CN218006197U

CN218006197U - Medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device

Info

Publication number: CN218006197U
Application number: CN202221079789.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 靳亚斌; 刘琰; 周亮; 张倩; 李洁; 张乐; 郭松
Original assignee: Xian Aeronautical University
Current assignee: Xian Aeronautical University
Priority date: 2022-05-07
Filing date: 2022-05-07
Publication date: 2022-12-09
Anticipated expiration: 2032-05-07

Abstract

A medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device comprises a PVT assembly, a heater, a storage battery and a centrifugal pump; the PVT component consists of a photovoltaic silicon plate, a left reflux device, a right reflux device and a finned heat exchanger. The left reflux device and the right reflux device are utilized to enable the working medium to flow in an S shape in the finned heat exchanger, and the working medium is utilized to absorb the heat of the PVT assembly to achieve the purpose of reducing the surface temperature of the silicon plate so as to improve the electricity generation efficiency. The storage battery, the inverter and the automatic control system can realize direct grid connection and energy storage of the system and can meet the requirement of a user on continuously supplying hot water.

Description

Medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a solar photovoltaic light and heat comprehensive utilization technical field especially relates to a well low temperature solar photovoltaic light and heat PVT device.

Background

The current mainstream solar energy utilization methods comprise solar photovoltaic power generation, solar thermal power generation, solar hydrogen production, solar heat collection and the like, and a crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell (PV) becomes a solar energy conversion device which is most widely applied by virtue of the advantages of long service life, mature installation and application technology, simple structure, strong applicability and the like, realizes large-scale application in the global range, and is an important component part of the current global energy supply.

The crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell has the disadvantages of high manufacturing energy consumption, high cost, long recovery period, low comprehensive solar energy conversion efficiency and the like, so that the further development of the crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell is restricted. However, the temperature rise of the crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell during operation can also lower the open circuit voltage and the maximum operating voltage of the cell. And further, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell is reduced, and the generated energy of the crystalline silicon is reduced by 0.4-0.6% when the temperature of the photovoltaic cell is increased by 1 ℃.

In order to improve the generating efficiency of the photovoltaic system and timely convert and utilize the heat generated by the temperature rise of the photovoltaic module in the working process. The medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device system combining the solar photovoltaic silicon plate, the storage battery, the heater and the fin heat exchange device can improve the power generation efficiency and meet the requirement of a user for supplying hot water in 24 hours. The prior art product is that a common photovoltaic silicon plate is directly laid on a heat exchange device, and the heat exchange coefficient between a photovoltaic silicon plate battery plate and the heat exchange device is low. The thermoelectric economy of the system is low in the operation process, and the PVT assembly system cannot continuously generate hot water in a low-temperature environment or at night, and pipelines are easy to freeze or frost crack and cannot be normally used.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Objects of the first utility model

For solving the technical problem who exists among the background art, the utility model provides a well low temperature solar photovoltaic light and heat PVT device combines PVT subassembly, battery, heater, fin heat transfer device, solenoid valve, radiometer sensor, temperature sensor, calorimeter. The intelligent control method is used for controlling different working conditions so as to realize the functions of generating electricity and generating hot water in 24 hours, and compared with the traditional method, the intelligent control method is used for solving the problems of electricity and heat utilization in the life of residents.

(II) technical scheme

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a well low temperature solar photovoltaic light and heat PVT device, its continuity combined heat and power that can realize the system with simple structure and control method, this system control element low price.

The utility model provides a another technical problem who solves provides a PVT subassembly that can high-efficient heat transfer with simple structure.

To the utility model discloses a well low temperature solar photovoltaic light and heat PVT device, above-mentioned problem is solved like this: the system is formed by connecting an electromagnetic valve, a water tank, a heater, a PVT assembly, a centrifugal pump, an inverter and a storage battery; the water inlet of the water tank is connected with a pipe section 1, the pipe section 1 is sequentially connected with an electromagnetic valve and a temperature sensor, the electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the flow of water in an inlet pipeline, and the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the water at the inlet; the water tank water outlet is connected with a pipe section III, the pipe section III is connected with an electromagnetic valve and a PVT assembly, the tail end of the pipe section III is connected with a left water inlet of the PVT assembly, and the electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the flow of water in a pipeline III; the pipe section II is sequentially connected with a water tank, a centrifugal pump and a PVT assembly, one end of the pipe section II, which is close to the water tank, is connected with the centrifugal pump, and the other end of the pipe section II is connected with a water outlet on the right side of the PVT assembly; the bottom of the water tank is connected with a pipe section IV, a heat meter, a temperature sensor, an electromagnetic valve, a heater, a temperature sensor, an electromagnetic valve, a centrifugal pump and a heat consumer are sequentially connected onto the pipe section IV, the heat meter, the temperature sensor and the electromagnetic valve are installed at the end close to the water tank, the heat meter monitors the heat absorption capacity of the PVT assembly, the temperature sensor monitors the temperature of water in the pipe section IV, the heater serves as an auxiliary heat source to heat the water in the pipe section IV, and the centrifugal pump is used for pressurizing a user side pipeline.

For the PVT component with simple structure and effective heat exchange of the utility model, the problems are solved as follows: the PVT component comprises a left-side reflux device, a photovoltaic silicon plate, a right-side reflux device, a support and a finned heat exchanger; the finned heat exchanger is characterized in that a communicating channel is formed by welding channels with the same specification on a support, a photovoltaic silicon plate is pressed on the support and is fixed on the upper surface of the finned heat exchanger through heat-conducting silica gel, the heat of the photovoltaic silicon plate is mainly transmitted and absorbed, and a left-side reflux device and a right-side reflux device are welded and fixed at the left end and the right end of the finned heat exchanger respectively and are used for enabling water in the finned heat exchanger to flow in an S shape.

The above technical scheme of the utility model following profitable technological effect has:

the utility model discloses a low temperature photovoltaic light and heat PVT utilizes system constitutes with the help of pipeline (I-V), PVT subassembly, centrifugal pump, battery and control system in solar energy, and it can realize the combined heat and power generation of photovoltaic light and heat PVT device system with simple structure, and system simple structure is convenient for make. The PVT component is composed of devices with fin heat exchange channels in 4 specifications, and compared with a conventional component, the cost is reduced; the fin is arranged in the fin heat exchanger to increase disturbance of working medium flowing, the left-side reflux device and the right-side reflux device separate water in the fin heat exchanger, and the water flows in the fin heat exchanger in an S shape to increase contact time of the water and the fin. The device can realize 24 hours heat production water and intermittent electricity production to improve the economic nature of traditional photovoltaic light and heat PVT system. In addition, the solar medium-low temperature photoelectric photo-thermal PVT utilization system is convenient to install, has obvious advantages in distributed energy utilization, and can be normally used in an environment with the temperature of more than 3 ℃.

Drawings

The invention discloses a medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device, which is further described in detail with reference to the embodiments described in the attached drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a medium-low temperature solar PV-PV device system according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a PVT assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a finned heat exchanger according to the present disclosure

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a left and right reflux vessel according to the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a diagram of the system control logic described herein;

in the figure: 1. a first electromagnetic valve; 2. a water tank; 3. a heater; 4. a PVT component; 5. a first centrifugal pump; 6. a hot water user; 7. a second centrifugal pump; 8. a first temperature sensor; 9. a second electromagnetic valve; 10. a second temperature sensor; 11. a heat meter; 12. a third temperature sensor; 13. a third electromagnetic valve; 4. a direct current ammeter; 15. a direct current voltmeter; 16. an inverter; 17. a storage battery; 18. a fourth temperature sensor; 19. an irradiance sensor; 20. a fourth electromagnetic valve; 21. a fifth electromagnetic valve; 41. a left-side reflux device; 42. a photovoltaic silicon panel; 43. a right side reflux device; 44. a support; 45. provided is a fin type heat exchanger.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is intended to be illustrative only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.

Fig. 1 schematically shows a solar medium-low temperature photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device, which comprises a water tank (2), a heater (3), a PVT assembly (4), a first centrifugal pump (5), an inverter (16) and a storage battery (17). A water inlet of the water tank (2) is connected with a pipe section I, the pipe section I is sequentially connected with a first electromagnetic valve (1) and a first temperature sensor (8), the first electromagnetic valve (1) is used for controlling the flow of water in an inlet pipeline, and the first temperature sensor (8) is used for detecting the temperature of the water at the inlet; a water outlet of the water tank (2) is connected with a connecting pipe section III, the pipe section III is connected with a second electromagnetic valve (9) and a PVT assembly (4), the tail end of the pipe section III is connected with a left water inlet of the PVT assembly (4), and the second electromagnetic valve (9) is used for controlling the flow of water in the pipeline III; a water outlet II of the water tank (2) is connected with a pipe section II, a centrifugal pump II (7) and a PVT assembly (4) are sequentially connected onto the pipe section II, one end, close to the water tank (2), of the pipe section II is connected with the centrifugal pump II (7), and the other end of the pipe section II is connected with a water outlet on the left side of the PVT assembly (4); the bottom of the water tank (2) is connected with a pipe section IV, the pipe section IV is sequentially connected with a heat meter (11), a temperature sensor II (10), a solenoid valve IV (20), a heater (3), a temperature sensor III (12), a solenoid valve V (21), a centrifugal pump I (5) and a hot water user (6), the heat meter (11), the temperature sensor II (10) and the solenoid valve IV (20) are installed at the end close to the water tank, the heat meter (11) monitors the heat absorption capacity of the PVT component (4), the temperature sensor II (10) monitors the temperature of water in the pipe section IV, the heater (3) serves as an auxiliary heat source to heat the water in the pipe section IV, and the centrifugal pump I (5) is used for pressurizing a user side pipeline; in addition, a temperature sensor four (18) and an irradiance sensor (19) are mounted on the PVT component (4).

The utility model adopts the PVT component (4) as shown in figure 2, the PVT component (4) is composed of a left side reflux device (41), a photovoltaic silicon plate (42), a right side reflux device (43), a support (44) and a finned heat exchanger (45); the lower end face of the finned heat exchanger (45) is installed on the upper end face of the support (44), the lower end face of the photovoltaic silicon plate (42) is fixed on the upper end face of the support (44) through heat-conducting silica gel, and the left side reflux device (41) and the right side reflux device (43) are respectively welded and fixed on the left end face and the right end face of the finned heat exchanger (45); a channel is formed by communication among the left-side reflux device (41), the fin heat exchanger (45) and the right-side reflux device (43), and particularly water is enabled to flow in an S' shape in the fin heat exchanger (45) by means of the partition plate structures of the left-side reflux device (41) and the right-side reflux device (43), so that the contact time of the water and fins is prolonged.

As shown in FIG. 5, a liquid level meter is installed in the water tank (2) and used for judging whether the liquid level of the water tank (2) is in a safe range h or not ₁ -h ₂ (20% H-80%) if the water level is less than h ₁ Opening the first electromagnetic valve (1) to supply water to the water tank (2), and if the water tank is in a safe range h ₁ -h ₂ (20% H-80% by volume) stopping the water supplement; the second temperature sensor (10) is used for judging whether the temperature in the pipe section V is between 35 and 40 ℃, if the water temperature is between 35 and 40 ℃, the hot water is directly supplied to the indoor space, and if the water temperature is lower than 35 ℃, the heater (3) is started to maintain the water temperature to be between 35 and 40 ℃ and supply the water to indoor users; an irradiance sensor (19) is mounted on the PVT assembly (4) for determining whether the outside irradiance is greater than 300W/m ² If it is larger than 300W/m ² Then checking the inside of the water tank (2)Whether the liquid level is in the safety range h ₁ -h ₂ (20% H-80% ₁ Opening the electromagnetic valve (1) to supply water to the water tank (2), if the water is in a safe range h ₁ -h ₂ (20% H-80% by volume) stopping the water supplement; and a fourth temperature sensor (18) is arranged on the PVT component (4), the fourth temperature sensor (18) judges whether the external environment temperature is lower than 3 ℃, if the external environment temperature is lower than 3 ℃, the second electromagnetic valve (9) and the second centrifugal pump (7) are closed, and the third electromagnetic valve (13) and the PVT component (4) are opened to drain water.

The utility model relates to a well low temperature solar photovoltaic light and heat PVT device carries out work according to following principle: during the starting process of the daytime heat accumulation power generation, whether the water level of the water tank (2) is h1-h2 (20-80% ² Then, the centrifugal pump II (7) and the electromagnetic valve II (9) are started to store heat and generate electricity; in the hot water supply process, the fourth electromagnetic valve (20), the fifth electromagnetic valve (21) and the first centrifugal pump (5) are opened, hot water is supplied to the pipeline IV from the water tank (2), and if the temperature fed back by the third temperature sensor (12) is lower than 35 ℃, the heater (3) is opened for heat supplement; and closing the second electromagnetic valve (9) and the second centrifugal pump (7) in the closing process of the device at night, and opening the third electromagnetic valve (13) to empty water in the PVT component (4) if the external temperature fed back by the fourth temperature sensor (18) is less than 3 ℃.

By adopting the medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device, on one hand, continuous electricity generation and heat generation of a PVT system can be realized without adding other equipment, and the flowing contact time of water in the PVT assembly (4) can be prolonged by the left reflux device (41) and the right reflux device (41); on the other hand, the fins in the fin heat exchanger (45) increase the heat exchange area between the assembly and water.

The foregoing shows and describes the basic principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and the description in the above embodiments and the description is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and that there may be various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications all fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a well low temperature solar photovoltaic light and heat PVT device, includes water tank (2), heater (3), PVT subassembly (4), centrifugal pump (5), inverter (16), battery (17), its characterized in that: the water tank (2) water inlet connecting pipe section I, the first solenoid valve (1) and the first temperature sensor (8) are connected to the pipe section I in sequence, the first water outlet connecting pipe section III of the water tank (2), the second solenoid valve (9) and the PVT assembly (4) are connected to the pipe section III, the left water inlet of the PVT assembly (4) is connected to the tail end of the pipe section III, the second water outlet connecting pipe section II of the water tank (2), the second centrifugal pump (7) and the PVT assembly (4) are connected to the pipe section II in sequence, the pipe section II is close to one end of the water tank (2), the left water outlet of the PVT assembly (4) is connected to the other end of the pipe section II, the heat meter (11) is connected to the bottom of the water tank (2) in sequence, the second temperature sensor (10), the fourth solenoid valve (20), the heater (3), the third temperature sensor (12), the fifth solenoid valve (21), the first centrifugal pump (5) and the hot water user (6), the heat meter (11), the second temperature sensor and the fourth solenoid valve (20) are installed near the end of the water tank.

2. The medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said PVT assembly (4) is composed of a left side reflux device (41), a photovoltaic silicon plate (42), a right side reflux device (43), a support (44) and a finned heat exchanger (45); the lower end face of the finned heat exchanger (45) is installed on the upper end face of a support (44), the lower end face of a photovoltaic silicon plate (42) is fixed on the upper end face of the support (44) through heat-conducting silica gel, and a left side reflux device (41) and a right side reflux device (43) are welded and fixed on the left end face and the right end face of the finned heat exchanger (45) respectively.

3. The medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the left side reflux device (41), the finned heat exchanger (45) and the right side reflux device (43) are communicated with each other to form a channel.

4. The medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device as claimed in claim 3, wherein a diversion clapboard is arranged between the left side reflux device (41) and the right side reflux device, and the working medium enters from the left side reflux device (41) and flows in the finned heat exchanger (45) through the diversion clapboard in an S-shaped flow direction.

5. The medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photothermal PVT device according to claim 4, wherein said PVT assembly (4) is mounted with a temperature sensor IV (18) and an irradiance sensor (19), and the irradiance sensor (19) is mounted on the PVT assembly (4) for determining whether the external irradiance is larger than 300W/m ² If it is larger than 300W/m ² Checking whether the liquid level in the water tank (2) is within a safe range h1-h2 (20-80% H), opening the solenoid valve (1) to replenish water in the water tank (2) if the water level is lower than h1, if the water replenishment is stopped within the safe range h1-h2 (20-80% H);

and a fourth temperature sensor (18) is arranged on the PVT component (4), the fourth temperature sensor (18) judges whether the external environment temperature is lower than 3 ℃, if the external environment temperature is lower than 3 ℃, the second electromagnetic valve (9) and the second centrifugal pump (7) are closed, and the third electromagnetic valve (13) and the PVT component (4) are opened to drain water.