CN114978032A - Medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device - Google Patents
Medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114978032A CN114978032A CN202210494304.2A CN202210494304A CN114978032A CN 114978032 A CN114978032 A CN 114978032A CN 202210494304 A CN202210494304 A CN 202210494304A CN 114978032 A CN114978032 A CN 114978032A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/40—Thermal components
- H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/50—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates
- F24S10/55—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/40—Thermal components
- H02S40/42—Cooling means
- H02S40/425—Cooling means using a gaseous or a liquid coolant, e.g. air flow ventilation, water circulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
A medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device comprises a PVT assembly, a heater, a storage battery and a centrifugal pump; the PVT component consists of a photovoltaic silicon plate, a left reflux device, a right reflux device and a finned heat exchanger. The left reflux device and the right reflux device are utilized to enable the working medium to flow in an S shape in the finned heat exchanger, and the working medium is utilized to absorb the heat of the PVT assembly to achieve the purpose of reducing the surface temperature of the silicon plate so as to improve the electricity generation efficiency. The storage battery, the inverter and the automatic control system can realize direct grid connection and energy storage of the system and can meet the requirement of a user on continuously supplying hot water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic photo-thermal comprehensive utilization, in particular to a medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device.
Background
The current mainstream solar energy utilization methods comprise solar photovoltaic power generation, solar thermal power generation, solar hydrogen production, solar heat collection and the like, and a crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell (PV) becomes a solar energy conversion device which is most widely applied by virtue of the advantages of long service life, mature installation and application technology, simple structure, strong applicability and the like, realizes large-scale application in the global range, and is an important component part of the current global energy supply.
The crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell has the disadvantages of high manufacturing energy consumption, high cost, long recovery period, low comprehensive solar energy conversion efficiency and the like, so that the further development of the crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell is restricted. However, the temperature rise of the crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell during operation can also lower the open circuit voltage and the maximum operating voltage of the cell. And further, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell is reduced, and the generated energy of the crystalline silicon is reduced by 0.4-0.6% when the temperature of the photovoltaic cell is increased by 1 ℃.
In order to improve the generating efficiency of the photovoltaic system and timely convert and utilize the heat generated by the temperature rise of the photovoltaic module in the working process. The medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device system combining the solar photovoltaic silicon plate, the storage battery, the heater and the fin heat exchange device can improve the power generation efficiency and meet the requirement of a user for supplying hot water in 24 hours. The prior art product is that a common photovoltaic silicon plate is directly laid on a heat exchange device, and the heat exchange coefficient between a photovoltaic silicon plate battery plate and the heat exchange device is low. The thermoelectric economy of the system is low in the operation process, and the PVT assembly system cannot continuously generate hot water in a low-temperature environment or at night, and pipelines are easy to freeze or frost crack and cannot be normally used.
Disclosure of Invention
Object of the invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background technology, the invention provides a medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device, which combines a PVT component, a storage battery, a heater, a fin heat exchange device, an electromagnetic valve, a radiometer sensor, a temperature sensor and a heat meter. The intelligent control method is used for controlling different working conditions so as to realize the functions of generating electricity and generating hot water in 24 hours, and compared with the traditional method, the intelligent control method is used for solving the problems of electricity and heat utilization in the life of residents.
(II) technical scheme
The invention aims to provide a medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device, which can realize the continuous cogeneration of systems by a simple structure and a control method, and the control elements of the systems are low in price.
Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a PVT module with simple structure and high heat exchange efficiency.
For the medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device, the problems are solved as follows: the system is formed by connecting an electromagnetic valve, a water tank, a heater, a PVT assembly, a centrifugal pump, an inverter and a storage battery; the water inlet of the water tank is connected with a pipe section 1, the pipe section 1 is sequentially connected with an electromagnetic valve and a temperature sensor, the electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the flow of water in an inlet pipeline, and the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the water at the inlet; the water outlet of the water tank is connected with a pipe section II, the pipe section II is connected with an electromagnetic valve and a PVT assembly, the tail end of the pipe section II is connected with a left water inlet of the PVT assembly, and the electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the flow of water in the pipeline II; the pipe section I I is sequentially connected with a water tank, a centrifugal pump and a PVT assembly, one end of the pipe section I I, which is close to the water tank, is connected with the centrifugal pump, and the other end of the pipe section I I is connected with a water outlet on the right side of the PVT assembly; the bottom of the water tank is connected with a pipe section IV, a heat meter, a temperature sensor, an electromagnetic valve, a heater, a temperature sensor, an electromagnetic valve, a centrifugal pump and a heat consumer are sequentially connected onto the pipe section IV, the heat meter, the temperature sensor and the electromagnetic valve are installed at the end close to the water tank, the heat meter monitors the heat absorption capacity of the PVT assembly, the temperature sensor monitors the temperature of water in the pipe section IV, the heater serves as an auxiliary heat source to heat the water in the pipe section IV, and the centrifugal pump is used for pressurizing a user side pipeline.
For the PVT module of the present invention, which has a simple structure and can exchange heat efficiently, the above problems are solved by: the PVT component comprises a left-side reflux device, a photovoltaic silicon plate, a right-side reflux device, a support and a finned heat exchanger; the fin heat exchanger is a communicated channel formed by welding channels with the same specification on a support, a photovoltaic silicon plate is pressed on the support and is fixed on the upper surface of the fin heat exchanger through heat-conducting silica gel, the communicated channel is mainly used for transferring and absorbing heat of the photovoltaic silicon plate, and a left-side reflux device and a right-side reflux device are respectively welded and fixed at the left end and the right end of the fin heat exchanger and are used for enabling water in the fin heat exchanger to flow in an S shape.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention discloses a solar medium-low temperature photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT (photovoltaic-thermal PVT) utilization system which is composed of a pipeline (I-V), a PVT assembly, a centrifugal pump, a storage battery and a control system, can realize the cogeneration of a photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device system by a simple structure, and is simple in structure and convenient to manufacture. The PVT component is composed of devices with fin heat exchange channels in 4 specifications, and compared with a conventional component, the cost is reduced; fins are arranged inside the fin heat exchanger to increase disturbance of working medium flow, the left-side reflux device and the right-side reflux device separate water in the fin heat exchanger, and the water flows in the fin heat exchanger in an S shape to increase contact time of the water and the fins. The device can realize 24 hours heat production water and intermittent electricity production to improve the economic nature of traditional photovoltaic light and heat PVT system. In addition, the solar medium-low temperature photoelectric photo-thermal PVT utilization system is convenient to install, has obvious advantages in distributed energy utilization, and can be normally used in an environment with the temperature of more than 3 ℃.
Drawings
The invention provides a medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic and photothermal PVT device, which is further described in detail with reference to the embodiments described in the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a medium-low temperature solar PV-PV device system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a PVT assembly according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a finned heat exchanger according to the present disclosure
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a left and right reflux vessel according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of system control logic as described herein;
in the figure: 1. a first electromagnetic valve; 2. a water tank; 3. a heater; 4. a PVT component; 5. a first centrifugal pump; 6. a hot water user; 7. a second centrifugal pump; 8. a first temperature sensor; 9. a second electromagnetic valve; 10. a second temperature sensor; 11. A heat meter; 12. a third temperature sensor; 13. a third electromagnetic valve; 4. a direct current ammeter; 15. a direct current voltmeter; 16. an inverter; 17. a storage battery; 18. a fourth temperature sensor; 19. an irradiance sensor; 20. A fourth electromagnetic valve; 21. a fifth electromagnetic valve; 41. a left-side reflux device; 42. a photovoltaic silicon panel; 43. a right-side reflux device; 44. a support; 45. provided is a fin type heat exchanger.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following detailed description. It is to be understood that these descriptions are only illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts of the present invention.
Fig. 1 schematically shows a solar medium-low temperature photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device, which comprises a water tank (2), a heater (3), a PVT assembly (4), a first centrifugal pump (5), an inverter (16) and a storage battery (17). The water inlet of the water tank (2) is connected with a pipe section I, the pipe section I is sequentially connected with a first electromagnetic valve (1) and a first temperature sensor (8), the first electromagnetic valve (1) is used for controlling the flow of inlet pipeline water, and the first temperature sensor (8) is used for detecting the temperature of the inlet pipeline water; a water outlet of the water tank (2) is connected with a pipe section II (9) and a PVT assembly (4), the tail end of the pipe section II (9) is connected with a left water inlet of the PVT assembly (4), and the second electromagnetic valve (9) is used for controlling the flow of water in the pipe section II; the water outlet II of the water tank (2) is connected with a pipe section I I, a centrifugal pump II (7) and a PVT assembly (4) are sequentially connected onto the pipe section I I, the centrifugal pump II (7) is connected to one end, close to the water tank (2), of the pipe section I I, and the other end of the pipe section I I is connected with a water outlet on the left side of the PVT assembly (4); the bottom of the water tank (2) is connected with a pipe section IV, the pipe section IV is sequentially connected with a heat meter (11), a temperature sensor II (10), a solenoid valve IV (20), a heater (3), a temperature sensor III (12), a solenoid valve V (21), a centrifugal pump II (5) and a hot water user (6), the heat meter (11), the temperature sensor II (10) and the solenoid valve IV (20) are installed at the end close to the water tank, the heat meter (11) monitors the heat absorption capacity of the PVT component (4), the temperature sensor II (10) monitors the temperature of water in the pipe section IV, the heater (3) serves as an auxiliary heat source to heat the water in the pipe section IV, and the centrifugal pump II (5) is used for pressurizing a user side pipeline; in addition, a temperature sensor four (18) and an irradiance sensor (19) are mounted on the PVT component (4).
The invention adopts a PVT assembly (4) as shown in figure 2, wherein the PVT assembly (4) consists of a left-side reflux device (41), a photovoltaic silicon plate (42), a right-side reflux device (43), a support (44) and a finned heat exchanger (45); the lower end face of the finned heat exchanger (45) is installed on the upper end face of the support (44), the lower end face of the photovoltaic silicon plate (42) is fixed on the upper end face of the support (44) through heat-conducting silica gel, and the left side reflux device (41) and the right side reflux device (43) are respectively welded and fixed on the left end face and the right end face of the finned heat exchanger (45); a channel is formed by communication among the left-side reflux device (41), the fin heat exchanger (45) and the right-side reflux device (43), and particularly water is enabled to flow in an S' shape in the fin heat exchanger (45) by means of the partition plate structures of the left-side reflux device (41) and the right-side reflux device (43), so that the contact time of the water and fins is prolonged.
As shown in FIG. 5, a liquid level meter is installed in the water tank (2) and used for judging whether the liquid level of the water tank (2) is in a safe range h or not 1 -h 2 (20% H-80% H), if the water level is lower than H 1 Opening the first electromagnetic valve (1) to supply water to the water tank (2), and if the water tank is in a safe range h 1 -h 2 Stopping water supplement within 20-80% H; the second temperature sensor (10) is used for judging whether the temperature in the pipe section V is 35-40 ℃, if the water temperature is 35-40 ℃, the hot water is directly supplied to the room, and if the water temperature is lower than 35 ℃, the heater (3) is started to maintain the water temperature to be 35-40 ℃ and supply the water to indoor users; an irradiance sensor (19) is mounted on the PVT assembly (4) for determining whether the outside irradiance is greater than 300W/m 2 If it is larger than 300W/m 2 Checking whether the liquid level in the water tank (2) is in a safety range h 1 -h 2 (20% H-80% H), if the water level is lower than H 1 Opening the electromagnetic valve (1) to supply water to the water tank (2), if the water is in a safe range h 1 -h 2 Stopping water supplement within 20-80% H; a fourth temperature sensor (18) is arranged on the PVT component (4), and the fourth temperature sensor (18) judges whether the external environment temperature is lower than 3 ℃ or not, if so, the temperature is measuredAnd if the temperature is lower than 3 ℃, closing the second electromagnetic valve (9) and the first centrifugal pump (7), and opening the third electromagnetic valve (13) to drain the water by the PVT component (4).
The medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device works according to the following principle: in the daytime, in the process of starting heat storage power generation, firstly, whether the water level of a water tank (2) is H1-H2 (20% H-80% H) or not is checked, if not, a first electromagnetic valve (1) is started to replenish water to the water tank (2), then a fourth temperature sensor (18) feeds back that the external temperature is higher than 3 ℃ and an irradiance sensor (19) feeds back that the external irradiance is higher than 300W/m2, and devices of a second centrifugal pump (7) and a second electromagnetic valve (9) are started to store heat and generate power; in the hot water supply process, the fourth electromagnetic valve (20), the fifth electromagnetic valve (21) and the first centrifugal pump (5) are opened, hot water is supplied to the pipeline IV from the water tank (2), and if the temperature fed back by the third temperature sensor (12) is lower than 35 ℃, the heater (3) is opened for heat supplement; and closing the second electromagnetic valve (9) and the second centrifugal pump (7) in the closing process of the device at night, and opening the third electromagnetic valve (13) to empty water in the PVT component (4) if the external temperature fed back by the fourth temperature sensor (18) is less than 3 ℃.
By adopting the medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device, on one hand, continuous electricity generation and heat generation of a PVT system can be realized without adding other equipment, and the flowing contact time of water in the PVT assembly (4) can be prolonged by the left reflux device (41) and the right reflux device (41); on the other hand, the fins in the fin heat exchanger (45) increase the heat exchange area between the assembly and water.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, principal features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the above embodiments and the description, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a well low temperature solar photovoltaic light and heat PVT device, includes water tank (2), heater (3), PVT subassembly (4), centrifugal pump (5), inverter (16), battery (17), its characterized in that: the water inlet of the water tank (2) is connected with a pipe section I, the pipe section I is sequentially connected with a first electromagnetic valve (1) and a first temperature sensor (8), the water outlet of the water tank (2) is connected with a pipe section III, the pipe section III is connected with a second electromagnetic valve (9) and a PVT assembly (4), the tail end of the pipe section III is connected with the left water inlet of the PVT assembly (4), the water outlet of the water tank (2) is connected with a pipe section II, the pipe section II is sequentially connected with a second centrifugal pump (7) and the PVT assembly (4), one end of the pipe section II, which is close to the water tank (2), is connected with a second centrifugal pump (7), the other end of the pipe section II is connected with the left water outlet of the PVT assembly (4), the bottom of the water tank (2) is connected with a pipe section IV, the pipe section IV is sequentially connected with a calorimeter (11), a second temperature sensor (10), a fourth electromagnetic valve (20), a heater (3), a third temperature sensor (12), a fifth electromagnetic valve (21), a second centrifugal pump (5) and a hot water user (6), the heat meter (11), the temperature sensor II (10) and the electromagnetic valve IV (20) are arranged at the end close to the water tank.
2. The medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device according to claim 1, wherein the PVT assembly (4) is composed of a left-side reflux device (41), a photovoltaic silicon plate (42), a right-side reflux device (43), a support (44) and a finned heat exchanger (45); the lower end face of the finned heat exchanger (45) is installed on the upper end face of a support (44), the lower end face of a photovoltaic silicon plate (42) is fixed on the upper end face of the support (44) through heat-conducting silica gel, and a left side reflux device (41) and a right side reflux device (43) are welded and fixed on the left end face and the right end face of the finned heat exchanger (45) respectively.
3. The medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the left side reflux device (41), the finned heat exchanger (45) and the right side reflux device (43) are communicated with each other to form a channel.
4. The medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device as claimed in claim 3, wherein a diversion clapboard is arranged between the left side reflux device (41) and the right side reflux device, and the working medium enters from the left side reflux device (41) and flows in the finned heat exchanger (44) through the diversion clapboard in an S-shaped flow direction.
5. According toThe medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photothermal PVT device according to claim 4, wherein said PVT module (4) is installed with a temperature sensor IV (18) and an irradiance sensor (19), and the irradiance sensor (19) is installed on the PVT module (4) for determining whether the external irradiance is larger than 300W/m 2 If it is larger than 300W/m 2 Checking whether the liquid level in the water tank (2) is in a safety range h 1 -h 2 (20% H-80% H), if the water level is lower than H 1 Opening the electromagnetic valve (1) to supply water to the water tank (2), if the water is in a safe range h 1 -h 2 Stopping water supplement within 20-80% H;
and a fourth temperature sensor (18) is arranged on the PVT assembly (4), the fourth temperature sensor (18) judges whether the external environment temperature is lower than 3 ℃, if the external environment temperature is lower than 3 ℃, the second electromagnetic valve (9) and the first centrifugal pump (7) are closed, and the third electromagnetic valve (13) is opened to drain the PVT assembly (4).
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CN202210494304.2A CN114978032A (en) | 2022-05-07 | 2022-05-07 | Medium-low temperature solar photovoltaic photo-thermal PVT device |
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