CN217629681U - Natural form structure of deep pool and shoal of straight river channel - Google Patents
Natural form structure of deep pool and shoal of straight river channel Download PDFInfo
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- CN217629681U CN217629681U CN202220747530.2U CN202220747530U CN217629681U CN 217629681 U CN217629681 U CN 217629681U CN 202220747530 U CN202220747530 U CN 202220747530U CN 217629681 U CN217629681 U CN 217629681U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a natural form structure of a deep pool and a shoal of a straight riverway, which comprises a plurality of shoal areas, an oval deep pool area and a pebble piling belt area, wherein the shoal areas are arranged on two sides of the riverway in a left-right alternating manner; the shoal area comprises an aquatic plant planting area along the inner side of the river channel, a sludge desilting area on the outer side, a wood pile area arranged along the downstream edge of the aquatic plant planting area, and a block stone stacking area which is positioned at the upstream of the wood pile area and is connected with the wood pile area, wherein the block stone stacking area is connected with one side of the sludge desilting area. The utility model discloses a naturalization form structure adopts the cross section to mould the form, can produce multiple complicated rivers conditions such as torrent, unhurried current, forms river water nature deep pool and erodees and shoal siltation effect, has improved the persistence of deep pool, shoal section form, and can increase the wriggling nature in cistron river course to a certain extent.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the nearly natural ecological remediation in river course, especially, relate to a direct river course deep pool shoal naturalization form structure.
Background
The rapid urbanization process and the rapid development of economic society in China mainly include river channel straightening modification, section shape regularization and bank slope protection engineering, and river channel renovation and embankment engineering cause the problems of reduction of urban river channel space heterogeneity, prominent channelized rigidity, reduction of ecological diversity and the like. The heterogeneity of the natural river space is high, mainly reflected in the variability and complexity of the landform and hydraulic conditions, and the meandering of the river channel form and the alternate shallow and deep pools of the vertical section are one of the important characteristics.
The river course alternately exists in a deep pool and a shoal, so that various water flow conditions such as rapid flow, slow flow and the like can be generated, and natural oxygen enrichment, biological diversity improvement, aquatic animal inhabitation and river course water self-purification of the water body are facilitated. Therefore, on the premise of eliminating black and odorous substances and ensuring stable improvement of water quality of a water body, the construction of the urban healthy natural river channel which meets the beautiful and visible external feelings of nature smoothness, clear water, green shore, biodiversity and landscape coordination of people and achieves the internal requirements of safety, reliability, humanistic display, benefiting living people and happiness is a research focus in the future.
In the prior art, the removal of the revetment of the channelized straight river channel is suggested to be changed into natural ecological revetment, but the urban space, the capital and the time are difficult to meet. It is suggested that earth balance is simply carried out, excavation and rock block piling are directly carried out, but because hydraulic conditions are not allowed for a long time, a deep pool is filled by silt sediments, and a shoal structure is collapsed. The patent with publication number CN111996984a discloses a flood prevention device with flood traveling and flood prevention and a construction method of a deep pool shoal, which need to be provided with multiple baffles and embedded parts and have the problem of management and scheduling. The patent with publication number CN103774608B discloses a city river channel dredging and shoal-deep pool rebuilding combined method, bottom mud is conveyed into a stirrer to suck deep pools, and is conveyed to a shoal through a mud conveying groove, the structure is unnatural, the management is complex, and power is additionally needed.
The near-natural river restoration concept of China is still in the starting stage, and the near-natural optimization of urban river needs to be shifted from the original engineering construction thinking of nature transformation to the ecological management thinking of respecting nature and conforming to nature urgently. Based on the above related patent technology to the direct river course deep pool, the nearly nature of shoal is found the not enough of aspect existence such as, the utility model researches a direct river course deep pool shoal naturalization form structure and construction method.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Utility model purpose: the utility model aims at providing a natural form structure of a deep pool and a shoal of a straightforward river channel, which can generate complex water flow conditions such as rapid flow, slow flow and the like and form the effects of natural deep pool scouring of river water and shoal siltation;
a second object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing the above-mentioned form construction.
The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model discloses a cisoid river way deep pool shoal naturalization form structure, this structure include about a plurality of alternative settings in the shoal district 1 of river course upright retaining wall both sides and lie in about oval deep pool district 2 between shoal district 1, oval deep pool district 2 major axis and minor axis size ratio is 3:2-3:1;
the shoal zone 1 comprises an aquatic plant planting zone 3 at the front section in the water flow direction, a sludge desilting zone 4 at the rear section, a wood pile zone 5 arranged along the edge of the aquatic plant planting zone 3 and a rock block stacking zone 6 positioned at the upstream of the wood pile zone 5 and connected with the wood pile zone, wherein the rock block stacking zone 6 is connected with one side of the sludge desilting zone 4; the structure also comprises a pebble piling zone 7 which is positioned at the upstream of the deep pool area 2 and is piled up perpendicular to the water flow direction, and the two ends of the pebble piling zone 7 are respectively jointed with the riverway upright retaining wall and the block stone piling area 6.
Furthermore, the distance between two shoal areas or deep pool areas adjacent to the same bank is 1.5 to 3 times of the river width.
Furthermore, the excavation area of the elliptical deep pool area 2 is 15-40m 2 The long axis is 5-8m long and is arranged in parallel to the flow direction of the river channel and the arrangement direction of the wood pile area 5; the short shaft length is 3-5m, and the short shaft length is perpendicular to the river flow direction and the arrangement direction of the wood pile areas 5.
Furthermore, the elevation of the shallow beach area exceeds the elevation of the river channel bottom by more than 0.5m, and the elevation of the deep pool area is lower than the elevation of the river channel bottom by more than 0.5m.
Furthermore, the wood pile area and the block stone stacking area form a gentle slope type shape, the wood pile area is arranged in an inward arc shape, the block stone stacking area is arranged in an outward arc shape and extends to the center of the river channel, and the distance between the top end of the upstream of the block stone stacking area and the center line of the river channel is 2-5m.
Furthermore, the width of the section of the wood pile area along the river channel is 2-5m, the length of the pile is 4-6m, the wood pile area is driven to be 2-4m below the mud surface, and the top of the wood pile is 0.1-0.3m lower than the normal water level elevation of the river channel.
Furthermore, the mound height of the aquatic plant planting area is 0.1-0.2m lower than the top of the wooden pile, and the water depth is 0.2-0.5m.
Furthermore, the stacking height of the rock block stacking area is gradually increased along the water flow direction and is finally equal to the stacking height of the aquatic plant planting area.
Furthermore, the interior of the block stone stacking area is filled with stacking soil at the beginning, the height of the stacking soil is in a gentle slope mode, and the slope is 1.
Furthermore, the distance between the pebble piling zone and the upper arc line of the deep pool zone is 1-2m, the particle diameter of the pebbles is 200-500mm, and the piling height is 0.3-0.5m.
Has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a show the advantage and do: firstly, the naturalization form structure of the deep pool and the shoal of the straight river channel adopts a cross section modeling form, so that various complex water flow conditions such as rapid flow, slow flow and the like can be generated, the natural deep pool scouring and shoal silting effects of a river water body are formed, the durability of the section forms of the deep pool and the shoal is improved, and the wriggling property of the straight river channel can be increased to a certain extent;
wherein the cross section area of the constructed deep pool area is reduced by 10-30%, the corresponding flow velocity is increased by 10-30%, and the hydraulic state of the narrow beam local scouring is presented. The constructed shoal area is built by piling up wooden piles and slope-relieving type block stones, the cross section of the tail end is wide, the flow velocity is reduced, a silt settling and siltation area is naturally formed, the construction of the deep pool area and the shoal siltation area can become rest places for aquatic organisms such as fishes, and the rest places can become refuge places in the flood season, so that the biological diversity is improved; and the piling elevation of the wood piles and the gentle slope type block stones is lower than the normal water level, the flood section is less influenced in the flood season, and the flood requirement can be met. The built pebble piling zone is piled up in the direction perpendicular to the water flow direction, so that natural oxygen enrichment of a water body is facilitated, and the hydraulic condition of a deep pool area is improved. The constructed aquatic plant growing area adopts emergent aquatic plants such as canna, cattail, floral leaf arundo donax, allium fistulosum and the like which have strong adsorption and removal capacity on organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus and good landscape effect, and can improve the ecological environment of the river and the self-purification capacity of the water body.
In addition, the construction method of the utility model adopts a mode of combining artificial guidance and natural recovery to reform deep grooves and shallow beach areas in the straight riverway so as to gradually improve the naturalization of the riverway, thus being beneficial to natural oxygen enrichment of water, improvement of biological diversity, inhabitation of aquatic animals, ecology of riverway bank slopes and self-purification and lifting of water; the retaining wall is suitable for upright retaining walls and urban rivers with poor plane form sinuous property and difficult mudflat and green land reconstruction space at the periphery of the retaining wall.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the natural form structure of the deep pool and shoal of the straight river channel of the present invention;
FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken along plane A-A of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along plane B-B of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses a form structure naturalize is in cistron river deep pool and shoal includes that a plurality of left and right sides alternate interval locates the shoal district 1 of the retaining wall both sides of river course standing upright, is located the deep pool district 2 between the shoal district 1 of being separated by about, and is located deep pool district 2 upper reaches, links up the cobble heap area 7 of shoal district 1 and river course standing upright retaining wall one side. Two shoal areas or deep pool areas adjacent to the same bank have a distance of 1.5-3 times of the river width, can be constructed in a large scale continuously, or can be constructed locally according to construction space and conditions.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the shoal area 1 includes a timber pile area 5 arranged along the front section of the river course, and the timber pile area 5 may be in the form of a pine pile or a wood-like pile. The length of the wood pile is 4-6m, the wood pile is driven into the position 2-4m below the mud surface, the top of the wood pile is 0.1-0.3m lower than the normal water level elevation of the river channel to form an inward arc, and the width of the cross section along the river channel is 2-5m. And an aquatic plant planting area 3 with high mound and shallow water depth is arranged in the timber pile area 5 along the inner side of the riverway upright retaining wall. The mound height in the aquatic plant planting area 3 is 0.1-0.2m lower than the top of the wooden stake, the water depth is 0.2-0.5m, and the planted aquatic plants adopt emergent aquatic plants such as canna, cattail, floral leaf arundo donax and the like which have strong adsorption and removal capacity on organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus and good landscape effect.
The timber pile area 5 is positioned at the rear section of the shoal area 1 along the flow direction of the river, the upstream is connected with a rock block stacking area 6, and the size of the rock block is 30 multiplied by 30cm-40 multiplied by 60cm. The stacking height of the block stone stacking area 6 is gradually increased along the water flow direction and is finally equal to the filling height of the aquatic plant planting area 3 in the wood pile area 5. The interior of the block stone piling area 6 can be filled with piled soil at the beginning, the height of the piled soil is in a gentle slope mode, the slope is 1-1:3, and the block stone piling area is used as a back-silting area 4 at the later stage and can accommodate the sedimentation of water flow impact silt. The block stone stacking area 6 is in an outward arc shape, extends to the center of a river and is 5-8m away from the vertical retaining wall, and the farthest position is 2-5m away from the center line of the river.
The deep pool area 2 is an elliptical deep groove and is formed by engineering excavation between the shoal areas 1 alternately arranged on the left and right banks, and the excavation area is 15-40m 2 And the dimension ratio of the long axis to the short axis of the elliptical deep pool area is controlled to be 3:2-3:1. The long axis length of the elliptic deep pool area is 5-10m, the long axis length is parallel to the arrangement direction of the river water flow and the wood pile area 5 of the shoal area 1, the short axis length is 3-5m, and the short axis length is perpendicular to the water flow direction and the arrangement direction of the wood pile area 5 of the shoal area 1.
The pebble stacking zone 7 is stacked perpendicular to the water flow direction, is positioned at the upstream close to the deep pool area 2, is 1-2m away from the upper arc line of the deep pool area 2, has a pebble particle size of 200-500mm and a stacking height of 0.3-0.5m, and is transversely connected with the river channel vertical retaining wall and the block stone stacking area 6 of the shallow beach area 1.
The utility model discloses the method of this cisoid river deep pool shoal naturalization form structure of founding, including following step:
step one, setting a shoal area 1 on a vertical retaining wall of a left river channel and a right river channel: firstly, arranging a timber pile area 5 along the front section of the flow direction of a river channel, arranging an aquatic plant planting area 3 in the timber pile area 5 along the vertical retaining wall of the river channel, and connecting the aquatic plant planting area with the timber pile area 5 to form a block stone stacking area 6 so as to form a sludge desilting area 4;
step two, setting a deep pool area 2: dig oval deep trouth in shoal area 1 that is located the river course retaining wall both sides upright and form deep pool district 2, carry out earthwork with the shoal district and balance, set up pebble heap area 7 in deep pool district 2 upper reaches simultaneously, the both ends of this pebble heap area 7 link up with river course retaining wall upright and block stone heap district 6 respectively.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a direct river course deep pool shoal naturalization form structure which characterized in that: the structure comprises a plurality of shoal areas (1) which are arranged on two sides of a riverway upright retaining wall in a left-right alternating mode and an elliptical deep pool area (2) which is arranged between the left shoal area and the right shoal area (1), wherein the size ratio of the long axis to the short axis of the elliptical deep pool area (2) is 3:2-3:1;
the shoal zone (1) comprises an aquatic plant planting zone (3) at the front section in the water flow direction, a sludge desilting zone (4) at the rear section, a wood pile zone (5) arranged along the edge of the aquatic plant planting zone (3) and a block stone stacking zone (6) positioned at the upstream of the wood pile zone (5) and connected with the wood pile zone, wherein the block stone stacking zone (6) is connected with one side of the sludge desilting zone (4); the structure also comprises a pebble piling belt area (7) which is positioned at the upstream of the deep pool area (2) and is piled up in a direction vertical to the water flow direction, and the two ends of the pebble piling belt area (7) are respectively connected with the riverway upright retaining wall and the block stone piling area (6).
2. The natural morphology structure of the straight river channel deep pool shoal as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the distance between two shoal areas or deep pool areas adjacent to the same bank is 1.5-3 times of the river width.
3. The natural morphology structure of the straight river channel deep pool shoal as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the excavating area of the elliptical deep pool area (2) is 15-40m 2 The long axis is 5-8m long and is arranged in parallel to the flow direction of the river channel and the arrangement direction of the wood pile areas (5); the short shaft length is 3-5m, and the short shaft length is perpendicular to the river flow direction and the arrangement direction of the wood pile areas (5).
4. The natural morphology structure of the straight river channel deep pool shoal as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the elevation of the shoal area (1) exceeds the elevation of the river channel bottom by more than 0.5m, and the elevation of the deep pool area (2) is lower than the elevation of the river channel bottom by more than 0.5m.
5. The natural morphology structure of the straight river channel deep pool shoal as claimed in claim 1, wherein: stake district (5) and rock block pile district (6) constitute gentle slope formula form, and stake district (5) become inside arc setting, and rock block pile district (6) are outside arc setting and stretch to the river course center, and the upper reaches top in rock block pile district (6) is apart from river course central line 2-5m.
6. The natural morphology structure of the straight river channel deep pool shoal as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the width of the wood pile area (5) along the cross section of the river channel is 2-5m, the pile length is 4-6m, the wood pile area is driven to be 2-4m below the mud surface, and the top of the wood pile is 0.1-0.3m lower than the normal water level elevation of the river channel.
7. The natural morphology structure of the straight river channel deep pool shoal as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the mound height of the aquatic plant planting area (3) is 0.1-0.2m lower than the top of the wooden pile, and the water depth is 0.2-0.5m.
8. The natural form structure of a deep pool and shallow pool of a straightforward river channel of claim 7, characterized in that: the stacking height of the rock block stacking area (6) is gradually increased along the water flow direction and is finally equal to the stacking height of the aquatic plant planting area (3).
9. The natural morphology structure of the straight river channel deep pool shoal as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rockfill piling region (6) is internally filled with piled soil at the beginning, the height of the piled soil is in a gentle slope mode, and the slope is 1-1:3.
10. The natural morphology structure of the straight river channel deep pool shoal as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the distance between the pebble stacking zone (7) and the upper arc line of the deep pool zone (2) is 1-2m, the pebble grain diameter is 200-500mm, and the stacking height is 0.3-0.5m.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114960534A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-08-30 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Natural form structure and construction method for deep pool and shoal of straight river channel |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114960534A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-08-30 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Natural form structure and construction method for deep pool and shoal of straight river channel |
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