CN218558555U

CN218558555U - Quick change assembly and battery changing vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN218558555U
Application number: CN202222819400.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张建平; 于新瑞; 褚佳玮; 宋志强; 张小春
Original assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-15
Filing date: 2022-10-24
Publication date: 2023-03-03
Anticipated expiration: 2032-10-24
Also published as: CN116118463A; CN116252606A; CN116039355A; CN218558545U; CN218558554U; CN116118458A; CN218577491U; CN218558549U; CN116118465A; CN116118456A; CN218558553U; CN219007568U; CN218558544U; CN116118467A; CN116118462A; CN218536329U; CN116001547A; CN218536331U; CN116160835A; CN116118451A

Abstract

The utility model relates to a trade the electric field, provide a quick change assembly, trade electric vehicle, should trade electric vehicle and include this quick change assembly. The quick-change assembly comprises a quick-change support and a battery pack, the quick-change support and the battery pack are detachably connected in a bolt locking mode, the battery pack is arranged in a plurality of modes along the same direction, and a first buffer structure is arranged between the battery pack and the quick-change support. The battery packs are arranged in a sub-packaging mode, so that the weight of a single battery pack is reduced, and the battery packs are convenient to maintain and replace; by arranging the first buffer structure, a buffer effect can be achieved between the battery pack and the quick-change bracket, and the situation that the battery pack and the quick-change bracket are violently impacted due to bumping or inertia factors when the battery replacement vehicle runs is avoided, so that the battery pack is protected; the quick-change bracket is detachably connected with the battery pack, so that the battery pack can be conveniently taken down to repair the battery pack or the quick-change bracket or replace the battery pack; the mode of bolt locking is simple reliable be convenient for realize.

Description

Quick change assembly and battery changing vehicle

This application claims priority to chinese patent application 2022108370942, bearing the filing date of 2022, month 07 and 15. The present application refers to the above-mentioned chinese patent application in its entirety.

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a trade the electric field, in particular to quick change assembly, trade electric vehicle.

Background

The battery pack mounting mode of the existing electric automobile is generally divided into fixed mounting and replaceable mounting, wherein the battery pack fixedly mounted is generally fixed on the automobile; the replaceable safety rotating battery pack is generally movably mounted, can be taken down at any time for replacement or charging, and is mounted on the vehicle body after replacement or charging is finished.

Because the battery pack and the quick-change bracket are detachably locked, the battery pack and the quick-change bracket cannot be completely locked, and the battery pack is easy to violently collide with the quick-change bracket under the inertia effect under the condition of bumping or inertia factors of a battery-changing vehicle, so that the battery pack is damaged. Particularly for large vehicles, the battery pack is larger and heavier due to the high capacity requirement of the large vehicles on the battery pack, and the battery pack is more likely to collide with the quick-change bracket to cause damage to the battery pack.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to produce the collision with the quick change support in order to overcome prior art in the battery package, and lead to the easy defect of damaging of battery package, provide a quick change assembly, trade electric vehicle.

The utility model discloses an above-mentioned technical problem is solved through following technical scheme:

the quick-change assembly comprises a quick-change support and a battery pack detachably connected to the quick-change support in a bolt locking mode, wherein the battery pack is arranged in a plurality of directions and is arranged along the same direction, and a first buffer structure is arranged between the battery pack and the quick-change support.

In the scheme, the first buffer structure can play a buffer role between the battery pack and the quick-change support, so that the situation that the battery pack is violently collided with the quick-change support due to jolting or inertia factors during the operation of the battery changing vehicle is avoided, and the battery pack is protected. And meanwhile, the battery packs are arranged in a sub-packaging mode, so that the weight of a single battery pack is reduced, and when the single battery pack is damaged, only the damaged battery pack needs to be repaired or replaced correspondingly. The plurality of battery packs are arranged along the same direction, so that the structure is compact. The battery pack is detachably connected to the quick-change bracket, so that the battery pack can be conveniently taken down to repair the battery pack or the quick-change bracket or replace the battery pack. The bolt locking mode is simple and reliable, and the battery pack and the quick-change bracket are reliably connected.

Preferably, the quick-change assembly further comprises a lock shaft assembly and a locking mechanism, the lock shaft assembly comprises a bolt, the locking mechanism comprises a nut, and the bolt and the nut are detachably connected to independently lock the battery pack on the quick-change bracket or a vehicle beam of the battery-change vehicle.

In this scheme, realize detachable bolt locking through bolt and nut, simple structure is reliable be convenient for realize. The quick-change support is fixed on the battery replacement vehicle, and the battery pack is locked on a vehicle beam of the battery replacement vehicle, so that the battery pack is connected to the quick-change support.

Preferably, the bolt is arranged on the battery pack, and the nut is arranged on the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam; or the nut is arranged on the battery pack, and the bolt is arranged on the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam.

Preferably, the bolt or the nut is arranged in the middle of the battery pack, and the bolt or the nut penetrates through the battery pack.

In this scheme, bolt or nut setting are in the intermediate position of battery package for load evenly distributed has effectively avoided the deformation of battery package on the battery package, improves the stability and the anti-seismic performance of battery package greatly. The bolt or the nut penetrates through the battery pack, so that the locking is reliable, and the stability of connection between the battery pack and the quick-change bracket is guaranteed.

Preferably, the bolt or nut is floatingly coupled to the battery pack.

Preferably, the bolt or the nut is connected to the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam in a floating mode.

In this scheme, bolt or nut float and connect on the battery package, can reduce and trade the electric vehicle and receive to turn to the distortion or the moment of torsion or the vibrations transmission to the battery package when jolting, and then make the battery package receive the moment of torsion or the influence of vibrations reduce. The bolt or the nut is connected to the quick-change support or the vehicle beam in a floating mode, so that the torque or vibration of the electric vehicle subjected to steering distortion or bumping can be reduced and transmitted to the quick-change support or the vehicle beam, and further the influence of the torque or the vibration on the quick-change support or the vehicle beam is reduced. The floating connection of the nut or the bolt enables the nut or the bolt to be self-adjusted in the process of hanging the battery pack, and then the threaded portion of the bolt can be connected with the nut in a matched mode. The whole manufacturing precision of the chassis and the manufacturing precision of the battery pack are reduced, and the requirement on the positioning precision of the battery pack is reduced in the process of replacing the battery pack, so that the production process is simplified, and the production efficiency is improved.

Preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises a fixed base, and the nut is connected to the fixed base in a floating mode.

In the scheme, the bolt is connected with the nut to lock the battery pack on the quick-change support or a vehicle beam of the battery replacing vehicle, and the nut is connected to the fixing base in a floating mode, so that bumping and the like of the battery replacing vehicle can be reduced and the impact received by the battery pack is reduced. Meanwhile, the nut is connected to the fixed base in a floating mode, the nut can move relative to the fixed base, and the requirement for assembling accuracy between the bolt and the nut can be lowered. Install the nut on battery package, quick change support or car roof beam through fixed baseplate, can also reduce the requirement to nut mounted position, the spare part of being convenient for is arranged in a flexible way.

Preferably, one end of the bolt is provided with a threaded portion for being in threaded connection with the nut.

In this aspect, the threaded portion is provided at the top of the bolt so that the bolt and the nut are connected by the threads.

Preferably, the lock shaft assembly further comprises a housing, and the bolt is arranged in the housing and can be lifted or rotated in a vertical direction relative to the housing.

In this scheme, the bolt setting is in the shell, to its guard action of bolt, dustproof and waterproof, can also avoid the bolt directly to receive external impact simultaneously and lead to the locking to warp or drive the connection structure of nut and receive the impact. The bolt can be lifted or rotated along the vertical direction relative to the shell, and the shell restricts the moving direction of the bolt, so that the bolt can rotate relative to the nut to lock and unlock. When the battery pack moves along the vertical direction to be installed or detached, the bolt goes up and down along the vertical direction, so that the movement process of the battery pack is combined with the locking mechanism and the vertical locking process of the lock shaft assembly, and the locking efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the bolt goes up and down along the vertical direction, so that the interference between the bolt and parts in the horizontal direction during movement can be avoided, and the structure is compact.

Preferably, the quick-change assembly further comprises an anti-rotation retaining structure connected to the bolt and/or nut to prevent relative rotational movement between the bolt and the nut.

In this scheme, prevent changeing retaining structure can avoid the rotary motion of relative nut at locking position bolt, guarantees the reliability of lock axle subassembly and locking mechanism locking, and then guarantees the reliability of battery package and quick change leg joint.

Preferably, the anti-rotation retaining structure comprises a connecting portion, the connecting portion is provided with an inner vertical groove, the other end of the bolt is provided with a spline portion, and the inner vertical groove is used for being meshed with the spline portion to prevent the bolt from rotating relative to the nut.

In this scheme, prevent changeing retaining structure and bolted connection, through spline portion and the meshing of interior perpendicular groove in order to prevent the relative nut rotation of bolt, it is simple reliable. The thread part and the spline part are arranged on the bolt, and the structure is compact.

Preferably, the anti-rotation retaining structure further comprises an inner gear ring and an outer gear ring which are meshed with each other, and the connecting part is fixed on the outer gear ring.

In this scheme, the ring gear is fixed, and through the rotation of the outer ring gear of ring gear restriction, the rotation of rethread outer ring gear restriction spline portion, and then through the rotation of spline portion restriction screw thread portion to realize preventing bolt and nut rotation each other, make prevent changeing stopping reliable.

Preferably, the inner gear ring has an inner flange therein for limiting downward movement of the outer gear ring in the vertical direction.

In this scheme, set up the inner flange on the ring gear for the restriction outer ring gear is at vertical direction downstream, and then plays the limiting displacement of vertical direction to the bolt, avoids the bolt down to fall.

Preferably, a plurality of the battery packs are arranged along the length direction or the width direction of the body of the battery replacement vehicle.

In this scheme, the battery package is arranged along the length direction or the width direction of automobile body and is convenient for battery package's installation and dismantlement.

Preferably, a second buffer structure is arranged between the adjacent battery packs.

In this scheme, the second buffer structure is used for avoiding colliding between battery package and the battery package.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket is provided with a plurality of battery accommodating grooves with downward openings along the length direction or the width direction of the vehicle body of the battery replacement vehicle, each battery accommodating groove accommodates one battery pack, and the first buffer structure is arranged between each battery pack and the corresponding battery accommodating groove.

In this scheme, a battery holding tank holds a battery package for every battery package all has independent installation space, can not collide each other or extrude.

Preferably, the quick-change assembly further comprises a locking mechanism and a vertically arranged locking shaft assembly, the locking mechanism and the locking shaft assembly are respectively arranged in each battery accommodating groove and on each long side wall and/or short side wall of the battery pack, and the locking shaft assembly and the locking mechanism are matched in the vertical direction to detachably connect the battery pack to the quick-change support in a bolt locking mode.

In this scheme, locking mechanism and lock axle subassembly can guarantee the stability of being connected of battery package and quick change support. The opening of battery holding tank is downward, and when the installation battery was wrapped, vertical direction relative motion was followed to battery package and battery holding tank, and locking mechanism and lock axle subassembly coordinate the locking along vertical direction, are convenient for combine together battery package and the vertical relative motion's of battery holding tank process and locking mechanism and the vertical locking process of lock axle subassembly, improve locking efficiency. The lock shaft component and the locking mechanism correspond to the side wall of the battery pack, the influence on the overall height of the quick-change assembly due to the arrangement of the lock shaft component and the locking mechanism is avoided, the structure of the battery-changing assembly is compact, and the arrangement of the quick-change assembly on a battery-changing vehicle is facilitated.

Preferably, the number of the locking shaft assemblies is multiple, and the multiple locking shaft assemblies are arranged on the long side wall and/or the short side wall of the battery pack at intervals.

In this scheme, after lock axle subassembly and locking mechanism locking, the lock axle subassembly can play the effect that supports the battery package, and the lock axle subassembly interval sets up in the both sides of battery package, further improves the connection stability of battery package and quick change support.

Preferably, a plurality of first buffer structures are arranged on the side wall of the long side of the battery pack.

In this scheme, set up a plurality of first buffer structure on the battery package, can realize the many places anticollision of battery package, further prevent that the battery package from appearing damaging.

Preferably, the first buffer structures are also arranged on the short side walls of the battery pack, and the number of the first buffer structures on the long side walls of the battery pack is more than that of the first buffer structures on the short side walls of the battery pack.

In this scheme, set up first buffer structure at the interval all around of battery package, can all play the buffering guard action to battery package all around, can avoid because the vehicle rocks, slows down etc. and causes the battery package to remove to the condition that leads to battery package and quick change support direct collision takes place, and buffering effect is better. And because the impact force that the long limit of installation lock axle subassembly received is great, through setting up more first buffer structure in this side to guarantee that buffering effect is good.

Preferably, a plurality of third buffer structures are arranged on the side wall and/or the top of the battery pack, and the third buffer structures are used for buffering in the vertical direction.

In this scheme, set up the third buffer structure in order to carry out the buffering of vertical direction at the lateral wall and/or the top of battery package, avoid the impact of vertical direction to cause the removal of battery package or collide with other structures on the vehicle. Set up third buffer structure at the top of battery package, vertical impact alleviates effectually, sets up third buffer structure at the lateral wall of battery package to reduce or avoid taking vertical space to lead to the vertical size grow of quick change assembly, the installation of the battery package on the vehicle of being convenient for. Be equipped with first buffer structure between battery package and the battery holding tank in order to alleviate the impact of horizontal direction, set up the impact of third buffer structure in order to alleviate vertical direction again, form the multidirectional buffering protection to the battery package, buffering effect is better.

Preferably, the locking shaft assembly is disposed at a middle-lower portion of a long-side sidewall of the battery pack.

In this scheme, through the well lower part with locking axle subassembly setting at the battery package for the tie point of battery package and quick change support moves down, thereby improves the stability of battery package locking after on the quick change support, and above-mentioned setting can increase battery package and quick change support area of contact, thereby has more spaces to set up first buffer structure.

Preferably, the lock shaft assembly and the first buffer structure at least partially overlap in a height direction.

In this scheme, because the impact force that lock axle subassembly department received is great, overlap at least partly in the direction of height through lock axle subassembly and first buffer structure to improve the buffering effect of lock axle subassembly department, guarantee the connection stability of battery package and quick change support.

Preferably, the lock shaft assembly and the first buffer structure are located at the same height.

In this scheme, because the impact force that lock axle subassembly department received is great, the buffering effect of lock axle subassembly department can further be guaranteed in the aforesaid setting, guarantees the connection stability of battery package and quick change support.

Preferably, the first buffer structure comprises an elastic member, and the elastic member is connected to the battery pack or the quick-change bracket.

In the scheme, the elastic component is used for preventing rigid collision between the battery pack and the quick-change support, elastic buffering is achieved, movement of the battery pack relative to the quick-change support is limited, and damage to the battery pack is prevented.

Preferably, the first buffer structure further comprises a limiting member, and the limiting member and the elastic member are arranged in one-to-one correspondence and are respectively arranged on the battery pack and the quick-change bracket;

when the battery pack is installed on the quick-change bracket, the elastic component props against the limiting component.

In this scheme, through stop member and elastic component cooperation, further restrict the removal of battery package for quick change support, prevent that the battery package from damaging.

Preferably, a battery end water joint is arranged on the top of the battery pack, a vehicle end water joint is arranged on the quick-change bracket, and after the battery pack is connected to the quick-change bracket, the battery end water joint is in butt joint communication with the vehicle end water joint.

In this scheme, install battery end water swivel at the top of battery package, can avoid battery end water swivel to occupy the space of battery package lateral part for the lateral part of battery package can have the first buffer structure of more space installation, improves buffering effect. When the battery pack is installed on a battery replacing vehicle through upward movement in the vertical direction, the battery end water joint and the vehicle end water joint are in butt joint communication in the vertical direction and can be combined with the battery pack lifting process, and the installation efficiency of the battery pack is improved.

Preferably, a battery end electric connector is arranged on the top of the battery pack, a vehicle end electric connector is arranged on the quick-change bracket, and when the battery pack is connected to the quick-change bracket, the battery end electric connector is in butt joint communication with the vehicle end electric connector.

In this scheme, install battery end electric connector at the top of battery package, can avoid battery end electric connector to occupy the space of battery package lateral part for the lateral part of battery package can have the first buffer structure of more space installation, improves buffering effect. When the battery pack is installed on a battery replacing vehicle through upward movement in the vertical direction, the battery end electric connector and the vehicle end electric connector are in butt joint communication in the vertical direction and can be combined with the battery pack lifting process, and the installation efficiency of the battery pack is improved.

A battery replacement vehicle is provided with the quick replacement assembly in any one of the technical schemes.

In the scheme, the quick change assembly is installed on the battery replacement vehicle and used for supplying power to the battery replacement vehicle.

Preferably, the battery replacement vehicle is an electric truck.

Preferably, the battery replacement vehicle further comprises a vehicle beam, the quick-change bracket is connected with the vehicle beam of the battery replacement vehicle, the battery pack is located below the vehicle beam, and the battery pack is vertically mounted on the quick-change bracket from the bottom of the battery replacement vehicle in a bolt locking manner.

In this scheme, the quick change assembly is installed on the quick change support from supreme down, and then installs on trading the car roof beam of electric vehicle.

The utility model discloses an actively advance the effect and lie in:

by arranging the first buffer structure, a buffer effect can be achieved between the battery pack and the quick-change bracket, and the situation that the battery pack and the quick-change bracket are violently impacted due to bumping or inertia factors when the battery replacement vehicle runs is avoided, so that the battery pack is protected; the battery packs are arranged in a sub-packaging mode, so that the weight of a single battery pack is reduced, and the battery packs are convenient to maintain and replace; the quick change assembly is compact in structure by arranging the plurality of battery packs along the same direction; the quick-change bracket is detachably connected with the battery pack, so that the battery pack can be conveniently taken down to repair the battery pack or the quick-change bracket or replace the battery pack; the mode of bolt locking is simple reliable be convenient for realize, makes the connection of battery package and quick change support simple and reliable.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a battery replacement vehicle according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a battery pack according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a battery pack according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first buffer structure according to embodiment 1 of the present invention

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of an elastic member according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a stopper member according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is an exploded view of a lock shaft assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the inner gear ring, the outer gear ring and the connecting portion of the lock shaft assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the lock shaft assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention in a state where the inner gear ring and the outer gear ring are engaged with each other.

Fig. 10 is a schematic sectional view of the lock shaft assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention in a state where the inner gear ring and the outer gear ring are engaged with each other.

Fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a battery pack according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

battery replacement vehicle 1

Length direction Y, width direction X, height direction Z

Quick-change support 11

Battery housing groove 111

Battery pack 12

Vehicle beam 13

First buffer structure 2

Elastic member 21

Mounting portion 211

Mounting hole 2111

Protrusion 212

Upper inclined surface 2121

Lower inclined surface 2122

Left inclined plane 2123

Right inclined surface 2124

Free end 213

Engaging part 214

Stop member 22

Positioning surface 221

Guide surface 222

Connecting surface 223

Bottom wall 224

Sidewall 225

Slide channel 226

Cambered surface 231

Lower arc surface 232

Upper cambered surface 233

Arc-shaped guide surface 234

Lock shaft assembly 3

Bolt 31

Screw portion 311

Spline portion 312

Spring 32

Outer casing 33

Ring gear 34

Internal teeth 341

Inner flange 342

Outer gear ring 35

External tooth 351

Outer flange 352

Connecting part 36

Inner vertical groove 361

Outer vertical slot 362

Embedded flange 363

Battery terminal water joint 41

Battery end electrical connector 42

Vehicle end electrical connector 43

Adapter bracket 5

Detailed Description

The present invention will be more clearly and completely described with reference to the following preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the present embodiment discloses a quick-change assembly, which includes a quick-change bracket 11 and a battery pack 12 detachably connected to the quick-change bracket 11 in a bolt locking manner, where the quick-change bracket 11 is installed on a battery-replacement vehicle 1 and is used to connect the battery pack 12 with the battery-replacement vehicle 1, and the battery pack 12 is a rectangular body and is used to supply power to the battery-replacement vehicle 1. Fig. 1 shows the installation of a battery pack 12 on a battery replacement vehicle 1.

As shown in fig. 1, the number of the battery packs 12 in this embodiment is three, and the three battery packs 12 are arranged in the width direction (X direction) of the vehicle body, so that the battery packs 12 can be mounted and dismounted conveniently. The present embodiment performs sub-packaging setting on the battery packs 12, reduces the weight of a single battery pack 12, and when a single battery pack 12 is damaged, only the damaged battery pack 12 needs to be repaired or replaced correspondingly.

In other alternative embodiments, a plurality of battery packs 12 may be arranged along the same direction other than the width direction of the vehicle body, for example, the length direction (Y direction) of the vehicle body, so as to facilitate the mounting and dismounting of the battery packs 12.

As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, a first buffer structure 2 is disposed between the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11, and the first buffer structure 2 can buffer the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11, so as to avoid a situation that the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11 are violently collided due to bumping or inertia factors during the operation of the battery replacement vehicle 1, and protect the battery pack 12. Among these, the battery pack 12 in fig. 2 and 3 only illustrates a general outline of the battery pack 12, in which a lock shaft assembly is omitted.

Specifically, the quick-change holder 11 has three battery receiving grooves 111 with openings facing downward in the width direction of the vehicle body, and each battery receiving groove 111 receives one battery pack 12, so that each battery pack 12 has an independent mounting space and does not collide or press against each other. First buffer structures 2 are arranged between each battery pack 12 and the corresponding battery accommodating groove 111, so that each battery pack 12 is guaranteed to play a buffer role relative to the quick-change bracket 11, and damage to the battery pack 12 is further prevented.

In other alternative embodiments, if a plurality of battery packs 12 are arranged along the length direction of the vehicle body, the quick-change bracket 11 is provided with a plurality of battery receiving grooves 111 in the length direction of the vehicle body.

As shown in fig. 4-6, the first buffer structure 2 includes a plurality of elastic members 21 and a plurality of limiting members 22, the number of the elastic members 21 is the same as that of the limiting members 22, the elastic members 21 and the limiting members 22 are disposed in a one-to-one correspondence, the elastic members 21 are connected to the inner side wall of the battery accommodating groove 111, and the limiting members 22 are connected to the outer side wall of the battery pack 12. When the battery pack 12 is mounted on the quick-change holder 11, the elastic member 21 abuts against the stopper member 22. The elastic member 21 is made of an elastic material, the elastic member 21 is used for preventing rigid collision between the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11, elastic buffering is achieved, the limiting member 22 is matched with the elastic member 21, movement of the battery pack 12 relative to the quick-change bracket 11 is limited, and damage to the battery pack 12 is prevented.

In other alternative embodiments, the position-limiting members 22 are connected to the inner side wall of the battery accommodating groove 111, and the elastic members 21 are connected to the outer side wall of the battery pack 12. Alternatively, a part of the elastic member 21 and a part of the stopper member 22 may be connected to the inner side wall of the battery housing groove 111, and a corresponding part of the stopper member 22 and a corresponding part of the elastic member 21 may be connected to the outer side wall of the battery pack 12.

As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the elastic member 21 includes a mounting portion 211 for mounting the elastic member 21 to the inner side wall of the battery receiving groove 111, and a protrusion portion 212 protruding with respect to the mounting portion 211 in a direction away from the inner side wall of the battery receiving groove 111. A groove is formed in a surface of the protrusion 212 facing the battery accommodation groove 111, and when the elastic member 21 is attached to the quick-change holder 11, a gap defined by the groove is provided between the protrusion 212 and an inner wall surface of the battery accommodation groove 111. When the battery pack 12 is mounted in the quick-change holder 11, the projection 212 is deformed toward the inner side wall of the battery receiving groove 111.

The protrusion 212 has an upper inclined surface 2121 and a lower inclined surface 2122 which are oppositely arranged and inclined from the protrusion end of the protrusion 212 to the mounting portion 211, and a left inclined surface 2123 and a right inclined surface 2124 which are oppositely arranged and inclined from the protrusion end of the protrusion 212 to the mounting portion 211, and these inclined surfaces make the protrusion 212 have better elasticity and better guidance. By providing the upper and lower inclined surfaces 2122 and the left and right inclined surfaces 2124 on the protrusion 212, contact and guidance between the elastic member 21 and the stopper member 22 are facilitated during the process of mounting the battery pack 12 on the quick-change holder 11, so that resistance during relative movement between the two is reduced, and the efficiency of mounting and dismounting the battery pack 12 is improved.

As shown in fig. 4 to 5, in the present embodiment, the elastic member 21 includes two protruding portions 212 distributed along the vertical direction (Z direction), the mounting portion 211 is provided between the two adjacent protruding portions 212, and the elasticity thereof can be better ensured by providing a plurality of protruding portions 212.

In other alternative embodiments, the number of the protruding portions 212 may be one or more, and the mounting portion 211 may be disposed between two adjacent protruding portions 212 or disposed at an end portion of the elastic member 21.

As shown in fig. 5, the upper end of the elastic member 21 is a free end 213, and the free end 213 is connected to one side of the upper inclined surface 2121 of the protrusion 212. The free end 213 may have a plate-like structure that is attached to the inner wall surface of the battery accommodation groove 111, or the free end 213 may have a plate-like structure that has a certain gap from the battery accommodation groove 111.

As shown in fig. 5, the lower end of the elastic member 21 is provided with an engaging portion 214, the engaging portion 214 is formed to be bent toward the inner side wall of the battery housing groove 111 of the battery replacement vehicle 1, and the engaging portion 214 is configured to engage with the inner side wall of the battery housing groove 111. Alternatively, the engaging portion 214 may be formed in a hook shape that hooks the lower surface of the inner side wall of the battery receiving groove 111, thereby facilitating the positioning and installation of the elastic member 21 with respect to the battery receiving groove 111 and further restricting the movement of the elastic member 21 with respect to the quick-change holder 11. The junction of the engaging portion 214 and the protrusion 212 is an arc 231, and when the position-limiting member 22 is engaged from below the elastic member 21, the arc 231 facilitates the engagement of the position-limiting member 22, and prevents the interference of the bottom structure of the elastic member 21 with the upward movement of the position-limiting member 22.

In other alternative embodiments, the engaging portion 214 may be formed in other shapes that can engage with the inner wall of the battery accommodating groove 111. Further, a corresponding groove or the like may be provided in the inner side wall of the quick-change holder 11 to engage with the engaging portion 214.

In other alternative embodiments, the engaging portion 214 may not be provided, so that the upper and lower ends of the elastic member 21 are both the free ends 213. Alternatively, the engaging portion 214 may be provided at the upper end of the elastic member 21, and the lower end of the elastic member 21 may be the free end 213. Alternatively, the engaging portions 214 may be provided at both upper and lower ends of the elastic member 21.

As shown in fig. 5, the mounting portion 211 is provided with a mounting hole 2111, and a fastener is inserted into the mounting hole 2111 of the mounting portion 211 to connect with the quick-change holder 11. In other alternative embodiments, the mounting portion 211 may be fixed to the quick-change holder 11 in other ways.

As shown in fig. 6, the position-limiting member 22 includes a positioning surface 221 and a guide surface 222, the positioning surface 221 is used for abutting against the elastic member 21, and the guide surface 222 extends and protrudes outward from the positioning surface 221. Specifically, the position limiting member 22 in this embodiment includes two guiding surfaces 222, the two guiding surfaces 222 are respectively disposed on two sides of the positioning surface 221, and extend in the vertical direction, and a sliding channel 226 for the elastic member 21 to slide into is formed between the guiding surfaces 222 and the positioning surface 221. A connecting surface 223 is disposed between the guiding surface 222 and the positioning surface 221, and the connecting surface 223 is an arc-shaped surface to facilitate processing and make the guiding surface 222 smoothly extend to the positioning surface 221.

In other alternative embodiments, the stop member 22 may also include more than three guide surfaces 222 to facilitate guiding of the resilient member 21.

As shown in fig. 6, the stopper member 22 includes a bottom wall portion 224 and side wall portions 225 provided on both sides of the bottom wall portion 224, the guide surfaces 222 are opposite surfaces of the side wall portions 225, and the two side wall portions 225 and the bottom wall portion 224 enclose a slide passage 226 extending in the vertical direction. The bottom and the top of the side wall part 225 in the vertical direction are provided with a lower arc surface 232 and an upper arc surface 233 which are used for guiding the limiting member 22 to be limited against the elastic member 21 on the quick-change bracket 11, so that the limiting member 22 can enter the gap between the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11. The bottom and top of the bottom wall portion 224 are provided with arc-shaped guide surfaces 234 for guiding the elastic member 21 in contact with each other against the positioning surface 221.

As shown in fig. 6, the upper arc surface 233 and the lower arc surface 232 not only form an arc extending along the width direction of the vehicle body, but also form an arc along the length direction of the vehicle body, and by setting the respective edges or angles of the position-limiting member 22, i.e., the side wall portion 225 and the bottom wall portion 224, as the arc 231 structure, on one hand, the contact guiding between the position-limiting member 22 and the elastic member 21 is facilitated, and the abrasion between the two is reduced, on the other hand, the position-limiting member 22 is facilitated to enter a narrow space between the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11, and the situation that the position-limiting member 22 cannot enter a gap between the quick-change bracket 11 and the battery pack 12 due to a slight position deviation between the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11 is avoided, so that the installation efficiency of the battery pack 12 is low.

When the battery pack 12 is loaded into the quick-change holder 11, the stopper member 22 is moved in the vertical direction, and the elastic member 21 is pressed by the stopper member 22 to be deformed. The upper and lower inclined surfaces 2122 of the protrusion 212 of the elastic member 21 are used for guiding the limiting member 22 and the protrusion 212 of the elastic member 21 to press and limit, so that friction and abrasion on the protrusion 212 in the up-and-down movement process of the limiting member 22 are reduced, the limiting member 22 moves up and down smoothly, the clamping part 214 of the elastic member 21 bends towards the direction of the quick-change bracket 11, the upward movement of the limiting member 22 and the extrusion and limiting of the protrusion 212 of the elastic member 21 are facilitated, and the upward movement of the limiting member 22 is prevented from being interfered. The left and right inclined surfaces 2124 of the elastic member 21 cooperate with the side wall portion 225 of the stopper member 22 to facilitate entry of the elastic member 21 into the stopper member 22.

In other embodiments, the first buffer structure 2 may be different from the structure of the present embodiment as long as the impact between the battery pack 12 and the quick-change holder 11 can be relieved. In other embodiments, the first cushioning structure 2 may also comprise only the elastic member 21.

In other alternative embodiments, the first buffer structure 2 in this embodiment may also be a positioning module in chinese utility model patent CN202022876046.3 or chinese utility model patent CN 202022876031.7. The positioning module can be independently arranged on the battery pack 12 or the quick-change bracket 11, and the positioning module is used for guiding and buffering when the battery pack 12 is vertically hung on the quick-change bracket 11. Specifically, at the in-process that battery package 12 lifted, orientation module can lead battery package 12 for the horizontal position of quick change support 11, improves battery package 12 for the location effect of quick change support 11, promotes stability between them, avoids trading electric vehicle 1 driving in-process, because clearance between battery package 12 and the quick change support 11 leads to battery package 12 to rock about, guarantees the stability and the security of battery package 12 installation.

In other alternative embodiments, the first buffer structure 2 in this embodiment may also be a positioning component and an unlocking component in chinese utility model patent CN 201821166612.8. The locating component can be independently arranged on the battery pack 12 or the quick-change support 11, the locating component is used for playing a role in guiding and buffering when the battery pack 12 and the quick-change support 11 are vertically hung, and the unlocking part is matched with the locating component to reset the locating component and further guide and limit the battery pack. Specifically, in the process of lifting the battery pack 12, the positioning assembly is matched with the unlocking part to guide and limit the position of the battery pack 12 in the length direction and the width direction of the vehicle body, so that the positioning effect of the battery pack 12 relative to the quick-change support 11 is improved.

Further, a second buffer structure is provided between the adjacent battery packs 12 for avoiding collision between the battery packs 12 and the battery packs 12 due to bumping or inertia factors when the vehicle is running. The second buffer structure is made of a foam material having elasticity, and is disposed on a side wall of the battery pack 12 near a side of the adjacent battery pack 12. In this embodiment, the second buffer structure is the same as the first buffer structure 2. In other embodiments, the second buffer structure may also be other structures having a buffering function.

Further, a plurality of third buffer structures are provided on the side wall and/or the top of the battery pack 12 for buffering in the vertical direction, and the third buffer structures can abut against the quick-change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13. Be equipped with first buffer structure 2 between battery package 12 and the battery holding tank 111 in order to alleviate the impact of horizontal direction, set up the impact of third buffer structure in order to alleviate vertical direction again, form the multidirectional buffering protection to battery package 12, the cushioning effect is better. The specific structure of the third buffer structure may be the same as that of the first buffer structure 2, but the third buffer structure is adaptively adjusted with respect to the installation position of the battery pack 12, so that the third buffer structure can alleviate the impact in the vertical direction. In other embodiments, the third buffer structure may also be other structures with buffering function, such as a rubber structure, a spring structure, and other structures with elasticity, and may also be other structures that can be used to alleviate the impact in the vertical direction in the prior art.

The quick-change assembly comprises a lock shaft component 3 and a locking mechanism, the lock shaft component 3 comprises a bolt 31, the locking mechanism comprises a nut (not shown in the figure), and the bolt 31 and the nut are rotatably detachably connected to achieve independent locking of the battery pack 12 on the quick-change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13 of the electric vehicle.

In the present embodiment, the bolt 31 is provided on the battery pack 12, and the nut is provided on the quick-change holder 11. Of course, the bolt 31 may be provided on the battery pack 12 and the nut may be provided on the beam of the battery replacement vehicle 1.

Specifically, the latch shaft assembly 3 may be directly mounted on the side wall of the battery pack 12 or on the flange of the battery pack 12, or the latch shaft assembly 3 may be mounted on the battery pack 12 via the adaptor bracket 5 (see fig. 11 of embodiment 2). The adapter bracket 5 can be integrated, and a plurality of lock shaft assemblies 3 are arranged on the same adapter bracket 5; the adapter bracket 5 can also be split, and one adapter bracket is provided with a lock shaft assembly 3.

Preferably, the bolt 31 is provided at an intermediate position of the battery pack 12, and the bolt 31 penetrates the battery pack 12. The bolts 31 are arranged in the middle of the battery pack 12, so that the load is uniformly distributed on the battery pack 12, the deformation of the battery pack 12 is effectively avoided, and the stability and the anti-seismic performance of the battery pack 12 are greatly improved. The bolt 31 penetrates through the battery pack 12, so that locking is reliable, and the stability of connection between the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11 is guaranteed.

Preferably, the nut is floatingly attached to the quick-change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13. The floating connection can reduce the transmission of torque or vibration of the vehicle to the quick-change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13 when the vehicle is subjected to steering distortion or bumping, so that the influence of the torque or the vibration on the quick-change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13 is reduced. The floating connection of the nut enables the nut to be self-adjusting in the process of hanging the battery pack 12, and further enables the threaded portion of the bolt to be connected with the nut in a matched mode. The whole manufacturing precision of the chassis and the manufacturing precision of the battery pack are reduced, and the requirement on the positioning precision of the battery pack is reduced in the process of replacing the battery pack, so that the production process is simplified, and the production efficiency is improved. In other embodiments, the bolts 31 are floatingly connected to the battery pack 12, and the floating connection can reduce the transmission of torque or vibration of the vehicle to the battery pack 12 when the vehicle is subjected to steering twist or bump, so that the influence of the torque or vibration on the battery pack 12 is reduced.

Preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises a fixing base (not shown), on which the nut is floatingly connected, and the fixing base is mounted on the battery pack 12, the quick-change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13. The bolt is connected with the nut to lock the battery pack on the quick-change support or a vehicle beam of the battery replacing vehicle, and the nut is connected to the fixing base in a floating mode, so that bumping and the like of the battery replacing vehicle can be reduced and the impact received by the battery pack can be reduced. Meanwhile, the nut is connected to the fixed base in a floating mode, the nut can move relative to the fixed base, and the requirement for assembling accuracy between the bolt and the nut can be lowered. Install the nut on battery package 12, quick change support 11 or car roof beam 13 through fixed baseplate, can reduce the requirement to nut mounted position, the spare part of being convenient for is nimble to be arranged. The nut is connected in the fixed base in a floating manner, so that the nut can be protected through the fixed base, the damage of the outside to the nut is reduced, and the service life of the nut is prolonged; moreover, the nut is connected to the battery pack 12, the quick-change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13 through the fixing base, so that the mounting area of the locking mechanism is increased, and the mounting stability of the locking mechanism is improved.

Specifically, the nut is in floating connection with the fixed base through the elastic piece. Utilize the elastic component to realize that the nut is swing joint in battery package 12, quick change support 11 or car roof beam 13 for when bolt 31 is connected with the nut, can store energy through the elastic component, when waiting to take off bolt 31 from the nut, can utilize the energy of elastic component storage to make the nut return, and at the in-process of return, the elastic component still can provide the buffering for the nut, prevent that nut and battery package 12, quick change support 11 or car roof beam 13 from producing the striking and influence life between them. The nut is connected with the battery pack 12, the quick-change support 11 or the vehicle beam 13 through the elastic piece, so that the nut can move in multiple degrees of freedom, and the movable range of the nut is enlarged. Preferably, the elastic pieces are respectively connected to the periphery of the nut, so that the floating stability of the nut is improved. In this embodiment, the elastic component is the spring, has easy to assemble, long service life, characteristics with low costs. In other embodiments, the elastic member 113 may be in the form of a disc spring, etc., and the type of the elastic member 113 is not limited herein.

In other embodiments, a nut is provided on the battery pack 12, and a bolt 31 is provided on the quick-change bracket 11 or the beam of the electric vehicle 1. Preferably, the nut is disposed at a middle position of the battery pack 12, and the nut penetrates the battery pack 12. Preferably, a nut is floatingly attached to the battery pack 12, or alternatively, the bolt 31 is floatingly attached to the quick-change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13.

As shown in fig. 7 to 10, the lock shaft assembly 3 includes a bolt 31, a spring 32, a housing 33, an inner ring gear 34, an outer ring gear 35, and a connecting portion 36. Both ends of the bolt 31 are respectively provided with a thread part 311 and a spline part 312, and the thread part 311 on the bolt 31 is used for being in threaded connection with a nut; the spline portion 312 on the bolt 31 is adapted to engage with the inner vertical groove 361 on the connecting portion 36 to limit the rotation of the bolt 31 by limiting the rotation of the connecting portion 36; the threaded portion 311 is disposed on the top of the bolt 31, so that the spline portion 312 is disposed at the other end of the bolt 31 to connect with other components, resulting in a compact structure. The embedded flange 363 of the connecting part 36 is embedded into the outer flange 352 of the outer gear ring 35, and the outer vertical groove 362 of the connecting part 36 is meshed with the inner peripheral surface of the outer gear ring 35, so that the connecting part 36 and the outer gear ring 35 form a whole; the external teeth 351 of the external gear ring 35 are used for being meshed with the internal teeth 341 of the internal gear ring 34, the rotation of the external gear ring 35, the connecting part 36 and the bolt 31 is limited by limiting the rotation of the internal gear ring 34, and the internal gear ring 34, the external gear ring 35 and the connecting part 36 form an anti-rotation and anti-backing structure for limiting the relative rotation of the bolt 31 and the nut; the inner flange 342 of the inner gear ring 34 is used for abutting with the outer flange 352 of the outer gear ring 35 for axis limitation; one end of the spring 32 is configured to abut against one end of the inside of the housing 33 near the threaded portion 311, and the other end of the spring 32 is configured to abut against one end of the whole of the outer ring gear 35 and the connecting portion 36 near the threaded portion 311; the outer shell 33 is used for being sleeved outside the bolt 31, the spring 32, the outer gear ring 35, the inner gear ring 34 and the connecting part 36. Bolt 31 sets up in shell 33, to its guard action of bolt 31, dustproof and waterproof, can also avoid bolt 31 directly to receive external force striking simultaneously and lead to the locking to warp or drive the connection structure of nut and nut to receive the impact. The bolt 31 can be lifted or rotated in a vertical direction relative to the housing 33, and the housing 33 restricts the moving direction of the bolt 31, so that the bolt 31 can perform a rotating motion relative to the nut to lock and unlock. When the battery pack 12 moves in the vertical direction to be mounted or dismounted, the bolt 31 is lifted in the vertical direction, so that the movement process of the battery pack 12 is combined with the vertical locking process of the locking mechanism and the locking shaft assembly 3, and the locking efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the bolt 31 goes up and down along the vertical direction, so that the interference between the bolt 31 and parts in the horizontal direction during movement can be avoided, and the structure is compact.

When the lock shaft assembly 3 and the locking mechanism are used on the battery replacing vehicle 1 to lock the battery pack 12, the nut of the locking mechanism is fixed on the quick-change bracket 11, and the bolt 31 is connected on the battery pack 12 by fixing the inner gear ring 34 on the battery pack 12.

During unlocking, a professional tool is used for pushing the whole of the outer gear ring 35 and the connecting part 36, the whole of the outer gear ring 35 and the connecting part 36 moves away from the inner gear ring 34, so that the outer gear ring 35 is disengaged from the inner gear ring 34, the whole of the outer gear ring 35 and the connecting part 36 is rotated to drive the bolt 31 to rotate relative to the nut until the bolt 31 is disengaged from the nut, unlocking of the battery pack 12 and the quick-change support 11 is achieved, and the spring 32 drives the outer gear ring 35, the connecting part 36 and the bolt 31 to retreat.

When locking is carried out, a professional tool is used for pushing the whole of the outer gear ring 35 and the connecting part 36, so that the whole of the outer gear ring 35 and the connecting part 36 moves towards the direction far away from the inner gear ring 34, the outer gear ring 35 is separated from the inner gear ring 34, and then the whole of the outer gear ring 35 and the connecting part 36 is rotated to drive the bolt 31 to rotate relative to the nut until the locking torque of the bolt 31 and the nut is met, so that the bolt 31 and the nut are locked; the tool is removed, the spring 32 will drive the outer gear ring 35, the connecting part 36 and the bolt 31 to retract, so that the outer gear ring 35 is engaged with the inner gear ring 34, and the outer flange 352 of the outer gear ring 35 abuts against the inner flange 342 of the inner gear ring 34 to limit the rotation and axial movement of the bolt 31; if the outer ring gear 35 cannot be engaged with the inner ring gear 34, the outer ring gear 35 can be slightly rotated to be engaged with the inner ring gear 34.

In the embodiment, the inner gear ring 34 is fixed on the battery pack 12, and the rotation of the bolt 31 is limited by the rotation-preventing and retaining structure consisting of the inner gear ring 34, the outer gear ring 35 and the connecting part 36. In the locked state, the inner ring gear 34 and the outer ring gear 35 are engaged to restrict rotation of the bolt 31 relative to the nut, and the inner flange 342 of the inner ring gear 34 serves to restrict movement of the outer flange 352 of the outer ring gear 35, never restricting movement of the bolt 31 relative to the nut.

In other embodiments, the structure of the anti-rotation retaining structure may be different from that of the present embodiment, and the anti-rotation retaining structure achieves the purpose of limiting the rotation of the bolt 31 relative to the nut through one of the matching manners of ratchet, pawl, expansion ball, clamping and engagement.

In other embodiments, a toothed member may be inserted into the splined portion 312 of the bolt 31 and secured to the battery pack 12, or to the quick-change bracket 11, or to the vehicle beam 13 to limit rotation of the bolt 31 relative to the nut, and then removed when unlocked. In other embodiments, an abutment member may be used instead of the toothed member, and the abutment member may be used to abut against the threaded portion 311 of the bolt 31 to prevent the bolt 31 from rotating. In other embodiments, a structure capable of preventing the relative rotation between the bolt 31 and the nut in the prior art may be adopted as the rotation-preventing and backing-stopping structure.

In this embodiment, locking or unlocking is realized by rotating the bolt 31, and the anti-rotation retaining structure is matched with the bolt 31 to realize anti-rotation retaining after the bolt 31 and the nut are locked. In other embodiments, the locking or unlocking can be realized by rotating the nut, and correspondingly, the anti-rotation and anti-backing structure is matched with the nut to realize the anti-rotation and anti-backing; a groove extending along the axial direction of the nut can be processed on the outer peripheral surface of the nut, a toothed structure is inserted into the groove of the nut, and the toothed part is fixed on the battery pack 12, or the quick-change bracket 11, or the vehicle beam 13 so as to limit the rotation of the bolt 31 relative to the nut, and the toothed part is detached when unlocking; the abutting piece can be adopted to tightly abut against the nut in the circumferential direction of the nut to prevent the nut from rotating.

In other embodiments, the anti-rotation retaining structure can also be matched with the bolt 31 and the nut to realize anti-rotation retaining, such as a plug-in connector inserted into the circumferential direction of the bolt and the nut at the same time.

In this embodiment, the nut is fixed on the quick-change bracket 11, and the bolt 31 is connected to the battery pack 12 together with the inner gear ring 34, the outer gear ring 35, and the connecting portion 36. In other embodiments, the nut may be connected with the inner gear ring 34, the outer gear ring 35, and the connecting portion 36 to be fixed on the battery pack 12, and the bolt 31 may be fixed on the quick-change bracket 11; specifically, the nut may be directly machined with a vertical groove on its outer circumferential surface to engage with the inner vertical groove 361 of the coupling portion 36.

According to the length and width of the battery pack 12, the locking mechanism is disposed in the battery accommodating groove 111 of the quick-change bracket 11, and the lock shaft assembly 3 is disposed on the long-side and/or short-side wall of the battery pack 12. All correspond on every battery holding tank 111 and every battery package 12 and be provided with locking mechanism and the lock axle subassembly 3 that the multiunit one-to-one set up, a plurality of locking mechanisms set up on the both sides inside wall of battery holding tank 111 along the length direction interval of the automobile body that trades electric vehicle 1, and a plurality of lock axle subassemblies 3 intervals set up on the long limit of both sides of battery package 12 and/or short edge side wall to support battery package 12 from the both sides of battery package 12. The locking shaft assembly 3 and the locking mechanism are matched with each other along the vertical direction (Z direction) to detachably connect the battery pack 12 to the quick-change support 11, so that the connection stability of the battery pack 12 and the quick-change support 11 is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the vertical process of lifting the battery pack 12 is combined with the vertical locking process, and the locking efficiency is improved. The lock shaft assembly 3 is mounted on the long side wall of the battery pack 12 in the embodiment because the space for mounting the lock shaft assembly 3 on the long side wall of the battery pack 12 is more, so that a greater number of lock shaft assemblies 3 can be mounted, and the connection stability between the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11 is further improved. In other embodiments, the latch shaft assembly 3 may also be disposed corresponding to the short side wall of the battery pack 12.

The lock shaft assembly 3 in this embodiment is installed on the upper portion of the long side wall of the battery pack 12, so that the lifting stroke of the battery pack 12 in the installation process can be shortened, and interference between the battery pack 12 and other structures on the battery replacement vehicle 1 can be avoided. In other alternative embodiments, the locking shaft assembly 3 may also be disposed at the middle-lower portion of the long-side wall of the battery pack 12, so as to move the connection point of the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11 downward, thereby improving the stability of the battery pack 12 after being locked on the quick-change bracket 11.

In the present embodiment, the lock shaft assembly 3 and the locking mechanism are provided corresponding to the side wall of the battery pack 12. Preferably, the lock shaft assembly 3 and the locking mechanism are also disposed corresponding to the middle of the battery pack 12. The lock shaft assembly 3 is arranged on the side wall and the middle part of the battery pack 12, so that the load is uniformly distributed on the battery pack 12, the deformation of the battery pack 12 is effectively avoided, and the stability and the anti-seismic performance of the battery pack 12 are greatly improved.

In other embodiments, the lock shaft assembly 3 and the locking structure may also be disposed only corresponding to the middle of the battery pack 12, a through hole may be formed in the middle of the battery pack 12 to accommodate the bolt to rotate in the hole and axially move, and the nut is disposed on the vehicle beam 13 or the quick-change bracket 11; it is also possible to provide a through hole in the middle of the battery pack 12 and to provide an internal thread in the through hole as a nut, and to provide a bolt on the vehicle beam 13 or the quick-change bracket 11. The lock shaft assembly 3 located in the middle region is penetratingly disposed in the battery pack 12. The stress area between the lock shaft assembly 3 and the battery pack 12 is increased, the connection strength between the lock shaft assembly 3 and the battery pack 12 is improved, and the risk that the lock shaft assembly 3 and the battery pack 12 fall off is reduced.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first buffer structures 2 are disposed on the peripheral side walls of the battery pack 12. In this embodiment, the lock shaft assembly 3 and the first buffer structure 2 are located at the same height, that is, the lock shaft assembly 3 and the first buffer structure 2 are located at the same height position of the battery pack 12 in the vertical direction, where the lock shaft assembly 3 and the first buffer structure 2 located at the same height in this embodiment do not mean that the upper end of the lock shaft assembly 3 is flush with the upper end of the first buffer structure 2, or the lower end of the lock shaft assembly 3 is flush with the lower end of the first buffer structure 2, but mean that the upper and lower ends of the lock shaft assembly 3 are located in the region formed by the upper and lower ends of the first buffer structure 2, or the upper and lower ends of the first buffer structure 2 are located in the region formed by the upper and lower ends of the lock shaft assembly 3. All play the buffering guard action around battery package 12, can avoid because trading electric vehicle 1 rocks, slows down etc. and cause battery package 12 to remove, leads to the condition of battery package 12 and quick change support 11 direct collision to take place, guarantees battery package 12 and quick change support 11's stability of being connected.

In other alternative embodiments, the lock shaft assembly 3 and the first buffer structure 2 may also only partially overlap in the height direction, that is, the lock shaft assembly 3 is partially located above the first buffer structure 2, or the first buffer structure 2 is partially located above the lock shaft assembly 3, so as to improve the buffer effect at the lock shaft assembly 3 and ensure the connection stability of the battery pack 12 and the quick-change holder 11.

Specifically, be equipped with a plurality of first buffer structure 2 on the long limit lateral wall of battery package 12, be equipped with a first buffer structure 2 on the short limit lateral wall of battery package 12, set up a plurality of first buffer structure 2 on battery package 12, can realize the collision avoidance of many places of battery package 12, further prevent that damage from appearing in battery package 12. Moreover, because the long side of the lock shaft assembly 3 is subjected to a large impact force, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the number of the first buffer structures 2 on the long side wall of the battery pack 12 is greater than the number of the first buffer structures 2 on the short side wall of the battery pack 12, so as to ensure the buffer performance.

In other alternative embodiments, a plurality of first buffer structures 2 may be provided on the short side wall of the battery pack 12, as shown in fig. 11; one first buffer structure 2 may be provided on the long-side wall of the battery pack 12, or only the long-side wall or the short-side wall of the battery pack 12 may be provided with the first buffer structure 2.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the embodiment further discloses that a battery end water connector 41 is disposed on the top of the battery pack 12, and a vehicle end water connector (not shown) is disposed on the quick-change bracket 11, so that when the battery pack 12 is connected to the quick-change bracket 11, the battery end water connector 41 is in butt-joint communication with the vehicle end water connector. The vehicle end water joint on the quick-change bracket 11 is connected with a cooling system of the battery-replacement vehicle 1, and cooling liquid can flow into the battery pack 12 through the battery end water joint 41 and the vehicle end water joint to cool or preserve heat of the battery pack 12, so that the temperature of the battery pack 12 is always kept within a normal range, and normal power supply of the battery pack 12 is ensured.

In this embodiment, the battery end water connectors 41 are installed at the top of the battery pack 12, and compared with the conventional technology in which the battery end water connectors 41 are installed on the side wall of the battery pack 12, the battery end water connectors 41 can be prevented from occupying the space on the side of the battery pack 12, and meanwhile, the battery end water connectors 41 and the vehicle end water connectors are in butt joint communication in the vertical direction to be combined with the lifting process of the battery pack 12, so that the installation efficiency of the battery pack 12 is improved.

As shown in fig. 1-fig. 3, the embodiment further discloses that a battery-end electrical connector 42 is disposed on the top of the battery pack 12, and a vehicle-end electrical connector 43 is disposed on the quick-change bracket 11, so that when the battery pack 12 is connected to the quick-change bracket 11, the battery-end electrical connector 42 is in butt-joint communication with the vehicle-end electrical connector 43. The vehicle-end electric connector 43 on the quick-change bracket 11 is connected with the circuit control unit of the battery replacement vehicle 1, so that the electric connection between the battery pack 12 and the battery replacement vehicle 1 is realized, and the battery pack 12 can supply power to the battery replacement vehicle 1.

In this embodiment, the battery end electrical connector 42 is installed at the top of the battery pack 12, and compared with the conventional technique in which the battery end electrical connector 42 is installed on the sidewall of the battery pack 12, the battery end electrical connector 42 can be prevented from occupying the space of the side of the battery pack 12, and meanwhile, the battery end electrical connector 42 and the vehicle end electrical connector 43 are connected in a butt joint manner in the vertical direction so as to be combined with the lifting process of the battery pack 12, thereby improving the installation efficiency of the battery pack 12.

As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a battery replacement vehicle 1, wherein a quick-change assembly is arranged on the battery replacement vehicle 1, and the quick-change assembly is used for supplying power to the battery replacement vehicle 1.

As shown in fig. 1, the battery replacement vehicle 1 in the present embodiment is an electric truck, a chassis of the electric truck is provided with a vehicle beam 13, a quick-change bracket 11 is mounted on the vehicle beam 13, and a battery pack 12 is mounted on the quick-change bracket 11 and located below the vehicle beam 13 so as to avoid interference with the vehicle beam 13. The quick-change bracket 11 can be fixed on the side surface of the vehicle beam 13 through a threaded connection and the like.

In the battery replacing process, the battery replacing equipment enters the chassis position of the electric truck, and the battery pack 12 is vertically installed and detached from the bottom of the electric truck, so that the battery pack 12 is installed on the quick-change support 11, or the battery pack 12 is detached from the quick-change support 11, and the battery replacing operation of the electric truck is realized. The vertical direction is a height direction (Z direction) of the electric vehicle 1.

Example 2

The difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 lies in the arrangement of the lock shaft assembly 3 and the first buffer structure 2 on the battery pack 12, and the same parts will not be repeated, and only different parts will be described.

As shown in fig. 11, the lock shaft assembly 3 is provided to correspond to the long side walls of the battery pack 12, and the plurality of first buffer structures 2 are provided to the short side walls of the battery pack 12, thereby providing a good buffer function for the battery pack 12. In other embodiments, the lock shaft assembly 3 may also be disposed corresponding to the short side wall of the battery pack, and the number of the first buffer structures 2 disposed on the short side wall of the battery pack 12 may also be greater than the number of the first buffer structures 2 disposed on the long side wall of the battery pack 12, so as to perform a good buffer function on the battery pack 12.

In this embodiment, the lock shaft assemblies 3 are mounted on the long side walls of the battery pack 12 through the adapting brackets 5, wherein the adapting brackets 5 are of an integral structure, a plurality of lock shaft assemblies 3 are mounted on the same adapting bracket 5, the number of the adapting brackets 5 is small, and the workload of processing and mounting is reduced; the integral adapter bracket 5 is convenient for installing other structures of the battery replacing vehicle 1; when the integral adapter bracket is a hollow or grooved structure, pipelines can be arranged or wired inside the adapter bracket 5. In other embodiments, the adapting bracket 5 may also be a split structure, one adapting bracket 5 corresponds to one locking shaft assembly 3, and the split adapting bracket 5 has a small structural size, a light weight, and a small occupied space.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships that are based on normal use of the device or assembly, and are used only for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or assembly referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and the principles of the present invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The quick-change assembly is characterized by comprising a quick-change support and a battery pack detachably connected to the quick-change support in a bolt locking mode, wherein the battery pack is multiple and is arranged along the same direction, and a first buffer structure is arranged between the battery pack and the quick-change support.

2. The quick-change assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a lock shaft assembly and a locking mechanism, wherein the lock shaft assembly comprises a bolt, the locking mechanism comprises a nut, and the bolt and the nut are detachably connected to achieve independent locking of the battery pack on the quick-change bracket or a beam of the electric vehicle.

3. The quick-change assembly according to claim 2, wherein the bolt is disposed on the battery pack, and the nut is disposed on the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam; or the nut is arranged on the battery pack, and the bolt is arranged on the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam.

4. The quick-change assembly according to claim 3, wherein the bolt or the nut is disposed at a middle position of the battery pack, and the bolt or the nut penetrates through the battery pack.

5. The quick-change assembly according to claim 3, wherein the bolt or nut is floatingly coupled to the battery pack.

6. The quick-change assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that the bolt or the nut is floatingly connected to the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam.

7. The quick-change assembly according to claim 3, wherein the locking mechanism further includes a fixed base to which the nut is floatingly coupled.

8. The quick-change assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that one end of the bolt is provided with a threaded portion for threaded connection with the nut.

9. The quick-change assembly according to claim 8, wherein the lock shaft assembly further comprises a housing, and the bolt is disposed in the housing and can be vertically lifted or rotated relative to the housing.

10. The quick-change assembly according to claim 8, further comprising an anti-rotation backstop structure coupled to the bolt and/or nut to prevent relative rotational movement between the bolt and the nut.

11. The quick-change assembly according to claim 10, wherein the anti-rotation and anti-backup structure includes a coupling portion having an internal vertical groove, the other end of the bolt having a splined portion, the internal vertical groove being adapted to engage the splined portion to prevent rotation of the bolt relative to the nut.

12. The quick-change assembly according to claim 11, wherein the anti-rotation and anti-backup structure further comprises an inner ring gear and an outer ring gear that are engaged with each other, the connecting portion being fixed to the outer ring gear.

13. The quick-change assembly according to claim 12, wherein the inner gear ring has an inner flange therein for limiting downward vertical movement of the outer gear ring.

14. The quick-change assembly according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the battery packs are arranged along a length direction or a width direction of a body of the electric vehicle.

15. The quick-change assembly according to claim 1, wherein a second buffer structure is provided between adjacent battery packs.

16. The quick-change assembly according to claim 1, wherein the quick-change bracket has a plurality of battery receiving grooves with downward openings along a length direction or a width direction of a vehicle body of the electric vehicle, each battery receiving groove receives one battery pack, and the first buffer structure is arranged between each battery pack and the corresponding battery receiving groove.

17. The quick-change assembly according to claim 16, further comprising a locking mechanism and a vertically arranged locking shaft assembly, wherein the locking mechanism and the locking shaft assembly are respectively arranged in each battery accommodating groove and on the long side wall and/or the short side wall of each battery pack, and the locking shaft assembly and the locking mechanism are matched in a vertical direction to detachably connect the battery pack to the quick-change bracket in a bolt locking manner.

18. The quick-change assembly according to claim 17, wherein the number of the lock shaft components is multiple, and the lock shaft components are arranged on the side walls of the long side and/or the short side of the battery pack at intervals.

19. The quick-change assembly according to claim 18, wherein a plurality of the first buffer structures are provided on the long-side wall of the battery pack.

20. The quick-change assembly according to claim 19, wherein the first buffer structures are also provided on the short-side walls of the battery pack, and the number of the first buffer structures on the long-side walls of the battery pack is greater than the number of the first buffer structures on the short-side walls of the battery pack.

21. The quick-change assembly according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein a plurality of third buffer structures are provided on the side walls and/or the top of the battery pack, the third buffer structures being configured for vertical buffering.

22. The quick-change assembly according to claim 17, wherein the lock shaft assembly is disposed at a middle-lower portion of a long-side wall of the battery pack.

23. The quick-change assembly according to claim 17, wherein the lock shaft assembly at least partially overlaps the first bumper structure in a height direction.

24. The quick-change assembly according to claim 17, wherein the lock shaft assembly is at the same height as the first buffer structure.

25. The quick-change assembly according to claim 1, wherein the first buffer structure includes a resilient member that is coupled to the battery pack or the quick-change cradle.

26. The quick-change assembly according to claim 25, wherein the first buffer structure further comprises a limiting member, and the limiting member and the elastic member are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and are respectively arranged on the battery pack and the quick-change bracket;

27. The quick-change assembly according to claim 1, wherein a battery-end water connector is provided on a top portion of the battery pack, and a vehicle-end water connector is provided on the quick-change bracket, and the battery-end water connector is in butt-joint communication with the vehicle-end water connector when the battery pack is attached to the quick-change bracket.

28. The quick-change assembly according to claim 1, wherein a battery-end electrical connector is provided on a top portion of the battery pack, and a vehicle-end electrical connector is provided on the quick-change bracket, the battery-end electrical connector being in abutting communication with the vehicle-end electrical connector when the battery pack is attached to the quick-change bracket.

29. A vehicle for replacing batteries, characterized in that a quick-change assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 28 is provided.

30. The battery replacement vehicle of claim 29, wherein the battery replacement vehicle is an electric truck.

31. The battery replacement vehicle as claimed in claim 29, further comprising a vehicle beam, wherein the quick-change bracket is connected with the vehicle beam of the battery replacement vehicle, the battery pack is located below the vehicle beam, and the battery pack is vertically mounted on the quick-change bracket from the bottom of the battery replacement vehicle in a bolt locking manner.