CN116118449A

CN116118449A - Electric vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN116118449A
Application number: CN202210854570.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张建平; 王凯枫
Original assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd; Shanghai Dianba New Energy Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd; Shanghai Dianba New Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-15
Filing date: 2022-07-15
Publication date: 2023-05-16
Also published as: WO2024011959A1

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric vehicle, which comprises: a vehicle body; the quick-change bracket is connected to the beam of the vehicle body; the quick-change bracket forms a plurality of battery pack accommodating areas along the length direction of the vehicle body, and each accommodating area is independently provided with a locking mechanism; the battery packs are provided with locking pieces, the locking pieces are detachably connected with the locking mechanisms, the battery packs are connected to the corresponding battery pack accommodating areas through the locking pieces respectively, and the battery packs are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the vehicle body. Through the arrangement, the position of the quick-change bracket relative to the vehicle body girder can be adjusted according to the internal layout of the electric vehicle and the structure of the battery so as to adapt to electric vehicles of different models, and therefore, the arrangement among the battery packs is flexible.

Description

Electric vehicle

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of power conversion, and particularly relates to an electric vehicle.

Background

The conventional battery pack arrangement method of an electric vehicle is generally classified into a stationary type and a quick-change type, wherein a stationary type battery is generally fixed on the vehicle, and the vehicle is directly used as a charging object during charging. While quick-change battery packs are typically secured to the vehicle's bracket by means of a removable mounting. The battery pack may be removed to individually perform a replacement or charging operation for the battery box. And after the replaced battery pack is charged, the battery pack is reinstalled on the vehicle.

Wherein, to quick change formula battery package, holistic battery package is big and heavy, and the change degree of difficulty is big. Especially for large vehicles, such as heavy truck type, the vehicle body and the heavy load are very large, so that the requirement of the large vehicle on the capacity of the battery pack is high, and the large vehicle can be supported to travel hundreds of kilometers by electric energy with enough large capacity.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defect of high replacement difficulty caused by large battery pack in the prior art, and provides an electric vehicle.

The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical scheme:

an electric vehicle comprising:

a vehicle body;

the quick-change bracket is connected to the beam of the vehicle body; the quick-change bracket forms a plurality of battery pack accommodating areas along the length direction of the vehicle body, and each accommodating area is independently provided with a locking mechanism;

the battery packs are provided with locking pieces, the locking pieces are detachably connected with the locking mechanisms, the battery packs are connected to the corresponding battery pack accommodating areas through the locking pieces respectively, and the battery packs are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the vehicle body.

In this technical scheme, can be according to electric vehicle's inside overall arrangement and the structure of battery, the position of adjustment quick change support for the automobile body girder to the electric vehicle of adaptation different models, consequently the arrangement between the battery package is comparatively nimble. The battery pack accommodating areas are used for accommodating a plurality of battery packs, and the battery packs are divided into boxes, so that the battery packs can be conveniently replaced, and labor is saved when the battery packs are replaced; after the battery packs are placed in the boxes, different quantities of battery packs can be matched and installed according to the electric quantity required by the electric vehicle, so that the compatibility is high; in addition, the battery pack is divided into boxes, so that compared with the whole battery pack in transportation, large-scale transportation equipment is not required to be adopted for transporting the battery packs after the boxes are divided, and the equipment material cost is reduced. In addition, the battery packs are divided into boxes in the length direction (X direction) of the vehicle, and compared with the boxes in the width direction (Y direction) of the vehicle, the boxes in the X direction are not easy to generate unbalanced load in the power conversion process, and the unbalanced load of the vehicle can not be caused under the condition that only part of the battery packs are mounted on the electric vehicle, so that the use mode is more flexible and the applicability is better; in addition, the X-direction box separation is convenient for unlocking operation of an unlocking mechanism on the battery replacing equipment along gaps among a plurality of battery packs, and the battery replacing equipment cannot interfere with the battery packs in the process of reciprocating to the bottom of the vehicle from the side surface of the vehicle.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket comprises a bracket body, wherein the bracket body is of a frame structure, the bracket body comprises a plurality of first supporting beams which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body and a plurality of second supporting beams which extend along the length direction of the vehicle body, the second supporting beams are respectively connected to two ends of the first supporting beams, the first supporting beams and the second supporting beams are connected and enclosed to form the frame structure, and a space between two adjacent first supporting beams along the length direction of the vehicle body forms the battery pack accommodating area; the locking mechanism is arranged on the side part of the first supporting beam.

In this technical scheme, can be according to electric vehicle's inside overall arrangement and battery package's structure or battery package quantity, the position of adjustment support body for the roof beam to the electric vehicle of different models of adaptation, consequently, the arrangement between the battery package is comparatively nimble, and has reduced the whole processing degree of difficulty of quick change support, in addition, the support body adopts frame-type structure, and structural strength is high and does benefit to the weight reduction.

Preferably, the locking mechanism is distributed on at least one side of the battery pack accommodating area along the width and/or length direction of the vehicle body; and the side wall of the battery pack is provided with the locking piece matched with the locking mechanism along the width and/or length direction of the vehicle body.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structural style, locking mechanism is located at least one side of battery package accommodation area, and correspondingly, the locking piece is located the lateral wall of battery package, and spatial layout is reasonable to the battery package gets into the in-process that the battery package held the district, realizes the connection of locking piece and locking mechanism.

Preferably, at least two locking mechanisms are arranged on at least one side of the battery pack accommodating area along the length and/or width direction of the vehicle body, and the at least two locking mechanisms are arranged at intervals along the length and/or width direction of the vehicle body.

In this scheme, at one side of battery package holding area, set up a plurality of lock points between battery package and the battery package holding area, fix the battery package in the battery package holding area through a plurality of locking mechanism to improve reliability and stability that the battery package locked in quick change support.

Preferably, the locking member is located at or below the middle of the battery pack in the height direction of the battery pack.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structural style, realize being connected with locking mechanism through the locking piece that is located battery package middle part or middle part below the region, the tie point is located battery package middle part or middle part below the region, reduces the battery package and needs unsettled region that sets up, and locking stability is high.

Preferably, the battery pack is located at the bottom of the vehicle beam or the battery pack is higher than the lower surface of the vehicle beam along the height direction of the vehicle body.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structural style, set up the installation space of battery package in the roof beam bottom, make full use of the space of roof beam below, be favorable to improving space layout rationality. The battery pack part is higher than the lower surface of the vehicle beam, so that the space utilization rate is effectively improved, the ground clearance of the lower surface of the battery pack is increased, and the battery pack bottom is convenient for the battery replacement equipment to enter and exit.

Preferably, the battery pack accommodation region includes a plurality of sub-accommodation regions juxtaposed in a vehicle body width direction of the electric vehicle, the sub-accommodation regions being for independently mounting the battery pack.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structural style, battery package accommodation area is cut apart into a plurality of sub-accommodation areas, and a plurality of battery packages can be installed to single battery package accommodation area, have further reduced single battery package's volume and weight, have reduced the requirement to the battery replacement device to reduce the battery replacement cost.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket comprises two groups of sub-brackets arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body, at least one side of each sub-bracket forms the battery pack accommodating area, each sub-bracket comprises a plurality of segmented beams arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body, each segmented beam is connected with the vehicle beam, and at least the outer side wall of each segmented beam is provided with the locking mechanism.

In the technical scheme, the number of the sectional beams can be increased or reduced according to actual needs, the flexibility is high, and the stability of the battery pack installation is improved conveniently.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket comprises a plurality of independent bracket bodies, wherein the independent bracket bodies are distributed along the length direction of the vehicle body, and each bracket body forms a battery pack accommodating area; the locking mechanism is arranged at the side part of the bracket body.

In this technical scheme, can be according to electric vehicle's inside overall arrangement and the structure of battery package, the number of adjustment support body and for the position of roof beam to the electric vehicle of adaptation different models, it is more nimble compared with the arrangement of the quick change support of integrated processing.

Preferably, along the length direction of the body, a plurality of locking mechanisms are oppositely arranged in the battery pack accommodating area of the bracket body.

In this technical scheme, locking mechanism is located the space of relative closure between two body girders, and the security is high.

Preferably, along the length direction of the vehicle body, one side of the battery pack accommodating area is provided with at least two locking mechanisms, and at least two locking mechanisms are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle body.

In this technical scheme, realize the locking jointly through a plurality of locking mechanisms, increase the lock point between battery package and the quick change support, the locking effect is stable.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket comprises a first connecting beam extending along the length direction of the vehicle body and a second connecting beam extending along the direction perpendicular to the ground of the vehicle body, and the quick-change bracket is connected with the side part of the vehicle beam through the first connecting beam and the second connecting beam.

In this technical scheme, quick change support can be fixed in vertical direction through the second tie-beam again on the basis that the first tie-beam can be fixed in the horizontal direction for quick change support is more firm for the fixed of roof beam.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket comprises a bracket body, a plurality of first reinforcing ribs and a plurality of second reinforcing ribs, wherein the first reinforcing ribs are arranged between the first connecting beam and the bracket body at intervals, and the second reinforcing ribs are arranged between the first connecting beam and the second connecting beam at intervals.

In this technical scheme, second tie-beam, support body and first strengthening rib form firm structure, guarantee the connection reliability of quick change support. The first connecting beam, the vehicle beam and the second reinforcing ribs form a firm structure, so that the connection reliability of the quick-change bracket is ensured.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket further comprises a connector assembly, wherein the connector assembly comprises a mounting vehicle end connector and a mounting piece, each battery pack accommodating area is respectively provided with the mounting piece, the mounting piece is connected to the quick-change bracket, and the vehicle end connector is arranged on the mounting piece.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structural style, through set up the car end connector in every battery package holds the district, each battery package of being convenient for realizes independently supplying power to electric vehicle to satisfy the branch case demand. The car end connector is connected to the quick-change bracket through the mounting piece, the connection is stable and reliable, the mounting piece can be mounted by utilizing an idle area in the battery pack accommodating area, mounting interference with the locking mechanism can be avoided, a mounting space can be reserved for the car end connector, other space occupation is avoided, and the space layout rationality is improved.

Preferably, the mounting member includes a support beam and a support plate, the support plate is connected to the quick-change bracket by the support beam, and the vehicle end connector is disposed on the support plate, or the mounting member includes a mounting plate, the mounting plate is connected to the quick-change bracket, and the vehicle end connector is disposed on the mounting plate.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structural style for the backup pad of installation car end connector passes through a supporting beam to be fixed on quick change support, compares in the length through increasing the backup pad for the both ends of backup pad can direct mount in quick change support, save material's use. The support plate of the installation car end connector is directly connected to the quick-change bracket, so that the assembly efficiency is improved, and the processing of parts is also facilitated.

Preferably, the number of the vehicle beams is two, the two vehicle beams are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the length direction of the vehicle body, and the mounting piece is positioned between the two vehicle beams.

In this technical scheme, the installed part is located between the roof beam, that is to say that the car end connector is located between two roof beams, compares with installing car end connector in the both sides of quick change support for load balance, more firm, and the security is higher, the effectual inner space who utilizes electric vehicle.

Preferably, the electric vehicle further comprises a first limiting mechanism, wherein the first limiting mechanism is installed on the quick-change bracket and is used for being matched with a positioning hole at the top of the battery pack so as to position the battery pack.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structural style, realize the location between battery package and the quick change support through first stop gear and locating hole cooperation to play the guide effect when the battery package is installed to the quick change support, in order to improve the installation accuracy that the battery package got into the battery package and holds in the district, improve the installation effectiveness of battery package. Meanwhile, after the battery pack is mounted on the quick-change bracket, the first limiting mechanism and the positioning hole which are matched with each other can limit the battery pack, so that the battery pack is prevented from shaking in the running process of the vehicle.

Preferably, the electric vehicle further includes a second limit mechanism provided at opposite ends along a length direction of the body and opposite ends along a width direction of the body.

In this technical scheme, second stop gear can realize the location of two degrees of freedom in the horizontal direction to the battery package at the length of automobile body and the opposite both ends of width direction respectively, realizes the stability of location.

Preferably, the second limiting mechanism comprises a limiting seat and a limiting piece, wherein one limiting seat and one limiting piece are arranged on the battery pack, the other limiting seat is arranged on the bracket body, and an elastic piece is arranged on the limiting seat and is contacted with the elastic piece to position the battery pack.

In this technical scheme, the elastic sheet is used for preventing the rigidity collision between battery package and the quick change support, realizes elastic buffering, through elastic sheet and spacing protruding cooperation, restricts the displacement of battery package in the battery package holding area, prevents that the battery package from damaging. Because the space that quick change support and battery package contacted in the horizontal direction is limited, consequently advance extrusion location's mode through locating part and elastic sheet and can improve space utilization, also can realize the location effect that is preferred in the horizontal direction simultaneously.

Preferably, the end of the elastic piece is inclined to form a guiding inclined plane.

In this technical scheme, the tip slope setting of elastic piece forms the direction inclined plane, and the direction inclined plane makes the elastic piece have better elasticity and better guidance quality to make things convenient for the elastic component to install the location for quick change support, also help further to restrict the elastic piece and move for quick change support.

Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a locking bracket, the locking bracket is provided with a channel extending along the gravity direction, the locking mechanism further comprises a first locking part and a second locking part, and the first locking part is rotatably arranged on the locking bracket; the first locking part is configured to prevent the locking piece positioned in the channel from moving downwards to lock the locking piece when the first locking part rotates to a locking position; the second locking portion is configured to prevent rotation of the first locking portion when the first locking portion is rotated to the locking position, so that the first locking portion is held in the locking position.

In this technical scheme, when the locking of locking piece is realized to first locking portion, second locking portion is spacing to first locking portion, and the locking is convenient, reliable, is favorable to promoting the efficiency of battery package installation and dismantlement, does benefit to the quick replacement that realizes the battery package.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket further comprises a protection plate, and the protection plate covers the top of the battery pack.

In this technical scheme, adopt above-mentioned structural style, the top of battery package is covered and is had the protection shield, reduces debris such as dust, rainwater and gets into the battery package and holds the district to avoid causing the influence to the performance of battery package.

Preferably, a buffer pad is arranged on one side of the protection plate facing the top of the battery pack, and/or an avoidance part is arranged on one side of the protection plate facing the top of the battery pack.

In this technical scheme, set up the blotter and can prevent that the battery package from scraping the battery package surface when removing, play the effect of protection battery package, also can reduce the rocking of battery package. In addition, the vehicle end connector can be arranged on the protective plate, a gap is formed between the battery pack and the protective plate in the area outside the junction of the vehicle end connector, and the buffer pad is arranged to compensate the gap, so that uniform load distribution is ensured. In addition, set up in the protection plate and dodge the portion, be convenient for walk the line, also can dodge the interior car end connector of installation of portion, spatial layout is reasonable, avoids taking place the contact interference between car end connector and the protection plate.

Preferably, the electric vehicle is an electric truck.

In the technical scheme, the power and the total energy required by the operation of the electric truck are large, so that the battery with large volume needs to be adapted, and the small-volume battery can be adapted to the electric truck through the arrangement, thereby reducing the electricity changing cost.

The invention has the positive progress effects that: a plurality of battery packs are placed in the plurality of battery pack accommodating areas, and the battery packs are subjected to box division design, so that the battery packs can be conveniently replaced, and labor is saved when the battery packs are replaced; after the battery packs are placed in the boxes, different quantities of battery packs can be matched and installed according to the electric quantity required by the electric vehicle, so that the compatibility is high; in addition, the battery pack is divided into boxes, so that compared with the whole battery pack in transportation, large-scale transportation equipment is not required to be adopted for transporting the battery packs after the boxes are divided, and the equipment material cost is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an electric vehicle in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an electric vehicle in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of an electric vehicle in embodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of an electric vehicle in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a partial perspective structure of an electric car in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of FIG. 4 at A;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of FIG. 4 at B;

fig. 8 is a partially enlarged perspective view of the transfer frame in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a locking structure in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a second limiting mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a partial perspective structure of a quick-change bracket according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a quick-change bracket and a battery pack according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a quick-change bracket and a battery pack according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic perspective view of a quick-change bracket and a battery pack according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Reference numerals illustrate:

electric vehicle 100

Body 1

Vehicle beam 11

Quick change stand 2

Bracket body 21

First support beam 201

Second support beam 202

First connecting beam 203

Second connecting beam 204

First stiffener 205

Second stiffener 206

Transfer frame 3

Beam 31

Longitudinal beam 32

Battery pack 4

Locking mechanism 5

Locking bracket 51

First locking portion 52

Second locking portion 53

Locking member 6

Connector assembly 7

Vehicle end connector 71

Mounting member 72

Support beam 720

Support plate 721

Locating pin 8

Guide surface 81

Spacing seat 91

Limiting member 92

Elastic sheet 93

Guide slope 930

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by means of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, 4 to 12, the present embodiment provides an electric vehicle 100, and the electric vehicle 100 is an electric truck.

Specifically, the electric truck includes: the vehicle body comprises a vehicle body, a quick-change bracket 2 and a plurality of battery packs 4, wherein the quick-change bracket 4 is connected to a vehicle beam 11 of the vehicle body; the quick-change bracket 2 forms a plurality of battery pack accommodating areas along the length direction of the vehicle body, and each accommodating area is independently provided with a locking mechanism 5; the battery packs 4 are provided with locking pieces 6, the locking pieces 6 are detachably connected with the locking mechanisms 5, the battery packs 4 are respectively connected to corresponding battery pack accommodating areas through the locking pieces 6, and the battery packs 4 are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the vehicle body.

The position of the quick-change bracket 2 relative to the body frame can be adjusted according to the internal layout of the electric vehicle 100 and the structure of the battery to adapt to electric vehicles 100 of different models, so that the arrangement between the battery packs 4 is flexible. The battery pack 4 is placed in a plurality of battery pack accommodating areas, the plurality of battery packs 4 are respectively arranged and fixed on the body of the electric vehicle 100 in parallel along the width direction of the body through the quick-change bracket 2, and the battery packs 4 are subjected to box-separating design, so that the battery packs 4 are convenient to replace, and labor is saved when the battery packs 4 are replaced; after the battery packs 4 are placed in boxes, different quantities of battery packs 4 can be matched and installed according to the power consumption required by the electric vehicle 100, so that the compatibility is high; in addition, the battery packs 4 are arranged in the case, compared with the whole battery packs 4, the large-scale conveying equipment is not needed to be adopted for conveying the battery packs 4 after the case separation, and the equipment material cost is reduced. The plurality of battery packs 4 are arranged in parallel along the width direction of the vehicle body, so that the space at the bottom of the vehicle beam 11 and at the two sides of the vehicle beam can be effectively utilized, and the space utilization rate is high. The electric vehicle in this embodiment is an electric truck, and the electric truck requires larger power and total energy in operation, so that a battery with larger volume needs to be adapted.

In addition, the battery packs are divided into boxes in the length direction (X direction) of the vehicle, and compared with the boxes in the width direction (Y direction) of the vehicle, the boxes in the X direction are not easy to generate unbalanced load in the power conversion process, and the unbalanced load of the vehicle can not be caused under the condition that only part of the battery packs are mounted on the electric vehicle, so that the use mode is more flexible and the applicability is better; in addition, the X-direction box separation is convenient for unlocking operation of an unlocking mechanism on the battery replacing equipment along gaps among a plurality of battery packs, and the battery replacing equipment cannot interfere with the battery packs in the process of reciprocating to the bottom of the vehicle from the side surface of the vehicle. Specifically, the quick-change bracket 2 includes a bracket body 21, the bracket body 21 is a frame structure, the bracket body 21 includes a plurality of first support beams 201 arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body and a plurality of second support beams 202 extending along the length direction of the vehicle body, the second support beams 202 are respectively connected to two ends of the first support beams 201, the first support beams 201 and the second support beams 202 are connected and enclosed to form a frame structure, and a battery pack accommodating area is formed along the space between two adjacent first support beams 201 along the length direction of the vehicle body; the locking mechanism 5 is provided on a side portion of the first support beam 201.

The position of the bracket body 21 relative to the vehicle beam 11 can be adjusted according to the internal layout of the electric vehicle 100 and the structure of the battery packs 4 or the number of the battery packs 4 so as to adapt to the electric vehicles 100 with different models, so that the arrangement between the battery packs 4 is flexible, the overall processing difficulty of the quick-change bracket 2 is reduced, and in addition, the bracket body 21 adopts a frame structure, so that the structural strength is high and the weight is reduced.

As an alternative embodiment, the battery pack accommodating area includes a plurality of sub-accommodating areas arranged side by side in the width direction of the vehicle body, and each sub-accommodating area is provided with a locking mechanism, so that each sub-accommodating area can independently mount the battery pack, that is, each battery pack accommodating area can mount a plurality of small battery packs, thus further reducing the volume and weight of a single battery pack, reducing the requirement on the power exchanging device, and further reducing the power exchanging cost. For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, each battery accommodating area may be divided into three sub-accommodating areas along the width direction of the vehicle body, and one small battery pack is provided in each sub-accommodating area, so that the quick-change bracket 2 may simultaneously install nine independent battery packs. The number of sub-receiving areas in the respective battery pack receiving areas on the same quick-change bracket 2 may be different, for example, the battery pack receiving area located at the forefront of the vehicle body may have three sub-receiving areas, and the battery pack receiving area in the middle may have only two sub-receiving areas. On the premise of meeting the requirement of battery pack installation, the number and arrangement modes of the sub-accommodation areas can be adjusted arbitrarily by a person skilled in the art.

In this embodiment, along the height direction of the battery pack 4, the locking piece 6 is located in the middle of the battery pack 4, and the locking piece 6 located in the middle or lower middle of the battery pack 4 is connected with the locking mechanism 5, so that the connection point is located in the middle or lower middle of the battery pack 4, the area where the battery pack 4 needs to be suspended is reduced, and the locking stability is high. In other alternative embodiments, the locking member 6 may also be located in an area below the middle of the battery pack 4. The present invention is not particularly limited, and may be adapted according to actual needs as long as the locking member 6 can be coupled to the corresponding battery pack receiving area.

Secondly, along the direction of height of automobile body, battery package 4 is located roof beam 11 bottom, sets up battery package 4's installation space in roof beam 11 bottom, make full use of the space of roof beam 11 below, be favorable to improving space layout rationality. The part of the battery pack 4 is higher than the lower surface of Che Liang, so that the space utilization rate is effectively improved, the ground clearance of the lower surface of the battery pack 4 is increased, and the battery replacement equipment can conveniently enter and exit the bottom of the battery pack 4. In other alternative embodiments, the battery pack 4 may also be partially raised above the lower surface of Che Liang, e.g., one or more portions of the battery pack 4 may protrude upward, up to Yu Cheliang a, to make full use of the space above. As long as the battery pack 4 can not interfere with other components, the shape and position of the battery pack 4 are not particularly limited here.

Along the length direction of the vehicle body 1, the locking mechanism 5 is distributed on at least one side of the battery pack accommodating area, and the side wall of the battery pack 4 is provided with a locking piece 6 matched with the locking mechanism 5. The locking mechanism 5 is located at least one side of the battery pack accommodation area, and accordingly, the locking member 6 is located on the side wall of the battery pack 4, and the space layout is reasonable, so that the connection between the locking member 6 and the locking mechanism 5 is realized in the process that the battery pack 4 enters the battery pack accommodation area. Preferably, the locking mechanism 5 is distributed on both sides of the battery pack accommodating area along the length direction of the vehicle body 1. The locking mechanism 5 is located the both sides of battery package holding area, and the lock point is located the both sides of battery package 4 for battery package 4 both sides all can be realized holding the district with the battery package and be connected, in order to improve the equilibrium.

In other embodiments, as an alternative means, the locking mechanism 5 is distributed on at least one side of the battery pack accommodating area along the width direction of the vehicle body 1, and the side wall of the battery pack 4 is provided with a locking piece 6 that cooperates with the locking mechanism 5. Preferably, the locking mechanism 5 is distributed on both sides of the battery pack accommodating area in the width direction of the vehicle body 1. Or, along the length direction of the vehicle body 1, the locking mechanism 5 is distributed on at least one side of the battery pack accommodating area, and the side wall of the battery pack 4 is provided with a locking piece 6 matched with the locking mechanism 5; along the width direction of the vehicle body 1, the locking mechanism 5 is distributed on at least one side of the battery pack accommodating area, and the side wall of the battery pack 4 is provided with a locking piece 6 matched with the locking mechanism 5. Preferably, locking mechanism 5 distributes in the side all around of battery package holding area, and locking piece 6 of the lateral wall all around of battery package 4 are all fixed in the battery package holding area through locking mechanism 5, and the locking effect is stable, further prevents dropping of battery package 4.

Along the width direction of the body 1, at least one side of the battery pack accommodating area is provided with at least two locking mechanisms 5, and at least two locking mechanisms 5 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the body 1. At one side of the battery pack accommodation area, a plurality of locking points are arranged between the battery pack 4 and the battery pack accommodation area, and the battery pack 4 is fixed in the battery pack accommodation area through a plurality of locking mechanisms 5, so that the reliability and stability of the battery pack 4 locked in the quick-change bracket 2 are improved. Preferably, at least two locking mechanisms 5 are provided on both sides of the battery pack accommodating area in the width direction of the vehicle body 1.

In other embodiments, as an alternative means, at least two locking mechanisms 5 are provided on one side of the battery pack accommodating area in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body 1, and at least two locking mechanisms 5 are provided at intervals in the width direction of the vehicle body 1. Preferably, at least two locking mechanisms 5 are provided on both sides of the battery pack accommodating area in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body 1. Or, at least one side of the battery pack accommodating area is provided with at least two locking mechanisms 5 along the width direction of the vehicle body 1, and the at least two locking mechanisms 5 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body 1; along the length direction of the body 1, one side of the battery pack accommodation area is provided with at least two locking mechanisms 5, and at least two locking mechanisms 5 are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the body 1. Preferably, at least two locking mechanisms 5 are provided on both sides of the battery pack accommodating area in the width direction of the vehicle body 1; along the length direction of the vehicle body 1, both sides of the battery pack accommodating area are also provided with at least two locking mechanisms 5.

In the present embodiment, the quick-change bracket 2 includes a first connecting beam 203 extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and a second connecting beam 204 extending in the direction perpendicular to the ground along the vehicle body, and the quick-change bracket 2 is connected to the side portion of the vehicle beam 11 through the first connecting beam 203 and the second connecting beam 204.

The first connection beam 203 is installed at the side of the vehicle beam 11 so that the installation space is larger and the installation and the removal are facilitated. The quick-change bracket 2 can be fixed in the vertical direction through the second connecting beam 204 on the basis that the first connecting beam 203 can be fixed in the horizontal direction, so that the quick-change bracket 2 is more firmly fixed relative to the vehicle beam 11.

In the present embodiment, the quick-change bracket 2 includes a plurality of first reinforcing ribs 205 and a plurality of second reinforcing ribs 206, the plurality of first reinforcing ribs 205 being disposed between the first connection beam 203 and the bracket body 21 at intervals, and the plurality of second reinforcing ribs 206 being disposed between the first connection beam 203 and the second connection beam 204 at intervals. The second connection beam 204, the bracket body 21 and the first reinforcing ribs 205 form a firm structure, and the connection reliability of the bracket of the battery pack 4 is ensured. The first connection beam 203, the vehicle beam 11 and the second reinforcing ribs 206 form a firm structure, and the connection reliability of the bracket of the battery pack 4 is ensured.

In this embodiment, the quick-change bracket 2 further comprises a connector assembly 7, the connector assembly 7 comprises a mounting vehicle-end connector 71 and a mounting member 72, each battery pack accommodating area is respectively provided with the mounting member 72, the mounting member 72 is connected to the quick-change bracket 2, and the vehicle-end connector 71 is arranged on the mounting member 72. The mounting member 72 includes a support beam 720 and a support plate 721, the support plate 721 is connected to the quick-change bracket 2 through the support beam 720, and the vehicle-end connector 71 is provided on the support plate 721. By providing the vehicle end connector 71 in each battery pack accommodation area, each battery pack 4 is facilitated to realize independent power supply to the electric vehicle 100, thereby satisfying the case division requirement. The car end connector 71 is connected to the quick-change bracket 2 through the mounting piece 72, the connection is stable and reliable, and the mounting piece 72 can be mounted by utilizing an idle area in a battery pack accommodating area, so that mounting interference with a locking mechanism can be avoided, a mounting space can be reserved for the car end connector 71, other space occupation is avoided, and the improvement of space layout rationality is facilitated.

In other alternative embodiments, the mounting member 72 includes a mounting plate that is coupled to the quick-change bracket 2, and the vehicle end connector 71 is disposed on the mounting plate. In the present embodiment, the vehicle-end connector 71 includes a liquid-cooled connector and an electrical connector, which are sequentially arranged on the mounting plate. Specifically, the vehicle-end electrical connector on the quick-change bracket 2 is connected with the circuit control unit of the electric vehicle 100, thereby realizing the electrical connection of the battery pack 4 with the electric vehicle 100, so that the battery pack 4 can supply power to the electric vehicle 100. The liquid cooling connector is connected with the cooling system of the electric vehicle 100, and the cooling liquid can flow into the battery pack 4 through the battery end water connector and the vehicle end water connector to cool or insulate the battery pack 4, so that the temperature of the battery pack 4 is always kept within a normal range, and the normal power supply of the battery pack 4 is ensured.

In this embodiment, the electric connector and the liquid cooling connector are mounted on the top of the quick-change bracket 2, compared with the conventional art that the battery end electric connector is mounted on the side wall of the battery pack 4, the space of the battery side portion occupied by the battery end electric connector can be avoided, so that the side portion of the battery pack 4 can have more space to mount other structures.

In the present embodiment, the number of the vehicle beams 11 is two, the two vehicle beams 11 are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and the mounting member 72 is located between the two vehicle beams 11.

The mounting members 72 are located between the vehicle beams 11, that is, the electrical connectors are mounted between the vehicle beams 11, and make the load balanced, more stable, and safer, effectively utilizing the inner space of the electric vehicle 100, as compared to mounting the connector assembly 7 on both sides of the quick-change bracket 2.

Referring to fig. 11, in the present embodiment, the electric vehicle 100 further includes a first limiting mechanism mounted on the quick-change bracket 2 for cooperating with a positioning hole at the top of the battery pack 4 to position the battery pack 4. The quick-change bracket 2 is also provided with a guide mechanism, so that the space utilization rate of the electric vehicle 100 is effectively improved, and the positioning accuracy of the battery pack 4 is improved. The positioning between the battery pack 4 and the quick-change bracket 2 is realized through the cooperation of the first limiting mechanism and the positioning hole, so that a guiding effect is realized when the battery pack 4 is installed in the quick-change bracket 2, the installation accuracy of the battery pack 4 in the accommodating area of the battery pack 4 is improved, and the installation efficiency of the battery pack 4 is improved. Meanwhile, after the battery pack 4 is mounted on the quick-change bracket 2, the first limiting mechanism and the positioning hole which are matched with each other can limit the battery pack 4, so that the battery pack 4 is prevented from shaking in the running process of the vehicle.

Specifically, referring to fig. 11, the first limiting mechanism is a positioning pin 8, the end of the positioning pin 8 near the battery pack 4 has a guiding surface 81 with a gradually decreasing diameter, and by the guiding surface 81 with a gradually decreasing diameter of the end of the limiting mechanism, a certain offset error can be tolerated to insert the limiting mechanism into the positioning hole of the battery pack 4 more easily, and even if there is a small error in the horizontal direction, accurate alignment of the battery pack 4 can be achieved. Preferably, the positioning pins 8 may be disposed at both sides of the support plate 721.

It should be noted that, in other alternative embodiments, the cross sections of the positioning pin 8 and the positioning hole may be non-circular, for example, diamond pins may be used, where the diamond pins are easier to orient than circular pins, but lack a certain degree of freedom, and may be adapted according to the actual needs, and are not limited in this regard.

In the present embodiment, the electric vehicle 100 further includes second stopper mechanisms provided at opposite ends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body and opposite ends in the width direction of the vehicle body. The second limiting mechanism can position two degrees of freedom of the battery pack 4 in the horizontal direction at two opposite ends of the length and width directions of the vehicle body respectively, and positioning stability is achieved.

Specifically, the second stop mechanism includes a stop seat 91 and a stop member 92, one of the stop seat 91 and the stop member 92 is disposed on the battery pack 4, the other is disposed on the bracket body 21, an elastic sheet 93 is disposed on the stop seat 91, and the stop member 92 contacts with the elastic sheet 93 to position the battery pack 4. The elastic piece 93 is used for preventing the rigid collision between the battery pack 4 and the quick-change bracket 2, realizes elastic buffering, and through the cooperation of the elastic piece 93 and the limiting piece, limits the displacement of the battery pack 4 in the battery pack accommodation area, prevents the damage of the battery pack 4. Because the space that quick change support 2 and battery package 4 contacted in the horizontal direction is limited, consequently carry out extrusion location's mode through locating part 92 and elastic piece 93 and can improve space utilization, also can realize the location effect that is preferred in the horizontal direction simultaneously.

The quantity of elastic piece 93 and spacing seat 91 is the same and all is a plurality of, and the quantity one-to-one setting of elastic piece 93 and spacing seat 91, elastic piece 93 all connect on quick change support 2's inside wall, and spacing component all connects on the lateral wall of battery package 4. The elastic piece 93 is used for preventing the rigid collision between the battery package 4 and the quick-change bracket 2, realizes elastic buffering, and through the cooperation of the limiting seat 91 and the elastic piece 93, restricts the movement of the battery package 4 relative to the quick-change bracket 2, prevents the battery package 4 from damaging.

In other alternative embodiments, the limiting seats 91 may be connected to the inner side walls of the quick-change bracket 2, and the elastic pieces 93 may be connected to the outer side walls of the battery pack 4. Alternatively, the inner side wall of the quick-change bracket 2 may be connected with a part of the elastic piece 93 and a part of the stopper 91, and the outer side wall of the battery pack 4 may be connected with a corresponding part of the stopper 91 and a corresponding part of the elastic piece 93.

In the present embodiment, the end portions of the elastic pieces 93 are disposed obliquely to form a guide slope 930. The guide slope 930 is formed to be bent toward the inner side wall of the quick-change bracket 2 of the electric vehicle 100 such that the guide slope 930 is for engagement with the inner side wall of the quick-change bracket 2. In other alternative embodiments, the guiding inclined surface 930 may be formed into a hook shape, which hooks the lower surface of the inner side wall of the quick-change bracket 2, and the guiding inclined surface 930 allows the elastic piece 93 to have better elasticity and better guiding property, so that the elastic piece 93 is convenient to be installed and positioned relative to the quick-change bracket 2, and also helps to further limit the movement of the elastic piece 93 relative to the quick-change bracket 2.

In the present embodiment, the lock mechanism 5 includes a lock bracket 51, the lock bracket 51 is provided with a passage 54 extending in the gravitational direction, the lock mechanism 5 further includes a first lock portion 52 and a second lock portion 53, the first lock portion 52 is rotatably mounted to the lock bracket 51; the first locking portion 52 is configured to prevent the locking member 6 located in the passage 54 from moving downward to lock the locking member 6 when the first locking portion 52 is rotated to the locking position; the second locking portion 53 is configured to prevent the first locking portion 52 from rotating when the first locking portion 52 rotates to the locking position, so that the first locking portion 52 is held in the locking position. The first locking part 52 realizes the locking of the locking piece 6, and the second locking part 53 limits the first locking part 52, so that the locking is convenient and reliable, the efficiency of the installation and the disassembly of the battery pack 4 is improved, and the quick replacement of the battery pack 4 is realized.

The first locking portion 52 is a ratchet, and the second locking portion 53 is a pawl; the ratchet wheel is configured to be driven by the locking member 6 to rotate in a first direction during the upward movement of the locking member 6; the pawl is configured to engage the ratchet wheel to prevent rotation of the ratchet wheel as the locking member 6 moves upwardly into the channel 54. On the one hand, when the ratchet wheel rotates to the locking position, the pawl can timely move to be locked with the ratchet wheel under the action of the first elastic piece, so that the locking part can be quickly locked. On the other hand, the pawl can be kept engaged with the ratchet wheel by the elastic force of the first elastic member. Thus, the reliability of the locking mechanism 5 to the battery locking is ensured.

The locking mechanism 5 in the present embodiment may also be other locking mechanisms capable of achieving vertical (straight up and down) hooking of the battery pack 4 to the electric vehicle, such as a bolt type locking mechanism, a bead expansion type locking mechanism, a T-type locking mechanism, a hook type locking mechanism, or the like.

In this embodiment, the quick-change holder 2 further includes a protection plate, which covers the top of the battery pack 4. The protection shield is equipped with the blotter towards one side at battery package 4 top, and the top of battery package 4 is covered with the protection shield, reduces debris such as dust, rainwater and gets into the battery package and holds the district to avoid causing the influence to the performance of battery package 4. The cushion pad can prevent the battery pack from scraping the surface of the battery pack when the battery pack moves, so that the battery pack is protected, and shaking of the battery pack can be reduced.

In other alternative embodiments, the side of the protection plate facing the top of the battery pack 4 is provided with a relief portion, which can be passed through by the battery pack line to be connected to the vehicle body. The vehicle end connector can be arranged on the protective plate, a gap is arranged between the battery pack 4 and the protective plate in the area outside the junction of the vehicle end connector, and the buffer cushion is arranged to compensate the gap, so that the load distribution is ensured to be uniform. In addition, set up in the protection plate and dodge the portion, be convenient for walk the line, also can dodge the interior car end connector of installation of portion, spatial layout is reasonable, avoids taking place the contact interference between car end connector and the protection plate.

The number of the protection plates is plural, and a protection plate is correspondingly arranged at the top of each battery pack 4. The number of the protection plates can be adjusted according to the internal layout of the electric vehicle 100 and the number of the battery packs 4 to adapt to different models of electric vehicles 100, on the one hand, and the weight of the whole structure can be reduced when the number of the battery packs 4 is small, on the other hand.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 2 and 13, the present embodiment discloses another electric vehicle 100, which is different from embodiment 1 in that the electric vehicle 100 includes a switch frame 3, and a quick-change bracket 2, which is located above a vehicle beam 11, is connected to the vehicle beam 11 through the switch frame 3. The connection of the battery pack 4 is made more stable by adding an additional adapter frame 3.

Specifically, the adaptor frame 3 includes two relatively parallel longitudinal beams 32 and a plurality of relatively parallel cross beams 31, two ends of the two cross beams 31 are respectively connected with the two longitudinal beams 32, the longitudinal beams 32 extend along the length direction of the vehicle body, and the cross beams 31 extend along the width direction of the vehicle body.

The rectangular frame formed by the plurality of cross beams 31 and the longitudinal beams 32 not only ensures that the structure of the transfer frame 3 is firm and unexpected, but also ensures that the quick-change bracket 2 is more firm when being connected with the transfer frame 3, and the stability of the connection between the battery pack 4 and the quick-change bracket 2 is increased.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 3 and 14, the present embodiment discloses another electric vehicle 100, which is different from embodiment 1 in that the quick-change bracket 2 includes three independent bracket bodies 21, the three independent bracket bodies 21 being distributed along the length direction of the vehicle body, each bracket body 21 forming a battery pack accommodating area; the locking mechanism 5 is provided at a side portion of the bracket body. Each of the independent bracket bodies 21 adopts a frame structure, has high structural strength and is favorable for weight reduction, and specifically, similarly to embodiment 1, each of the bracket bodies 21 has two first support beams 201 disposed at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body and two second support beams 202 extending along the length direction of the vehicle body, and the first support beams 201 and the second support beams 202 are surrounded to form a rectangular frame structure. The number of the bracket bodies 21 and the positions of the bracket bodies relative to the vehicle beam 11 can be adjusted according to the internal layout of the electric vehicle 100 and the structure of the battery pack 4 so as to adapt to electric vehicles 100 of different models, and the arrangement of the integrated quick-change bracket 2 is more flexible than that of the integrated quick-change bracket.

In other alternative embodiments, a different number of independent bracket bodies 21 may be provided according to actual needs, which is not particularly limited herein.

Example 4

The present embodiment discloses another electric vehicle 100, which is different from embodiment 1 in that: the quick-change bracket 2 in this embodiment includes two sets of branch brackets that set up along the length direction interval of automobile body, and at least one side of branch bracket forms the battery package and holds the district, and the branch bracket includes a plurality of segmentation roof beams that set up along the length direction interval of automobile body, and the segmentation roof beam is connected in automobile beam 11, is provided with locking mechanism 5 on the at least lateral wall of segmentation roof beam. The number of the sectional beams can be increased or reduced according to actual needs, the flexibility is high, and the stability of the installation of the battery pack 4 is improved conveniently.

In some cases, the quick-change bracket 2 in embodiment 4 can be regarded as a structure in which the second support beam 202 is omitted from the quick-change bracket in embodiment 1, and in this case, the first support beam 201 in this modification of embodiment 1 can be regarded as a segmented beam.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are all based on the orientation or positional relationship of the device or component when in normal use, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and to simplify the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the device or component in question must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle, characterized by comprising:

a vehicle body;

the quick-change bracket is connected to the beam of the vehicle body; the quick-change bracket forms a plurality of battery pack accommodating areas along the length direction of the vehicle body, and a locking mechanism is arranged in each battery pack accommodating area;

the battery packs are provided with locking pieces, the locking pieces are detachably connected with the locking mechanisms, the battery packs are respectively and independently connected with the corresponding battery pack accommodating areas through the locking pieces, and the battery packs are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the vehicle body.

2. The electric vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that the locking mechanism is distributed on at least one side of the battery pack receiving area along the width and/or length direction of the vehicle body; and the side wall of the battery pack is provided with the locking piece matched with the locking mechanism along the width and/or length direction of the vehicle body.

3. The electric vehicle of claim 2, characterized in that at least one side of the battery pack accommodating area is provided with at least two locking mechanisms in the length and/or width direction of the vehicle body, and at least two locking mechanisms are provided at intervals in the length and/or width direction of the vehicle body.

4. The electric vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that the locking member is located at or below a middle portion of the battery pack in a height direction of the battery pack.

5. The electric vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that the battery pack is located at the bottom of the vehicle beam or the battery pack portion is higher than the lower surface of the vehicle beam in the height direction of the vehicle body.

6. The electric vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that the battery pack accommodation region includes a plurality of sub accommodation regions juxtaposed in a vehicle body width direction of the electric vehicle, the sub accommodation regions being for individually mounting the battery packs.

7. The electric vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that the quick-change bracket includes a bracket body that is a frame structure, the bracket body including a plurality of first support beams that are disposed at intervals along a length direction of the vehicle body and a plurality of second support beams that extend along the length direction of the vehicle body, the second support beams being respectively connected to both ends of the first support beams, the first support beams and the second support beams being connected to enclose to form the frame structure, a space between two adjacent first support beams along the length direction of the vehicle body forming the battery pack accommodating area; the locking mechanism is arranged on the side part of the first supporting beam.

8. The electric vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that the quick-change bracket includes two sets of sub-brackets disposed at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body, at least one side of the sub-brackets forming the battery pack receiving area, the sub-brackets including a plurality of segmented beams disposed at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body, the segmented beams being connected to the vehicle beams, at least an outer side wall of the segmented beams being provided with the locking mechanism.

9. The electric vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that the quick-change bracket includes a plurality of independent bracket bodies distributed along a length of the body, each of the bracket bodies forming a battery pack receiving area; the locking mechanism is arranged at the side part of the bracket body.

10. The electric vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that the quick-change bracket is attached to the roof, side or bottom of the vehicle frame.

11. The electric vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that the quick-change bracket includes a first connecting beam extending in a length direction of the vehicle body, and a second connecting beam extending in a direction perpendicular to a ground surface along the vehicle body, the first connecting beam and the second connecting beam being connected, and the first connecting beam being connected with the quick-change bracket, the second connecting beam being connected to the vehicle beam.

12. The electric vehicle of claim 11, characterized in that the quick-change bracket includes a bracket body, a plurality of first reinforcing ribs and a plurality of second reinforcing ribs, the plurality of first reinforcing ribs being disposed at intervals between the first connecting beam and the bracket body, the plurality of second reinforcing ribs being disposed at intervals between the first connecting beam and the second connecting beam.

13. The electric vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that the quick-change bracket further comprises a connector assembly comprising a vehicle end connector and a mounting member, the mounting member being provided in each of the battery pack receiving areas, the mounting member being connected to the quick-change bracket, the vehicle end connector being provided on the mounting member.

14. The electric vehicle of claim 13, characterized in that the mounting member includes a support beam and a support plate, the support plate being connected to the quick-change bracket by the support beam, the vehicle-end connector being provided on the support plate,

or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,

the mounting piece comprises a mounting plate, the mounting plate is connected to the quick-change bracket, and the vehicle end connector is arranged on the mounting plate.

15. The electric vehicle of claim 13, characterized in that the number of the vehicle beams is two, the two vehicle beams are symmetrically distributed along a central axis of the vehicle body in a length direction, and the mount is located between the two vehicle beams.

16. The electric vehicle of claim 1, further comprising a first stop mechanism mounted on the quick-change bracket for mating with a locating hole in the top of the battery pack to locate the battery pack.

17. The electric vehicle of claim 16, characterized in that the electric vehicle further comprises second stopper mechanisms provided at opposite ends in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle body and opposite ends in a width direction of the vehicle body.

18. The electric vehicle of claim 17, characterized in that the second limiting mechanism includes a limiting seat and a limiting member, one of the limiting seat and the limiting member is disposed on the battery pack, the other is disposed on the quick-change bracket, and an elastic sheet is disposed on the limiting seat, and the limiting member contacts with the elastic sheet to position the battery pack.

19. The electric vehicle of claim 18, characterized in that the ends of the elastic pieces are disposed obliquely to form a guide slope.

20. The electric vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that the locking mechanism includes a locking bracket provided with a passage extending in a gravitational direction, the locking mechanism further including a first locking portion and a second locking portion, the first locking portion being rotatably mounted to the locking bracket;

The first locking part is configured to prevent the locking piece positioned in the channel from moving downwards to lock the locking piece when the first locking part rotates to a locking position;

the second locking portion is configured to prevent rotation of the first locking portion when the first locking portion is rotated to the locking position, so that the first locking portion is held in the locking position.

21. The electric vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that the quick-change bracket further comprises a protective plate that covers the top of the battery pack.

22. The electric vehicle of claim 21, characterized in that a cushion is provided on a side of the protection plate facing the top of the battery pack, and/or a relief is provided on a side of the protection plate facing the top of the battery pack.

23. The electric vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that the electric vehicle is an electric truck.