CN217797807U

CN217797807U - Full-closed-loop laser cleaning processing head suitable for various parts

Info

Publication number: CN217797807U
Application number: CN202221172456.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 潘哲豪; 曹宇; 朱小伟; 孙兵涛; 况威权; 陈洁
Original assignee: Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics Intelligent Manufacturing of Wenzhou University
Current assignee: Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics Intelligent Manufacturing of Wenzhou University
Priority date: 2022-05-16
Filing date: 2022-05-16
Publication date: 2022-11-15
Anticipated expiration: 2032-05-16

Abstract

The utility model provides a full cut-off ring laser cleaning processing head suitable for multiple class spare part, including processing head casing, industry camera, speculum seat, protection air knife, color camera, field lens, light source, the induced breakdown spectrum appearance of laser, three-dimensional scanner, scanning galvanometer, galvanometer fixing base, laser beam input interface fixing base, flange and control circuit that shakes. Full cut-off ring laser cleaning processing head suitable for multiple class spare part gather the surface image after the washing in real time at the colored camera of laser cleaning in-process accessible to call laser induction and puncture the spectrum appearance and carry out qualitative, quantitative analysis to the filth element, thereby judge more accurately whether the filth washs completely, solved the surface and not washed completely or harm substrate scheduling problem. Meanwhile, the full closed-loop laser cleaning processing head can be connected with various numerical control processing devices, so that the applicability and application scenes of the processing head are improved.

Description

Full-closed-loop laser cleaning processing head suitable for various parts

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the laser beam machining field, concretely relates to full cut-off ring laser cleaning processing head suitable for multiple class spare part.

Background

The laser cleaning method utilizes the characteristics of high laser energy density, good controllability of beam direction and strong focusing capacity of facula to destroy the binding force between dirt irradiated by laser and the surface of a substrate, reduce the binding strength between the dirt and the surface of the substrate, and separate the dirt such as oil stain, rust spot, paint, plating layer and the like from the surface of the substrate, thereby finally achieving the purpose of cleaning the surface. Compared with the traditional modes of mechanical cleaning, chemical reagent cleaning and the like, the laser cleaning has the characteristics of no pollution, no contact, good reliability, suitability for surfaces of various materials and the like, and has wide development space in the industrial fields of aerospace, automobile manufacturing, navigation ships and the like.

In the prior art, most laser cleaning processing heads are handheld processing heads, the whole operation flow completely depends on manual judgment of operators (whether the surface of a workpiece is in a reasonable focusing range, whether the processing head is vertical to the surface of the workpiece, and whether the surface is clean), so that the physical consumption is large, the processing precision is poor, the cleaning efficiency is low, and the laser cleaning device is only suitable for laser cleaning of parts with small sizes and simple structures. In addition, the laser cleaning processing head with a detection system is also provided, the detection system is arranged in the processing head, and an image detection device is used for collecting the laser cleaning surface image to judge and evaluate the cleaning quality. For some parts with high surface precision requirements, it is difficult to determine the cleaning threshold value from the surface image alone, and the problem of damaging the substrate due to unclean surface or excessive cleaning occurs. Meanwhile, the laser processing head has a single function, and in practical engineering application, the whole set of laser cleaning operation can be completed only by connecting other detection and detection instruments externally, so that the operation process is complicated and the efficiency is low.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses to above-mentioned prior art not enough, provide a full cut-off ring laser cleaning processing head suitable for multiple class spare part, solved workpiece surface cleaning quality precision problem, promoted laser cleaning efficiency simultaneously.

The utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:

a full closed-loop laser cleaning machining head suitable for various parts comprises a machining head shell, an industrial camera, a reflector base, a protective air knife, a color camera, a field lens, a light source, a laser induced breakdown spectrometer, a three-dimensional scanner, a scanning galvanometer, a galvanometer fixing base, a laser beam input interface fixing base, a connecting flange and a control circuit, wherein the industrial camera is arranged on the machining head shell;

the machining head shell is a box-shaped cavity shell; the connecting flange is arranged outside one side surface of the processing head shell and is used for being connected with various numerical control processing devices; the reflecting mirror seat is of a box-shaped cavity shell structure arranged outside one side surface with a through hole of the machining head shell, and three side surfaces of the box-shaped cavity shell of the reflecting mirror seat are respectively and fixedly connected with the industrial camera, the laser beam input interface fixing seat and the machining head shell; the reflection mirror seat is internally provided with a 45-degree coated optical lens, the coated optical lens enables the processing laser beam input through the laser beam input interface fixing seat to be totally reflected and enter the cavity of the processing head shell, and enables other wavelength range light beams except the processing laser beam to be transmitted and enter the industrial camera;

the galvanometer fixing seat is of a pipeline structure with openings at two ends and is connected between the reflecting mirror seat and the scanning galvanometer; the processing laser beam transmitted and entered through the laser beam input interface fixing seat is reflected by the 45-degree coated optical lens in the reflector seat, then enters the scanning galvanometer through the galvanometer fixing seat, is output through the scanning galvanometer, then enters the field lens, and is focused on the surface of a workpiece after being output through the field lens;

the color camera is arranged on the processing head shell, and a camera acquisition lens of the color camera faces the surface of the workpiece and is used for acquiring surface images after each cleaning; the light source is arranged outside the processing head shell on the same side as the color camera and used for assisting in illuminating the surface area of the workpiece processed by the processing laser beam in scanning; the laser induced breakdown spectrometer is arranged on the processing head shell, and a spectrum acquisition lens of the laser induced breakdown spectrometer faces the surface of the workpiece and is used for paraxial acquisition of a plasma spectrum generated by irradiating the surface of the workpiece with a processing laser beam; the three-dimensional scanner is arranged on the processing head shell and used for scanning, reconstructing and modeling a three-dimensional model of a workpiece to be cleaned before cleaning operation.

Full cut-off ring laser cleaning processing head suitable for multiple class spare part gather the surface image after the washing in real time at the colored camera of laser cleaning in-process accessible to call laser induction and puncture the spectrum appearance and carry out qualitative, quantitative analysis to the filth element, thereby judge more accurately whether the filth washs completely, solved the surface and not washed completely or harm substrate scheduling problem. Meanwhile, the full-closed-loop laser cleaning processing head can be connected with various numerical control processing devices, so that the applicability and application scenes of the processing head are increased.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is the whole appearance of the full-closed ring laser cleaning processing head of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the full-closed-loop laser cleaning processing head of the present invention.

Fig. 3 the utility model discloses a closed loop laser cleaning processing head stereogram.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the utility model provides a full cut-off ring laser cleaning processing head suitable for multiple class spare part, including processing head casing, industry camera 1, speculum seat 2, protection air knife 3, color camera 4, field lens 5, light source 6, laser induction puncture spectrum appearance 7, three-dimensional scanner 8, scanning galvanometer 9, galvanometer fixing base 10, laser beam input interface fixing base 11, flange 12 and control circuit.

The processing head shell is a box-shaped cavity shell, and the shell is provided with a mounting thread hole site for mounting and fixing internal optical, mechanical and electronic components.

The connecting flange 12 is arranged outside one side face of the machining head shell and used for being connected with various numerical control machining devices, and therefore the applicability and application scenes of the machining head are improved. Preferably, the machining head is mounted on a 6-degree-of-freedom robot, and surface cleaning of a workpiece such as a large-width curved surface can be achieved.

The reflecting mirror seat 2 is of a box-shaped cavity shell structure arranged outside one side surface with a through hole of the machining head shell, and three side surfaces of the box-shaped cavity shell of the reflecting mirror seat 2 are provided with through holes and are respectively and fixedly connected with the industrial camera 1, the laser beam input interface fixing seat 11 and the machining head shell through hole; the reflector base 2 is provided with a 45-degree coated optical lens, which enables the processing laser beam input through the laser beam input interface fixing base 11 to be totally reflected and enter the cavity of the processing head shell, and enables the other wavelength range light beams except the processing laser beam to be transmitted and enter the industrial camera 1.

The galvanometer fixing seat 10 is of a pipeline structure with openings at two ends and is connected between the reflector seat 2 and the scanning galvanometer 9; the processing laser beam transmitted and entered through the laser beam input interface fixing seat 11 is reflected by the 45-degree coated optical lens in the reflector seat 2, then enters the scanning galvanometer 9 through the galvanometer fixing seat 10, is output through the scanning galvanometer 9, then enters the field lens 5, and is focused on the surface of a workpiece after being output through the field lens 5; the surface of the workpiece is cleaned through the scanning processing action of the scanning galvanometer 9; meanwhile, according to the principle that the light path is reversible, imaging light of the workpiece surface area focused by the processing laser beam enters the industrial camera 1 after sequentially passing through the field lens 5, the scanning galvanometer 9, the galvanometer fixing seat 10 and the reflector seat 2 and is imaged in the industrial camera 1, namely the industrial camera 1 can observe the workpiece surface area image scanned and processed by the processing laser beam in real time, and the industrial camera 1 can be colored or black and white. Therefore, the industrial camera 1 collects the light entering from the field lens 5 to complete the calibration and positioning work before the workpiece is machined.

Preferably, the mirror base 2 is equipped with a cooling device to ensure that the mirror is not affected by long-term processing heat accumulation.

The field lens 5 is arranged on the scanning galvanometer 9, so that laser beams form focusing light spots with uniform sizes in the whole processing plane.

Protection air knife 3 is installed on the processing head casing, and the air knife air outlet is the prolate form, and length covers field lens 5 completely for in the course of working, the protective gas that is blown out by protection air knife 3 blows to the lens surface of field lens 5 bottom from the side, and the filth splash, the dust etc. of avoiding producing are attached to field lens 5, thereby realize effectual guard action.

The color camera 4 is arranged on the processing head shell, the camera acquisition lens of the color camera faces the surface of the workpiece and is responsible for acquiring surface images after cleaning each time, graying the substrate and surface dirt images and comparing the gray values of the images for judging the surface cleanliness. A light source 6 is arranged outside the machining head housing on the same side as the color camera 4 for assisting in illuminating the area of the workpiece surface which is scanned by the machining laser beam.

Preferably, the field lens 5 can be installed by adopting an external structure, is convenient to disassemble and replace, and can be replaced by a field lens with a proper focal length and a scanning breadth according to the actual cleaning process requirement.

The laser induced breakdown spectrometer 7 (LIBS spectrometer) is arranged on the processing head shell, and the spectrum collection lens of the LIBS spectrometer faces the surface of a workpiece and is responsible for collecting plasma spectrum generated when the processing laser beam irradiates the surface of the workpiece by a paraxial region, so that the element components and the content of an ablation product generated when the processing laser beam irradiates the surface region of the workpiece are detected in real time, whether paint or a rust layer on the surface region of the workpiece is cleaned or not is judged, and the surface cleaning precision is further ensured.

The three-dimensional scanner 8 is mounted on the processing head shell and is responsible for scanning, reconstructing and modeling a three-dimensional model of the whole workpiece to be cleaned before cleaning operation.

Laser cleaning processing head when wasing the operation, will wait to wash the work piece and fix on processing platform, light source 6 provides the work piece surface illumination, work piece surface image is caught to industrial camera 1, mark the location to the work piece position, three-dimensional scanner 8 carries out three-dimensional scanning to the work piece and rebuilds three-dimensional model data transmission for control software (various special-shaped curved surface parts also can carry out the model through three-dimensional scanning and construct), according to the cleaning process requirement, set for relevant washing process parameter (scanning speed, cleaning power, wash and add the volume etc.), the calculation plans out laser scanning technology route, scanning galvanometer 9 carries out work piece surface cleaning processing according to the technology route. Meanwhile, the color camera 4 collects the cleaned surface image in real time, the cleaned surface gray value is compared with the gray value of the base material, if the gray values of the two are close to the threshold value, the surface is judged to be cleaned, and the processing head finishes the cleaning task. When the requirement on the surface precision of the workpiece is high, and the gray value contrast resolution of the color camera reaches the upper limit, the laser-induced breakdown spectrometer 7 is called to perform qualitative and quantitative analysis on the dirt elements, so that whether the dirt is completely cleaned or not is judged more accurately.

The invention may be modified in many ways which will be obvious to a person skilled in the art, and such modifications are not to be considered as a departure from the scope of the invention. All such modifications as would be obvious to one skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of this claim.

Claims

1. The full-closed-loop laser cleaning machining head is suitable for various parts and components and is characterized by comprising a machining head shell, an industrial camera (1), a reflector seat (2), a protective air knife (3), a color camera (4), a field lens (5), a light source (6), a laser induced breakdown spectrometer (7), a three-dimensional scanner (8), a scanning galvanometer (9), a galvanometer fixing seat (10), a laser beam input interface fixing seat (11), a connecting flange (12) and a control circuit;

the machining head shell is a box-shaped cavity shell; the connecting flange (12) is arranged outside one side surface of the processing head shell and is used for being connected with various numerical control processing equipment; the reflecting mirror seat (2) is of a box-type cavity shell structure arranged outside one side surface with a through hole of the machining head shell, and three side surfaces of the box-type cavity shell of the reflecting mirror seat (2) are fixedly connected with the industrial camera (1), the laser beam input interface fixing seat (11) and the machining head shell respectively; the reflection mirror seat (2) is internally provided with a 45-degree coated optical lens, the coated optical lens enables a processing laser beam input through the laser beam input interface fixing seat (11) to be subjected to total reflection and enter the cavity of a processing head shell, and enables other wavelength range light beams except the processing laser beam to be transmitted and enter the industrial camera (1);

the galvanometer fixing seat (10) is of a pipeline structure with openings at two ends and is connected between the reflecting mirror seat (2) and the scanning galvanometer (9); the processing laser beam transmitted and entered through the laser beam input interface fixing seat (11) is reflected by the 45-degree coated optical lens in the reflector seat (2), then enters the scanning galvanometer (9) after passing through the galvanometer fixing seat (10), is output through the scanning galvanometer (9), then enters the field lens (5), and is focused on the surface of a workpiece after being output through the field lens (5);

the color camera (4) is arranged on the processing head shell, and a camera acquisition lens of the color camera faces the surface of the workpiece and is used for acquiring surface images after each cleaning; the light source (6) is arranged outside the processing head shell on the same side as the color camera (4) and is used for assisting in illuminating the surface area of the workpiece processed by the processing laser beam in a scanning mode; the laser induced breakdown spectrometer (7) is arranged on the processing head shell, and a spectrum acquisition lens of the laser induced breakdown spectrometer faces the surface of a workpiece and is used for paraxial acquisition of a plasma spectrum generated by irradiating the surface of the workpiece with a processing laser beam; and the three-dimensional scanner (8) is arranged on the processing head shell and is used for scanning, reconstructing and modeling a three-dimensional model of a workpiece to be cleaned before cleaning operation.

2. Fully closed loop laser cleaning head for several types of parts according to claim 1, characterized in that the mirror bed (2) is equipped with cooling means.

3. The full closed-loop laser cleaning head for various types of parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the protective air knife (3) is mounted on the head housing, and the air knife outlet is oblong and has a length completely covering the field lens (5), so that the protective air blown by the protective air knife (3) during the machining process is blown laterally to the lens surface at the bottom of the field lens (5).

4. The full closed-loop laser cleaning processing head suitable for various parts and components according to claim 1, characterized in that the field lens (5) is installed in an external structure.