CN218558553U

CN218558553U - Quick change assembly and battery replacing vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN218558553U
Application number: CN202222809050.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张建平; 黄春华
Original assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-15
Filing date: 2022-10-24
Publication date: 2023-03-03
Anticipated expiration: 2032-10-24
Also published as: CN116118451A; CN116118463A; CN218536330U; CN218536331U; CN218558544U; CN116118467A; CN116001549A; CN116118462A; CN116160835A; CN218536329U; CN218577491U; CN218805181U; CN219007568U; CN116118456A; CN116001547A; CN116039355A; CN218558549U; CN218558555U; CN218558545U; CN116118465A

Abstract

The utility model provides a quick change assembly and trade electric vehicle, quick change assembly include along trading two at least battery packages that electric vehicle width direction was arranged, every the battery package is equipped with a plurality of locking pieces on relative both sides limit at least, the locking piece be used for through bolt locking mode with trade locking mechanism on the electric vehicle and cooperate, with the locking the battery package. By arranging the plurality of battery packs, the problem that battery replacement is difficult due to overlarge volume and weight of a single battery pack is avoided, the bearing requirements on the locking pieces are reduced, and the firmness and the stability of connection between the battery packs and a battery replacement vehicle are improved by arranging the plurality of locking pieces on each battery pack; on the other hand, when one battery pack is damaged, the normal operation of the battery replacement vehicle is ensured due to the existence of other battery packs; and meanwhile, the battery packs are arranged, so that the standardization of the battery packs is facilitated. In addition, the bolt locking mode is simple and reliable, and the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle are reliably connected.

Description

Quick change assembly and battery replacing vehicle

The present patent application claims priority to chinese patent application No. 2022108370942, filed on 7/15/2022.

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an electric automobile technical field, in particular to quick change assembly with trade electric vehicle.

Background

In recent years, new energy automobiles develop rapidly, electric vehicles which rely on storage batteries as driving energy have the advantages of zero emission and low noise, and with the market share and the use frequency of the electric vehicles becoming higher and higher, electric commercial vehicles in the existing electric vehicles, such as electric heavy trucks and electric light trucks, also begin to appear gradually in respective application scenes, and meanwhile, a battery replacement station for replacing battery packs of the electric trucks is also constructed in a matching manner.

Since commercial vehicles such as electric trucks have a large capacity demand for the battery pack, the size and weight of the battery pack are generally large, which easily affects the power exchange and is not conducive to the stable and safe installation of the battery pack on the electric vehicle; meanwhile, the battery pack is large in size and weight, and accordingly the battery pack needs to be fixed by a locking mechanism with higher bearing capacity arranged on the electric vehicle.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a quick change assembly and trade electric vehicle in order to overcome the defect that can only place a battery package in the prior art electric truck.

The utility model discloses an above-mentioned technical problem is solved through following technical scheme:

the quick-change assembly comprises at least two battery packs arranged along the width direction of a battery-changing vehicle, wherein each battery pack is at least provided with a plurality of locking pieces on two opposite side edges, and the locking pieces are matched with locking mechanisms on the battery-changing vehicle in a bolt locking mode to lock the battery packs.

In the scheme, the battery replacing difficulty caused by overlarge volume weight of a single battery pack is avoided by arranging the plurality of battery packs, the bearing requirements on the locking pieces are reduced, and the firmness and the stability of connection between the battery packs and the battery replacing vehicle are improved by arranging the plurality of locking pieces on each battery pack; the plurality of battery packs are arranged along the width direction of the electric vehicle, the structural arrangement is compact, the space between the vehicle body longitudinal beams and the space on the two sides of the vehicle body longitudinal beams can be better utilized for arranging the battery packs, and the installation space is saved; on the other hand, when one battery pack is damaged, the other battery packs ensure the normal operation of the battery replacement vehicle; and meanwhile, the battery packs are arranged, so that the standardization of the battery packs is facilitated. In addition, the bolt locking mode is simple and reliable, so that the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle are reliably connected.

Preferably, the locking member comprises a bolt, and the locking mechanism comprises a nut; or, the locking piece comprises a nut, and the locking mechanism comprises a bolt;

the bolt and the nut are detachably connected so as to independently lock the battery pack on the battery replacement vehicle.

In this scheme, realize detachable bolt locking through bolt and nut, simple structure is reliable be convenient for realize.

Preferably, the bolt or the nut is arranged in the middle of the battery pack, and the bolt or the nut penetrates through the battery pack.

In this scheme, bolt or nut setting are convenient for lock battery package and trade electric vehicle through a bolt locking structure locking at the intermediate position of battery package for load evenly distributed has effectively avoided the deformation of battery package on the battery package, has improved the stability and the anti-seismic performance of battery package. The bolt or the nut penetrates through the battery pack, namely, the locking penetrates through the battery pack, so that the locking is reliable.

Preferably, the bolt or the nut is floatingly connected to the battery pack.

In the scheme, the floating connection plays a role in buffering, hard collision between the bolt or the nut and the battery pack is reduced, and torque or vibration of the battery replacing vehicle when the battery replacing vehicle is subjected to steering distortion or jolt is prevented from being transmitted to the battery pack, so that the abrasion of the bolt or the nut and the damage of the battery pack are reduced.

Preferably, the bolt or the nut is connected to the battery replacement vehicle in a floating mode.

In this scheme, the connection that floats plays the effect of buffering, has reduced the bolt or nut and has traded the hard collision between the electric vehicle, prevents to trade the electric vehicle and receive the moment of torsion or the vibrations transmission to the car roof beam when turning to the distortion or jolting to the condition of bolt or nut wearing and tearing and battery package damage has been reduced.

Preferably, the structure of the bolt locking manner further comprises an anti-rotation retaining structure connected to the bolt and/or the nut to prevent relative rotational movement between the bolt and the nut.

In this scheme, utilize to prevent changeing stopping structure and avoid bolt and nut relative rotation, guarantee the fixed between locking piece and the locking mechanism locking, improved the reliable and stable nature of bolt locking.

Preferably, the anti-rotation retaining structure comprises a connecting portion, the connecting portion is provided with an inner vertical groove, the other end of the bolt is provided with a spline section, and the inner vertical groove is used for being meshed with the spline section to prevent the bolt from rotating relative to the nut.

In this scheme, prevent changeing retaining structure and bolted connection, through the meshing of spline section and interior vertical groove in order to prevent the relative nut rotation of bolt, it is simple reliable. The thread section and the spline section are arranged on the bolt, and the structure is compact.

Preferably, the anti-rotation retaining structure further comprises an inner gear ring and an outer gear ring which are meshed with each other, and the connecting part is fixed on the outer gear ring;

the inner gear ring is internally provided with an inner flange which is used for limiting the outer gear ring to move downwards in the vertical direction.

In this scheme, the ring gear is fixed, and through the rotation of ring gear restriction outer gear ring, the rethread outer gear ring restriction spline section rotates, and then through the rotation of spline section restriction screw thread section to realize preventing bolt and nut rotation each other, make prevent changeing stopping reliable. The inner flange is arranged on the inner gear ring and used for limiting the movement of the outer gear ring in the vertical direction, the limiting effect of the vertical direction on the bolt is achieved, and the bolt is prevented from falling downwards.

Preferably, the locking piece comprises a first locking piece, and the first locking piece is arranged on two sides of the battery pack extending along the width direction of the battery replacement vehicle;

and/or, the locking piece includes the second locking piece, the second locking piece set up in the battery package is followed trade the both sides limit that electric vehicle's length direction extends.

In this scheme, utilize first locking piece and second locking piece respectively with locking mechanism cooperation realize with battery package fixed mounting all around on trading electric vehicle.

Preferably, the locking pieces comprise a plurality of first locking pieces, and the first locking pieces are at least arranged at two ends of the battery pack along the width direction of the battery replacing vehicle;

and/or, the locking piece includes a plurality of the second locking piece, follows trade electric vehicle's length direction, the second locking piece set up at least in the both ends of battery package.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structural style, compare the middle zone of setting at the lateral wall of battery package, the setting is favorable to guaranteeing the stationarity that battery package and trade electric vehicle are connected at both ends.

Preferably, the quick-change assembly further comprises a quick-change bracket fixedly connected to the battery-changing vehicle, the locking mechanism is arranged on the quick-change bracket, and the plurality of battery packs are mounted on the battery-changing vehicle through the quick-change bracket.

In the scheme, by adopting the structural form, on one hand, the arrangement of a plurality of battery packs is more reasonable by adopting the quick-change bracket matched with the battery pack structure, and further the space utilization rate of the quick-change assembly is increased; on the other hand, set up locking mechanism on quick change support, it is more convenient when the production is processed, also reduces the influence to the vehicle structure of trading simultaneously.

Preferably, the quick-change support comprises at least two accommodating cavities, each accommodating cavity correspondingly accommodates one battery pack, and the locking mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the accommodating cavity and matched with a locking piece on the side edge of the battery pack, or the locking mechanism is arranged on the top wall of the accommodating cavity and matched with a locking piece on the top of the battery pack.

In this scheme, the setting holds the chamber and is used for placing the battery package, is favorable to reducing the height of quick change assembly along trading electric vehicle direction of height to trade the chassis of electric vehicle and need not to reserve more space and give the quick change assembly, improve space utilization, the dismouting of the follow-up battery package of also being convenient for simultaneously more.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket comprises two first beams extending along the width direction of the battery replacement vehicle and a plurality of second beams extending along the length direction of the battery replacement vehicle, the two first beams are arranged oppositely, two ends of each second beam are respectively connected to the two first beams, and the adjacent second beams and the first beams enclose to form the accommodating cavity;

preferably, the locking mechanism is provided at the bottom of the first beam and/or the second beam.

In this scheme, utilize beam structure to build the quick change support and form and hold the chamber, be favorable to improving the steadiness of quick change support on the one hand, on the other hand utilizes beam structure to have the characteristics of certain thickness, and the follow-up holding tank of seting up of being convenient for sets up locking mechanism.

Preferably, the bottom of the first beam and/or the second beam is provided with an accommodating groove with a downward opening, and the accommodating groove is internally provided with the locking mechanism.

In this scheme, holding tank downwardly opening, when the battery package is close to the quick change support gradually from bottom to top, the locking piece on the battery package can stretch into in the holding tank from the opening of holding tank, and realize the locking with the locking mechanism cooperation, set up locking mechanism in the inside holding tank of first roof beam and second roof beam, compare and set up on the lateral wall, avoid locking mechanism to occupy the space that holds the intracavity, hold and can place bigger battery package under the condition that the chamber size is the same, certainly if battery capacity demand is less, the size that also can reduce the quick change support makes the quick change assembly whole lighter little, and the holding tank can protect locking mechanism, prevent to receive external damage.

Preferably, the outer peripheral surface of the battery pack is provided with a protrusion extending in a direction away from the battery pack, and at least a part of an orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the quick-change bracket coincides with the protrusion in the height direction of the battery pack, and the protrusion is used for limiting the movement of the battery pack in the height direction of the battery pack.

In this scheme, because behind locking piece and the locking mechanism cooperation, can have the clearance between the locking part in locking piece and the locking mechanism, so will lead to the battery package to rock from top to bottom at the direction of height of battery package, adopt above-mentioned structural style, through the cooperation restriction battery package of bulge and quick change support rock, guarantee the battery package and trade the stationarity that electric vehicle is connected.

Preferably, the lock member is provided on the projection.

In this scheme, set up the lock piece on the bulge that the restriction battery package removed in the direction of height, stable in structure is reliable, and need not additionally set up mounting structure such as support for the lock piece in the battery package side.

Preferably, a first elastic piece is arranged between the protruding portion and the bottom surface of the quick-change bracket, and when the locking piece is matched with the locking mechanism, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the first elastic piece are respectively abutted against the quick-change bracket and the protruding portion.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structural style, avoided the rigidity collision between bulge and the quick change support, prevented to cause the damage to battery package or quick change support, guaranteed the life of bulge and quick change support.

Preferably, a second elastic piece is arranged between the top surface of the battery pack and the battery replacing vehicle, and when the locking piece is matched with the locking mechanism, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the second elastic piece are respectively abutted against the top surface of the battery pack and the battery replacing vehicle.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structural style, can set up the second elastic component between battery package and trade longeron or the chassis of electric vehicle, give the battery package some buoyancy in the direction of height of battery package, avoid taking place rigidity collision and producing the damage between battery package and the trade electric vehicle simultaneously, guaranteed the battery package and traded the life of electric vehicle.

Preferably, the protruding part surrounds the outer side surface of the battery pack along the circumferential direction of the battery pack.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structural style, when the installation battery package, battery package bulge homoenergetic all around plays the effect of avoiding rocking, is favorable to promoting the bulge on the one hand and prevents the effect that the battery package rocked, and on the other hand can guarantee that the battery package can not take place the slope.

Preferably, at least one pair of guide blocks are disposed on two opposite sides of the battery pack, the guide blocks have inclined guide surfaces, and the inclined guide surfaces of the pair of guide blocks gradually approach each other in a direction toward the locking mechanism.

In the scheme, by adopting the structure, in the process that the battery pack gradually approaches the quick-change bracket from bottom to top, the guide block aligns the battery pack with the accommodating cavity, so that the locking piece on the battery pack is ensured to be smoothly matched with the locking mechanism on the quick-change bracket; on the other hand because the lateral wall of guide block protrusion in battery package, when the battery package was located and holds the intracavity, the guide block can also reduce the battery package and rock on the horizontal direction, and then guarantees the stationarity of battery package.

Preferably, the locking member is disposed at a position below a center line of the battery pack in a height direction of the battery pack.

In the scheme, the locking piece is arranged at the position below the gravity center of the battery pack by adopting the structural form, so that the stability of the battery pack after the battery pack is connected to the quick-change bracket is further improved; on the other hand, after the battery pack is installed on the quick-change support, the distance between the battery pack and the ground is large, a large passing space is provided for the battery replacement equipment, and the battery pack is convenient to disassemble and overhaul subsequently.

The utility model provides a trade electric vehicle, trade electric vehicle includes the car roof beam and as above-mentioned quick change assembly, quick change assembly fixed connection trade electric vehicle's car roof beam to with at least two battery package install trade electric vehicle in.

In the scheme, the battery replacing difficulty caused by overlarge volume weight of a single battery pack is avoided by arranging the plurality of battery packs, the bearing requirements on the locking pieces are reduced, and the firmness and the stability of connection between the battery packs and the battery replacing vehicle are improved by arranging the plurality of locking pieces on each battery pack; when one of the battery packs is damaged, the normal operation of the battery replacement vehicle is ensured due to the existence of other battery packs. In addition, the bolt locking mode is simple and reliable, so that the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle are reliably connected.

Preferably, the quick change assembly includes three battery packs, one of the battery packs is located between two vehicle beams of the battery replacement vehicle, and the other two battery packs are located on two sides of the two vehicle beams respectively.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structural style, rationally utilized the space between two longerons to place the third battery package, under the condition that does not increase quick change support size, further promoted the capacity of battery package, prolonged the continuation of the journey of trading electric vehicle.

Preferably, the battery replacement vehicle is an electric truck.

In this scheme, the structure that sets up a plurality of battery packages is fit for more to the great electric truck of battery container volume demand, avoids the volume weight of single battery package too big.

The utility model discloses an actively advance the effect and lie in:

the utility model discloses a set up a plurality of battery wraps, avoid the too big battery changing difficulty that leads to of the volume weight of single battery package, reduce the bearing requirement to the locking piece, and set up a plurality of locking pieces on every battery package, improve the fastness and the stability that battery package and trade electric vehicle are connected; the plurality of battery packs are arranged along the width direction of the electric vehicle, the structural arrangement is compact, the space between the vehicle body longitudinal beams and the space on the two sides of the vehicle body longitudinal beams can be better utilized for arranging the battery packs, and the installation space is saved; on the other hand, when one battery pack is damaged, the normal operation of the battery replacement vehicle is ensured due to the existence of other battery packs; and meanwhile, the battery packs are arranged, so that the standardization of the battery packs is facilitated. In addition, the bolt locking mode is simple and reliable, so that the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle are reliably connected.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a locking assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the inner gear ring, the outer gear ring and the connecting portion of the locking assembly of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking assembly of embodiment 1 of the present invention in a state where the inner gear ring and the outer gear ring are engaged.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking assembly of embodiment 1 of the present invention in a state where the inner gear ring and the outer gear ring are engaged.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a quick-change assembly according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a bracket assembly according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a bracket assembly according to embodiment 2 of the present invention from another perspective.

Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of a quick-change assembly according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of an electric vehicle according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a quick-change assembly including three battery packs according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals

Quick change assembly 100

Battery pack 1

Locking piece 11

First latch 111

Projection 12

First elastic member 13

Guide block 14

Quick-change bracket 2

Locking mechanism 21

Accommodating chamber 22

First beam 23

Second beam 24

Accommodating groove 25

Quick-change vehicle 200

Longitudinal beam 3

Bolt 41

Threaded segment 411

Spline section 412

Spring 42

Outer cover 43

Ring gear 44

Inner teeth 441

Inner flange 442

Outer gear ring 45

External tooth 451

Outer flange 452

Connecting part 46

Inner vertical slot 461

Outer vertical slot 462

Embedded flange 463

Detailed Description

The present invention will be more clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 5-6, the present embodiment discloses a quick-change assembly 100, which includes at least two battery packs 1 arranged along the width direction of a battery replacement vehicle 200, each battery pack 1 is provided with a plurality of locking members 11 at least on two opposite sides, and the locking members 11 are configured to cooperate with locking mechanisms 21 on the battery replacement vehicle 200 in a bolt locking manner to lock the battery packs 1.

By arranging the plurality of battery packs 1, the problem that battery replacement is difficult due to overlarge volume and weight of a single battery pack 1 is avoided, the bearing requirements on the locking pieces 11 are reduced, and the firmness and stability of connection between the battery pack and a battery replacement vehicle are improved by arranging the plurality of locking pieces 11 on each battery pack 1; the plurality of battery packs 1 are arranged along the width direction of the electric vehicle 200, the structural arrangement is compact, the battery packs 1 can be arranged by utilizing the spaces between the longitudinal beams 3 of the vehicle body and the spaces at two sides, and the installation space is saved; on the other hand, when one of the battery packs 1 is damaged, the other battery packs 1 ensure the normal operation of the battery replacement vehicle 200; the arrangement of a plurality of battery packs 1 is also beneficial to standardization of the battery packs. In addition, the bolt locking mode is simple and reliable, so that the battery pack 1 and the battery replacement vehicle 200 are reliably connected.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the locking member 11 includes a bolt 41, the locking mechanism 21 includes a nut (not shown in the figures), and the bolt 41 and the nut are detachably connected to each other in a rotatable manner to achieve independent locking of the battery pack 1 on the battery replacement vehicle 200.

Further, the structure of the bolt locking mode can be seen in patent publication No. CN114029903B. Of course, the specific structural form of the bolt locking manner is not limited to the one described in patent publication No. CN114029903B, and may also be another structural form, and is not particularly limited.

For example, in the present embodiment, the bolt 41 is provided on the battery pack 1, and the nut is provided on the battery replacement vehicle 200. Preferably, the bolt 41 is provided at an intermediate position of the battery pack 1, and the bolt 41 is inserted into the battery pack 1. The bolt 41 is arranged in the middle of the battery pack 1, so that the load is uniformly distributed on the battery pack 1, the deformation of the battery pack 1 is effectively avoided, and the stability and the anti-seismic performance of the battery pack 1 are greatly improved. The bolt 41 penetrates through the battery pack 1, so that locking is reliable, and the stability of connection between the battery pack 1 and the battery replacement vehicle 200 is guaranteed.

Preferably, the nut is floatingly connected to the battery replacement vehicle 200. The floating connection can reduce the transmission of torque or vibration of the battery replacement vehicle 200 when the vehicle is subjected to steering torsion or bumping to the bracket for connecting the locking member 11, so that the influence of the torque or the vibration is reduced. The floating connection of the nut enables the nut to be self-adjusting in the process of hanging the battery pack 1, and further enables the threaded section 411 of the bolt 41 to be connected with the nut in a matched mode. The overall manufacturing precision of the chassis and the manufacturing precision of the battery pack 1 are reduced, and the requirement on the positioning precision of the battery pack 1 is reduced in the process of replacing the battery pack, so that the production process is simplified, and the production efficiency is improved. In other embodiments, the bolts 41 are floatingly connected to the battery pack 1, and the floating connection can reduce the transmission of torque or vibration of the battery replacement vehicle 200 to the battery pack 1 when the battery replacement vehicle is subjected to steering twisting or bumping, so that the influence of the torque or the vibration on the battery pack 1 is reduced.

In other embodiments, the nut is provided on the battery pack 1, and the bolt 41 is provided on the charging vehicle 200. Preferably, the nut is provided at a middle position of the battery pack 1, and the nut penetrates through the battery pack 1. Preferably, the nut is floatingly coupled to the battery pack 1, or the bolt 41 is floatingly coupled to the charging vehicle 200.

As shown in fig. 1-4, the locking member 11 includes a bolt 41, a spring 42, an outer shell 43, an inner gear ring 44, an outer gear ring 45, and a connecting portion 46, wherein both ends of the bolt 41 are respectively provided with a threaded section 411 and a spline section 412, and the threaded section 411 on the bolt 41 is used for being in threaded connection with a nut; the spline section 412 on the bolt 41 is adapted to engage with the inner vertical slot 461 on the connecting portion 46 to limit the rotation of the bolt 41 by limiting the rotation of the connecting portion 46; the threaded section 411 is disposed on the top of the bolt 41, so that the spline section 412 is disposed on the other end of the bolt 41 to connect with other components, thereby making the structure compact. The flange 463 of the connecting portion 46 is fitted into the outer flange 452 of the outer ring gear 45, and the outer vertical groove 462 of the connecting portion 46 is engaged with the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring gear 45, so that the connecting portion 46 and the outer ring gear 45 are formed integrally; the external teeth 451 of the external gear ring 45 are engaged with the internal teeth 441 of the internal gear ring 44, the rotation of the external gear ring 45, the connecting part 46 and the bolt 41 is limited by limiting the rotation of the internal gear ring 44, and the internal gear ring 44, the external gear ring 45 and the connecting part 46 form an anti-rotation and anti-backing structure for limiting the relative rotation of the bolt 41 and the nut; the inner flange 442 of the inner gear ring 44 is used for abutting with the outer flange 452 of the outer gear ring 45 for axis limitation; one end of the spring 42 is used for abutting against one end of the inner part of the shell 43 close to the threaded section 411, and the other end of the spring 42 is used for abutting against one end of the whole of the outer gear ring 45 and the connecting part 46 close to the threaded section 411; the housing 43 is used for being sleeved outside the bolt 41, the spring 42, the outer gear ring 45, the inner gear ring 44 and the connecting part 46.

Bolt 41 sets up in shell 43, to its guard action of bolt 41, dustproof and waterproof, can also avoid bolt 41 directly to receive external force striking simultaneously and lead to the locking to warp or drive the connection structure of nut and nut to receive the impact. The bolt 41 can be lifted or rotated in a vertical direction relative to the housing 43, and the housing 43 restricts the moving direction of the bolt 41, so that the bolt 41 can perform a rotational movement relative to the nut to lock and unlock. When the battery pack 1 moves in the vertical direction to be mounted or dismounted, the bolt 41 is lifted in the vertical direction, so that the movement process of the battery pack 1 is combined with the vertical locking process of the locking mechanism 21 and the locking piece 11, and the locking efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the bolt 41 goes up and down along the vertical direction, so that the interference between the bolt 41 and parts in the horizontal direction during movement can be avoided, and the structure is compact.

When the locking mechanism 21 and the locking member 11 are used on the battery replacement vehicle 200 to lock the battery pack 1, the nut of the locking mechanism 21 is fixed to the battery replacement vehicle 200, and the ring gear 44 is fixed to the battery pack 1 to connect the bolt 41 to the battery pack 1.

During unlocking, a professional tool is used for pushing the whole of the outer gear ring 45 and the connecting part 46, the whole of the outer gear ring 45 and the connecting part 46 moves away from the inner gear ring 44, so that the outer gear ring 45 is disengaged from the inner gear ring 44, the bolt 41 is driven to rotate relative to the nut by rotating the whole of the outer gear ring 45 and the connecting part 46 until the bolt 41 is disengaged from the nut, unlocking of the battery pack 1 and the battery replacement vehicle 200 is achieved, and the spring 42 drives the outer gear ring 45, the connecting part 46 and the bolt 41 to retreat.

When locking is carried out, a professional tool is used for pushing the whole of the outer gear ring 45 and the connecting part 46, so that the whole of the outer gear ring 45 and the connecting part 46 moves in the direction away from the inner gear ring 44, the outer gear ring 45 and the inner gear ring 44 are separated, and then the whole of the outer gear ring 45 and the connecting part 46 is rotated to drive the bolt 41 to rotate relative to the nut until the locking torque of the bolt 41 and the nut is met, so that the bolt 41 and the nut are locked; when the tool is removed, the spring 42 drives the outer gear ring 45, the connecting part 46 and the bolt 41 to retract, so that the outer gear ring 45 is engaged with the inner gear ring 44, and the outer flange 452 of the outer gear ring 45 abuts against the inner flange 442 of the inner gear ring 44 to limit the rotation and the axial movement of the bolt 41; if the outer ring gear 45 cannot engage the inner ring gear 44, the outer ring gear 45 can be rotated slightly to engage the inner ring gear 44.

In the embodiment, the inner gear ring 44 is fixed on the battery pack, and the rotation of the bolt 41 is limited by the rotation-preventing and retaining structure consisting of the inner gear ring 44, the outer gear ring 45 and the connecting part 46. In the locked state, the inner ring gear 44 and the outer ring gear 45 are engaged to restrict rotation of the bolt 41 relative to the nut, and the inner flange 442 of the inner ring gear 44 serves to restrict movement of the outer flange 452 of the outer ring gear 45, never restricting movement of the bolt 41 relative to the nut. In other embodiments, the structure of the anti-rotation backstop structure may be different from that of the present embodiment. In other embodiments, a toothed member may be inserted into the splined section 412 of the bolt 41 and secured to the battery pack, or to the vehicle to limit rotation of the bolt 41 relative to the nut, and then removed when unlocked. In other embodiments, a screw may be used instead of the toothed member, and the screw may be used to tighten the threaded section 411 of the bolt 41 to prevent the bolt 41 from rotating. In other embodiments, a structure capable of preventing relative rotation between the bolt 41 and the nut in the prior art may be adopted as the rotation-preventing and backing-stopping structure.

In the present embodiment, the nut is fixed to the battery replacement vehicle 200, and the bolt 41 is connected to the battery pack together with the inner ring gear 44, the outer ring gear 45, and the connecting portion 46. In other embodiments, nuts may be connected with the inner ring gear 44, the outer ring gear 45 and the connecting portion 46 to be fixed on the battery pack 1, and the bolt 41 may be fixed on the battery replacement vehicle 200; specifically, the nut may be directly machined with a vertical groove on its outer circumferential surface to engage with the inner vertical groove 461 of the coupling portion 46.

As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the locking member 11 includes a first locking member 111 and a second locking member (not shown in the figure), the first locking member 111 is disposed on two sides of the battery pack 1 extending along the width direction of the battery replacement vehicle 200, the second locking member is disposed on two sides of the battery pack 1 extending along the length direction of the battery replacement vehicle 200, and the first locking member 111 and the second locking member are respectively matched with the locking mechanism 21 to fixedly mount the periphery of the battery pack 1 on the battery replacement vehicle 200. In other embodiments, only the first lock member 111 may be provided on the battery pack 1, or only the second lock member may be provided. The specific structure of the first locking member 111 and the second locking member can adopt the bolt locking structure.

Specifically, the locking piece 11 includes a plurality of first locking pieces 111 and a plurality of second locking pieces, and along the width direction who trades electric vehicle 200, first locking piece 111 sets up at least in the both ends of battery package 1, along the length direction who trades electric vehicle 200, and the second locking piece sets up at least in the both ends of battery package 1, compares the middle zone that sets up at the lateral wall of battery package 1, sets up the stationarity that is favorable to guaranteeing battery package 1 and trades electric vehicle 200 and connects at both ends.

As shown in fig. 7 to 8, the quick-change assembly 100 further includes a quick-change bracket 2 fixedly connected to the battery-changing vehicle 200, the quick-change bracket 2 is provided with a locking mechanism 21, and the plurality of battery packs 1 are mounted on the battery-changing vehicle 200 through the quick-change bracket 2, so that on one hand, the arrangement of the plurality of battery packs 1 can be more reasonable by using the quick-change bracket 2 adapted to the structure of the battery packs 1, and further, the space utilization rate of the quick-change assembly 100 is increased; on the other hand, the locking mechanism 21 is arranged on the quick-change bracket 2, so that the production and the processing are more convenient, and the influence on the structure of the battery replacement vehicle 200 is reduced.

Wherein, quick change support 2 includes that at least two hold the chamber 22, every holds chamber 22 and corresponds and has held a battery package 1, locking mechanism 21 sets up in the lateral wall that holds chamber 22, with the cooperation of the locking part 11 of battery package 1 side, the setting holds chamber 22 and is used for placing battery package 1, be favorable to reducing the height of quick change assembly 100 along trading electric vehicle 200 direction of height, thereby trade the chassis of electric vehicle 200 and need not to reserve more space and give quick change assembly 100, improve space utilization, the dismouting of follow-up battery package 1 of also being more convenient for simultaneously.

Specifically, the quick-change bracket 2 includes two first beams 23 extending along the width direction of the battery replacement vehicle 200 and a plurality of second beams 24 extending along the length direction of the battery replacement vehicle 200, the two first beams 23 are arranged oppositely, two ends of the second beam 24 are respectively connected to the two first beams 23, and the adjacent second beam 24 and the first beam 23 enclose to form the accommodating cavity 22. Utilize beam structure to build quick change support 2 and form and hold chamber 22, be favorable to improving the steadiness of quick change support 2 on the one hand, on the other hand utilizes beam structure to have the characteristics of certain thickness, is convenient for follow-up holding tank 25 of seting up and sets up locking mechanical system 21.

In this embodiment, the bottom of first roof beam 23 and second roof beam 24 is equipped with downwardly opening's holding tank 25, be provided with locking mechanism 21 in the holding tank 25, holding tank 25 downwardly opening, when battery package 1 is close to quick change support 2 from bottom to top gradually, locking piece 11 on the battery package 1 can stretch into in holding tank 25 from the opening of holding tank 25, and realize the locking with locking mechanism 21 cooperation, set up locking mechanism 21 in the inside holding tank 25 of first roof beam 23 and second roof beam 24, compare and set up on the lateral wall, avoid locking mechanism 21 to occupy the space that holds in the chamber 22, can place bigger battery package 1 under the same condition of chamber 22 size, certainly if battery capacity demand is less, also can reduce the size that quick change support 2 made quick change assembly 100 whole lighter, and holding tank 25 can protect locking mechanism 21, prevent to receive external damage.

In other embodiments, the receiving groove 25 and the locking mechanism 21 may be provided only at the bottom of the first beam 23, or the receiving groove 25 and the locking mechanism 21 may be provided only at the bottom of the second beam 24.

After the locking piece 11 and the locking mechanism 21 are matched, a gap is formed between the locking piece 11 and a locking part in the locking mechanism 21, so that the battery pack 1 can shake up and down in the height direction of the battery pack 1, as shown in fig. 6 and 9, in order to ensure the stability of the connection of the battery pack 1 and the battery replacing vehicle 200, a protruding portion 12 extending towards the direction away from the battery pack 1 is arranged on the peripheral surface of the battery pack 1, in the height direction of the battery pack 1, at least part of the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the quick-change support 2 coincides with the protruding portion 12, and the shake of the battery pack 1 in the height direction of the battery pack 1 is limited through the matching of the protruding portion 12 and the quick-change support 2.

Further, as shown in fig. 9, a first elastic member 13 is disposed between the protruding portion 12 and the bottom surface of the quick-change bracket 2, and when the locking member 11 is engaged with the locking mechanism 21, the upper and lower end surfaces of the first elastic member 13 abut against the quick-change bracket 2 and the protruding portion 12, so as to avoid rigid collision between the protruding portion 12 and the quick-change bracket 2, prevent damage to the battery pack 1 or the quick-change bracket 2, and ensure the service lives of the protruding portion 12 and the quick-change bracket 2. Wherein, the first elastic element 13 may be rubber, nylon, sponge, spring, etc.

Specifically, bulge 12 surrounds in battery package 1's lateral surface along battery package 1's circumference, and when installation battery package 1, battery package 1 bulge 12 homoenergetic all around can play the effect of avoiding rocking, is favorable to promoting bulge 12 on the one hand and prevents the effect that battery package 1 rocked, and on the other hand can guarantee that battery package 1 can not take place the slope. In other embodiments, the protruding portions 12 may be discontinuous, and a plurality of protruding portions 12 are disposed at intervals on the outer side surface of the battery pack 1.

The protruding portion 12 is further provided with a through hole (not shown in the figure) communicated with the locking mechanism 21, and the through hole is used for allowing the unlocking mechanism to pass through, so that the protruding portion 12 is prevented from blocking the unlocking mechanism after the battery pack 1 is limited in the height direction, smooth unlocking between the locking piece 11 and the locking mechanism 21 is guaranteed, and the battery pack 1 is guaranteed to be detached smoothly.

A second elastic part (not shown in the figure) is arranged between the top surface of the battery pack 1 and the battery replacing vehicle 200, when the locking part 11 is matched with the locking mechanism 21, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the second elastic part are respectively abutted to the top surface of the battery pack 1 and the battery replacing vehicle 200, the second elastic part can be arranged between the battery pack 1 and the longitudinal beam 3 or the chassis of the battery replacing vehicle 200, certain floatable amount of the battery pack 1 in the height direction of the battery pack 1 is given, meanwhile, the battery pack 1 and the battery replacing vehicle 200 are prevented from being damaged due to rigid collision, and the service lives of the battery pack 1 and the battery replacing vehicle 200 are ensured. Specifically, the second elastic member may be rubber, nylon, sponge, spring, or the like.

As shown in fig. 9, at least a pair of guide blocks 14 are disposed on two opposite side edges of the battery pack 1, the guide blocks 14 have inclined guide surfaces, the inclined guide surfaces of the pair of guide blocks 14 gradually approach each other along a direction toward the locking mechanism 21, and in a process that the battery pack 1 gradually approaches the quick-change bracket 2 from bottom to top, the guide blocks 14 align the positions of the battery pack 1 and the accommodating cavity 22, so as to ensure that the locking member 11 on the battery pack 1 and the locking mechanism 21 on the quick-change bracket 2 can be smoothly matched; on the other hand, because the guide block 14 protrudes from the side wall of the battery pack 1, when the battery pack 1 is located in the accommodating cavity 22, the guide block 14 can also reduce the shake of the battery pack 1 in the horizontal direction, thereby ensuring the stability of the battery pack 1.

In the present embodiment, the lock 11 is provided at a position below the center line of the battery pack 1 in the height direction of the battery pack 1. The locking piece 11 is arranged at a position below the gravity center of the battery pack 1, so that the stability of the battery pack 1 after the battery pack 1 is connected to the quick-change bracket 2 is further improved; on the other hand, after the battery pack 1 is installed on the quick-change bracket 2, the distance between the battery pack 1 and the ground is large, so that a large passing space is provided for the battery replacement equipment, and the battery pack 1 is convenient to disassemble and overhaul subsequently.

As shown in fig. 10, the embodiment further discloses a battery replacement vehicle 200, where the battery replacement vehicle 200 includes a longitudinal beam 3 and the quick-change assembly 100 as described above, and the quick-change assembly 100 is fixedly connected to the longitudinal beam 3 of the battery replacement vehicle 200, so as to mount at least two battery packs 1 on the battery replacement vehicle 200. By arranging the plurality of battery packs 1, the problem that battery replacement is difficult due to overlarge volume weight of a single battery pack 1 is avoided, the bearing requirements on the locking pieces 11 are reduced, and the firmness and stability of connection between the battery packs 1 and a battery replacement vehicle are improved by arranging the plurality of locking pieces 11 on each battery pack 1; when one battery pack 1 is damaged, the other battery pack 1 can ensure the normal operation of the battery replacement vehicle 200; the arrangement of a plurality of battery packs 1 is also beneficial to standardization of the battery packs. In addition, the bolt locking mode is simple and reliable, so that the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle are reliably connected.

As shown in fig. 10 to 11, specifically, the quick-change assembly 100 includes three battery packs 1, one of the battery packs 1 is located between two longitudinal beams 3 of the battery replacement vehicle 200, and the other two battery packs 1 are located on two sides of the two longitudinal beams 3, respectively, so that a space between the two longitudinal beams 3 is reasonably used for placing the third battery pack 1, and under the condition that the size of the quick-change bracket 2 is not increased, the capacity of the battery pack 1 is further increased, and the endurance of the battery replacement vehicle 200 is prolonged.

In this embodiment, the battery replacement vehicle 200 is an electric truck, and the structure with a plurality of battery packs 1 is more suitable for an electric truck with a large demand for battery capacity, so as to avoid the excessive volume and weight of a single battery pack 1.

In other optional embodiments, the battery replacement vehicle 200 may also be a passenger vehicle or another vehicle type, and the structure in which the plurality of battery packs 1 are arranged may reduce the volume and weight of a single battery pack, so as to facilitate operations such as battery replacement.

Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and the principles of the present invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The quick-change assembly is characterized by comprising at least two battery packs arranged along the width direction of a battery-changing vehicle, wherein each battery pack is at least provided with a plurality of locking pieces on two opposite side edges, and each locking piece is used for being matched with a locking mechanism on the battery-changing vehicle in a bolt locking mode so as to lock the battery packs.

2. The quick-change assembly according to claim 1, wherein the locking member comprises a bolt and the locking mechanism comprises a nut; or, the locking piece comprises a nut, and the locking mechanism comprises a bolt;

the bolt and the nut are detachably connected to achieve the purpose that the battery pack is independently locked on the battery replacement vehicle.

3. The quick-change assembly according to claim 2, wherein the bolt or the nut is disposed at a middle position of the battery pack, and the bolt or the nut penetrates through the battery pack.

4. The quick-change assembly according to claim 2, wherein the bolt or the nut is floatingly coupled to the battery pack.

5. The quick-change assembly according to claim 2, wherein the bolt or the nut is floatingly connected to the battery replacement vehicle.

6. The quick-change assembly according to claim 2, wherein the bolt-locking arrangement further comprises an anti-rotation backstop structure coupled to the bolt and/or nut to prevent relative rotational movement between the bolt and the nut.

7. The quick-change assembly according to claim 6, wherein the anti-rotation and anti-backup structure includes a coupling portion having an internal vertical slot, the other end of the bolt having a splined section, the internal vertical slot being adapted to engage the splined section to prevent rotation of the bolt relative to the nut.

8. The quick-change assembly according to claim 7, wherein the anti-rotation and anti-backing structure further includes an inner ring gear and an outer ring gear that are engaged with each other, the connecting portion being fixed to the outer ring gear;

9. The quick-change assembly according to claim 1, wherein the locking member includes first locking members provided on both sides of the battery pack extending in a width direction of the vehicle;

10. The quick-change assembly according to claim 9, wherein the locking member comprises a plurality of first locking members, and the first locking members are arranged at least at two ends of the battery pack in the width direction of the battery changing vehicle;

11. The quick-change assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a quick-change bracket fixedly connected to the battery-changing vehicle, wherein the locking mechanism is provided on the quick-change bracket, and the plurality of battery packs are mounted to the battery-changing vehicle through the quick-change bracket.

12. The quick-change assembly according to claim 11, wherein the quick-change holder includes at least two receiving cavities, each receiving cavity correspondingly receives one of the battery packs, and the locking mechanism is disposed on a side wall of the receiving cavity and is engaged with a locking member on a side edge of the battery pack.

13. The quick-change assembly according to claim 12, wherein the quick-change bracket comprises two first beams extending along a width direction of the battery replacement vehicle and a plurality of second beams extending along a length direction of the battery replacement vehicle, the two first beams are oppositely arranged, two ends of each second beam are respectively connected to the two first beams, and the adjacent second beams and the first beams enclose the accommodating cavities to form the accommodating cavities.

14. The quick-change assembly according to claim 13, wherein the bottom of the first beam and/or the second beam is provided with a receiving groove which is open downwards, and the locking mechanism is arranged in the receiving groove;

the position department of locking mechanism is in at least first roof beam and/or the second roof beam is close to seted up on the lateral wall that holds the chamber and dodged the hole, dodge the hole edge the moving direction of locking piece runs through first roof beam and/or the bottom of second roof beam.

15. The quick-change assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that the outer circumferential surface of the battery pack is provided with a projection extending away from the battery pack, and at least a partial orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the quick-change holder in the height direction of the battery pack coincides with the projection, and the projection is used for limiting the movement of the battery pack in the height direction of the battery pack.

16. The quick-change assembly according to claim 15, wherein the locking member is disposed on the projection.

17. The quick-change assembly according to claim 15, wherein a first elastic member is disposed between the protrusion and the bottom surface of the quick-change holder, and when the locking member is engaged with the locking mechanism, upper and lower end surfaces of the first elastic member abut against the quick-change holder and the protrusion, respectively.

18. The quick-change assembly according to claim 1, wherein a second elastic member is disposed between the top surface of the battery pack and the battery-replacement vehicle, and when the locking member is engaged with the locking mechanism, upper and lower end surfaces of the second elastic member respectively abut against the top surface of the battery pack and the battery-replacement vehicle.

19. The quick-change assembly according to claim 15, wherein the protrusion surrounds the outer side of the battery pack in the circumferential direction of the battery pack.

20. The quick-change assembly according to claim 1, wherein the battery pack is provided with at least one pair of guide blocks on opposite sides, the guide blocks having inclined guide surfaces, the inclined guide surfaces of the pair of guide blocks being gradually closer to each other in a direction toward the locking mechanism.

21. The quick-change assembly according to claim 1, wherein the locking member is disposed at a position below a center line of the battery pack in a height direction of the battery pack.

22. A vehicle for replacing batteries, characterized in that the vehicle comprises a longitudinal beam and a quick-change assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 21, the quick-change assembly being fixedly connected to the longitudinal beam of the vehicle for mounting at least two battery packs on the vehicle.

23. The battery swapping vehicle of claim 22, wherein the quick-change assembly comprises three battery packs, one of the battery packs is located between two longitudinal beams of the battery swapping vehicle, and the other two battery packs are located on two sides of the two longitudinal beams respectively.

24. The battery replacement vehicle of claim 22, wherein the battery replacement vehicle is an electric truck.