CN217150095U - A silt diversion channel structure that is used for on moraine layer ground - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a silt-rich water diversion channel structure for a tillite foundation, which comprises a geomembrane arranged on an excavation surface of the foundation, a water permeable material layer arranged above the geomembrane, a channel lining arranged above the water permeable material layer, and a water drop arranged at the downstream of a channel, and a gradual change section of a sequential channel and the water drop. The method can isolate the water seepage of the channel and the moraine layer foundation, prevent the water seepage of the channel from infiltrating into the moraine layer and softening the moraine layer material to cause instability of the channel foundation, prevent frost heaving damage of the channel, ensure smooth operation of the channel and reduce engineering loss and safety risk.

Description

A silt diversion channel structure that is used for on moraine layer ground

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and particularly relates to a silt-rich water diversion channel structure for a tillite foundation.

Background

The channel and the drop water are used as very common hydraulic buildings and are widely applied to water diversion projects. The channel lining method is characterized in that a plurality of moraine layer foundations are built in regions such as Tibet, Sinkiang and the like in China, due to the water impermeability of the moraine layer, the seepage water of the channel can be converged to the bottom of the channel lining, the converged seepage water is subjected to freeze thawing alternation, the frost heaving damage of the channel lining can be caused, and the stability of the channel foundation can be changed due to the fact that the moraine layer material can be softened after being soaked for a long time in the seepage water, and the safety of the channel is influenced. Meanwhile, in the channels with silt, because a great amount of silt is carried in water flow, the concrete bottom plates of the channels are worn and washed after the engineering runs for a period of time, so that the safety of the whole engineering is influenced. Therefore, the selection of a silt-rich channel structure suitable for building the tillite foundation is of great importance for the normal operation of the whole project.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a silt-rich water diversion channel structure for a tillite foundation, and solves the problems of frost heaving resistance and abrasion and scouring resistance of the silt-rich water diversion channel built on the tillite foundation.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the silt-rich water diversion channel structure for the tillite foundation comprises a geomembrane arranged on an excavation surface of the foundation, a water permeable material layer arranged above the geomembrane, a channel lining arranged above the water permeable material layer, a drop arranged at the downstream of a channel, a sequential channel and a gradual change section of the drop.

Preferably, the permeable material layer with drop junction is provided with the drainage structures who is used for draining away the channel infiltration.

Preferably, drainage structures includes drain pipe and the anti package of straining in drain pipe the place ahead, the drain pipe set up in fall on water, anti package of straining includes that lower floor tamps clay layer, inside rubble layer, outside sand gravel layer and geotechnological cloth.

Preferably, the drainage pipes are arranged at intervals.

Preferably, a connection structure is arranged at the connection position of the geomembrane and the drop for fixing the geomembrane on the drop.

Preferably, the connecting structure comprises a grab bar, an expansion bolt, flat steel, channel steel and a chloroprene rubber gasket; grab the muscle with the band steel all is located inside the drop, the chloroprene rubber gasket sets up the geomembrane both sides, the channel-section steel set up in the chloroprene rubber gasket is outside, expansion bolts runs through the geomembrane, grab muscle, band steel, channel-section steel and chloroprene rubber gasket.

Preferably, the grab bar and the expansion bolt are arranged in a plurality at intervals.

Preferably, the canal lining comprises a canal soleplate lining and canal side slope linings arranged on two sides of the canal soleplate lining, wherein the canal side slope lining is a plain concrete lining, and the canal soleplate lining is a fine concrete pebble lining.

Preferably, the gradient of the geomembrane in the water flow direction is 1-2%.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

and paving a geomembrane on the excavation surface of the upstream channel, isolating the water seepage of the channel from the moraine layer foundation, and preventing the water seepage of the channel from permeating the moraine layer and softening the moraine layer material to cause the instability of the channel foundation. And a water permeable material layer is laid on the anti-seepage geomembrane of the channel and used for draining water seepage of the channel and preventing the channel from frost heaving damage. And (3) lining concrete on a channel slope on the upper part of the water permeable material layer of the channel, lining fine concrete on the bottom of the channel, protecting the channel from scouring damage and increasing the roughness of the channel, and simultaneously serving as a first-layer anti-seepage structure of the channel. A transition section is arranged downstream of the channel for connecting the channel with the drop-out building. And a water drop building is arranged at the downstream of the gradual change section and is used for intensively eliminating the channel drop. And water drainage holes are arranged on the falling walls of the falling structures and used for draining water seepage from the channels. The reverse filter bag is arranged in front of the wall-falling drain hole and used for preventing the drain pipe from being blocked and preventing soil body behind the wall from losing. And arranging a connecting structure at the joint of the geomembrane and the drop building for connecting the geomembrane and the drop building. The invention can ensure the smooth operation of the channel and reduce the engineering loss and the safety risk.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a drainage structure of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the lining comprises a channel bottom plate lining, 2 a channel side slope lining, 3 a permeable material layer, 4 a geomembrane, 5 a tillite layer stratum, 6 a tillite layer lower stratum, 7 a gradual change section, 8 a drop, 9 a drainage structure, 10 a connecting structure, 11 a stratum dividing line, 12 a geotextile, 13 an external gravel layer, 14 an internal gravel layer, 15 a lower tamped clay layer, 16 a drainage pipe, 17 a grab bar, 18 a stainless steel expansion bolt, 19 a stainless steel flat steel, 20 a stainless steel channel steel, 21 and a chloroprene rubber gasket.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more obvious, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, a stratum boundary line 11 is formed between the moraine layer stratum 5 and the moraine layer lower stratum 6, the geomembrane 4 is laid on a foundation excavation surface of the moraine layer stratum, a slope should be formed in the water flow direction in order to meet the requirement that the seepage water of a channel can be discharged to the downstream during laying, and meanwhile, the construction convenience is considered, the slope is consistent with the longitudinal slope of the channel, and the slope is 1% -2%. When the geomembrane is welded, the welding line is perpendicular to the water flow direction, and the upstream geomembrane is used for pressing the downstream geomembrane for welding. The impermeable geomembrane is mainly used for blocking water seepage of channels, and the thickness of the impermeable geomembrane is generally not less than 0.5 mm.

And the water permeable material layer 3 is arranged between the canal lining and the geomembrane, can be filled with materials which are easy to permeate water, such as sand gravel and the like, and has the thickness of 0.2-0.3 m, and has a certain compactness according to the engineering requirement, and the compactness is consistent with the compactness of the canal wall. The permeable material layer mainly provides a drainage channel for the water seepage of the channel, and the water seepage at the upper stream is drained to the lower stream and is drained away through a drainage hole, so that the channel is protected from frost heaving damage.

The canal lining comprises a canal bottom plate lining 1 and canal side slope linings 2 arranged on two sides of the canal bottom plate lining, as shown in figure 2, wherein the canal lining is arranged above the permeable material layer, the canal side slope lining can be made of plain concrete, the thickness of the canal side slope lining is usually 8-15 cm, the canal bottom plate lining is made of fine concrete pebbles, and the thickness of the canal bottom plate lining is generally 25-30 cm. According to factors such as engineering design service life, climate conditions of regions and chemical aggressiveness degree, the strength of the channel slope plain concrete is selected from C25-C45, the frost resistance grade of the concrete is selected from F50-F450, and the impermeability grade is selected from W6-W8. The channel bottom plate fine concrete cobble is constructed by selecting C25-C30 concrete according to weather conditions, controlling the particle size of concrete coarse aggregate to be 5-15 mm, controlling the particle size of used masonry cobbles to be not less than 15cm, laying 5-8 cm fine concrete on the bottom surface during construction, constructing the cobbles at the bottom of the canal, vertically constructing the long edges of the cobbles perpendicular to the bottom of the canal, preferably hooking concave seams by the cobbles, and setting the seam surface to be 1-2 cm lower than the stone surface. The concrete lining of the channel side slope can be used as a water-proof barrier of the channel slope and can protect the channel slope from being washed and damaged. The fine concrete cobble at the bottom of the canal can be used as a waterproof barrier at the bottom of the canal, and can protect the bottom of the canal from being scoured and damaged by abrasion because of good impact resistance and abrasion resistance, and meanwhile, compared with concrete lining, the coarse concrete cobble at the bottom of the canal has the advantages that the longitudinal slope of the canal can be properly increased under the condition of not influencing the flow rate, and the water seepage at the bottom of the canal can be favorably discharged to the downstream.

And the transition section 7 is positioned between the upstream channel and the drop and is used for connecting the channel and the drop in a sequential manner, so that water flows smoothly into the drop from the channel. The gradual change section can adopt forms such as twisted surface, splayed inclined wall, circular arc straight wall, and its length is usually 3 ~ 5 times of the channel depth of water of upper reaches.

And the drop 8 is arranged at the downstream of the gradual change section and generally comprises a drop wall, a control weir crest, a stilling pool, a downstream outlet connection rectification building section and the like. The main function is to intensively eliminate the water fall.

The drainage structure 9, as shown in fig. 3, comprises a drainage pipe 16 and a reverse filter bag, wherein the drainage pipe is arranged on a drop wall, PVC pipes with the diameter of 10cm are adopted, a plurality of drainage pipes are arranged at transverse intervals, and the interval is 0.5-1 m. The anti-filtration package is arranged in prevention of seepage geomembrane upper surface, the water inlet department of drain pipe, and the anti-filtration package is including lower floor's tamped clay layer 15, inside rubble layer 14, outside gravel layer 13 and outside geotechnological cloth 12, and the drain pipe communicates with inside rubble layer, and the drain pipe effect is for arranging the channel infiltration to drop absorption basin from the channel bottom, prevents that the channel bottom plate from taking place the frost heaving destruction, and the anti-filtration package effect is for preventing drain pipe jam and behind the wall soil body loss. The lower layer is tamped with the clay layer 15, the thickness is generally 20cm, the length and the width are more than or equal to 80cm, the compaction degree is more than or equal to 91%, the length and the width of the inner gravel layer 14 are generally 30cm, the average particle size of the gravel is 20mm, the thickness of the outer sand gravel layer 13 is generally 20cm, and the average particle size of the gravel is 2 mm.

The connecting structure 10, as shown in fig. 4, comprises grabbing bars 17, a plurality of stainless steel expansion bolts 18 and a plurality of stainless steel flat steels 19, stainless steel channel steels 20 and chloroprene rubber gaskets 21, wherein the grabbing bars 17 are arranged at intervals of 60-80 cm. Grab muscle and band steel and all be located the wall inside of falling, the chloroprene rubber gasket sets up in the geomembrane both sides, and the channel-section steel sets up in the chloroprene rubber gasket outsidely, and expansion bolts runs through the geomembrane, grabs muscle, band steel, channel-section steel and chloroprene rubber gasket. The connection structure is mainly used for fixing the geomembrane on the water fall. The diameter of the grabbing bar 17 is 10 mm-12 mm, the width of the stainless steel flat steel 19 is 15-20 cm, the thickness of the stainless steel flat steel is 1cm, and the thickness of the chloroprene rubber gasket 21 is 1 cm.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a silt diversion channel structure for on moraine layer ground, its characterized in that, including set up geomembrane on the ground excavation face, set up in the bed of material that permeates water of geomembrane top, set up in the channel lining of the bed of material top that permeates water, set up in the drop of channel low reaches and connect the channel with the gradual change section of drop.

2. The silt-rich water diversion channel structure for the tillite foundation according to claim 1, wherein a drainage structure for draining water seepage of the drainage channel is arranged at the joint of the water permeable material layer and the water fall.

3. The muddy water diversion channel structure for the tillite foundation as claimed in claim 2, wherein the drainage structure comprises a drainage pipe and an inverse filter bag in front of the drainage pipe, the drainage pipe is arranged on the falling water, and the inverse filter bag comprises a lower tamped clay layer, an inner gravel layer, an outer gravel layer and geotextile.

4. The silt-rich water diversion canal structure for the foundation of tillite layer as claimed in claim 3, wherein said drainage pipes are provided in plurality at intervals.

5. The silt-rich water diversion canal structure for the tillite foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein a connection structure is provided at a connection part of the geomembrane and the drop for fixing the geomembrane on the drop.

6. The silt-rich water diversion channel structure for the tillite foundation as claimed in claim 5, wherein said connection structure comprises a grab bar, an expansion bolt, a flat steel, a channel steel, a neoprene gasket; grab the muscle with the band steel all is located inside the drop, the chloroprene rubber gasket sets up the geomembrane both sides, the channel-section steel set up in the chloroprene rubber gasket is outside, expansion bolts runs through the geomembrane, grab muscle, band steel, channel-section steel and chloroprene rubber gasket.

7. The silt-rich water diversion canal structure for the tillite foundation of claim 6, wherein a plurality of the grabbing ribs and the expansion bolts are arranged at intervals.

8. The silt-rich water diversion channel structure for the tillite foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein said channel lining comprises a channel floor lining and channel side slope linings disposed at both sides of said channel floor lining, said channel side slope lining being plain concrete lining, said channel floor lining being fine concrete pebble lining.

9. The silt-rich water diversion canal structure for the tillite foundation according to claim 1, wherein the gradient of the geomembrane in the water flow direction is 1% to 2%.

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