CN116118451A

CN116118451A - Quick-change assembly and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN116118451A
Application number: CN202211305921.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张建平; 于新瑞; 褚佳玮; 宋志强; 张小春
Original assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-15
Filing date: 2022-10-24
Publication date: 2023-05-16
Also published as: CN116118462A; CN116001547A; CN116001549A; CN219007568U; CN218536329U; CN116160835A; CN218536331U; CN218536330U; CN116118467A; CN218558555U; CN116039355A; CN218558549U; CN116118458A; CN116252606A; CN218558544U; CN218805181U; CN218558553U; CN116409131A; CN218577490U; CN218558545U

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of power exchange, and provides a quick-change assembly and a power exchange vehicle. The quick-change assembly comprises a quick-change bracket and a battery pack, wherein the quick-change bracket and the battery pack are detachably connected in a bolt locking mode, the battery pack is multiple and is distributed along the same direction, and a first buffer structure is arranged between the battery pack and the quick-change bracket. The weight of a single battery pack is reduced by sub-packaging the battery packs, and the maintenance and the replacement of the battery packs are facilitated; by arranging the first buffer structure, a buffer effect can be achieved between the battery pack and the quick-change bracket, and the situation that the battery pack and the quick-change bracket are violently impacted due to jolt or inertia factors when the vehicle is in operation is avoided, so that the battery pack is protected; the quick-change bracket is detachably connected with the battery pack, so that the battery pack can be conveniently taken down for repairing the battery pack or the quick-change bracket or replacing the battery pack; the mode of locking the bolt is simple, reliable and convenient to realize.

Description

Quick-change assembly and vehicle

The present application claims priority from chinese patent application 2022108370942, whose application date is 2022, month 07, and 15. The present application refers to the entirety of the above-mentioned chinese patent application.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of power conversion, in particular to a quick-change assembly and a power-conversion vehicle.

Background

The existing battery pack mounting mode of the electric automobile is generally divided into fixed mounting and replaceable mounting, wherein the battery pack which is fixedly mounted is generally fixed on the automobile; the replaceable safety-rotating battery pack generally adopts a movable mounting mode, and the battery pack can be taken down at any time to be replaced or charged, and is mounted on the vehicle body after the replacement or charging is finished.

Because the removable locking mode is adopted between the battery pack and the quick-change bracket, the battery pack and the quick-change bracket cannot be completely locked, so that the battery pack is easy to collide with the quick-change bracket violently under the action of inertia under the condition of jolt or inertia factors of a vehicle to be changed, and the battery pack is damaged. Particularly, for large vehicles, the large vehicles have higher capacity requirements on the battery pack, so that the battery pack is larger and heavier and is more likely to collide with the quick-change bracket, and the battery pack is damaged.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defect that in the prior art, a battery pack collides with a quick-change bracket to cause the damage to battery pack, and provides a quick-change assembly and a battery-change vehicle.

The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a quick change assembly, includes quick change support and can dismantle the connection with the bolt locking mode the battery package on the quick change support, the battery package is a plurality of and arranges along same direction, the battery package with be equipped with first buffer structure between the quick change support.

In this scheme, first buffer structure can play the cushioning effect between battery package and quick change support, avoids because jolting or inertial factor when trading the electric vehicle operation leads to the condition of battery package and the violent striking of quick change support, plays the guard action to the battery package. Meanwhile, the battery packs are sub-packaged, the weight of the single battery pack is reduced, and when the single battery pack is damaged, only the damaged battery pack needs to be repaired or replaced correspondingly. The plurality of battery packs are arranged along the same direction, so that the structure is compact. The battery pack is detachably connected to the quick-change bracket, so that the battery pack can be conveniently taken down for repairing the battery pack or the quick-change bracket or replacing the battery pack. The bolt locking mode is simple and reliable, so that the battery pack and the quick-change bracket are reliably connected.

Preferably, the quick-change assembly further comprises a lock shaft assembly and a locking mechanism, the lock shaft assembly comprises a bolt, the locking mechanism comprises a nut, and the bolt is detachably connected with the nut to independently lock the battery pack on the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam of the electric vehicle.

In this scheme, realize detachable bolt lock through bolt and nut, simple structure is reliable and is convenient for realize. The quick-change bracket is fixed on the battery-changing vehicle, and the battery pack is locked on the beam of the battery-changing vehicle, so that the battery pack is connected to the quick-change bracket.

Preferably, the bolt is arranged on the battery pack, and the nut is arranged on the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam; or the nut is arranged on the battery pack, and the bolt is arranged on the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam.

Preferably, the bolt or the nut is arranged at the middle position of the battery pack, and the bolt or the nut penetrates through the battery pack.

In this scheme, bolt or nut set up the intermediate position at the battery package for load evenly distributed is on the battery package, has effectively avoided the deformation of battery package, improves the stability and the shock resistance of battery package greatly. The bolt or the nut penetrates through the battery pack, so that locking is reliable, and connection stability of the battery pack and the quick-change bracket is guaranteed.

Preferably, the bolt or nut is floatingly connected to the battery pack.

Preferably, the bolt or the nut is connected to the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam in a floating manner.

In this scheme, bolt or nut floating connection are on the battery package, can reduce the torque or the vibrations transmission to the battery package that change electric vehicle when receiving the turning distortion or jolt, and then make the influence that the battery package received torque or vibrations reduce. The bolt or the nut is connected to the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam in a floating manner, so that the torque or vibration of the vehicle when the vehicle is subjected to steering torsion or jolt can be reduced and transmitted to the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam, and the influence of the torque or vibration on the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam is reduced. The nut or the bolt can be self-adjusted in the process of hooking the battery pack by the floating connection of the nut or the bolt, and then the threaded part of the bolt can be matched and connected with the nut. The integral manufacturing precision of the chassis and the manufacturing precision of the battery pack are reduced, and the requirement on the positioning precision of the battery pack is also reduced in the process of replacing the battery pack, so that the production process is simplified, and the production efficiency is improved.

Preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises a fixed base, and the nut is connected to the fixed base in a floating mode.

In this scheme, the bolt is connected with the nut and is realized locking the battery package on quick change support or trading car roof beam, and the nut is connected on fixed base with floating, and reducible trading jolt etc. of car and transmitting to the battery package reduces the impact that the battery package received. Meanwhile, the nut is connected to the fixed base in a floating mode, the nut can move relative to the fixed base, and the assembly precision requirement between the bolt and the nut can be reduced. The nut is arranged on the battery pack, the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam through the fixing base, so that the requirement on the installation position of the nut can be reduced, and the flexible arrangement of parts is facilitated.

Preferably, one end of the bolt is provided with a threaded portion, and the threaded portion is used for being in threaded connection with the nut.

In this scheme, screw thread portion sets up at the top of bolt for bolt and nut pass through threaded connection.

Preferably, the lock shaft assembly further comprises a housing, and the bolt is arranged in the housing and can be lifted or rotated in the vertical direction relative to the housing.

In this scheme, the bolt sets up in the shell, to its guard action of bolt, dustproof and waterproof can also avoid the bolt directly to receive external force striking simultaneously and lead to locking deformation or drive the connection structure of nut and nut to receive the impact. The bolt can be lifted or rotated along the vertical direction relative to the shell, and the shell constrains the movement direction of the bolt, so that the bolt can perform rotary movement relative to the nut to lock and unlock. When the battery pack moves along the vertical direction to be installed or dismounted, the bolt is lifted along the vertical direction, so that the process of moving the battery pack is conveniently combined with the vertical locking process of the locking mechanism and the lock shaft assembly, and the locking efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the bolt is lifted along the vertical direction, so that interference with parts in the horizontal direction during movement of the bolt can be avoided, and the structure is compact.

Preferably, the quick-change assembly further comprises an anti-rotation and anti-back structure connected to the bolt and/or the nut to prevent relative rotational movement between the bolt and the nut.

In this scheme, prevent changeing the rotary motion of stopping structure can avoid at locking position bolt relative nut, guarantees the reliability of lock axle subassembly and locking mechanism locking, and then guarantees the reliability of battery package and quick change support connection.

Preferably, the anti-rotation and anti-return structure comprises a connecting part, wherein the connecting part is provided with an inner vertical groove, the other end of the bolt is provided with a spline part, and the inner vertical groove is used for being meshed with the spline part to prevent the bolt from rotating relative to the nut.

In this scheme, prevent changeing the backstop structure and bolted connection, through the meshing in spline portion and interior perpendicular groove in order to prevent the relative nut rotation of bolt, it is simple reliable. The threaded part and the spline part are arranged on the bolt, so that the structure is compact.

Preferably, the anti-rotation and anti-return structure further comprises an inner gear ring and an outer gear ring which are meshed with each other, and the connecting part is fixed on the outer gear ring.

In this scheme, the ring gear is fixed, and through ring gear restriction outer ring gear rotation, the rethread outer ring gear restriction spline portion rotates, and then through the rotation of spline portion restriction screw thread portion to realize preventing bolt and nut rotation each other, make prevent changeing the backstop reliable.

Preferably, the inner gear ring has an inner flange therein for restricting downward movement of the outer gear ring in a vertical direction.

In this scheme, set up the inward flange on the ring gear for restrict outer ring gear at vertical direction downstream, and then play the spacing effect of vertical direction to the bolt, avoid the bolt to fall down.

Preferably, a plurality of the battery packs are arranged along a length direction or a width direction of a body of the battery-powered vehicle.

In this scheme, the battery package is arranged along the length direction or the width direction of automobile body and is convenient for the installation and the dismantlement of battery package.

Preferably, a second buffer structure is arranged between adjacent battery packs.

In this scheme, the second buffer structure is used for avoiding the collision between battery package and the battery package.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket is provided with a plurality of battery accommodating grooves with downward openings along the length direction or the width direction of the body of the battery-changing vehicle, each battery accommodating groove accommodates one battery pack, and a first buffer structure is arranged between each battery pack and the corresponding battery accommodating groove.

In this scheme, a battery holding tank holds a battery package for every battery package all has independent installation space, can not collide or extrude each other.

Preferably, the quick-change assembly further comprises a locking mechanism and a vertically arranged lock shaft assembly, the locking mechanism and the lock shaft assembly are respectively arranged in each battery accommodating groove and on the long side and/or short side wall of each battery pack, and the lock shaft assembly and the locking mechanism are matched in the vertical direction to realize detachable connection of the battery packs on the quick-change bracket in a bolt locking mode.

In this scheme, locking mechanism and lock axle subassembly can guarantee the connection stability of battery package and quick change support. The opening of battery holding tank is downwards, when the installation battery wraps, battery wraps and battery holding tank along vertical direction relative motion, and locking mechanism and lock axle subassembly are along vertical direction cooperation locking, are convenient for combine together the vertical locking process of battery wraps and battery holding tank vertical relative motion with locking mechanism and lock axle subassembly, improve locking efficiency. The side wall that lock axle subassembly and locking mechanism correspond the battery package avoids influencing the overall height of quick change assembly because of setting up lock axle subassembly and locking mechanism for trade electric assembly compact structure, the quick change assembly of being convenient for arranges on trading electric vehicle.

Preferably, the number of the lock shaft assemblies is multiple, and the lock shaft assemblies are arranged on long side and/or short side walls of two sides of the battery pack at intervals.

In this scheme, lock axle subassembly and locking mechanism locking back, lock axle subassembly can play the effect that supports the battery package, and lock axle subassembly interval sets up in the both sides of battery package, further improves the connection stability of battery package and quick change support.

Preferably, a plurality of first buffer structures are arranged on the long side wall of the battery pack.

In this scheme, set up a plurality of first buffer structure on the battery package, can realize the many places anticollision of battery package, further prevent that the battery package from appearing damaging.

Preferably, the first buffer structures are also arranged on the short side wall of the battery pack, and the number of the first buffer structures on the long side wall of the battery pack is greater than that of the first buffer structures on the short side wall of the battery pack.

In this scheme, set up first buffer structure at the interval around the battery package, can all play the buffering guard action around to the battery package, can avoid leading to the battery package to take place with the condition of quick change support direct collision because the vehicle rocks, slows down etc. to cause the battery package to remove, the buffering effect is better. And because the impact force that the long limit of installation lock axle subassembly received is great, through setting up more first buffer structure in this side to guarantee that the buffering effect is good.

Preferably, a plurality of third buffer structures are arranged on the side wall and/or the top of the battery pack, and the third buffer structures are used for buffering in the vertical direction.

In this scheme, set up the third buffer structure at the lateral wall and/or the top of battery package in order to carry out the buffering of vertical direction, avoid the impact of vertical direction to cause the removal of battery package or collide with other structures on the vehicle. The top at the battery package sets up third buffer structure, and vertical impact's relief effect is good, sets up third buffer structure at the lateral wall of battery package to reduce or avoid occupying vertical space and lead to quick change assembly's vertical size grow, the installation of battery package on the vehicle of being convenient for. Be equipped with first buffer structure between battery package and the battery holding tank in order to alleviate the impact of horizontal direction, set up third buffer structure again in order to alleviate the impact of vertical direction, form the multidirectional buffering protection to the battery package, the buffering effect is better.

Preferably, the lock shaft assembly is disposed at a middle lower portion of a long side wall of the battery pack.

In this scheme, through the well lower part with lock axle subassembly setting at the battery package for the tie point of battery package and quick change support moves down, thereby improves the stability after the battery package locking on the quick change support, above-mentioned setting can increase battery package and quick change support area of contact, thereby has more space to set up first buffer structure.

Preferably, the lock shaft assembly at least partially overlaps the first cushioning structure in a height direction.

In this scheme, because the impact force that lock axle subassembly department received is great, through lock axle subassembly and first buffer structure at least part overlap in the direction of height to improve the buffering effect of lock axle subassembly department, guarantee the connection stability of battery package and quick change support.

Preferably, the lock shaft assembly and the first buffer structure are located at the same height.

In this scheme, owing to the impact force that lock axle subassembly department received is great, above-mentioned setting can further guarantee the buffering effect of lock axle subassembly department, guarantees the connection stability of battery package and quick change support.

Preferably, the first buffer structure includes an elastic member connected to the battery pack or the quick-change bracket.

In this scheme, the elastic component is used for preventing the rigid collision between battery package and the quick change support, realizes elastic buffering to restrict the battery package and for the removal of quick change support, prevent the battery package damage.

Preferably, the first buffer structure further comprises a limiting member, wherein the limiting member and the elastic member are arranged in one-to-one correspondence and are respectively arranged on the battery pack and the quick-change bracket;

When the battery pack is mounted on the quick-change bracket, the elastic member abuts against the limiting member.

In this scheme, through spacing component and elastic component cooperation, further restrict the battery package and for the removal of quick change support, prevent that the battery package from damaging.

Preferably, a battery end water connector is arranged on the top of the battery pack, a vehicle end water connector is arranged on the quick-change bracket, and when the battery pack is connected to the quick-change bracket, the battery end water connector is in butt joint communication with the vehicle end water connector.

In this scheme, install battery end water joint at the top of battery package, can avoid battery end water joint to occupy the space of battery package lateral part for the lateral part of battery package can have more space installation first buffer structure, improves the buffering effect. When the battery pack is installed on the battery-replacing vehicle through upward movement in the vertical direction, the battery end water connector and the vehicle end water connector are in butt joint communication in the vertical direction and can be combined with the battery pack lifting process, so that the installation efficiency of the battery pack is improved.

Preferably, a battery end electric connector is arranged on the top of the battery pack, a vehicle end electric connector is arranged on the quick-change bracket, and when the battery pack is connected to the quick-change bracket, the battery end electric connector is in butt joint communication with the vehicle end electric connector.

In this scheme, install battery end electric connector at the top of battery package, can avoid battery end electric connector to occupy the space of battery package lateral part for the lateral part of battery package can have more space installation first buffer structure, improves the buffering effect. When the battery pack is installed on the battery-replacing vehicle through upward movement in the vertical direction, the battery end electric connector and the vehicle end electric connector are in butt joint communication in the vertical direction and can be combined with the battery pack lifting process, so that the installation efficiency of the battery pack is improved.

A battery-changing vehicle is provided with a quick-changing assembly in any one of the technical schemes.

In this scheme, quick change assembly installs on trading electric vehicle for trading electric vehicle power supply.

Preferably, the battery-powered vehicle is an electric truck.

Preferably, the battery pack is located below the vehicle beam, and the battery pack is vertically installed on the quick-change bracket from the bottom of the battery change vehicle in a bolt locking mode.

In the scheme, the quick-change assembly is arranged on the quick-change bracket from bottom to top and then arranged on a beam of the battery-change vehicle.

The invention has the positive progress effects that:

by arranging the first buffer structure, a buffer effect can be achieved between the battery pack and the quick-change bracket, and the situation that the battery pack and the quick-change bracket are violently impacted due to jolt or inertia factors when the vehicle is in operation is avoided, so that the battery pack is protected; the weight of a single battery pack is reduced by sub-packaging the battery packs, and the maintenance and the replacement of the battery packs are facilitated; the plurality of battery packs are distributed along the same direction, so that the quick-change assembly is compact in structure; the quick-change bracket is detachably connected with the battery pack, so that the battery pack can be conveniently taken down for repairing the battery pack or the quick-change bracket or replacing the battery pack; the bolt locking mode is simple, reliable and convenient to realize, and the connection between the battery pack and the quick-change bracket is simple and reliable.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a battery-powered vehicle according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a battery pack according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the battery pack according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first buffer structure according to embodiment 1 of the present invention

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of an elastic member according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a spacing member according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is an exploded view of the structure of the lock shaft assembly of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the ring gear, and the connecting portion of the lock shaft assembly of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of the lock shaft assembly of embodiment 1 in the state where the ring gear and the outer ring gear are meshed.

Fig. 10 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of the lock shaft assembly of embodiment 1 of the present invention in a state where the ring gear and the outer ring gear are meshed.

Fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a battery pack according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Reference numerals illustrate:

battery change vehicle 1

Length direction Y, width direction X, and height direction Z

Quick change stand 11

Battery accommodating groove 111

Battery pack 12

Vehicle beam 13

First buffer structure 2

Elastic member 21

Mounting portion 211

Mounting hole 2111

Protrusion 212

Upper inclined surface 2121

Lower inclined surface 2122

Left inclined face 2123

Right inclined face 2124

Free end 213

Engagement portion 214

Spacing member 22

Locating surface 221

Guide surface 222

Connection surface 223

Bottom wall 224

Sidewall portion 225

Sliding channel 226

Cambered surface 231

Lower cambered surface 232

Upper arc surface 233

Arcuate guide surface 234

Lock shaft assembly 3

Bolt 31

Screw portion 311

Spline portion 312

Spring 32

Housing 33

Ring gear 34

Internal teeth 341

Inner flange 342

Outer ring gear 35

External teeth 351

Outer flange 352

Connection portion 36

Inner vertical groove 361

Outer vertical groove 362

Inlay flange 363

Battery terminal water connector 41

Battery terminal electrical connector 42

Vehicle end electrical connector 43

Switching support 5

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments are shown.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-3, the present embodiment discloses a quick-change assembly, which includes a quick-change bracket 11 and a battery pack 12 detachably connected to the quick-change bracket 11 in a bolt locking manner, wherein the quick-change bracket 11 is mounted on a battery-change vehicle 1 for realizing connection between the battery pack 12 and the battery-change vehicle 1, and the battery pack 12 is rectangular and is used for supplying power to the battery-change vehicle 1. In which fig. 1 illustrates the installation of a battery pack 12 on a battery-powered vehicle 1.

As shown in fig. 1, the number of the battery packs 12 in the present embodiment is three, and the three battery packs 12 are arranged in the width direction (X direction) of the vehicle body, so that the battery packs 12 can be easily attached and detached. The present embodiment provides for sub-packaging of the battery packs 12, reducing the weight of the individual battery packs 12, and when damage occurs to an individual battery pack 12, only the damaged battery pack 12 needs to be repaired or replaced accordingly.

In other alternative embodiments, the plurality of battery packs 12 may be arranged in the same direction other than the width direction of the vehicle body, for example, the length direction (Y direction) of the vehicle body, to facilitate the mounting and dismounting of the battery packs 12.

As shown in fig. 1-3, a first buffer structure 2 is disposed between the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11, and the first buffer structure 2 can play a role in buffering between the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11, so as to avoid the situation that the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11 collide violently due to jolt or inertia factors when the vehicle 1 is in operation, and protect the battery pack 12. Wherein the battery pack 12 in fig. 2 and 3 illustrates only the general outline of the battery pack 12, with the lock shaft assembly omitted.

Specifically, the quick-change bracket 11 has three battery receiving grooves 111 with openings facing downward in the width direction of the vehicle body, and each battery receiving groove 111 receives one battery pack 12 such that each battery pack 12 has an independent installation space without collision or pressing against each other. A first buffer structure 2 is disposed between each battery pack 12 and the corresponding battery accommodating groove 111, so as to ensure that each battery pack 12 plays a role in buffering relative to the quick-change bracket 11, and further prevent the battery packs 12 from being damaged.

In other alternative embodiments, if the plurality of battery packs 12 are arranged along the length direction of the vehicle body, the quick-change bracket 11 is provided with a plurality of battery receiving grooves 111 in the length direction of the vehicle body.

As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the first buffer structure 2 includes elastic members 21 and limiting members 22, the number of the elastic members 21 and the number of the limiting members 22 are the same and are plural, the elastic members 21 and the limiting members 22 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, the elastic members 21 are all connected to the inner side walls of the battery accommodating grooves 111, and the limiting members 22 are all connected to the outer side walls of the battery packs 12. When the battery pack 12 is mounted on the quick-change bracket 11, the elastic member 21 abuts against the stopper member 22. The elastic member 21 is made of an elastic material, the elastic member 21 is used for preventing rigid collision between the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11, elastic buffering is achieved, and the limiting member 22 is matched with the elastic member 21 to limit movement of the battery pack 12 relative to the quick-change bracket 11 and prevent the battery pack 12 from being damaged.

In other alternative embodiments, the limiting members 22 may be connected to the inner side walls of the battery receiving grooves 111, and the elastic members 21 may be connected to the outer side walls of the battery pack 12. Alternatively, the inner side wall of the battery housing groove 111 may be connected to the partial elastic member 21 and the partial stopper member 22, and the outer side wall of the battery pack 12 may be connected to the partial stopper member 22 and the partial elastic member 21.

As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the elastic member 21 includes a mounting portion 211 for mounting the elastic member 21 to the inner side wall of the battery housing groove 111, and a protrusion portion 212 extending to protrude with respect to the mounting portion 211 in a direction away from the inner side wall of the battery housing groove 111. The protrusion 212 is formed with a groove on a surface facing the battery accommodating groove 111, and a gap defined by the groove is provided between the protrusion 212 and an inner wall surface of the battery accommodating groove 111 when the elastic member 21 is mounted to the quick-change bracket 11. When the battery pack 12 is mounted in the quick-change holder 11, the protrusion 212 deforms toward the inner side wall of the battery accommodating groove 111.

The protruding portion 212 has an upper inclined surface 2121 and a lower inclined surface 2122 provided to incline from the protruding end of the protruding portion 212 toward the mounting portion 211, and a left inclined surface 2123 and a right inclined surface 2124 provided to incline from the protruding end of the protruding portion 212 toward the mounting portion 211, which are provided to oppose each other, and these inclined surfaces give the protruding portion 212 a good elasticity and a good guidance. By providing the up-down inclined surface 2122 and the left-right inclined surface 2124 on the protruding portion 212, contact guidance between the elastic member 21 and the stopper member 22 is facilitated in the process of mounting the battery pack 12 on the quick-change bracket 11, resistance in the relative movement process therebetween is reduced, and the efficiency of mounting and dismounting the battery pack 12 is improved.

As shown in fig. 4 to 5, in the present embodiment, the elastic member 21 includes two protrusions 212 distributed along the vertical direction (Z direction), and the mounting portion 211 is provided between the adjacent two protrusions 212, and by providing a plurality of protrusions 212, the elasticity thereof can be ensured well.

In other alternative embodiments, the number of the protrusions 212 may be one or more, and the mounting portion 211 may be disposed between two adjacent protrusions 212 or may be disposed at an end of the elastic member 21.

As shown in fig. 5, the upper end of the elastic member 21 is a free end 213, and the free end 213 is connected to one side of the upper inclined surface 2121 of the protruding portion 212. The free end 213 may have a plate-like structure that is bonded to the inner wall surface of the battery housing groove 111, or the free end 213 may have a plate-like structure with a certain gap from the battery housing groove 111.

As shown in fig. 5, the elastic member 21 has an engaging portion 214 at a lower end thereof, the engaging portion 214 being formed to be bent toward an inner side wall of the battery accommodating groove 111 of the battery-changing vehicle 1, the engaging portion 214 being for engaging with the inner side wall of the battery accommodating groove 111. Alternatively, the engaging portion 214 may be formed in a hook shape that hooks the lower surface of the inner side wall of the battery receiving groove 111, thereby facilitating the positioning and mounting of the elastic member 21 with respect to the battery receiving groove 111, and also further restricting the movement of the elastic member 21 with respect to the quick-change bracket 11. The connection between the engaging portion 214 and the protruding portion 212 is an arc surface 231, and when the limiting member 22 is engaged from below the elastic member 21, the arc surface 231 facilitates the engagement of the limiting member 22, and prevents the interference of the bottom structure of the elastic member 21 to the upward movement of the limiting member 22.

In other alternative embodiments, the engaging portion 214 may have other shapes that can engage with the inner wall of the battery accommodating groove 111. Further, a corresponding groove or the like may be provided in the inner side wall of the quick-change holder 11 to engage with the engaging portion 214.

In other alternative embodiments, the engaging portion 214 may not be provided, so that both the upper and lower ends of the elastic member 21 are free ends 213. Alternatively, the engaging portion 214 may be provided at the upper end of the elastic member 21, and the lower end of the elastic member 21 may be the free end 213. Alternatively, the elastic member 21 may be provided with engaging portions 214 at both upper and lower ends thereof.

As shown in fig. 5, the mounting portion 211 is provided with a mounting hole 2111, and the mounting hole 2111 provided in the mounting portion 211 is connected to the quick-change bracket 11 by a fastener. In other alternative embodiments, the mounting portion 211 may be fixed to the quick-change holder 11 by other means.

As shown in fig. 6, the stopper member 22 includes a positioning surface 221 and a guide surface 222, the positioning surface 221 being for abutting against the elastic member 21, the guide surface 222 extending outwardly from the positioning surface 221. Specifically, the limiting member 22 in the present embodiment includes two guide surfaces 222, where the two guide surfaces 222 are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the positioning surface 221 and extend in the vertical direction, and a sliding channel 226 for sliding the elastic member 21 is formed between the guide surface 222 and the positioning surface 221. A connection surface 223 is provided between the guide surface 222 and the positioning surface 221, and the connection surface 223 is an arc-shaped surface to facilitate processing and enable the guide surface 222 to smoothly extend to the positioning surface 221.

In other alternative embodiments, the stop member 22 may also include more than three guide surfaces 222 to facilitate guiding of the resilient member 21.

As shown in fig. 6, the stopper member 22 includes a bottom wall portion 224 and side wall portions 225 provided on both sides of the bottom wall portion 224, the guide surfaces 222 are opposite surfaces of the side wall portion 225, and the two side wall portions 225 and the bottom wall portion 224 enclose a slide passage 226 extending in the vertical direction. The bottom and the top of the side wall portion 225 along the vertical direction are provided with a lower cambered surface 232 and an upper cambered surface 233, which are used for guiding the limiting member 22 to abut against and limit the elastic member 21 on the quick-change bracket 11, so that the limiting member 22 can conveniently enter the gap between the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11. The bottom and top of the bottom wall 224 are provided with arc-shaped guide surfaces 234 so as to be brought into contact with the elastic member 21 to guide it to abut against the positioning surface 221.

As shown in fig. 6, the upper arc surface 233 and the lower arc surface 232 not only form an arc extending along the width direction of the vehicle body, but also form an arc extending along the length direction of the vehicle body, and by setting each edge or angle of the limiting member 22, i.e., the side wall portion 225 and the bottom wall portion 224, as an arc surface 231 structure, on one hand, contact guidance between the limiting member 22 and the elastic member 21 is facilitated, abrasion between the two is reduced, and on the other hand, the limiting member 22 is facilitated to enter a narrow space between the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11, so that the situation that the limiting member 22 cannot enter a gap between the quick-change bracket 11 and the battery pack 12 due to a small position deviation is avoided, thereby resulting in low installation efficiency of the battery pack 12.

When the battery pack 12 is mounted in the quick-change holder 11, the stopper member 22 moves in the vertical direction, and the elastic member 21 is pressed by the stopper member 22 to deform. The up-down inclined surface 2122 of the protruding portion 212 of the elastic member 21 is used for guiding the limiting member 22 to press and limit with the protruding portion 212 of the elastic member 21, reducing friction and wear to the protruding portion 212 in the up-down moving process of the limiting member 22, enabling the limiting member 22 to move up and down smoothly, bending the engaging portion 214 of the elastic member 21 towards the direction of the quick-change bracket 11, facilitating the upward movement of the limiting member 22 and the pressing and limiting of the protruding portion 212 of the elastic member 21, and avoiding interference with the upward movement of the limiting member 22. The left and right inclined surfaces 2124 of the elastic member 21 cooperate with the side wall portion 225 of the stopper member 22 to facilitate entry of the elastic member 21 into the stopper member 22.

In other embodiments, the first buffer structure 2 may be different from the structure of the present embodiment as long as the impact between the battery pack 12 and the quick-change holder 11 can be relieved. In other embodiments, the first cushioning structure 2 may also include only the elastic member 21.

In other alternative embodiments, the first buffer structure 2 in this embodiment may also be a positioning module in chinese patent No. CN202022876046.3 or CN 202022876031.7. The positioning module can be independently arranged on the battery pack 12 or the quick-change bracket 11, and the positioning module is used for guiding and buffering when the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11 are vertically hung. Specifically, in the process of lifting the battery pack 12, the positioning module can guide the battery pack 12 relative to the horizontal position of the quick-change bracket 11, so that the positioning effect of the battery pack 12 relative to the quick-change bracket 11 is improved, the stability of the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11 is improved, the battery pack 12 is prevented from shaking left and right due to the gap between the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11 in the running process of the battery-change vehicle 1, and the stability and the safety of the installation of the battery pack 12 are ensured.

In other alternative embodiments, the first buffer structure 2 in this embodiment may also be a positioning component and unlocking component in chinese patent No. CN 201821166612.8. The positioning component can be independently arranged on the battery pack 12 or the quick-change bracket 11, and is used for playing a role in guiding and buffering when the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11 are vertically hung, and the unlocking component is matched with the positioning component to realize resetting of the positioning component and further guiding and limiting of the battery pack. Specifically, in the process of lifting the battery pack 12, the position of the battery pack 12 in the length direction and the width direction of the vehicle body is guided and limited together through the cooperation of the positioning assembly and the unlocking component, so that the positioning effect of the battery pack 12 relative to the quick-change bracket 11 is improved.

Further, a second buffer structure is provided between adjacent battery packs 12 for avoiding collision between battery packs 12 and battery packs 12 due to jolt or inertia factors when the vehicle is running. The second cushioning structure is a foam material having elasticity, and is provided on a side wall of the battery pack 12 on a side close to the adjacent battery pack 12. In this embodiment, the second buffer structure is identical to the first buffer structure 2. In other embodiments, the second buffering structure may also be other structures with buffering effects.

Further, a plurality of third buffer structures are provided on the side wall and/or the top of the battery pack 12 to buffer in the vertical direction, and the third buffer structures may abut against the quick-change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13. The first buffer structure 2 is arranged between the battery pack 12 and the battery accommodating groove 111 to relieve the impact in the horizontal direction, and the third buffer structure is arranged to relieve the impact in the vertical direction, so that the multi-directional buffer protection of the battery pack 12 is formed, and the buffer effect is better. The specific structure of the third buffer structure may be the same as that of the first buffer structure 2, but is adapted to the mounting orientation of the battery pack 12, so that the third buffer structure can alleviate the impact in the vertical direction. In other embodiments, the third buffering structure may be other structures with buffering effect, such as a rubber structure, a spring structure, and the like with elasticity, or other structures capable of being used for relieving impact in the vertical direction in the prior art.

The quick-change assembly comprises a lock shaft assembly 3 and a locking mechanism, wherein the lock shaft assembly 3 comprises a bolt 31, the locking mechanism comprises a nut (not shown in the figure), and the bolt 31 and the nut are rotatably and detachably connected to realize independent locking of the battery pack 12 on the quick-change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13 of the vehicle.

In the present embodiment, the bolts 31 are provided on the battery pack 12, and the nuts are provided on the quick-change bracket 11. Of course, the bolts 31 may be provided to the battery pack 12 and the nuts may be provided to the vehicle body frame of the battery-powered vehicle 1.

In particular, the lock shaft assembly 3 may be mounted directly on the side wall of the battery pack 12 or on the flange side of the battery pack 12, or the lock shaft assembly 3 may be mounted on the battery pack 12 through the adapter bracket 5 (see fig. 11 of embodiment 2). The transfer bracket 5 can be integrated, and a plurality of lock shaft assemblies 3 are arranged on the same transfer bracket 5; the adapter bracket 5 may also be split, and a lock shaft assembly 3 is mounted on one adapter bracket.

Preferably, the bolt 31 is provided at a middle position of the battery pack 12, and the bolt 31 penetrates the battery pack 12. The bolts 31 are arranged at the middle position of the battery pack 12, so that the load is uniformly distributed on the battery pack 12, the deformation of the battery pack 12 is effectively avoided, and the stability and the shock resistance of the battery pack 12 are greatly improved. The bolts 31 penetrate through the battery pack 12, so that locking is reliable, and stability of connection between the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11 is guaranteed.

Preferably, the nut is floatingly connected to the quick change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13. The floating connection can reduce the torque or vibration of the vehicle when the vehicle is subjected to steering torsion or jolt from being transmitted to the quick-change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13, so that the influence of the torque or vibration on the quick-change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13 is reduced. The floating connection of the nut allows the nut to self-adjust during the process of hooking the battery pack 12, thereby allowing the threaded portion of the bolt to be cooperatively connected with the nut. The integral manufacturing precision of the chassis and the manufacturing precision of the battery pack are reduced, and the requirement on the positioning precision of the battery pack is also reduced in the process of replacing the battery pack, so that the production process is simplified, and the production efficiency is improved. In other embodiments, the bolts 31 are floatingly connected to the battery pack 12, and the floatingly connected structure can reduce the torque or vibration of the battery pack 12 when the vehicle is subjected to steering torsion or jolt, so that the battery pack 12 is less affected by the torque or vibration.

Preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises a fixed base (not shown) to which the nut is floatingly connected, the fixed base being mounted to the battery pack 12, the quick-change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13. The battery pack is locked on the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam of the battery-changing vehicle by connecting the bolts and the nuts, and the nuts are floatingly connected on the fixed base, so that the transfer of jolt and the like of the battery-changing vehicle to the battery pack can be reduced, and the impact received by the battery pack is reduced. Meanwhile, the nut is connected to the fixed base in a floating mode, the nut can move relative to the fixed base, and the assembly precision requirement between the bolt and the nut can be reduced. The nut is arranged on the battery pack 12, the quick-change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13 through the fixing base, so that the requirement on the installation position of the nut can be reduced, and the flexible arrangement of parts is facilitated. The nut is connected in the fixed base in a floating way, and the nut can be protected through the fixed base, so that the damage of the outside to the nut is reduced, and the service life of the nut is prolonged; furthermore, the nut is connected to the battery pack 12, the quick-change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13 through the fixing base, so that the installation area of the locking mechanism is increased, and the installation stability of the locking mechanism is improved.

Specifically, the nut is floatingly connected to the fixed base via an elastic member. The elastic piece is utilized to realize that the nut can be movably connected to the battery pack 12, the quick-change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13, so that when the bolt 31 is connected with the nut, energy can be stored through the elastic piece, when the bolt 31 is taken down from the nut, the nut can be returned by utilizing the energy stored by the elastic piece, in the returning process, the elastic piece can also provide buffering for the nut, and the nut is prevented from being impacted with the battery pack 12, the quick-change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13 to influence the service life of the nut and the battery pack 12, the quick-change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13. The nut is connected with the battery pack 12, the quick-change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13 through the elastic piece, so that the nut can realize the movement of multiple degrees of freedom and the movable range of the nut is improved. Preferably, a plurality of elastic pieces are respectively connected to the periphery of the nut, so that the floating stability of the nut is improved. In this embodiment, the elastic component is the spring, has convenient installation, long service life, characteristics with low costs. In other embodiments, the elastic member 113 may be in the form of a disc spring or the like, and the type of the elastic member 113 is not limited herein.

In other embodiments, nuts are provided on the battery pack 12, and bolts 31 are provided on the quick change bracket 11 or on the vehicle beam of the battery change vehicle 1. Preferably, the nut is provided at a middle position of the battery pack 12, and the nut penetrates the battery pack 12. Preferably, the nut is floatingly connected to the battery pack 12, or the bolt 31 is floatingly connected to the quick-change bracket 11 or the vehicle beam 13.

As shown in fig. 7 to 10, the lock shaft assembly 3 includes a bolt 31, a spring 32, a housing 33, an inner gear ring 34, an outer gear ring 35, and a connecting portion 36. The two ends of the bolt 31 are respectively provided with a threaded part 311 and a spline part 312, and the threaded part 311 on the bolt 31 is used for being in threaded connection with a nut; the spline portion 312 on the bolt 31 is for engagement with the inner vertical groove 361 on the connecting portion 36 to restrict rotation of the bolt 31 by restricting rotation of the connecting portion 36; the threaded portion 311 is provided at the top of the bolt 31, so that the spline portion 312 is provided at the other end of the bolt 31 to be connected with other parts, resulting in a compact structure. The embedded flange 363 of the connecting portion 36 is embedded into the outer flange 352 of the outer ring gear 35, and the outer vertical groove 362 of the connecting portion 36 is engaged with the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring gear 35, so that the connecting portion 36 and the outer ring gear 35 form a whole; the external teeth 351 of the external gear ring 35 are used for being meshed with the internal teeth 341 of the internal gear ring 34, the rotation of the external gear ring 35, the connecting part 36 and the bolts 31 are limited by limiting the rotation of the internal gear ring 34, and the internal gear ring 34, the external gear ring 35 and the connecting part 36 form an anti-rotation and anti-return structure for limiting the relative rotation of the bolts 31 and the nuts; the inner flange 342 of the inner gear ring 34 is used for abutting against the outer flange 352 of the outer gear ring 35 for axial limiting; one end of the spring 32 is used for abutting against one end, close to the threaded portion 311, inside the housing 33, and the other end of the spring 32 is used for abutting against one end, close to the threaded portion 311, of the whole of the outer gear ring 35 and the connecting portion 36; the housing 33 is used to cover the outside of the bolt 31, the spring 32, the outer ring gear 35, the ring gear 34, and the connection portion 36. The bolt 31 is arranged in the shell 33, so that the protection effect of the bolt 31 is realized, dust and water are prevented, and meanwhile, the bolt 31 can be prevented from being directly impacted by external force to cause locking deformation or impact on a connecting structure driving the nut and the nut. The bolt 31 is vertically movable or rotatable with respect to the housing 33, and the housing 33 restricts the movement direction of the bolt 31 so that the bolt 31 can be rotated with respect to the nut to lock and unlock. When the battery pack 12 moves in the vertical direction to be mounted or dismounted, the bolt 31 is lifted in the vertical direction, so that the process of moving the battery pack 12 is conveniently combined with the vertical locking process of the locking mechanism and the lock shaft assembly 3, and the locking efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the bolt 31 is lifted in the vertical direction, so that interference with parts in the horizontal direction during movement of the bolt 31 can be avoided, and the structure is compact.

When the lock shaft assembly 3 and the locking mechanism are used in the battery pack 12 on the battery-powered vehicle 1, the nut of the locking mechanism is fixed to the quick-change bracket 11, and the ring gear 34 is fixed to the battery pack 12 to connect the bolt 31 to the battery pack 12.

During unlocking, the special tool is used for pushing the whole body of the outer gear ring 35 and the connecting part 36, so that the whole body of the outer gear ring 35 and the connecting part 36 moves in a direction away from the inner gear ring 34, the outer gear ring 35 is separated from the engagement of the inner gear ring 34, the whole body of the outer gear ring 35 and the connecting part 36 is rotated to drive the bolt 31 to rotate relative to the nut until the bolt 31 is separated from the nut, unlocking of the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11 is achieved, and the spring 32 drives the outer gear ring 35, the connecting part 36 and the bolt 31 to retract.

When the locking is performed, the whole of the outer gear ring 35 and the connecting part 36 is pushed by a special tool, so that the whole of the outer gear ring 35 and the connecting part 36 moves in a direction away from the inner gear ring 34, the outer gear ring 35 and the inner gear ring 34 are separated, and the bolt 31 is driven to rotate relative to the nut by rotating the whole of the outer gear ring 35 and the connecting part 36 until the locking torque of the bolt 31 and the nut is met, so that the locking of the bolt 31 and the nut is realized; the outer gear ring 35, the connecting part 36 and the bolts 31 are driven to retract by the spring 32 to enable the outer gear ring 35 and the inner gear ring 34 to be meshed, and an outer flange 352 of the outer gear ring 35 is abutted against an inner flange 342 of the inner gear ring 34 so as to limit the rotation and axial movement of the bolts 31; if the outer ring gear 35 cannot be meshed with the ring gear 34, the outer ring gear 35 may be slightly rotated to enable meshing with the ring gear 34.

In the present embodiment, the ring gear 34 is fixed to the battery pack 12, and the rotation preventing structure formed by the ring gear 34, the ring gear 35, and the connecting portion 36 restricts the rotation of the bolts 31. In the locked state, the ring gear 34 and the outer ring gear 35 are engaged, the rotation of the bolts 31 with respect to the nuts is restricted, and the inner flange 342 of the ring gear 34 serves to restrict the movement of the outer flange 352 of the outer ring gear 35, and the movement of the bolts 31 with respect to the nuts is not restricted.

In other embodiments, the structure of the anti-rotation and anti-back-off structure may be different from the present embodiment, and the anti-rotation and anti-back-off structure achieves the purpose of limiting the rotation of the bolt 31 relative to the nut by one of the ratchet, pawl, expanding bead, clamping and engagement.

In other embodiments, the toothed element may be inserted into the spline portion 312 of the bolt 31 and secured to the battery pack 12, or to the quick-change bracket 11, or to the beam 13 to limit rotation of the bolt 31 relative to the nut, which is then removed upon unlocking. In other embodiments, instead of the toothed part, an abutment may be used, which abuts against the threaded portion 311 of the bolt 31 to prevent the bolt 31 from rotating. In other embodiments, a structure capable of preventing the relative rotation of the bolt 31 and the nut in the related art may be employed as the rotation preventing and stopping structure.

In this embodiment, locking or unlocking is achieved by rotating the bolt 31, and the anti-rotation anti-back structure cooperates with the bolt 31 to achieve anti-rotation anti-back after locking of the bolt 31 and the nut. In other embodiments, locking or unlocking can be achieved by rotating the nut, and accordingly, the anti-rotation and anti-back-off structure is matched with the nut to achieve anti-rotation and anti-back-off; a groove extending along the axial direction of the nut can be machined on the outer peripheral surface of the nut, a toothed structure is used for being inserted into the groove of the nut, the toothed part is fixed on the battery pack 12, or the quick-change bracket 11, or the vehicle beam 13, so that the rotation of the bolt 31 relative to the nut is limited, and the toothed part is detached when unlocking; the abutting piece can be abutted against the nut in the circumferential direction of the nut to prevent the nut from rotating.

In other embodiments, the anti-rotation and anti-back-off structure may be matched with the bolt 31 and the nut at the same time, for example, the plug connector is used to insert the circumference of the bolt and the nut at the same time.

In the present embodiment, the nut is fixed to the quick-change holder 11, and the bolts 31 are connected to the ring gear 34, the ring gear 35, and the connecting portion 36 on the battery pack 12. In other embodiments, the nut, the ring gear 34, the outer ring gear 35 and the connecting part 36 may be connected together and fixed on the battery pack 12, and the bolt 31 may be fixed on the quick-change bracket 11; specifically, the outer circumferential surface of the nut may be directly machined with a vertical groove to engage with the inner vertical groove 361 of the connecting portion 36.

The locking mechanism is provided in the battery receiving groove 111 of the quick-change bracket 11 according to the long and wide dimensions of the battery pack 12, and the lock shaft assembly 3 is provided on the long side and/or short side wall of the battery pack 12. Each battery accommodating groove 111 and each battery pack 12 are correspondingly provided with a plurality of groups of locking mechanisms and locking shaft assemblies 3 which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, the plurality of locking mechanisms are arranged on inner side walls of two sides of the battery accommodating groove 111 at intervals along the length direction of the body of the battery replacing vehicle 1, and the plurality of locking shaft assemblies 3 are arranged on long side and/or short side walls of two sides of the battery pack 12 at intervals, so that the battery pack 12 is supported from two sides of the battery pack 12. The lock shaft assembly 3 and the locking mechanism are matched along the vertical direction (Z direction) to realize that the battery pack 12 is detachably connected to the quick-change bracket 11, so that the connection stability of the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11 is ensured, and meanwhile, the process of vertically lifting the battery pack 12 is combined with the vertical locking process, so that the locking efficiency is improved. In this embodiment, the lock shaft assembly 3 is mounted on the long side wall of the battery pack 12, because the long side wall of the battery pack 12 has more space for mounting the lock shaft assembly 3, so that a larger number of lock shaft assemblies 3 can be mounted, and the connection stability of the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11 is further improved. In other embodiments, the lock shaft assembly 3 may also be provided corresponding to the short side wall of the battery pack 12.

The lock shaft assembly 3 in the embodiment is installed on the upper portion of the long side wall of the battery pack 12, so that the lifting stroke of the battery pack 12 in the installation process can be shortened, and interference between the battery pack 12 and other structures on the electric vehicle 1 is avoided. In other alternative embodiments, the lock shaft assembly 3 may also be disposed at a middle lower portion of the long side wall of the battery pack 12, so that the connection point of the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11 moves downward, thereby improving the stability of the battery pack 12 after being locked on the quick-change bracket 11.

In the present embodiment, the lock shaft assembly 3 and the lock mechanism are provided corresponding to the side walls of the battery pack 12. Preferably, the lock shaft assembly 3 and the locking mechanism are also provided corresponding to the middle of the battery pack 12. The lock shaft assembly 3 is arranged on the side wall and the middle of the battery pack 12 at the same time, so that the load is uniformly distributed on the battery pack 12, the deformation of the battery pack 12 is effectively avoided, and the stability and the shock resistance of the battery pack 12 are greatly improved.

In other embodiments, the lock shaft assembly 3 and the locking structure may be disposed only corresponding to the middle of the battery pack 12, and a through hole may be formed in the middle of the battery pack 12 to accommodate the bolt to rotate in the hole and axially move, and the nut is disposed on the vehicle beam 13 or the quick-change bracket 11; a through hole may be formed in the middle of the battery pack 12, and an internal thread may be provided in the through hole to serve as a nut, so that a bolt may be provided on the girder 13 or the quick-change bracket 11. The lock shaft assembly 3 located in the middle region is penetratingly provided in the battery pack 12. The stress area between the lock shaft assembly 3 and the battery pack 12 is increased, the connection strength of the lock shaft assembly 3 and the battery pack 12 is improved, and the risk that the lock shaft assembly 3 and the battery pack 12 fall off is reduced.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first buffer structures 2 are disposed on the peripheral side walls of the battery pack 12. In this embodiment, the lock shaft assembly 3 and the first buffer structure 2 are located at the same height, that is, the lock shaft assembly 3 and the first buffer structure 2 are located at the same height position of the battery pack 12 in the vertical direction, where the lock shaft assembly 3 and the first buffer structure 2 in this embodiment are located at the same height, and it is not meant that the upper end of the lock shaft assembly 3 is flush with the upper end of the first buffer structure 2, or that the lower end of the lock shaft assembly 3 is flush with the lower end of the first buffer structure 2, but that the upper and lower ends of the lock shaft assembly 3 are located in the region formed by the upper and lower ends of the first buffer structure 2, or that the upper and lower ends of the first buffer structure 2 are located in the region formed by the upper and lower ends of the lock shaft assembly 3. All play the buffering guard action around to the battery package 12, can avoid because change electric vehicle 1 rocks, slows down etc. and cause the battery package 12 to remove, lead to the condition of battery package 12 and quick change support 11 direct collision to take place, guarantee the connection stability of battery package 12 and quick change support 11.

In other alternative embodiments, the lock shaft assembly 3 and the first buffer structure 2 may only partially overlap in the height direction, that is, the lock shaft assembly 3 is partially located above the first buffer structure 2, or the first buffer structure 2 is partially located above the lock shaft assembly 3, so as to improve the buffer effect at the lock shaft assembly 3, and ensure the connection stability of the battery pack 12 and the quick-change bracket 11.

Specifically, be equipped with a plurality of first buffer structure 2 on the long limit lateral wall of battery package 12, be equipped with a first buffer structure 2 on the minor face lateral wall of battery package 12, set up a plurality of first buffer structure 2 on battery package 12, can realize the anticollision of a plurality of places of battery package 12, further prevent that battery package 12 from appearing damaging. Moreover, due to the large impact force applied to the long side of the installation lock shaft assembly 3, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the number of the first buffer structures 2 on the long side wall of the battery pack 12 is greater than that of the first buffer structures 2 on the short side wall of the battery pack 12, so as to ensure the buffer performance.

In other alternative embodiments, a plurality of first buffer structures 2 may be provided on the short side walls of the battery pack 12 as shown in fig. 11; either one first buffer structure 2 is provided on the long side wall of the battery pack 12 or the first buffer structure 2 is provided only on the long side wall or the short side wall of the battery pack 12.

As shown in fig. 1-3, this embodiment further discloses that a battery water terminal 41 is disposed on the top of the battery pack 12, and a vehicle water terminal (not shown) is disposed on the quick-change bracket 11, and when the battery pack 12 is connected to the quick-change bracket 11, the battery water terminal 41 is in butt-joint communication with the vehicle water terminal. The car end water connector on the quick-change bracket 11 is connected with the cooling system of the electric vehicle 1, and the cooling liquid can flow into the battery pack 12 through the battery end water connector 41 and the car end water connector to cool or insulate the battery pack 12, so that the temperature of the battery pack 12 is always kept within a normal range, and the normal power supply of the battery pack 12 is ensured.

In this embodiment, the battery end water connector 41 is mounted on the top of the battery pack 12, compared with the conventional art in which the battery end water connector 41 is mounted on the side wall of the battery pack 12, the battery end water connector 41 can be prevented from occupying the space of the side of the battery pack 12, and meanwhile, the battery end water connector 41 and the vehicle end water connector are in butt joint communication in the vertical direction and can be combined with the lifting process of the battery pack 12, so that the mounting efficiency of the battery pack 12 is improved.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the present embodiment further discloses that the battery pack 12 is provided with a battery end electrical connector 42 on the top, and the quick-change bracket 11 is provided with a vehicle end electrical connector 43, and when the battery pack 12 is connected to the quick-change bracket 11, the battery end electrical connector 42 is in butt-joint communication with the vehicle end electrical connector 43. The vehicle-end electric connector 43 on the quick-change bracket 11 is connected with the circuit control unit of the battery-changing vehicle 1, so that the battery pack 12 is electrically connected with the battery-changing vehicle 1, and the battery pack 12 can supply power to the battery-changing vehicle 1.

In this embodiment, the battery end electrical connector 42 is mounted on the top of the battery pack 12, compared with the conventional art in which the battery end electrical connector 42 is mounted on the side wall of the battery pack 12, the battery end electrical connector 42 can be prevented from occupying the space on the side of the battery pack 12, and meanwhile, the battery end electrical connector 42 and the vehicle end electrical connector 43 are in butt-joint communication in the vertical direction and can be combined with the lifting process of the battery pack 12, so that the mounting efficiency of the battery pack 12 is improved.

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses a battery-powered vehicle 1, and a quick-change assembly is disposed on the battery-powered vehicle 1, and is used for supplying power to the battery-powered vehicle 1.

As shown in fig. 1, the battery-powered vehicle 1 in the present embodiment is an electric truck, the chassis of the electric truck has a vehicle beam 13, a quick-change bracket 11 is mounted on the vehicle beam 13, and a battery pack 12 is mounted on the quick-change bracket 11 and below the vehicle beam 13 to avoid interference with the vehicle beam 13. The quick-change bracket 11 may be fastened to the side of the beam 13 by screwing or the like.

In the power change process, the power change equipment enters the chassis position of the electric truck, and the battery pack 12 is vertically installed and detached from the bottom of the electric truck, so that the battery pack 12 is installed on the quick change bracket 11, or the battery pack 12 is detached from the quick change bracket 11, and the power change operation of the electric truck is realized. Here, the vertical direction refers to the height direction (Z direction) of the replacement electric vehicle 1.

Example 2

The present embodiment 2 is different from embodiment 1 in the arrangement of the lock shaft assembly 3 and the first buffer structure 2 on the battery pack 12, and the same portions will not be repeated, and only the different portions will be described.

As shown in fig. 11, the lock shaft assembly 3 is disposed corresponding to the long side wall of the battery pack 12, and a plurality of first buffer structures 2 are disposed on the short side wall of the battery pack 12, thereby providing a good buffer function for the battery pack 12. In other embodiments, the lock shaft assembly 3 may also be disposed corresponding to the short side wall of the battery pack, and the number of the first buffer structures 2 disposed on the short side wall of the battery pack 12 may be greater than the number of the first buffer structures 2 disposed on the long side wall of the battery pack 12, so as to perform a good buffer function on the battery pack 12.

In this embodiment, the lock shaft assemblies 3 are mounted on the long side wall of the battery pack 12 through the adapter brackets 5, wherein the adapter brackets 5 are of an integral structure, and the plurality of lock shaft assemblies 3 are mounted on the same adapter bracket 5, so that the number of the adapter brackets 5 is small, and the workload of processing and mounting is reduced; the integral transfer bracket 5 is also convenient for installing other structures of the electric vehicle 1; when the integral switching support is of a hollow or grooved structure, pipelines can be routed or arranged in the switching support 5. In other embodiments, the adapting support 5 may also be a split structure, where one adapting support 5 corresponds to one lock shaft assembly 3, and the split adapting support 5 has a small structural size, light weight, and small occupied space.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are all based on the orientation or positional relationship of the device or component when in normal use, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and to simplify the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the device or component in question must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such changes and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a quick change assembly, its characterized in that includes quick change support and can dismantle the connection with the bolt locking mode the battery package on the quick change support, the battery package is a plurality of and arranges along same direction, the battery package with be equipped with first buffer structure between the quick change support.

2. The quick change assembly of claim 1, further comprising a lock shaft assembly and a locking mechanism, the lock shaft assembly comprising a bolt and the locking mechanism comprising a nut, the bolt being detachably connected to the nut to effect independent locking of the battery pack to the quick change bracket or to a vehicle beam of a change vehicle.

3. The quick change assembly of claim 2, wherein the bolt is disposed on the battery pack and the nut is disposed on the quick change bracket or the vehicle beam; or the nut is arranged on the battery pack, and the bolt is arranged on the quick-change bracket or the vehicle beam.

4. A quick change assembly according to claim 3 wherein the bolt or nut is provided at a central location in the battery pack and the bolt or nut extends through the battery pack.

5. A quick change assembly according to claim 3 wherein said bolt or nut is floatingly connected to said battery pack.

6. A quick change assembly according to claim 3 wherein said bolt or nut is floatingly connected to said quick change bracket or said beam.

7. The quick-change assembly of claim 3, wherein the locking mechanism further comprises a fixed base, the nut being floatingly coupled to the fixed base.

8. The quick-change assembly of claim 2, wherein one end of the bolt is provided with a threaded portion for threaded connection with the nut.

9. The quick change assembly of claim 8, wherein the lock shaft assembly further comprises a housing, and the bolt is disposed within the housing and is vertically liftable or rotatable relative to the housing.

10. The quick change assembly of claim 8, further comprising an anti-rotation stop structure coupled to the bolt and/or nut to prevent relative rotational movement between the bolt and the nut.

11. The quick change assembly of claim 10 wherein the anti-rotation stop structure comprises a connecting portion having an internal vertical slot, the other end of the bolt being provided with a splined portion, the internal vertical slot being adapted to engage the splined portion to prevent rotation of the bolt relative to the nut.

12. The quick change assembly of claim 11 wherein said anti-rotation stop structure further comprises an inner ring gear and an outer ring gear intermeshed, said connection being secured to said outer ring gear.

13. The quick change assembly of claim 12 wherein said inner gear ring has an inner flange therein for limiting downward movement of said outer gear ring in a vertical direction.

14. The quick-change assembly of claim 1, wherein a plurality of the battery packs are arranged along a length direction or a width direction of a body of the battery-change vehicle.

15. The quick-change assembly of claim 1, wherein a second buffer structure is disposed between adjacent ones of the battery packs.

16. The quick-change assembly of claim 1, wherein the quick-change bracket has a plurality of battery receiving grooves with downward openings along a length direction or a width direction of a vehicle body of the battery-change vehicle, each battery receiving groove receives one battery pack, and the first buffer structure is arranged between each battery pack and the corresponding battery receiving groove.

17. The quick-change assembly of claim 16, further comprising a locking mechanism and a vertically disposed lock shaft assembly, wherein the locking mechanism and the lock shaft assembly are disposed in each of the battery receiving slots and on the long side and/or short side walls of each of the battery packs, respectively, and wherein the locking shaft assembly and the locking mechanism cooperate in a vertical direction to detachably connect the battery packs to the quick-change bracket by means of a threaded latch.

18. The quick change assembly of claim 17 wherein the number of lock shaft assemblies is a plurality, the plurality of lock shaft assemblies being spaced apart on both long side and/or short side walls of the battery pack.

19. The quick-change assembly of claim 18, wherein a plurality of said first buffer structures are provided on a long side wall of said battery pack.

20. The quick-change assembly of claim 19, wherein the first buffer structures are also provided on the short side walls of the battery pack, and the number of first buffer structures on the long side walls of the battery pack is greater than the number of first buffer structures on the short side walls of the battery pack.

21. The quick-change assembly according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein a plurality of third buffer structures are provided on the side walls and/or the top of the battery pack, the third buffer structures being for buffering in the vertical direction.

22. The quick change assembly of claim 17 wherein the lock shaft assembly is disposed in a lower-middle portion of the long side wall of the battery pack.

23. The quick change assembly of claim 17, wherein the lock shaft assembly at least partially overlaps the first cushioning structure in a height direction.

24. The quick change assembly of claim 17, wherein the lock shaft assembly is at the same elevation as the first buffer structure.

25. The quick-change assembly of claim 1, wherein the first cushioning structure comprises a resilient member coupled to the battery pack or the quick-change bracket.

26. The quick-change assembly of claim 25, wherein the first buffer structure further comprises a limiting member, wherein the limiting member is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the elastic member and is arranged on the battery pack and the quick-change bracket respectively;

27. The quick-change assembly of claim 1, wherein a battery end water connector is provided on the top of the battery pack, and a car end water connector is provided on the quick-change bracket, wherein the battery end water connector is in butt-joint communication with the car end water connector after the battery pack is connected to the quick-change bracket.

28. The quick-change assembly of claim 1, wherein a battery end electrical connector is provided on the top of the battery pack, and wherein a car end electrical connector is provided on the quick-change bracket, wherein the battery end electrical connector is in abutting communication with the car end electrical connector when the battery pack is attached to the quick-change bracket.

29. A battery change vehicle, characterized in that a quick change assembly according to any one of claims 1-28 is provided.

30. The battery-powered vehicle of claim 29, wherein the battery-powered vehicle is an electric truck.

31. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 29, further comprising a vehicle beam, wherein the quick-change bracket is coupled to the vehicle beam of the battery exchange vehicle, wherein the battery pack is positioned below the vehicle beam, and wherein the battery pack is vertically mounted to the quick-change bracket from the bottom of the battery exchange vehicle by a screw-lock.