gas, and outer First air air duct pulverized coal conveying, inner second air air duct, outer second air air duct and burnout degree air duct are sent Wind;In this way, the first adjustable radial baffle 16 in interior First air air duct and the second adjustable radial baffle in outer First air air duct 17 scatter the natural gas being passed through, and avoid gas accumulation and cause partial combustion temperature excessively high, can effectively reduce heating power type The generation of NOx.It is tangential that the first tangential swirl blade 19 and second is respectively arranged in inner second air air duct and outer second air air duct Swirl vane 22, the swirl secondary air volume generated inhales high ambient temperatures flue gas, thus the high-temperature flue gas stablizing burning, while flowing back Middle oxygen content is lower, further reduced the generation of NOx.
For the natural gas that individually burns, natural gas is sent into outer First air entrance 8 by interior First air entrance 6;For independent Combusting coal fines are sent into natural gas by outer First air entrance 8;For natural gas and coal dust mixed combustion, day is sent by interior First air entrance 6 Right gas is sent into coal dust by outer First air entrance 8.
Burnout degree is sent by burnout degree entrance 10, is flowed in burnout degree air duct, and by opening up in pre-burning room housing 11 Burnout degree radial direction direct current spout 14 and burnout degree axial DC spout 15 spray into precombustion chamber 12.Burnout degree axial DC spout 15 makes Burnout degree direct current sprays into precombustion chamber 12, prevents burner outlet slagging burnout degree radial direction direct current spout 14 along precombustion chamber outlet axes Direction circumferentially symmetrically opens up, number 20.In this way, after-flame wind energy supplemental oxygen makes full combustion of fuel.
After 12 flameholding of precombustion chamber, igniting propeller 3 is acted, and high-energy igniter 1 and gun body 2 are retracted central tube 4 It is interior, to prolong its service life.
The application method of the utility model is:
When individually burning natural gas, natural gas is sent by interior First air entrance 6 and outer primary air nozzle 8, the first diameter-adjustable It is closed downwards to baffle 16, closure, natural gas spray the second adjustable radial baffle 17 from the hole on two radial baffles downwards Out;Inner second air is sent by inner second air entrance 7, and is flowed in interior secondary air passage;Outer second air is by outer second air entrance 9 It is sent into, and is flowed in outer secondary air passage;Burnout degree is sent by burnout degree entrance 10, and is flowed in burnout degree air duct.
When independent combusting coal fines, coal dust is sent by interior First air entrance 6, and is flowed in interior First air air duct, first Adjustable radial baffle 16 is lifted up;Inner second air is sent by inner second air entrance 7, and is flowed in interior secondary air passage;Outside First air entrance 8 and the closing of outer second air entrance 9 do not have to;Burnout degree is sent by burnout degree entrance 10, and in burnout degree air duct Flowing.
When natural gas and coal dust multifuel combustion, natural gas is sent by interior First air entrance 6, and is flowed in interior First air air duct Dynamic, closure, natural gas jet stream from the hole on the first adjustable radial baffle 16 spray the first adjustable radial baffle 16 downwards;Interior two Secondary wind is sent by inner second air entrance 7, and is flowed in interior secondary air passage;Coal dust is sent by outer First air entrance 8, and outside It is flowed in First air air duct, the second adjustable radial baffle 17 is lifted up;Outer second air is sent by outer second air entrance 9, and It is flowed in outer second air air duct;Burnout degree is sent by burnout degree entrance 10, and is flowed in burnout degree air duct.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of low-NOx combustor for natural gas and coal dust, which is characterized in that including central tube (4), central tube (4) Outside is successively cased with interior First air sleeve (5), inner second air sleeve (21), outer First air sleeve (20) and outer second air sleeve (18);And central tube (4), interior First air sleeve (5), inner second air sleeve (21), outer First air sleeve (20) and outer second air Sleeve (18) is connected to precombustion chamber (12);
The central tube (4) is internally provided with the high-energy igniter (1) and gun body (2) for protruding into precombustion chamber (12), with high energy point Firearm (1) and the igniting propeller (3) of gun body (2) connection can push high-energy igniter (1) and gun body (2) in central tube (4) Interior movement;
The outside of the precombustion chamber (12) is provided with burnout degree sleeve (13), circumferential symmetrical in burnout degree sleeve (13) around direction Be provided with it is multiple have burnout degree radial direction direct current spout (14), burnout degree sleeve (13) end offers after-flame wind axis in the axial direction To direct current spout (15);Wherein the inner wall radian of precombustion chamber (12) is 15 ° -25 °;
The exit that the central tube (4) connect with precombustion chamber (12) is to contract, and converging angles are 15 ° -20 °;
The exit setting that circular passage between the interior First air sleeve (5) and central tube (4) is connected to precombustion chamber (12) There is the first adjustable radial baffle (16), is provided with hole on the first radially adjustable baffle (16);
What the circular passage between the outer First air sleeve (20) and inner second air sleeve (21) was connected to precombustion chamber (12) goes out It is provided with the second adjustable radial baffle (17) at mouthful, is provided with hole on the second adjustable radial baffle (17).
2. the low-NOx combustor according to claim 1 for natural gas and coal dust, which is characterized in that the precombustion chamber (12) it is made of pre-burning room housing (11), the inner wall of pre-burning room housing (11) is equal with the radian of outer wall.
3. the low-NOx combustor according to claim 2 for natural gas and coal dust, which is characterized in that the burnout degree Sleeve (13) inner wall is equal with the radian of pre-burning room housing (11) outer wall.
4. the low-NOx combustor for natural gas and coal dust according to claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that The diameter ratio of the burnout degree radial direction direct current spout (14) and burnout degree axial DC spout (15) is 1:1.5.
5. the low-NOx combustor according to claim 1 for natural gas and coal dust, which is characterized in that described interior primary Circular passage between windband cylinder (5) and central tube (4) is for being passed through natural gas, and the circular passage is along towards precombustion chamber (12) orient diameter becomes larger.
6. the low-NOx combustor according to claim 1 for natural gas and coal dust, which is characterized in that described interior secondary The second tangential swirl blade (22) is provided in circular passage between windband cylinder (21) and interior First air sleeve (5).
7. the low-NOx combustor according to claim 1 for natural gas and coal dust, which is characterized in that described outer secondary Circular passage between windband cylinder (18) and outer First air sleeve (20) is provided with the first tangential swirl blade (19).
CN201820692910.4U 2018-05-10 2018-05-10 A kind of low-NOx combustor for natural gas and coal dust Expired - Fee Related CN208418734U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108397774A (en) * 2018-05-10 2018-08-14 西安交通大学 It is a kind of to be used for natural gas and the coal dust individually burner of burning or multifuel combustion
CN112594689A (en) * 2020-12-15 2021-04-02 北京理工大学 High-temperature high-speed stable combustion method and device based on multistage jet flow and rotational flow

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108397774A (en) * 2018-05-10 2018-08-14 西安交通大学 It is a kind of to be used for natural gas and the coal dust individually burner of burning or multifuel combustion
CN108397774B (en) * 2018-05-10 2024-05-24 西安交通大学 Burner for independent combustion or mixed combustion of natural gas and pulverized coal
CN112594689A (en) * 2020-12-15 2021-04-02 北京理工大学 High-temperature high-speed stable combustion method and device based on multistage jet flow and rotational flow
CN112594689B (en) * 2020-12-15 2021-11-05 北京理工大学 High-temperature high-speed stable combustion method and device based on multistage jet flow and rotational flow

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