CN116409131A

CN116409131A - Battery package quick change guider reaches trading electric vehicle including it

Info

Publication number: CN116409131A
Application number: CN202211306019.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张建平; 于新瑞; 仇丹梁
Original assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-15
Filing date: 2022-10-24
Publication date: 2023-07-11
Also published as: CN116118451A; CN116118463A; CN218536330U; CN218536331U; CN218558544U; CN116118467A; CN116001549A; CN218558553U; CN116118462A; CN116160835A; CN218536329U; CN218577491U; CN218805181U; CN219007568U; CN116118456A; CN116001547A; CN116039355A; CN218558549U; CN218558555U; CN218558545U

Abstract

The invention provides a battery pack quick-change guide device and a battery-change vehicle comprising the same, wherein the battery pack quick-change guide device is used for guiding a plurality of battery packs which are arranged in parallel along the length direction or the width direction of the battery-change vehicle to be vertically connected with the battery-change vehicle respectively in a bolt locking mode, the bolt locking mode is simple to operate, and the locking reliability is high. The battery pack quick-change guiding device comprises first guiding units which are respectively arranged between each battery pack and the battery-change vehicle, wherein a main guiding mechanism of each first guiding unit is used for vertically guiding the battery packs when the battery packs are connected to the battery-change vehicle, so that the position relationship between the battery packs and the battery-change vehicle is quickly and effectively determined, a auxiliary guiding mechanism of each first guiding unit is used for being matched with the main guiding mechanism to limit the rotation of the battery packs in the horizontal plane, the positioning precision of the battery packs relative to the battery-change vehicle is improved, the rotation of the battery packs due to jolt or inertia of the vehicle is prevented, and the possibility of collision of the battery packs and the battery-change vehicle is reduced.

Description

Battery package quick change guider reaches trading electric vehicle including it

The present application claims priority from chinese patent application 202210837094.2, whose application date is 2022, month 07, and 15. The present application refers to the entirety of the above-mentioned chinese patent application.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of battery replacement of a battery replacement vehicle, in particular to a battery pack quick-replacement guiding device and a battery replacement vehicle comprising the same.

Background

The current electric vehicle is popular with consumers, and needs to be charged after the electric energy is used, and the current battery technology and the charging technology limit that the electric vehicle needs to be fully charged takes a long time, which is not as simple and rapid as the direct oiling of the automobile. Therefore, in order to reduce the waiting time of the user, it is an effective means to replace the battery when the power of the battery-change vehicle is rapidly exhausted. At present, with the increasing market share and the frequency of use of battery-powered vehicles, in addition to small vehicles using storage batteries as driving energy, large vehicles (e.g., heavy trucks and light trucks) are beginning to be widely used as battery quick-change technologies.

In the installation process of the battery pack, due to the reasons of parking deviation and the like of the battery replacement vehicle, the positioning accuracy of the battery pack relative to the battery replacement vehicle is reduced, the installation difficulty is improved, and the success rate of battery replacement is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome at least one of the defects of the prior art that the positioning accuracy of a battery pack relative to a battery-changing vehicle is reduced due to the parking deviation of the battery-changing vehicle and the like, and provides a quick battery pack changing guide device and the battery-changing vehicle comprising the same.

The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical scheme:

the battery pack quick-change guide device is used for guiding a plurality of battery packs which are arranged in parallel along the length direction or the width direction of a battery-change vehicle to be vertically connected with the battery-change vehicle in a bolt locking mode;

the battery pack quick-change guide device comprises first guide units which are respectively arranged between each battery pack and the electric vehicle, wherein each first guide unit comprises at least one main guide mechanism and auxiliary guide mechanisms matched with the main guide mechanisms;

the main guiding mechanism is used for vertical guiding when the battery pack is connected to the battery-changing vehicle, and the auxiliary guiding mechanism is used for limiting rotation of the battery pack in a horizontal plane in cooperation with the main guiding mechanism.

In the scheme, the bolt locking mode is simple to operate and high in locking reliability. In the process of installing the battery pack, the main guiding mechanism can guide the battery pack in advance, so that the position relationship between the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle can be quickly and effectively determined, the positioning accuracy of the battery pack relative to the battery replacement vehicle is improved, the connection between the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle is convenient, the stability of the relative position of the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle in the moving process is ensured, the installation difficulty is reduced, and the success rate of battery replacement is improved. The main guiding mechanism and the auxiliary guiding mechanism cooperate to limit the rotation of the battery pack in the horizontal plane, so that the positioning precision of the battery pack relative to the battery-replacing vehicle is further improved, the rotation of the battery pack caused by jolt or inertia of the vehicle can be prevented, the possibility of collision between the battery pack and the battery-replacing vehicle is reduced, and the damage of the battery pack is avoided.

Preferably, the structure of bolt locking mode includes locking piece and locking mechanism, the locking piece includes the bolt, locking mechanism includes the nut, the bolt with can dismantle between the nut and be connected in order to realize with the battery package independent locking in on the quick change support or the roof beam of trading electric vehicle.

In this scheme, realize the bolt locking between battery package and the vehicle of trading through the cooperation between bolt and the nut, the locking mode is simple and convenient, is favorable to improving locking efficiency. Compared with the traditional clamping locking mode and T-shaped rotary locking mode, the bolt type locking mode has high connection strength, is not easy to break at the connection part, and is beneficial to improving the reliability and durability of the structure.

Preferably, the bolt is arranged on the battery pack, and the nut is arranged on the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam; or the nut is arranged on the battery pack, and the bolt is arranged on the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam.

In this scheme, one of them setting of bolt and nut is on the battery package, and another setting is on trading electric vehicle to realize battery package and trading electric vehicle's connection through the cooperation of bolt and nut.

Preferably, the bolt or the nut is arranged at the middle position of the battery pack, and the bolt or the nut penetrates through the battery pack.

In this scheme, above-mentioned setting is used for guaranteeing the stability that the battery package is connected with the replacement vehicle.

Preferably, the bolt or the nut is connected to the battery pack in a floating manner;

or the bolt or the nut is connected to the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam in a floating manner.

In this scheme, the floating connection can reduce the torque or the vibrations transmission to quick change support or roof beam when changing electric vehicle receives the turning distortion or jolt, and then makes quick change support or roof beam receive the influence of torque or vibrations to reduce.

Preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises a fixed base, and the nut is connected to the fixed base in a floating mode.

In this scheme, the nut passes through fixed base realization and is connected with other parts of locking mechanism, further reduces the torque or the vibrations transmission to quick change support or roof beam that change electric vehicle received the turning distortion or jolt, and then makes quick change support or roof beam receive the influence reduction of torque or vibrations.

Preferably, the bolt includes a threaded portion provided with threads and for threaded connection with the nut, and a connection portion.

In this scheme, the bolt passes through screw thread portion and nut threaded connection, guarantees the fastness of connection.

Preferably, the locking piece further comprises a lock shell, and the bolt is arranged in the lock shell and can lift or rotate along the vertical direction relative to the lock shell.

In this scheme, the lock shell is used for playing the guard action to the bolt.

Preferably, the structure of the bolt locking mode further comprises an anti-rotation and anti-return structure, and the anti-rotation and anti-return structure is connected with the locking piece and/or the locking mechanism so as to prevent relative rotation movement between the locking piece and the locking mechanism.

In this scheme, prevent changeing the backstop structure and avoided locking piece and locking mechanism to produce relative rotation when the cooperation, and then guaranteed the stability that battery package and trading the electric vehicle connection.

Preferably, the anti-rotation anti-return structure comprises a first anti-rotation member and a second anti-rotation member, wherein the first anti-rotation member is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the second anti-rotation member, and the first anti-rotation member is connected with the battery pack or the electric vehicle; the second rotation preventing piece is connected to the connecting part of the bolt and is used for switching between a first position and a second position under the action of external force;

When the second rotation preventing member is located at the first position, the outer peripheral wall of the second rotation preventing member is connected with the inner Zhou Bika of the first rotation preventing member;

when the second rotation preventing member is located at the second position, the second rotation preventing member is separated from the first rotation preventing member along the axial direction of the bolt.

In the scheme, the first anti-rotation piece plays a role in connection and positioning; the second rotation preventing part is moved to the second position from the first position by applying an acting force along the axial direction of the bolt through the external driving mechanism, the second rotation preventing part positioned at the second position can rotate freely and drives the bolt connected with the second rotation preventing part to rotate, the bolt and the nut are locked or unlocked, after the locking or unlocking operation is completed, the second rotation preventing part is driven to the first position from the second position, at the moment, the second rotation preventing part is clamped with the first rotation preventing part, the position of the second rotation preventing part is fixed, and the bolt cannot rotate any more.

Preferably, the first rotation preventing member comprises an inner gear ring, the second rotation preventing member comprises an outer gear ring, and the inner gear ring is sleeved on the outer circumference side of the outer gear ring; when the second rotation preventing piece is positioned at the first position, gear teeth of the inner gear ring are clamped with gear teeth of the outer gear ring.

In this scheme, realize the joint of first anti-rotating piece and second anti-rotating piece through the meshing of ring gear and outer ring gear, first anti-rotating piece is through the rotation of restriction second anti-rotating piece and then restriction bolt's rotation.

Preferably, the first rotation preventing member further includes an inner flange extending from an inner circumferential wall of the ring gear to a radially inner side of the ring gear; when the second rotation preventing member is located at the first position, one end, away from the bolt, of the second rotation preventing member is abutted against the inner flange.

In this scheme, the setting of inward flange can prevent moving in the first rotation prevention piece to the second rotation prevention piece and carry out spacingly, avoids the second to prevent rotating the piece and keep away from the one end slippage of nut from first rotation prevention piece.

Preferably, the connecting portion of the bolt extends into the second rotation preventing member, one of the outer peripheral wall of the connecting portion and the inner peripheral wall of the second rotation preventing member is provided with a concave portion, the other is provided with a convex portion, and the concave portion is matched with the convex portion.

In this scheme, realize the connection of bolt and second anti-rotation piece through the cooperation of depressed part and bellying to can restrict the rotation of bolt for the second anti-rotation piece, guarantee the stability of connection.

Preferably, the locking piece further comprises a lock shell, and the bolt is arranged in the lock shell and can lift or rotate along the vertical direction relative to the lock shell;

the locking piece further comprises a reset piece, and the first anti-rotation piece, the second anti-rotation piece and the reset piece are arranged in the lock shell;

the two ends of the reset piece are respectively abutted to the lock shell and the second rotation preventing piece, and the reset piece is used for applying acting force for enabling the second rotation preventing piece to reset from the second position to the first position to the second rotation preventing piece.

In this scheme, when the second prevent changeing the piece and remove to the direction that is close to the nut along the bolt axial, reset the piece pressurized and produce compression displacement, when accomplishing the locking or the unblock of bolt and nut through the second prevent changeing the piece, under the restoring force effect of reset piece, the second prevents changeing the piece and reset to the first position and realize the joint with first prevent changeing the piece, and then no longer rotate, realize the function of preventing changeing to the bolt.

Preferably, the main guide mechanism is further used for limiting the movement of the battery pack in the horizontal direction, and the auxiliary guide mechanism is further used for vertical guide when the battery pack is connected to the battery-powered vehicle.

In this scheme, the removal of battery package along the horizontal direction is further restricted to leading guide mechanism, avoids the battery package to appear in the horizontal direction skew in the installation on the one hand, guarantees the battery package for the positioning accuracy of trading the electric vehicle, improves the electric success rate of trading, on the other hand also can prevent that the battery package from producing the removal in the horizontal direction because of reasons such as vehicle jolt or inertia, further reduces the possibility that battery package and trading the electric vehicle collide, avoids the battery package damage. The auxiliary guiding mechanism plays a vertical guiding role on the battery pack at the same time, improves the guiding effect of the first guiding unit on the battery pack, and improves the positioning accuracy and the power conversion success rate of the battery pack relative to the power conversion vehicle.

Preferably, the main guide mechanism includes a main guide pin extending in a vertical direction and a main guide hole engaged with the main guide pin, and the sub guide mechanism includes a sub guide pin extending in a vertical direction and a sub guide hole engaged with the sub guide pin; the primary guide pin mates with the primary guide hole and the secondary guide pin is clearance fit with the secondary guide hole.

In this scheme, through the cooperation in main guide pin and main guide hole, auxiliary guide pin and auxiliary guide hole, when realizing the direction to the battery package, also can restrict the removal on the battery package horizontal direction and the rotation on the horizontal plane, simple structure, with low costs, the reliability is high. The auxiliary guide pin is in clearance fit with the auxiliary guide hole, so that the auxiliary guide mechanism can prevent over-positioning when guiding the battery pack, the positioning precision of the first guide unit relative to the battery pack is reduced, the position precision of the first guide unit is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.

Preferably, the main guide pin is a round pin, and the main guide hole is a round hole;

the auxiliary guide pin is a round pin, and the auxiliary guide hole is a slotted hole; or the auxiliary guide pin is a chamfered edge pin, the auxiliary guide hole is a round hole, and the normal line of the positioning circular arc connecting line of the chamfered edge pin points to the center of the main guide pin.

In this scheme, main guide pin and main guide hole adopt the structure of round pin and round hole, and supplementary guide pin and supplementary guide hole adopt the structure of round pin and slotted hole, and on the one hand the cooperation is convenient, can realize the quick guide to the battery package, and the shape of slotted hole can reduce the cooperation precision of supplementary guide pin and supplementary guide hole to reduce the position precision of first guide unit. On the other hand, the round pin and the round hole have simple structure, convenient processing and lower cost. The auxiliary guide pin and the auxiliary guide hole adopt the structures of the chamfered edge pin and the round hole, so that a certain degree of freedom is reserved for the auxiliary guide pin, and the situation of over-positioning is avoided.

Preferably, one of the main guide pin and the main guide hole is provided to the battery pack, and the other is provided to the battery change vehicle; one of the auxiliary guide pin and the auxiliary guide hole is arranged on the battery pack, and the other is arranged on the battery change vehicle;

And/or two main guide mechanisms and two auxiliary guide mechanisms are respectively arranged, and the two main guide mechanisms and the two auxiliary guide mechanisms are arranged corresponding to four corner areas at the top of the battery pack;

and/or the main guiding mechanism and the auxiliary guiding mechanism are respectively provided with one, and the main guiding mechanism and the auxiliary guiding mechanism are arranged corresponding to two diagonal areas of the top of the battery pack;

and/or the free ends of the main guide pin and/or the auxiliary guide pin are provided with guide conical surfaces.

In this scheme, main guide pin and main guide hole, auxiliary guide pin and auxiliary guide hole locate battery package and change on the electric vehicle respectively correspondingly, can realize the location and the direction of battery package for changing the electric vehicle, reduce the installation degree of difficulty, improve and change the electric success rate. The four end corner areas of the battery pack are respectively provided with a main guide mechanism or a auxiliary guide mechanism, so that the guide and limit effects of the first guide unit on the battery pack can be enhanced. The main guiding mechanism and the auxiliary guiding mechanism are arranged in two diagonal areas of the battery pack, so that the guiding and limiting effects on the battery pack can be ensured while the number of the main guiding mechanism or the auxiliary guiding mechanism is reduced. The free ends of the main guide pins and/or the auxiliary guide pins are provided with guide conical surfaces, so that the main guide pins and/or the auxiliary guide pins can be guided into the corresponding main guide holes and auxiliary guide holes, and the guide reliability is improved.

Preferably, the battery pack quick-change guiding device further comprises second guiding units respectively arranged between each battery pack and the vehicle, each second guiding unit comprises at least one second guiding mechanism, each second guiding mechanism comprises a guiding groove and at least one guiding block which is opposite to the guiding groove and matched with the guiding groove, and one end of each guiding block, which faces the guiding groove, is provided with a guiding inclined surface.

In this scheme, the second guide unit is used for further realizing the direction to the battery package, through the cooperation of guide way and guide block, further improves the battery package for the positioning accuracy of trading the electric vehicle, improves and trades the electric success rate. One end of the guide block, which faces the guide groove, is provided with a guide inclined plane, so that the guide block and the guide inclined plane can be matched conveniently.

Preferably, the guide inclined planes are positioned on two sides of the guide block corresponding to the groove wall of the guide groove, and the guide inclined planes incline towards the inner side of the guide groove;

and/or two second guide mechanisms are arranged, the guide grooves of the two second guide mechanisms are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the two guide grooves are respectively positioned on two opposite sides of the battery pack in the length direction;

and/or the length direction of the guide groove is parallel to the length direction of the battery pack;

And/or, the battery pack is connected to the battery replacing vehicle through a plurality of locking devices, the locking devices comprise locking pieces and locking mechanisms, the locking pieces and the locking mechanisms are arranged between the battery pack and the battery replacing vehicle and are matched with each other, and the guide inclined planes are formed on the locking pieces.

In this scheme, all set up the direction inclined plane in the both sides of guide block, realize the guide between guide block both sides and the guide way, further improve the guide effect. The guide grooves are formed in the two sides of the battery pack and matched with the guide blocks, so that the guide effect is further improved. The length direction of guide way is on a parallel with the length direction of battery package for the length of guide way can be designed longer, the effect of direction can be guaranteed. The detachable connection of the battery pack and the electric vehicle is realized through the matching of the locking piece and the locking mechanism, the shape of the locking piece is fully utilized to form a guide inclined plane, the space is saved, the guide block is not required to be arranged independently, the cost is reduced, and the structure is simpler.

Preferably, when the battery pack is connected with the electric vehicle, the main guide pin and the main guide hole of the first guide unit are coupled in advance of the guide groove and the guide block of the second guide unit, and the auxiliary guide pin and the auxiliary guide hole of the first guide unit are coupled in advance of the guide groove and the guide block of the second guide unit.

In the scheme, the first guide unit guides the battery pack before the second guide unit, so that the position correspondence of the guide groove and the guide block can be ensured in advance, and the guide block can smoothly enter the guide groove.

Preferably, the guide groove of the second guide mechanism is in clearance fit with the guide block.

In this scheme, above-mentioned setting makes things convenient for the guide block to get into the guide way in, avoids guide way and guide block card to die, reduces the position accuracy of both.

Preferably, the battery pack quick-change guiding device further comprises third guiding units respectively arranged between each battery pack and the vehicle for changing;

the battery pack is connected to the battery replacing vehicle through a plurality of locking devices, each locking device comprises a locking shaft assembly and a locking mechanism, the locking shaft assemblies are arranged between the battery pack and the battery replacing vehicle and are matched with each other, each locking mechanism comprises a locking hole, each locking hole extends along the vertical direction, an opening is formed in one end of each locking hole along the extending direction, an expansion inclined plane gradually expanding outwards of each locking hole is formed in each opening, each expansion inclined plane is matched with each locking piece to form a third guiding mechanism, and each third guiding unit comprises a plurality of third guiding mechanisms on each locking device.

In this scheme, realize battery package and change the detachable connection of electric vehicle through the cooperation of locking piece and locking mechanism, third guiding mechanism is used for guiding the locking piece and gets into in the lockhole, makes things convenient for the locking of locking mechanism to the locking piece. Each locking device is correspondingly provided with a third guide mechanism, so that each locking piece can accurately enter a lock hole of the locking mechanism to be locked, and the locking effect is improved.

Preferably, the expansion inclined plane is an arc-shaped plane;

and/or, when the battery pack is connected with the battery changing vehicle, the guide groove and the guide block of the second guide mechanism are connected in a matched manner before the expansion inclined plane and the locking piece of the third guide mechanism;

and/or, the guiding direction of the second guiding mechanism is perpendicular to the guiding direction of the third guiding mechanism.

In the scheme, the expansion inclined plane adopts an arc-shaped surface, so that the guiding effect on the locking piece is further improved. The second guide mechanism guides the battery pack before the third guide mechanism, so that the position correspondence of the locking piece and the locking mechanism can be ensured in advance, and the locking piece can smoothly enter the lock hole. The guiding direction of the second guiding mechanism is perpendicular to the guiding direction of the third guiding mechanism, and the battery packs are guided in different directions respectively, so that the guiding effect is improved.

Preferably, the battery pack quick-change guide device further includes first buffer members respectively disposed between each of the battery packs and the battery change vehicle:

the battery pack comprises a battery box for accommodating the battery module, and the first buffer piece is arranged at the top of the battery box;

and/or, the battery pack is connected to the battery replacing vehicle through a plurality of locking devices, each locking device comprises a lock shaft assembly and a locking mechanism, the lock shaft assemblies are arranged between the battery pack and the battery replacing vehicle and are matched with each other, each locking mechanism comprises a lock seat, each lock seat is provided with a lock hole matched with the corresponding lock hole, one end of each lock hole is provided with an opening, and/or each first buffer piece is arranged on the lock seat and positioned at the other end opposite to the corresponding opening in each lock hole.

In this scheme, first buffer structure is used for avoiding the top of battery package and trades the excessive collision of electric vehicle, prevents the damage of battery package. The first buffer structure is arranged at the top of the battery box, so that the installation space is large and the installation is convenient. Realize battery package and change electric vehicle's dismantlement through the cooperation of locking piece and locking mechanism and be connected, first buffer structure installs on the lock seat, impact force when can further slowing down locking piece and locking mechanism butt joint.

Preferably, a second buffer member is arranged between two adjacent battery packs.

In this scheme, the second buffer structure is used for avoiding the collision between battery package and the battery package.

The utility model provides a trade electric vehicle, trade electric vehicle includes vehicle body, quick change support and a plurality of battery package, the quick change support set up in on the vehicle body, a plurality of the battery package is through the guide of battery package quick change guider as described above, respectively vertical connect in on the quick change support.

In this scheme, the battery package is fixed on trading the electric vehicle through quick change support, carries out the subcontracting setting to the battery package, reduces the weight of single battery package, reduces the requirement to trading electric equipment, trades the electricity more nimble moreover. In addition, when a single battery pack is damaged, only the damaged battery pack needs to be correspondingly repaired or replaced, and the operation and use cost is low.

Preferably, the vehicle body is an electric truck, and the quick-change bracket is connected to a beam of the electric truck.

In this scheme, quick change support is connected with the roof beam of trading electric vehicle, and joint strength is high, and the connection can be high, can support the battery package better.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket is an integral quick-change bracket, and a plurality of corresponding battery pack accommodating areas are arranged in the integral quick-change bracket corresponding to the areas of the battery packs; or, the quick-change bracket comprises a plurality of split brackets, and the split brackets are respectively connected to the beam of the electric truck and correspond to the battery packs one by one.

In this scheme, above-mentioned setting makes every battery package all have independent installation space, can not collide or extrude each other. When the battery hanging frame is integrated, the integrity of the battery hanging frame is strong, and the connection with the battery pack assembly is firmer; when the battery hanger is split, the installation and arrangement are more flexible.

The invention has the positive progress effects that: the bolt locking mode is simple to operate and high in locking reliability. In the process of installing the battery pack, the main guiding mechanism can guide the battery pack in advance, so that the position relationship between the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle can be quickly and effectively determined, the positioning accuracy of the battery pack relative to the battery replacement vehicle is improved, the connection between the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle is convenient, the stability of the relative position of the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle in the moving process is ensured, the installation difficulty is reduced, and the success rate of battery replacement is improved. The main guiding mechanism and the auxiliary guiding mechanism cooperate to limit the rotation of the battery pack in the horizontal plane, so that the positioning precision of the battery pack relative to the battery-replacing vehicle is further improved, the rotation of the battery pack caused by jolt or inertia of the vehicle can be prevented, the possibility of collision between the battery pack and the battery-replacing vehicle is reduced, and the damage of the battery pack is avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a battery-powered vehicle according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the quick-change bracket and the battery pack according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a quick-change bracket according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is another schematic perspective view of a quick-change bracket according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a battery pack according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an exploded view of the locking member of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of an anti-rotation and anti-back structure according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic side view of the anti-rotation and anti-return structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the anti-rotation and anti-back structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the configuration of the main guide pin and the main guide hole according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the auxiliary guide pin and the auxiliary guide hole according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a lock base according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view showing a part of the structure of another quick-change bracket according to embodiment 1 of the present invention in a side view.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing a part of the structure of another quick-change bracket according to embodiment 1 of the present invention in a bottom view.

Fig. 15 is a schematic perspective view of a battery pack according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view showing the configuration of the main guide pin and the main guide hole according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the auxiliary guide pin and the auxiliary guide hole according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural view showing the positional relationship between the main guide pin and the auxiliary guide pin in embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Reference numerals illustrate:

a vehicle body 1; a vehicle beam 11; a quick-change bracket 2; a battery pack accommodating region 21; a top plate 22; a projection 23; a through hole 24; a battery pack 3; a battery box 31; a frame 32; a main guide mechanism 41; a main guide pin 411; a main guide hole 412; an auxiliary guide mechanism 42; auxiliary guide pins 421; a secondary guide hole 422; a guide taper surface 43; a second guide mechanism 5; a guide groove 51; a guide block 52; a guide slope 521; a third guide unit 6; an expansion slope 61; a locking member 7; a bolt 71; a screw part 711; a connection portion 712; a first connection section 7121; a second connecting section 7122; a second boss 7123; a reset member 72; a lock housing 73; a locking mechanism 8; a lock base 81; a lock hole 811; a first rotation preventing member 91; ring gear 911; inner straight teeth 9111; an inner flange 9112; a second anti-rotation member 92; an outer ring gear 921; outer straight teeth 9211; an outer flange 9212; tightening the sleeve 922; the first concave portion 9221; the second recess 9222.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments are shown.

[ example 1 ]

As shown in fig. 1-5, the embodiment discloses a battery-powered vehicle, in particular an electric truck, which comprises a vehicle body 1, a quick-change bracket 2, a plurality of battery packs 3 and a battery pack quick-change guiding device, wherein the quick-change bracket 2 is arranged on the vehicle body 1, the plurality of battery packs 3 are vertically (namely, the height direction of the battery-powered vehicle is the Z direction in fig. 1) guided by the battery pack quick-change guiding device to be connected to the quick-change bracket 2, and then are connected with the vehicle body 1 by the quick-change bracket 2.

It should be noted that: the structure of the quick-change holder 2 and the battery pack 3 shown in fig. 1 of the present embodiment is not exactly the same as the structure of the quick-change holder 2 and the battery pack 3 shown in fig. 2 to 5, and fig. 1 is merely for the purpose of illustrating the positional relationship of the quick-change holder 2 and the battery pack 3 with respect to the vehicle body 1.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the quick-change bracket 2 is mounted on the vehicle beam 11 at the chassis position of the vehicle body 1, has high connection strength, can be connected high, and can better support the battery pack 3. Wherein, the quick-change bracket 2 can be fixed on the car beam 11 by a threaded connection mode and the like.

As shown in fig. 1, the plurality of battery packs 3 are arranged in the width direction (Y direction in fig. 1) of the battery-change vehicle and are each located below the vehicle beam 11 so as to avoid interference with the vehicle beam 11. In this embodiment, the battery packs 3 are sub-packaged, so that the weight of a single battery pack 3 is reduced, the requirement on the battery replacement equipment is reduced, and the battery replacement is more flexible. In addition, when a single battery pack 3 is damaged, only the damaged battery pack 3 needs to be repaired or replaced correspondingly, and the operation and use cost is low.

In the power exchange process, the power exchange equipment can enter the chassis position of the electric truck, and the battery pack 3 is vertically installed and detached from the bottom of the electric truck, so that the battery pack 3 is installed on the quick-change bracket 2, or the battery pack 3 is detached from the quick-change bracket 2, and the power exchange operation of the electric truck is realized.

In other alternative embodiments, the electric vehicle may be a small electric vehicle such as a passenger car.

In other alternative embodiments, the plurality of battery packs 3 may be arranged in the same direction as the width direction of the non-battery-change vehicle, for example, the length direction (X direction in fig. 1) of the battery-change vehicle, so as to facilitate the installation and removal of the battery packs 3.

In other alternative embodiments, the battery pack 3 may be directly secured to the vehicle frame 11 of the battery-powered vehicle without the quick-change bracket 2.

As shown in fig. 2-4, the quick-change bracket 2 in this embodiment is an integral quick-change bracket, and a plurality of corresponding battery pack accommodating areas 21 with downward openings are provided in the area corresponding to each battery pack 3, and each battery pack accommodating area 21 accommodates one battery pack 3, so that each battery pack 3 has an independent installation space, and cannot collide or be extruded with each other. Specifically, the number of battery packs 3 in the present embodiment is three, and the number of battery pack accommodating regions 21 is also three.

In other alternative embodiments, if the plurality of battery packs 3 are arranged along the length direction of the battery exchange vehicle, the quick-change bracket 2 is provided with a plurality of battery pack accommodation regions 21 along the length direction of the battery exchange vehicle.

In other alternative embodiments, instead of using an integral quick-change bracket, the quick-change bracket 2 may be a split-type quick-change bracket, where the split-type quick-change bracket includes a plurality of split-type brackets, and the split-type brackets are respectively connected to the beam 11 of the electric truck and form a plurality of battery pack accommodating areas 21, that is, each split-type bracket is connected to one battery pack 3, so that each battery pack 3 has an independent installation space, and is not mutually collided or extruded, and the installation and arrangement are more flexible. In order to further facilitate the fixing of the split type quick-change bracket, a plurality of split type brackets can also be connected with each other through connecting pieces.

As shown in fig. 2 to 9 and 12, the battery pack quick-change guide device in the present embodiment is used for guiding the vertical connection of the battery pack 3 to the quick-change bracket 2 of the battery-change vehicle by means of a screw lock. Specifically, the battery pack 3 is vertically connected to the quick-change bracket 2 through a plurality of locking devices, and the locking devices are locked by bolts, so that the operation is simple, and the locking reliability is high.

As shown in fig. 2 to 9, the structure (locking device) of the bolt locking mode includes a lock shaft assembly and a locking mechanism 8, the lock shaft assembly is a locking member 7, and the detachable connection and the bolt locking of the battery pack 3 and the battery-powered vehicle are realized by the mutual cooperation of the locking member 7 and the locking mechanism 8.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6 to 9, the locking member 7 includes a bolt 71, and the locking mechanism 8 includes a lock seat 81 and a nut, the nut being disposed inside the lock seat 81 and fixedly connected with the lock seat 81, the bolt 71 and the nut being detachably connected to each other to achieve independent locking of the battery pack 3 to the quick-change bracket 2 of the battery-powered vehicle. The embodiment realizes the bolt locking between the battery pack 3 and the electric vehicle replacement through the cooperation between the bolt 71 and the nut, and the locking mode is simple and convenient, thereby being beneficial to improving the locking efficiency. Compared with the traditional clamping locking mode and T-shaped rotary locking mode, the bolt type locking mode has high connection strength, is not easy to break at the connection part, and is beneficial to improving the reliability and durability of the structure.

One of the bolts 71 or the nuts is provided on the battery pack 3, and the other of the bolts 71 or the nuts is provided on the battery exchange vehicle. In the present embodiment, the case where all bolts 71 are provided to the battery pack 3 and all nuts are provided to the quick-change holder 2 is described as an example.

In other alternative embodiments, all bolts 71 may be provided on the quick-change bracket 2 and all nuts on the battery pack 3. Alternatively, a part of the bolts 71 may be provided on the battery pack 3, a part of the nuts corresponding thereto may be provided on the quick-change holder 2, another part of the bolts 71 may be provided on the quick-change holder 2, and another part of the nuts corresponding thereto may be provided on the quick-change holder 2.

It should be noted that: the structures of the locking member 7 and the locking mechanism 8 shown in fig. 2 to 5 of the present embodiment may be identical to the structures of the locking member 7 and the locking mechanism 8 shown in fig. 6 to 9, or may not be identical to the structures of the locking member 7 and the locking mechanism 8 shown in fig. 6 to 9, and fig. 6 to 9 are only for illustrating the specific structures of the locking member 7 and the locking mechanism 8, so as to facilitate the explanation of the locking device according to the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 5, the battery pack 3 in the present embodiment includes a battery box 31 and a frame 32, the battery box 31 is configured to accommodate a battery module, the frame 32 is disposed outside the battery box 31 and on both sides of the battery box 31 in the longitudinal direction of the battery-change vehicle, and bolts 71 are disposed on the frames 32 on both sides of the battery box 31 to avoid damage to the battery module inside the battery box 31.

In other alternative embodiments, the bolts 71 may be provided at the middle position of the battery pack 3, i.e., the bolts 71 may be provided at the middle position of the battery box 31, to ensure the stability of the connection of the battery pack 3 with the replacement vehicle. In this state, the bolt 71 needs to penetrate through the battery pack 3 from bottom to top, so that the lower end of the bolt 71 is matched with the battery replacement device, the upper end of the bolt 71 is matched with the nut, and locking and unlocking of the battery pack 3 are further realized.

In other alternative embodiments, when the nut is provided on the battery pack 3, the nut may be provided on the frames 32 on both sides of the battery case 31, or may be provided at a middle position of the battery case 31. In this state, the nut is required to penetrate through the battery pack 3 from bottom to top, so that the lower end of the nut is matched with the battery replacement device, the upper end of the nut is matched with the bolt 71, and locking and unlocking of the battery pack 3 are further realized.

Further, a bolt 71 is floatingly attached to the battery pack 3, and a nut is floatingly attached to the quick-change bracket 2. The floating connection can reduce the torque or vibration of the vehicle when the vehicle is subjected to steering torsion or jolt from being transmitted to the quick-change bracket 2, so that the influence of the torque or vibration on the quick-change bracket 2 is reduced.

In other alternative embodiments, the nut may be connected to the battery pack 3 in a floating manner, and the bolt 71 may be connected to the quick-change bracket 2 in a floating manner.

In other alternative embodiments, the bolts 71 or nuts may be directly connected to the beam 11 of the electric vehicle in a floating manner, so as to reduce the torque or vibration of the electric vehicle when the electric vehicle is subjected to the steering torque or jolt and transmit the torque or vibration to the beam 11, thereby reducing the influence of the torque or vibration on the beam 11.

In this embodiment, the locking mechanism further includes a fixed base (not shown in the figure), the nut is connected to the fixed base in a floating manner, and the nut is connected to other components of the locking mechanism through the fixed base, so that torque or vibration of the vehicle when the vehicle is subjected to steering torsion or jolt is further reduced and transferred to the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam, and further the influence of the torque or vibration on the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam is reduced.

As shown in fig. 6, the bolt 71 includes a screw part 711 and a connection part 712, and the screw part 711 is provided with external screw threads and is used for screw connection with a nut, ensuring the connection firmness. The locking member 7 further includes a lock housing 73, the bolt 71 is disposed in the lock housing 73 and can be lifted or rotated in a vertical direction relative to the lock housing 73, and the lock housing 73 is used for protecting the bolt 71.

In this embodiment, the structure of the bolt locking mode further includes an anti-rotation and anti-back structure connected to the locking member 7 to prevent relative rotation between the locking member 7 and the locking mechanism 8, so as to ensure the stability of connection between the battery pack 3 and the electric vehicle. Specifically, the anti-rotation anti-back structure is used for being connected with the connecting portion 712 of the bolt 71, so that the bolt 71 is prevented from rotating relative to the nut, the connection firmness of the bolt 71 is ensured, and the bolt 71 is prevented from accidentally slipping off the nut.

In other alternative embodiments, the anti-rotation and anti-back-off structure may also be connected to the locking mechanism 8 to prevent the relative rotation between the locking member 7 and the locking mechanism 8, in this state, the anti-rotation and anti-back-off structure is connected to the nut, and by limiting the rotation of the nut, the relative rotation between the bolt 71 and the nut is prevented, so as to ensure the connection firmness of the bolt 71, and avoid the accidental slipping of the bolt 71 on the nut.

As shown in fig. 6 to 9, the anti-rotation and anti-return structure includes a first anti-rotation member 91 and a second anti-rotation member 92, the first anti-rotation member 91 is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the second anti-rotation member 92, the first anti-rotation member 91 is connected to the battery pack 3, the second anti-rotation member 92 is connected to the connection portion 712 of the bolt 71, and the second anti-rotation member 92 is used for switching between the first position and the second position under the action of an external force. When the second rotation preventing member 92 is located at the first position, the outer peripheral wall of the second rotation preventing member 92 is connected with the inner Zhou Bika of the first rotation preventing member 91. When the second rotation preventing member 92 is located at the second position, the second rotation preventing member 92 is disengaged from the first rotation preventing member 91 in the axial direction of the bolt 71.

The first anti-rotation member 91 plays a role in connection and positioning, and applies a force along the axial direction of the bolt 71 to the second anti-rotation member 92 through the battery changing device, so that the second anti-rotation member 92 can be moved from the first position to the second position, the second anti-rotation member 92 positioned at the second position can freely rotate and drives the bolt 71 connected with the second anti-rotation member 92 to rotate, the bolt 71 and the nut are locked or unlocked, after the locking or unlocking operation is completed, the second anti-rotation member 92 is driven from the second position to the first position, at this time, the second anti-rotation member 92 is clamped with the first anti-rotation member 91, the position of the second anti-rotation member 92 is fixed, and the bolt 71 cannot rotate any more.

In other alternative embodiments, the first anti-rotation member 91 is also secured to the battery change vehicle when the locking member 7 is mounted on the battery change vehicle.

As shown in fig. 7, the first anti-rotation member 91 in the present embodiment includes an inner ring gear 911, and the second anti-rotation member 92 includes an outer ring gear 921, and the inner ring gear 911 is fitted around the outer periphery of the outer ring gear 921. When the second rotation preventing member 92 is located at the first position, the gear teeth of the ring gear 911 are engaged with the gear teeth of the outer ring gear 921, the engagement between the first rotation preventing member 91 and the second rotation preventing member 92 is achieved by the engagement between the ring gear 911 and the outer ring gear 921, and the rotation of the first rotation preventing member 91 is restricted by restricting the rotation of the second rotation preventing member 92, thereby restricting the rotation of the bolt 71.

As shown in fig. 7, the inner gear ring 911 and the outer gear ring 921 are both ring-shaped structures, the inner gear ring 911 has inner straight teeth 9111 distributed along the inner circumference, the outer gear ring 921 has outer straight teeth 9211 distributed along the outer circumference, and the shape of the outer straight teeth 9211 is adapted to the shape of the inner straight teeth 9111, so that the outer straight teeth 9211 are clamped with the inner straight teeth 9111.

In other alternative embodiments, the teeth of the ring gear 911 and the outer ring gear 921 may have other shapes such as helical teeth in addition to the straight tooth structure, and it is sufficient that the ring gear 911 restricts the circumferential rotation of the outer ring gear 921.

In other alternative embodiments, external threads may be further provided on the outer circumferential surface of the ring gear 911 to enable connection of the ring gear 911 with other components.

As shown in fig. 7 to 9, the first rotation preventing member 91 further includes an inner flange 9112, the inner flange 9112 extending radially inward of the ring gear 911 from an inner peripheral wall of the ring gear 911. When the second rotation preventing member 92 is located at the first position, an end of the second rotation preventing member 92 remote from the bolt 71 abuts against the inner flange 9112. The inner flange 9112 is provided to limit movement of the second rotation preventing member 92 within the first rotation preventing member 91, and prevent the second rotation preventing member 92 from slipping off the end of the first rotation preventing member 91 away from the nut.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 7 to 9, the inner flange 9112 in this embodiment is located at the axial middle of the inner peripheral wall of the ring gear 911, the outer flange 9212 is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the outer ring gear 921, the outer straight teeth 9211 are located at the outer periphery of the outer flange 9212, and when the second rotation preventing member 92 is located at the first position, the outer flange 9212 of the outer ring gear 921 abuts against the inner flange 9112 of the ring gear 911, so that the first rotation preventing member 91 positions the second rotation preventing member 92.

As shown in fig. 6 to 9, the second rotation preventing member 92 further includes a tightening sleeve 922, and the outer gear ring 921 is coupled to the tightening sleeve 922, and the second rotation preventing member 92 is coupled to the bolt 71 through the tightening sleeve 922. Specifically, be equipped with first bellying and the first depressed part 9221 of mutually supporting on the inner peripheral wall of outer ring gear 921 and the outer peripheral wall of tightening cover 922 respectively to realize outer ring gear 921 and the joint of tightening cover 922, further still can realize tightening cover 922 and rotate in the circumference, guarantee the stability of connection. The connection portion 712 of the bolt 71 includes a first connection section 7121 and a second connection section 7122, the second connection section 7122 being located at a side of the first connection section 7121 remote from the threaded portion 711, the second connection section 7122 extending in an axial direction of the bolt 71 and extending into the tightening sleeve 922 to be connected with the tightening sleeve 922. The outer peripheral wall of the second connecting section 7122 and the inner peripheral wall of the tightening sleeve 922 are respectively provided with a second protruding portion 7123 and a second recessed portion 9222 which are matched with each other, so that the locking of the bolt 71 and the tightening sleeve 922 is realized, the rotation of the bolt 71 in the circumferential direction can be further prevented, and the stability of connection is ensured.

The first protruding portion in the present embodiment is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the outer ring gear 921, the first recessed portion 9221 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the tightening sleeve 922, the second protruding portion 7123 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the second connecting section 7122, and the second recessed portion 9222 is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the tightening sleeve 922. In other alternative embodiments, it is also possible that the first recess 9221 is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the outer ring gear 921, the first protrusion is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the tightening sleeve 922, the second recess 9222 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the second connection section 7122, and the second protrusion 7123 is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the tightening sleeve 922.

As shown in fig. 6, the locking member 7 further includes a reset member 72, where the first rotation preventing member 91, the second rotation preventing member 92 and the reset member 72 are disposed in the lock housing 73, and the threaded portion 711 of the bolt 71 may extend out of the lock housing 73 to be engaged with the nut. Both ends of the reset member 72 are respectively abutted against the lock housing 73 and the second rotation preventing member 92, and the reset member 72 is configured to apply a force to the second rotation preventing member 92 to reset the second rotation preventing member 92 from the second position to the first position. When the second rotation preventing member 92 moves along the axial direction of the bolt 71 in the direction approaching the nut, the reset member 72 is pressed and generates compression displacement, and after the locking or unlocking of the bolt 71 and the nut is completed through the second rotation preventing member 92, the second rotation preventing member 92 is reset to the first position and is clamped with the first rotation preventing member 91 under the action of the restoring force of the reset member 72, so that the rotation preventing function of the bolt 71 is realized.

The return element 72 in this embodiment is a spring, and in other alternative embodiments, the return element 72 may be another elastic member capable of performing the above-described function.

The following is a brief description of the locking and unlocking process of the battery pack 3 and the quick-change bracket 2 based on the specific mechanism of the locking device in the above.

During the locking process, the battery changing device pushes the second anti-rotation member 92 to move from the first position to the second position to disengage from the first anti-rotation member 91, and the spring is in a compressed state. After the second rotation preventing member 92 is completely disengaged, the rotation of the bolt 71 is achieved by rotating the second rotation preventing member 92, thereby achieving the connection of the bolt 71 and the nut. After the bolt 71 and the nut are locked, the force applied to the second rotation preventing member 92 and separated from the first rotation preventing member 91 is removed, the second rotation preventing member 92 is reset to the first position from the second position under the force of the spring, and the first rotation preventing member 91 can limit the circumferential rotation of the second rotation preventing member 92, so that the axial rotation of the bolt 71 is limited, and the locking and anti-loose function is realized.

During unlocking, the battery changing device pushes the second anti-rotation member 92 to move from the first position to the second position to disengage from the first anti-rotation member 91, and the spring is in a compressed state. After the second rotation preventing member 92 is completely disengaged, the rotation of the bolt 71 is achieved by rotating the second rotation preventing member 92, thereby disengaging the bolt 71 from the nut.

As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the battery pack quick-change guide device includes first guide units respectively disposed between each battery pack 3 and the battery change vehicle, that is, the first guide units are disposed between each battery pack 3 and the battery pack accommodating area 21 of the corresponding quick-change bracket 2, so as to guide the vertical connection of each battery pack 3 with respect to the quick-change bracket 2.

As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the first guide unit includes a main guide mechanism 41 and a sub guide mechanism 42 engaged with the main guide mechanism 41.

The main guiding mechanism 41 is used for vertically guiding the battery pack 3 when being connected to the battery replacement vehicle, the main guiding mechanism 41 can guide the battery pack 3 in advance in the process of installing the battery pack 3, the position relationship between the battery pack 3 and the battery replacement vehicle can be quickly and effectively determined, the positioning accuracy of the battery pack 3 relative to the battery replacement vehicle is improved, the connection of the battery pack 3 and the battery replacement vehicle is convenient, the relative position stability of the battery pack 3 and the battery replacement vehicle in the moving process is ensured, the installation difficulty is reduced, and the battery replacement success rate is improved.

In addition, the main guiding mechanism 41 is further used for limiting the movement of the battery pack 3 along the horizontal direction, so that on one hand, the deviation of the battery pack 3 in the horizontal direction in the installation process is avoided, the positioning accuracy of the battery pack 3 relative to the battery exchange vehicle is ensured, the success rate of the battery exchange is improved, on the other hand, the movement of the battery pack 3 in the horizontal direction due to jolt or inertia of the vehicle is prevented, the possibility of collision between the battery pack 3 and the battery exchange vehicle is further reduced, and the damage of the battery pack 3 is avoided.

The auxiliary guiding mechanism 42 is used for limiting the rotation of the battery pack 3 in the horizontal plane in cooperation with the main guiding mechanism 41, so that the positioning precision of the battery pack 3 relative to the battery change vehicle is further improved, the rotation of the battery pack 3 caused by jolt or inertia of the vehicle can be prevented, the possibility of collision between the battery pack 3 and the battery change vehicle is reduced, and the damage of the battery pack 3 is avoided.

In addition, the auxiliary guiding mechanism 42 is also used for vertical guiding when the battery pack 3 is connected to the battery change vehicle, vertical connection guiding to the battery pack 3 is completed together with the main guiding mechanism 41, the guiding effect of the first guiding unit to the battery pack 3 is improved, and the positioning accuracy and the battery change success rate of the battery pack 3 relative to the battery change vehicle are improved.

As shown in fig. 4, the number of the main guide mechanisms 41 and the auxiliary guide mechanisms 42 in the present embodiment is two, and the two main guide mechanisms 41 and the two auxiliary guide mechanisms 42 are respectively provided at four corner regions at the top of the battery pack 3. The present embodiment provides a plurality of main guide mechanisms 41 and auxiliary guide mechanisms 42 capable of enhancing the guiding and limiting effects of the first guide unit on the battery pack 3.

In other alternative embodiments, the number of primary and

secondary guide mechanisms

41, 42 may be one or more, and the number of primary and

secondary guide mechanisms

41, 42 may be the same or different. When the first guide unit includes only one main guide mechanism 41 and one auxiliary guide mechanism 42, it is preferable that one main guide mechanism 41 and one auxiliary guide mechanism 42 are respectively provided at two diagonal areas of the top of the battery pack 3, so that the guiding and limiting effects on the battery pack 3 can be ensured while the number of main guide mechanisms 41 or auxiliary guide mechanisms 42 is small.

As shown in fig. 4, 5, 10 and 11, the main guide mechanism 41 includes a main guide pin 411 extending in the vertical direction and a main guide hole 412 engaged with the main guide pin 411, the main guide pin 411 being mated with the main guide hole 412. The sub guide mechanism 42 includes a sub guide pin 421 extending in a vertical direction and a sub guide hole 422 fitted with the sub guide pin 421, the sub guide pin 421 being clearance-fitted with the sub guide hole 422.

In this embodiment, through the cooperation of the main guide pin 411 and the main guide hole 412 and the cooperation of the auxiliary guide pin 421 and the auxiliary guide hole 422, the movement of the battery pack 3 in the horizontal direction and the rotation on the horizontal plane can be limited while the guidance of the battery pack 3 is realized, and the structure is simple, the cost is low, and the reliability is high. The auxiliary guide pin 421 is in clearance fit with the auxiliary guide hole 422, so that the auxiliary guide mechanism 42 can prevent over-positioning while guiding the battery pack 3, the positioning precision of the first guide unit relative to the battery pack 3 is reduced, the position precision of the first guide unit is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the main guide hole 412 and the auxiliary guide hole 422 in the present embodiment are all disposed on the battery pack 3, and the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 are all disposed on the quick-change bracket 2 of the electric truck, so as to realize positioning and guiding of the battery pack 3 relative to the quick-change bracket 2, reduce the installation difficulty, and improve the success rate of power exchange.

In other alternative embodiments, the main guide hole 412 and the auxiliary guide hole 422 may be provided on the quick-change bracket 2, and the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 may be provided on the battery pack 3; or the main guide hole 412 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 are both provided on the quick-change bracket 2, and the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide hole 422 are both provided on the battery pack 3; or the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide hole 422 are both provided on the quick-change bracket 2, and the main guide hole 412 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 are both provided on the battery pack 3; or a part of the main guide hole 412, the auxiliary guide hole 422, the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 are provided on both the quick-change bracket 2 and the battery pack 3. In this embodiment, the main guide hole 412 and the auxiliary guide hole 422 are both disposed on the battery pack 3, and the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 are both disposed on the quick-change bracket 2 of the electric truck, so as to avoid interference between the main guide pin 411 and/or the auxiliary guide pin 421 mounted on the battery pack 3 and other structures on the electric truck during the mounting process of the battery pack 3, and improve the reliability of power exchange.

As shown in fig. 4 and 10, the main guide pin 411 in the present embodiment is a circular pin, the main guide hole 412 is a circular hole, the outer diameter of the main guide pin 411 is approximately the same as the aperture of the main guide hole 412, and the outer diameter of the main guide pin 411 is only slightly smaller than the aperture of the main guide hole 412, so as to facilitate insertion into the main guide hole 412 and restrict movement of the battery pack 3 in the horizontal direction. The main guide pin 411 and the main guide hole 412 adopt the structures of a round pin and a round hole, so that on one hand, the structure is convenient to match, and the quick guide of the battery pack 3 can be realized, and on the other hand, the structure of the round pin and the round hole is simple, the processing is convenient, and the cost is lower.

Specifically, during the installation of the battery pack 3, the main guide pin 411 can move the battery pack 3 only in the extending direction (i.e., the vertical direction) of the main guide pin 411, and when there is a tendency for the battery pack 3 to move in the horizontal direction, the main guide pin 411 can abut against the wall of the main guide hole 412 to restrict the movement of the battery pack 3 in the horizontal direction.

As shown in fig. 4 and 11, the auxiliary guide pin 421 in the present embodiment is a circular pin, the auxiliary guide hole 422 is an oblong hole, the width of the auxiliary guide hole 422 is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the auxiliary guide pin 421, and the outer diameter of the auxiliary main guide pin 411 is only slightly smaller than the width of the auxiliary guide hole 422, so as to facilitate insertion into the auxiliary guide hole 422 and to restrict movement of the battery pack 3 in the width direction of the auxiliary guide hole 422. The length of the auxiliary guide hole 422 is greater than the outer diameter of the auxiliary guide pin 421, so that the fitting accuracy of the auxiliary guide pin 421 and the auxiliary guide hole 422 can be reduced, thereby reducing the position accuracy of the first guide unit. The width direction of the oblong hole is parallel to the width direction of the battery-changing vehicle, and the length direction of the oblong hole is parallel to the length direction of the battery-changing vehicle.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, one ends of the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 facing the battery pack 3 are free ends, and the free ends of the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 are provided with guide tapered surfaces 43, and the guide tapered surfaces 43 gradually incline downwards from outside to inside to guide the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 into the corresponding main guide hole 412 and auxiliary guide hole 422, thereby improving the reliability of the guide. In other alternative embodiments, the free ends of the primary 411 and/or secondary 421 guide pins may be provided without guide tapers 43.

As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the battery pack quick-change guide device further includes second guide units respectively disposed between each battery pack 3 and the battery change vehicle, that is, the second guide units are disposed between each battery pack 3 and the battery pack accommodating area 21 of the corresponding quick-change bracket 2, so as to guide the vertical connection of each battery pack 3 with respect to the quick-change bracket 2.

As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the second guide unit includes a second guide mechanism 5, the second guide mechanism 5 includes a guide groove 51 and a plurality of guide blocks 52 disposed opposite to and fitted with the guide groove 51, the guide groove 51 is disposed on the quick-change bracket 2, and the guide blocks 52 are disposed on the battery pack 3. The guide block 52 can be received in the guide groove 51 when the battery pack 3 is mounted on the quick-change bracket 2. According to the embodiment, through the matching of the guide groove 51 and the guide block 52, the battery pack 3 is guided along the groove width direction and the groove length direction (namely the width direction and the length direction of the battery exchange vehicle) of the guide groove 51, and the positioning precision of the battery pack 3 and the quick-change bracket 2 is improved.

Further, the guide groove 51 is in clearance fit with the guide block 52, for example, a single-side clearance between the guide block 52 and an inner wall surface of the guide groove 51 in a groove width direction and a groove length of the guide groove 51 may be 1mm, so that the guide block 52 can conveniently enter the guide groove 51, the guide groove 51 and the guide block 52 are prevented from being blocked, and position accuracy of the guide groove 51 and the guide block 52 is reduced.

Further, the battery pack quick-change guide device further comprises first buffer parts respectively arranged between each battery pack 3 and the vehicle for changing, the first buffer parts comprise first buffer units, and the first buffer units are arranged between the tops of the guide blocks 52 and the lock seats 81 so as to prevent the battery packs 3 from colliding with the lock seats 81 in the lifting process and prevent the battery packs 3 from being damaged.

In other alternative embodiments, the first buffer unit may not be separately provided.

In other alternative embodiments, the number of guide blocks 52 may be one.

As shown in fig. 4, the number of the second guide mechanisms 5 in the second guide unit in the present embodiment is two, thereby further improving the guide effect. The guide grooves 51 of the two second guide mechanisms 5 are arranged at intervals in parallel, the two guide grooves 51 are respectively located at two opposite sides of the length direction of the battery pack 3 (namely the length direction of the battery exchange vehicle), and the length direction of the guide grooves 51 is parallel to the length direction of the battery pack 3, so that the length of the guide grooves 51 can be designed longer, and the guiding effect is ensured.

In other alternative embodiments, the number of second guiding mechanisms 5 in one second guiding unit may be one or more, designed according to the actual requirements.

In other alternative embodiments, the guide grooves 51 may be provided on both sides or one side of the battery pack 3 in the width direction (i.e., the width direction of the battery exchange vehicle), and the length direction of the guide grooves 51 corresponds to the width direction of the battery exchange vehicle, and the groove width direction of the guide grooves 51 corresponds to the length direction of the battery exchange vehicle. Alternatively, the guide grooves 51 may be provided in both the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the battery pack 3.

In other alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 13 and 14, the guide groove 51 may be located below the top plate 22 instead of being directly formed on the top plate 22 of the quick-change bracket 2. Specifically, the quick-change bracket 2 further includes a protruding portion 23 formed by extending downward from the lower end surface of the top plate 22, a guiding groove 51 with a downward opening is formed in the protruding portion 23, a through hole 24 for the locking member to pass through is formed in the top plate 22, and the through hole 24 is communicated with the guiding groove 51, so that the locking member can further pass through the through hole 24 after entering the guiding groove 51, and connection with the locking mechanism is achieved. Wherein, the width of the through hole 24 in the width direction of the vehicle can be equal to or slightly smaller than the width of the guide groove 51 in the width direction of the vehicle, and when the width of the through hole 24 in the width direction of the vehicle is smaller than the width of the guide groove 51 in the width direction of the vehicle, the gap between the guide groove 51 and the guide block 52 can be properly increased, and the clearance fit is also adopted between the guide block 52 and the through hole 24 to ensure that the guide block 52 is not jammed with the through hole 24.

As shown in fig. 6, one end of the guide block 52 facing the guide groove 51 is provided with a guide inclined plane 521, specifically, the guide block 52 in this embodiment has a circular structure, one end of the guide block 52 corresponding to the groove wall of the guide groove 51 is circumferentially provided with the guide inclined plane 521, the guide inclined plane 521 inclines towards the inner side of the guide groove 51, and guiding between two sides of the guide block 52 and the guide groove 51 is achieved, so that guiding effect is further improved. In this embodiment, the matching of the guide groove 51 and the guide block 52 further improves the positioning accuracy of the battery pack 3 relative to the battery replacement vehicle, and improves the success rate of battery replacement. A guide slope 521 is provided at an end of the guide block 52 facing the guide groove 51 to facilitate the engagement of the two.

In other alternative embodiments, when the guide block 52 has a square structure, one guide slope 521 may be provided on each side of the guide block 52 corresponding to the groove wall of the guide groove 51, or only one side of the guide block 52 may be provided with the guide slope 521.

As shown in fig. 6, the lock housing 73 of each locking member 7 naturally forms a guiding inclined plane 521 at one end facing the lock seat 81, and this embodiment fully uses the shape of the lock housing 73 to form the guiding inclined plane 521, so that space is saved, and meanwhile, the guiding block 52 is not required to be separately provided, so that cost is reduced, and the structure is simpler.

In other alternative embodiments, the guide groove 51 may be provided on the battery pack 3, and the guide block 52 may be provided on the quick-change bracket 2.

As shown in fig. 12, the battery pack quick-change guide device further includes third guide units 6 respectively disposed between each battery pack 3 and the battery change vehicle, that is, the third guide units 6 are disposed between each battery pack 3 and the battery pack accommodating area 21 of the corresponding quick-change bracket 2, so as to guide the vertical connection of each battery pack 3 with respect to the quick-change bracket 2.

As shown in fig. 12, the lock seat 81 includes a lock hole 811, a nut is disposed in the lock hole 811, the lock hole 811 extends in the vertical direction, an opening is provided at one end of the extending direction, an expansion slope 61 gradually expanding outward of the lock hole 811 is formed in the opening, and the expansion slope 61 cooperates with the locking member 7 to form a third guide mechanism, so that the battery pack 3 is guided in the vertical direction. The third guide unit 6 is composed of a plurality of third guide mechanisms on the locking device. In this embodiment, the battery pack 3 is detachably connected with the battery-powered vehicle through the cooperation of the locking piece 7 and the locking mechanism 8, and the third guiding mechanism is used for guiding the bolt 71 of the locking piece 7 to enter the lock hole 811, so that the locking of the locking piece 7 by the locking mechanism 8 is facilitated. Each locking device is correspondingly provided with a third guide mechanism, so that bolts 71 of each locking piece 7 can accurately enter into lock holes 811 of the locking mechanism 8 to be locked, and the locking effect is improved.

The guiding direction of the second guiding mechanism 5 is perpendicular to the guiding direction of the third guiding mechanism, and the battery pack 3 is guided in different directions respectively, so that the guiding effect is improved.

As shown in fig. 12, the expansion slope 61 in the present embodiment is an arc-shaped surface, further improving the guiding effect on the locking member 7. In other alternative embodiments, the expansion ramp 61 may also be planar.

When the battery pack 3 is connected with the replacement vehicle, the first guiding of the battery pack 3 is performed by the first guiding unit, and the horizontal guiding and limiting of the battery pack 3 are performed by the matching of the main guiding pin 411 and the main guiding hole 412, and the matching of the auxiliary guiding pin 421 and the auxiliary guiding hole 422. Next, the battery pack 3 is guided by the second guide unit for the second time, and the position of the battery pack 3 in the width direction and the length direction of the battery exchange vehicle is further defined by the cooperation of the guide grooves 51 and the guide blocks 52. Then, the battery pack 3 is guided a third time by the third guide unit 6, and the engagement of the expansion slope 61 and the locking member 7 is performed.

In the present embodiment, the first guide unit guides the battery pack 3 prior to the second guide unit, and the positions of the guide grooves 51 and the guide blocks 52 can be ensured in advance so that the guide blocks 52 can smoothly enter the guide grooves 51. The second guide mechanism 5 guides the battery pack 3 before the third guide mechanism, so that the positions of the locking member 7 and the locking mechanism 8 can be guaranteed to correspond in advance, and the locking member 7 can smoothly enter the lock hole 811.

As shown in fig. 4, the main guide hole 412, the auxiliary guide hole 422, and the locking member 7 are provided on the frame 32 to avoid damage to the battery module inside the battery case 31.

Further, the first buffer member further includes a second buffer unit disposed in the lock hole 811 and located at the other end opposite to the opening, so as to further slow down the impact force when the locking member 7 and the locking mechanism 8 are abutted.

In other alternative embodiments, the second buffer unit may not be separately provided.

In other alternative embodiments, the first buffer member may further include a third buffer unit disposed at the top of the battery box 31, where the third buffer unit is used to avoid collision between the top and the quick-change bracket 2 when the battery pack 3 is lifted, so as to prevent the battery pack 3 from being damaged.

Further, a second buffer may be provided between adjacent two battery packs 3 to avoid collision between the battery packs 3 and the battery packs 3.

In other alternative embodiments, the first guide unit, the second guide unit, and the third guide unit may be implemented separately or in any two-by-two combination.

[ example 2 ]

The structure of the battery pack quick-change guide device and the battery-change vehicle in this embodiment is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, except that:

As shown in fig. 15, in this embodiment, the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 are respectively provided in two diagonal areas at the top of the battery pack 3, so that the guiding and limiting effects on the battery pack 3 can be ensured while the number of the main guide mechanisms 41 or the auxiliary guide mechanisms 42 is small.

As shown in fig. 15, the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 are both disposed on the battery pack 3, and hollow cylinders are correspondingly disposed on the quick-change bracket 2 to form a main guide hole 412 and an auxiliary guide hole 422 which are matched with the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421, so that the battery pack 3 is positioned and guided relative to the quick-change bracket 2, the installation difficulty is reduced, and the success rate of power exchange is improved.

As shown in fig. 16, the main guide pin 411 in the present embodiment is a circular pin, the main guide hole 412 is a circular hole, the outer diameter of the main guide pin 411 is approximately the same as the aperture of the main guide hole 412, and the outer diameter of the main guide pin 411 is only slightly smaller than the aperture of the main guide hole 412, so as to facilitate insertion into the main guide hole 412 and restrict movement of the battery pack 3 in the horizontal direction. The main guide pin 411 and the main guide hole 412 adopt the structures of a round pin and a round hole, so that on one hand, the structure is convenient to match, and the quick guide of the battery pack 3 can be realized, and on the other hand, the structure of the round pin and the round hole is simple, the processing is convenient, and the cost is lower.

As shown in fig. 17, the auxiliary guide pin 421 in this embodiment is a chamfered edge pin, specifically a diamond pin, the auxiliary guide hole 422 is a round hole, the long edge of the chamfered edge pin is approximately the same as the aperture of the auxiliary guide hole 422, and the long edge of the chamfered edge pin is only slightly smaller than the aperture of the auxiliary guide hole 422, so as to facilitate insertion into the auxiliary guide hole 422. The cooperation of edging round pin and round hole for restrict the rotatory degree of freedom in the horizontal plane of battery package 3, and can reserve certain degree of freedom for auxiliary guide pin 421 when auxiliary guide hole 422 cooperates simultaneously, avoided appearing the condition of location.

In other alternative embodiments, pins of other shapes that perform the above function may be selected as the chamfered pins.

Further, as shown in fig. 18, the normal line m of the positioning arc connecting line of the edging pin points to the center of the main guide pin 411, so that the guiding and limiting effects are further improved. Here, fig. 18 shows only the positional relationship between the normal line m of the positioning circular arc connecting line of the trimming pin and the center of the main guide pin 411 for clarity, and does not represent the actual distance of the main guide pin 411 and the auxiliary guide pin 421 as shown in fig. 18.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are all based on the orientation or positional relationship of the device or component when in normal use, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and to simplify the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the device or component in question must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such changes and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The battery pack quick-change guide device is characterized by being used for guiding a plurality of battery packs which are arranged in parallel along the length direction or the width direction of a battery change vehicle to be vertically connected with the battery change vehicle in a bolt locking mode;

2. The battery pack quick change guide device according to claim 1, wherein the structure of the bolt locking mode comprises a locking piece and a locking mechanism, the locking piece comprises a bolt, the locking mechanism comprises a nut, and the bolt and the nut are detachably connected to realize independent locking of the battery pack on a quick change bracket or a vehicle beam of the battery change vehicle.

3. The battery pack quick change guide device according to claim 2, wherein the bolt is provided on the battery pack, and the nut is provided on the quick change bracket or the vehicle beam; or the nut is arranged on the battery pack, and the bolt is arranged on the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam.

4. A battery pack quick change guide as claimed in claim 3, wherein the bolt or the nut is provided at a middle position of the battery pack, and the bolt or the nut penetrates the battery pack.

5. A battery pack quick change guide as claimed in claim 3, wherein said bolt or said nut is floatingly connected to said battery pack;

6. The battery pack quick change guide as claimed in claim 2, wherein the locking mechanism further comprises a fixed base, the nut being floatingly coupled to the fixed base.

7. The battery pack quick change guide as claimed in claim 2, wherein the bolt includes a screw portion provided with screw threads and for screw-coupling with the nut, and a coupling portion.

8. The quick change guide for a battery pack as claimed in claim 7, wherein the locking member further comprises a lock housing, and the bolt is provided in the lock housing and is vertically movable or rotatable with respect to the lock housing.

9. The battery pack quick change guide as claimed in claim 7 wherein the bolt lock arrangement further comprises an anti-rotation stop arrangement coupled to the locking member and/or the locking mechanism to prevent relative rotational movement between the locking member and the locking mechanism.

10. The battery pack quick change guide device according to claim 9, wherein the anti-rotation stopping structure comprises a first anti-rotation member and a second anti-rotation member, the first anti-rotation member is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the second anti-rotation member, and the first anti-rotation member is connected to the battery pack or the battery change vehicle; the second rotation preventing piece is connected to the connecting part of the bolt and is used for switching between a first position and a second position under the action of external force;

11. The battery pack quick change guide device according to claim 10, wherein the first rotation preventing member includes an inner gear ring, the second rotation preventing member includes an outer gear ring, and the inner gear ring is sleeved on an outer circumferential side of the outer gear ring; when the second rotation preventing piece is positioned at the first position, gear teeth of the inner gear ring are clamped with gear teeth of the outer gear ring.

12. The battery pack quick change guide as claimed in claim 11, wherein the first rotation preventing member further comprises an inner flange extending from an inner circumferential wall of the ring gear to a radially inner side of the ring gear; when the second rotation preventing member is located at the first position, one end, away from the bolt, of the second rotation preventing member is abutted against the inner flange.

13. The battery pack quick change guide as claimed in claim 10, wherein the connection portion of the bolt protrudes into the second rotation preventing member, one of the outer circumferential wall of the connection portion and the inner circumferential wall of the second rotation preventing member is provided with a recess, and the other is provided with a protrusion, and the recess is engaged with the protrusion.

14. The quick change guide for a battery pack according to claim 10, wherein the locking member further comprises a lock housing, and the bolt is provided in the lock housing and is vertically movable or rotatable with respect to the lock housing;

15. The battery pack quick change guide apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the primary guide mechanism is further adapted to limit movement of the battery pack in a horizontal direction, and the secondary guide mechanism is further adapted to vertically guide the battery pack when connected to the battery change vehicle.

16. The battery pack quick change guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the main guide mechanism includes a main guide pin extending in a vertical direction and a main guide hole engaged with the main guide pin, and the sub guide mechanism includes a sub guide pin extending in a vertical direction and a sub guide hole engaged with the sub guide pin; the primary guide pin mates with the primary guide hole and the secondary guide pin is clearance fit with the secondary guide hole.

17. The battery pack quick change guide of claim 16, wherein the primary guide pin is a circular pin and the primary guide hole is a circular hole;

18. The battery pack quick change guide apparatus of claim 16, wherein one of the main guide pin and the main guide hole is provided to the battery pack, and the other is provided to the battery change vehicle; one of the auxiliary guide pin and the auxiliary guide hole is arranged on the battery pack, and the other is arranged on the battery change vehicle;

19. The battery pack quick change guide device according to claim 16, further comprising second guide units respectively arranged between each battery pack and the battery change vehicle, wherein the second guide units comprise at least one second guide mechanism, the second guide mechanism comprises a guide groove and at least one guide block which is arranged opposite to the guide groove and matched with the guide groove, and one end of the guide block facing the guide groove is provided with a guide inclined surface.

20. The quick change guide device for a battery pack according to claim 19, wherein the guide inclined surfaces are positioned on both sides of the guide block corresponding to the walls of the guide groove, and the guide inclined surfaces are inclined toward the inner side of the guide groove;

21. The battery pack quick change guide apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the main guide pin and the main guide hole of the first guide unit are coupled before the guide groove and the guide block of the second guide unit, and the auxiliary guide pin and the auxiliary guide hole of the first guide unit are coupled before the guide groove and the guide block of the second guide unit, when the battery pack is coupled with the battery change vehicle.

22. The battery pack quick change guide as claimed in claim 19, wherein the guide groove of the second guide mechanism is clearance-fitted with the guide block.

23. The battery pack quick change guide apparatus as claimed in claim 19, further comprising third guide units respectively provided between each of the battery packs and the battery change vehicle;

24. The battery pack quick change guide as claimed in claim 23, wherein the expansion slope is an arc surface;

25. The battery pack quick change guide as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14, further comprising first buffers respectively provided between each of the battery packs and a battery change vehicle:

26. The battery pack quick change guide as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14, 25, wherein a second buffer is provided between adjacent two of the battery packs.

27. A battery-changing vehicle, characterized in that the battery-changing vehicle comprises a vehicle body, a quick-changing bracket and a plurality of battery packs, wherein the quick-changing bracket is arranged on the vehicle body, and the battery packs are respectively vertically connected to the quick-changing bracket through the guidance of the battery pack quick-changing guide device according to any one of claims 1-26.

28. The battery-powered vehicle of claim 27, wherein the vehicle body is an electric truck and the quick-change bracket is attached to a beam of the electric truck.

29. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 28, wherein the quick-change bracket is a unitary quick-change bracket having a plurality of respective battery pack receiving areas corresponding to the areas of each of the battery packs; or, the quick-change bracket comprises a plurality of split brackets, and the split brackets are respectively connected to the beam of the electric truck and correspond to the battery packs one by one.