CN109708106A - A kind of straight-through pulverized coal burner - Google Patents

A kind of straight-through pulverized coal burner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109708106A
CN109708106A CN201811557802.7A CN201811557802A CN109708106A CN 109708106 A CN109708106 A CN 109708106A CN 201811557802 A CN201811557802 A CN 201811557802A CN 109708106 A CN109708106 A CN 109708106A
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China
Prior art keywords
coal
primary air
air piping
culm
thin powdered
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CN201811557802.7A
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CN109708106B (en
Inventor
李红兵
杨章宁
冉燊铭
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Dongfang Boiler Group Co Ltd
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Dongfang Boiler Group Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of straight-through pulverized coal burners, including shell, pulverized coal concentrator, the thick coal culm primary air piping being connected is exported with the thick coal culm of pulverized coal concentrator, it is around in thick coal culm primary air piping partially circumferentially outer thin powdered coal primary air piping, secondary air channel, secondary air channel and thin powdered coal primary air piping in circumferentially opposed setting and are around in thick coal culm primary air piping rest part week outward, secondary air channel is located at the back-fire side of thick coal culm primary air piping, thick coal culm primary air piping spout end and thin powdered coal primary air piping spout end are arranged in spaced radial, thick coal culm primary air piping spout end and thin powdered coal primary air piping spout end are at the rear for being axially respectively positioned on secondary air channel spout end;The present invention can not only greatly improve itself steady combustion ability, efficiency of combustion and anti-coking ability, solve the contradiction of kindling steady combustion and flame undershoot ability, NOx emission can also be reduced, have the advantages that coal quality wide adaptation range, meet the needs of boiler for deeply peak regulation and burning low grade coal.

Description

A kind of straight-through pulverized coal burner
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of straight-through pulverized coal burners, especially for the straight-through pulverized coal burner on W flame boiler.
Background technique
As China's wind-powered electricity generation, photoelectricity installed capacity increase, peak period power grid digestion capability is insufficient, and light limit is abandoned in recent abandonment It is electric serious.For consumption new energy, higher depth peak modulation capacity requirement is proposed to fired power generating unit, and depth peak modulation capacity is general Minimum load depending on unit.For boiler combustion system, it is important to improve boiler low load stable combustion ability, therefore want Boiler low load stable combustion ability is continuously improved.
The energy resources feature in China's " rich coal, oil starvation, few gas ", so that China is interior still based on coal for quite a long time, Be also required to more efficient science utilizes coal resources.The cascade utilization of coal is the side of China's energy conversion Land use systems at present To based on being pyrolyzed, gasify, low volatile " carbon residue coal " is as high-grade clean fuel combustion power generation after pyrolysis.But " carbon residue There are the features such as kindling is difficult, burn-up efficiency is low, NOx emission is higher in coal " combustion process.In addition with the market of coal and electric power Change, various different types of coal supply-demand relationships are in fluctuation, and each power plant is to reduce cost of electricity-generating, and power plant always constantly looks for economic coal Kind, this results in most power plant it is difficult to ensure that using single design coal for a long time, mentions to the coal adaptability of combustion apparatus Higher requirement out.
W flame boiler is a kind of special chamber structure boiler for low-volatite coal, has stronger steady combustion ability.But , more or less there is the following problem: 1) surely firing ability in the existing various straight-through pulverized coal burners applied to W flame boiler Turning too early with flame, there are burner hearths to utilize insufficient contradiction, and flame is turned too early to be caused under efficiency of combustion reduction and burnout degree Square NOx reduction space reduces, and NOx emission is caused to increase;2) First air kindling with Secondary Air be mixed into opportunity with a Secondary Air transport Speed when row etc. is related, it is difficult to which accurately adjustment control, it is unfavorable to steady combustion and reduction NOx emission too early that Secondary Air is mixed into, and is mixed into Too late cannot immediately air needed for aftercombustion it is equally unfavorable to steady combustion and after-flame etc.;3) the steady combustion ability of burner itself is not dashed forward Out, it maintains high-temperature region (laying more wall with refractory lining, refracto) surely to fire mainly by boiler lower hearth, the easy coking of burner hearth and NOx higher etc. is caused to ask Topic.Because coal quality and boiler structure reason W flame boiler are higher compared to the NOx emission concentration value of other type of furnaces, in order to meet more Carry out stringenter minimum discharge requirement, many power plant's W flame boilers are planned to change burning one after another or mix burning bituminous coal, but for control fuel at This usually needs burning low grade coal again, and the coal type change adaptability of existing combustion apparatus is caused to be difficult to meet the requirements.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to the above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of straight-through pulverized coal burner is provided, it can not only Itself steady combustion ability, efficiency of combustion and anti-coking ability are greatly improved, solves the contradiction of kindling steady combustion and flame undershoot ability, also NOx emission can be reduced, and ignition point is adjustable, have the advantages that coal quality wide adaptation range, meet boiler for deeply peak regulation and burnt bad The demand of matter coal.
In order to achieve the above object, a kind of straight-through pulverized coal burner of the invention, the coal dust including shell, in shell Inspissator, it is characterised in that further include the thick coal culm primary air piping being connected with the outlet of the thick coal culm of pulverized coal concentrator, be around in dense coal Powder primary air piping partially circumferentially outer thin powdered coal primary air piping, the secondary air channel being connected with shell, secondary air channel and thin powdered coal one Secondary air hose is in circumferentially opposed setting and is around in thick coal culm primary air piping rest part week outward, and it is primary that secondary air channel is located at thick coal culm The back-fire side of air hose, thick coal culm primary air piping spout end and thin powdered coal primary air piping spout end are arranged in spaced radial, the two it Between form reflux cavity, thick coal culm primary air piping spout end and thin powdered coal primary air piping spout end are axially being respectively positioned on secondary air channel The rear at spout end;
In use, after the First air containing coal dust passes through pulverized coal concentrator, respectively from thick coal culm primary air piping and thin powdered coal First air Pipe sprays, and Secondary Air is sprayed through secondary air channel, mixes, burns in burner hearth;Since a dense wind snout is located at burner centre, Light first nozzle is located in burner outermost circumferential direction, one fan annular return space of formation between two strands of air-flows, and deep or light two strands The adherent flowing respectively in sector reflux cavity of First air breeze airflow, the annular region among two strands of air-flows generates biggish Negative pressure, can be by the hot fume in burner hearth because rolling up suction effect, flowing back into fan annular return cavity and heated simultaneously to two strands of air-flows It can make its initial burning before spraying into burner hearth that can increase substantially in addition not mixing at this time with Secondary Air also in underload and combustion Steady combustion ability when burning inferior coal;Overfire air port is located at dense First air back-fire side at fan annular, from back-fire side gradually to reflux The breeze airflow gradually aftercombustion air of the kindling of part of cavity outlet, does not only hinder high temperature gases recirculating to back cavity Guarantee steady combustion in vivo, Secondary Air has biggish momentum together with First air, and it is insufficient to solve W flame boiler flame undershoot momentum Problem plays and improves burner outlet entirety air-flow rigidity, prevents the effects of boiler water wall coking, gradually mixes along flame travel The Secondary Air entered forms the staged air distribution of burner internal, also helps reduction NOx emission;Breeze airflow kindling is in advance and whole Air-flow rigidity reinforced extends burning time of the breeze airflow in burner hearth, is conducive to improve efficiency of combustion;
As a further improvement of the present invention, the thin powdered coal primary air piping entrance is tapered taper;It can prevent through deep or light Light primary air velocity after separation is relatively low, further increases light First air air-flow to the reflux capability of high-temperature flue gas and prevents burner Export coking ability;
As a further improvement of the present invention, the thin powdered coal primary air piping circumferentially around angle be greater than secondary air channel in week To the angle surrounded;The proportion needs of primary and secondary air can be met;
As a further improvement of the present invention, air door is equipped in the entrance of secondary air channel;It can carry out air quantity adjusting;
As a further improvement of the present invention, the thick coal culm primary air piping spout end and thin powdered coal primary air piping spout end rear Reflux cavity be connected with accessory channel, valve is equipped in accessory channel, orifice plate is equipped in back cavity body;Usual situation lower valve Door is in close state, to guarantee the normal work of burner;It can also be by the aperture of control valve to fan annular return cavity In amount as needed be passed through Secondary Air or the combustion adjuvants such as inertia furnace cigarette or suitable pure oxygen, returned for adjusting high-temperature flue gas in burner hearth The size for flowing to the amount of reflux cavity, adjusts the intracorporal temperature of back cavity, the adjusting of ignition point is carried out, suitable for different coals Matter meets the needs of boiler for deeply peak regulation and burning low grade coal;Orifice plate can guarantee what Secondary Air or inertia furnace cigarette or pure oxygen were sent into Uniformity;
As a further improvement of the present invention, the thin powdered coal primary air piping spout end is equipped with several sprays being spaced in the circumferential Mouthful;To realize that more thermal flue gas backs flow in reflux cavity;
As a further improvement of the present invention, bluff body is equipped in secondary air channel spout end;Primary and secondary air is appropriately extended Mixing;
As a further improvement of the present invention, the periphery in the corresponding shell of thin powdered coal primary air piping is provided with circumference Air hose;By being passed through suitable Secondary Air in circumference air hose, it can protect, cool down burner nozzle;
As a further improvement of the present invention, thermocouple is equipped in back cavity body;It is intracorporal by thermocouple measurement back cavity Temperature, and the size of controlling opening of valve can control the temperature of different burning coals in suitable range;
In conclusion the present invention can not only greatly improve itself steady combustion ability, efficiency of combustion and anti-coking ability, it is steady to solve kindling The contradiction of combustion and flame undershoot ability, can also reduce NOx emission, and ignition point is adjustable, have the advantages that coal quality wide adaptation range, Meets the needs of boiler for deeply peak regulation and burning low grade coal.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the C-C cross-sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the B-B cross-sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the bottom view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is arrangement schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention on W flame boiler.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of straight-through pulverized coal burner of the embodiment, pulverized coal concentrator 2 and coal including shell 1, in shell 1 Thick coal culm primary air piping 3 that the thick coal culm outlet of powder inspissator 2 is connected, to be around in thick coal culm primary air piping 3 partially circumferentially outer light Coal dust primary air piping 4, the secondary air channel 5 being connected with shell 1,4 entrance of thin powdered coal primary air piping are tapered taper, thin powdered coal In 4 spout end of primary air piping by interval cavity 15 be equipped with several spouts 13 being spaced in the circumferential, pulverized coal concentrator 2 it is light Discharge forms thin powdered coal between thin powdered coal primary air piping 4 and shell 1 between thin powdered coal primary air piping 4 and shell 1 First air channel;Secondary air channel 5 and thin powdered coal primary air piping 4 circumferentially opposed setting and be around in thick coal culm primary air piping 3 remaining It is partially circumferentially outer, thin powdered coal primary air piping 4 circumferentially around angle account for about the 2/3 of circumference, secondary air channel 5 circumferentially around Angle accounts for about the 1/3 of circumference, and air door 7 is equipped in the entrance of secondary air channel 5, is equipped with bluff body 11 in 5 spout end of secondary air channel; As shown in fig. 6, secondary air channel 5 is located at the back-fire side (side i.e. far from 16 center of burner hearth) of thick coal culm primary air piping 3, thick coal culm 3 spout end of primary air piping and 4 spout end of thin powdered coal primary air piping are arranged in spaced radial, form reflux cavity 6 therebetween, Interior thermocouple 12,3 spout end of thick coal culm primary air piping and the 4 spout end of thin powdered coal primary air piping of being equipped with of the cavity 6 that flows back is axial equal Positioned at the rear at 5 spout end of secondary air channel, 3 spout end of thick coal culm primary air piping and 4 spout end of thin powdered coal primary air piping are in axial direction Can be concordant or not concordant according to specific coal quality and concentration conditions, there is different kindling initial times;Secondary air channel 5 and shell 1 Outlet it is concordant;The reflux cavity 6 and auxiliary at 4 spout end rear of 3 spout end of thick coal culm primary air piping and thin powdered coal primary air piping Channel 8 is connected, and valve 9 is equipped in accessory channel 8, is equipped with orifice plate 10 in reflux cavity 6;It is corresponding in thin powdered coal primary air piping 4 The periphery of shell 1 be provided with circumference air hose 14;
In use, after the First air containing coal dust enters 1 arrival end of shell, passes through pulverized coal concentrator 2, thick coal culm First air and light coal Thin powdered coal First air channel of the powder First air respectively out of thick coal culm primary air piping 3 with 4 outside of thin powdered coal primary air piping sprays, greatly Part Secondary Air is sprayed through secondary air channel 5, is mixed, is burnt in burner hearth, a small amount of Secondary Air is sprayed through circumference air hose 13;Due to A dense wind snout is located at burner centre, and light first nozzle is located in burner outermost circumferential direction, is formed between two strands of air-flows One fan annular return space, deep or light two strands of First air breeze airflows adherent flowing respectively in sector reflux cavity, to reflux Air-flow has very strong Involving velocity in cavity 6, generates biggish negative pressure, can roll up the hot fume in burner hearth and inhale, flows back into Two strands of breeze airflows heat in fan annular return cavity and its initial burning before spraying into burner hearth can be made, due to thick coal culm 3 spout end of primary air piping and 4 spout end of thin powdered coal primary air piping are at the rear for being axially respectively positioned on 5 spout end of secondary air channel, at this time It is not mixed with Secondary Air also, the kindling in underload and burning low grade coal can be increased substantially and surely fire ability;Overfire air port It is located at dense First air back-fire side at fan annular, the breeze airflow of the kindling of part gradually exported from back-fire side to reflux cavity 6 Gradually aftercombustion air does not hinder not only to guarantee steady combustion, Secondary Air and First air one in high temperature gases recirculating to reflux cavity 6 Rising has biggish momentum, solves the problems, such as that W flame boiler flame undershoot momentum is insufficient, plays and improves burner outlet integrally gas Stream rigidity prevents the effects of boiler water wall coking, and along flame travel, gradually mixed Secondary Air forms dividing for burner internal Level air-distribution also helps reduction NOx emission;Breeze airflow kindling shifts to an earlier date and whole air-flow rigidity reinforced, extends breeze airflow Burning time in burner hearth is conducive to improve efficiency of combustion;
4 entrance of thin powdered coal primary air piping is tapered taper, the light primary air velocity after air-coal separating can be prevented relatively low, into one Step improves light First air air-flow to the reflux capability of high-temperature flue gas and prevents burner outlet coking ability;Usual situation lower valve 9 are in close state, to guarantee the normal work of burner;It can also be by the aperture of control valve 9 to fan annular return cavity 6 In amount as needed be passed through a small amount of Secondary Air or the combustion adjuvants such as inertia furnace cigarette or suitable pure oxygen, for adjusting high temperature cigarette in burner hearth Gas flows back into the size of the amount of reflux cavity, and the temperature in adjustment reflux cavity 6 carries out the adjusting of ignition point, or be suitable for not Same coal quality, meets the needs of boiler for deeply peak regulation and burning low grade coal;Orifice plate 10 can guarantee Secondary Air or inertia furnace cigarette or pure The uniformity that oxygen is sent into;
Several spouts 13 being spaced in the circumferential can realize that more thermal flue gas backs flow in reflux cavity;Bluff body 11 can suitably prolong The mixing of long primary and secondary air;By being passed through suitable Secondary Air in circumference air hose 14, it can protect, cool down burner nozzle;It is logical The temperature in the measurement reflux cavity 6 of thermocouple 12, and the size of 9 aperture of control valve are crossed, it can be by the temperature of different burning coals It controls in suitable range.
This burner may be designed to the different shapes such as round, rectangular, using welding or flange after the production of burner sectional Connection group is integral;The thick coal culm one time partition between wind snout and overfire air port can be isolated with single layer heat-resisting steel sheet and plate or bilayer Centre folder is empty to be thickeied.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of straight-through pulverized coal burner, the pulverized coal concentrator including shell, in shell, it is characterised in that further include and coal Thick coal culm primary air piping that the thick coal culm outlet of powder inspissator is connected is around in thick coal culm primary air piping partially circumferentially outer thin powdered coal Primary air piping, the secondary air channel being connected with shell, secondary air channel in circumferentially opposed setting and are around in dense with thin powdered coal primary air piping Coal dust primary air piping rest part week, secondary air channel was located at the back-fire side of thick coal culm primary air piping, thick coal culm primary air piping outward Spout end and thin powdered coal primary air piping spout end are arranged in spaced radial, form reflux cavity, thick coal culm First air therebetween Pipe spout end and thin powdered coal primary air piping spout end are at the rear for being axially respectively positioned on secondary air channel spout end.
2. a kind of straight-through pulverized coal burner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the thin powdered coal primary air piping entrance Section is tapered taper.
3. a kind of straight-through pulverized coal burner according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the thin powdered coal primary air piping Circumferentially around angle be greater than secondary air channel circumferentially around angle.
4. a kind of straight-through pulverized coal burner according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: set in the entrance of secondary air channel There is air door.
5. a kind of straight-through pulverized coal burner according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the thick coal culm primary air piping spout The reflux cavity at end and thin powdered coal primary air piping spout end rear is connected with accessory channel, and valve is equipped in accessory channel, is returning It flows and is equipped with orifice plate in cavity.
6. a kind of straight-through pulverized coal burner according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the thin powdered coal primary air piping spout End is equipped with several spouts being spaced in the circumferential.
7. a kind of straight-through pulverized coal burner according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the secondary air channel spout is set in end There is bluff body.
8. a kind of straight-through pulverized coal burner according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that: described in thin powdered coal First air The periphery for managing corresponding shell is provided with circumference air hose.
9. a kind of straight-through pulverized coal burner according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: be equipped with thermoelectricity in back cavity body It is even.
CN201811557802.7A 2018-12-19 2018-12-19 Direct-current pulverized coal burner Active CN109708106B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113339789A (en) * 2021-06-11 2021-09-03 华北电力大学(保定) Coking-prevention pulverized coal burner with horseshoe-shaped turbulence teeth

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