CN111663390A - Expansive soil terrace embankment filling structure and construction method - Google Patents
Expansive soil terrace embankment filling structure and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
- E01C3/04—Foundations produced by soil stabilisation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
- E01C3/06—Methods or arrangements for protecting foundations from destructive influences of moisture, frost or vibration
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0085—Geotextiles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2450/00—Gaskets
- E02D2450/10—Membranes
- E02D2450/105—Membranes impermeable
- E02D2450/106—Membranes impermeable for liquids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
Abstract
The invention discloses an expansive soil terrace embankment filling structure which comprises an expansive soil filling main body, and further comprises a bottom stabilizing layer, a side slope stabilizing layer and an upper stabilizing layer, wherein the bottom stabilizing layer, the side slope stabilizing layer and the upper stabilizing layer are respectively arranged at the bottom, the side part and the top of the expansive soil filling main body, a bottom water-separating and draining layer is arranged between the top surface of the bottom stabilizing layer and the bottom surface of the expansive soil filling main body, an upper water-separating and draining layer is arranged between the top surface of the expansive soil filling main body and the bottom surface of the upper stabilizing layer, and a side slope middle water-permeating and-draining cushion layer is arranged in the expansive soil filling main body. The invention adopts means of water separation and drainage, composite reinforcement and the like, so that the quality requirement of the field embankment filled with the expansive soil can be met after construction, the improvement and treatment cost of the expansive soil can be greatly reduced, and the purposes of reasonable technology and economic cost are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of railway roadbed engineering, in particular to an expansive soil terrace embankment filling structure. Also relates to a construction method of the filling structure of the embankment of the expansive soil terrace.
Background
The engineering industry considers expansive soil as special soil, and the characteristics of the special soil mainly comprise: dilatancy, fissility, hypercuring, and these three characteristics also determine their very poor engineering properties.
China is one of the countries with the widest distribution of the expansive soil, and the expansive soil is most developed and distributed most commonly in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river and yellow river, and the coastal and southwest regions of the south. The expansive soil is widely distributed, no high-quality roadbed filling is available, and the expansive soil filling cannot be used. When the expansive soil area is used for building a terrace structure, a roadbed form is generally adopted. Because the regional distribution of the expansive soil inevitably needs to use part of the filler with weaker expansibility for roadbed filling construction, and if the roadbed is completely and directly constructed by adopting the expansive soil filler, the defects are easy to occur, so the expansive soil filling road is mostly subjected to chemical improvement and then is filled, most of the modifier is lime or cement, the doping amount of the modifier is determined according to the indoor test mix proportion for test section filling, and the modified soil filling road is popularized and used on the whole line after the test is qualified.
The utility model provides a construction waste improvement inflation dirt road bed structure (CN 108951332B) has proposed an improvement inflation dirt road bed structure, including the roadbed surface layer and the inflation soil filling layer that is located the roadbed surface layer below, the inflation soil filling layer sets up construction waste improvement soil filling layer all around, because the construction waste contains more coarse aggregate, mostly is the water permeability structure, can influence inflation soil filling layer stability under the condition that the surface water infiltrates, inflation soil filling layer in addition, have the inclined plane of steeper inclination between the construction waste improvement soil filling layer, interface stability between the different materials is difficult to control yet, has restricted its engineering application. A layered expansive soil side slope protection structure (CN 206873464U) provides an expansive soil side slope protection structure, wherein three layers of protection layer structures are arranged on the surface of a side slope project, each layer of protection layer structure is composed of a protection stone layer, a stone protection net and an expansive soil layer, and the stability among a plurality of interfaces among all protection layers becomes a key for restricting the project application.
The filling structure of the expansive soil terrace embankment provided by the invention not only can enable the embankment of the terrace filled with the expansive soil to meet the quality requirement after construction, but also can greatly reduce the cost for improving and treating the expansive soil, and achieves the purposes of reasonable technology and economic cost, and the larger the filling height of the embankment is, the more the economical efficiency of the structure can be reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, provide an expansive soil terrace embankment filling structure and further provide a construction method of the expansive soil terrace embankment filling structure. The invention is suitable for embankment filling sections with filling height of more than 3m in an expansive land area, and the larger the embankment filling height is, the more economical the roadbed structure can be embodied.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an expansive soil terrace embankment filling structure comprises an expansive soil filling main body, a bottom stabilizing layer, a side slope stabilizing layer and an upper stabilizing layer, wherein the bottom stabilizing layer, the side slope stabilizing layer and the upper stabilizing layer are respectively arranged at the bottom, the side part and the top of the expansive soil filling main body,
the top surface of the bottom stable layer is in a slope shape, a bottom water separation and drainage layer is arranged between the top surface of the bottom stable layer and the bottom surface of the expansive soil filling main body,
the top surface of the expansive soil filling main body is in a slope shape, an upper water separation and drainage layer is arranged between the top surface of the expansive soil filling main body and the bottom surface of the upper stable layer,
the expansive soil filling main body is internally provided with a side slope middle seepage and drainage cushion layer which is arranged in a set slope.
As above the bottom separate the drainage blanket and the upper portion separate the drainage blanket be water proof sand bed course, water proof sand bed course extends to the slope stabilizing layer outside, water proof sand bed course includes water proof membrane and sand bed course, the sand bed course setting is on the water proof membrane.
The thickness of the sand cushion layer is 8-20 cm, and the particle size range of the sand cushion layer is 0.1-4 mm.
The middle seepage and drainage cushion layer of the side slope comprises a plurality of seepage and drainage belts, and the seepage and drainage belts extend to the outside of the side slope stabilizing layer.
The side slope middle seepage and drainage cushion layers are distributed at different heights of the expansive soil filling main body, and seepage and drainage belts of the side slope middle seepage and drainage cushion layers at adjacent heights are distributed in a staggered mode.
The water seepage and drainage belt comprises a water permeable layer, a clearance hole drainage piece and a water resisting layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom.
The permeable layer is geotextile, the gap hole drainage piece is in a three-dimensional wire mesh shape, and the water-resisting layer is a composite geomembrane or an HPDE membrane or a PE membrane or a PVC membrane.
The utility model provides an inflation soil terrace embankment filling structure, still includes the compound muscle that adds, and compound muscle level sets up and both sides extend to in slope stable layer and the inflation soil filling main part respectively.
The slope bottom of the expansive soil filling main body is provided with a slope protection foot structure, the slope stabilizing layer is provided with a slope protection surface structure, the upper stabilizing layer is provided with a slope protection top structure, the slope protection foot structure is provided with a slope protection foot structure drainage hole extending to the bottom water separation and drainage layer, the earth surface drainage system is arranged near the slope protection foot structure,
the slope protection foot structure is a foot wall or a retaining wall; the slope protection surface structure is an arch water interception framework slope protection or a water drainage groove slope protection; the slope protection top structure is a vegetation layer or a mortar rubble protective surface or a concrete protective surface.
A construction method of an expansive soil terrace embankment filling structure comprises the following steps:
step 4, paving a bottom water-isolating and draining layer on the top surface of the bottom stabilizing layer;
and 8, constructing a slope protection foot structure, a slope protection surface structure, a slope protection top structure and a ground surface drainage system in sequence.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) compared with the design form that the embankment is filled by all the improved soil under the condition that the conventional expansive soil area is lack of high-quality filler, the embankment filled by adopting the structural form of the embankment can greatly reduce the quantity of the improved soil, the material cost of the modifier, the construction process and the construction time, thereby reducing the engineering cost and improving the economic benefit.
(2) The side slope part of the invention is treated by water prevention and drainage and water insulation, thereby effectively avoiding the side slope from slipping and collapsing possibly generated by the conventional expansive soil roadbed and improving the erosion resistance of the side slope. After the waterproof treatment is adopted, the expansive soil in the embankment is separated from the external environment, so that the influence of moisture in the atmosphere on the expansive soil is isolated, the moisture content of the expansive soil is basically kept stable, the strength and stability of the expansive soil are ensured, and the safety quality requirement of the roadbed is met.
(3) Compared with the structure form of completely adopting improved soil filling, the structure form of adopting the embankment can greatly reduce the use amount of the improved soil and meet the requirement of continuous filling of large-scale construction because the construction process of the improved soil filling is complex and the work efficiency is slow, and is not beneficial to the continuous filling of large-scale construction.
(4) If the roadbed filling adopts lime-improved road-mixing method construction, the expansive soil can be sprayed with lime and spread on the roadbed filling surface to be used as a temporary airing field, and road-mixing method construction is carried out after the water content of the expansive soil is reduced to a proper range, so that the problem that the expansive soil is lack of the airing field during large-scale continuous filling can be solved to a certain extent, and the construction continuity is ensured.
(5) A water separation and drainage system consisting of a bottom water separation and drainage layer, a side slope middle seepage and drainage cushion layer and an upper water separation and drainage layer is embedded at every certain vertical interval in the filling range of the expansive soil, so that the water content of the filler in the roadbed can be effectively kept stable. The water separation and drainage system can meet the requirements of a separation function, a soil conservation function and a top-breaking prevention performance, can still well maintain the water prevention and drainage performance under the action of larger normal stress (such as train or filling load, construction rolling and the like), quickly drains seepage water out of a foundation bed or a roadbed filling body, and ensures the long-term stability of the roadbed. By adopting the measures, the cracking and the collapse of the roadbed side slope can be effectively prevented.
The expansive soil is widely distributed in China, the expansive soil terrace embankment filling structure provided by the invention can not only enable the quality of the expansive soil terrace embankment after filling construction to meet the requirements, but also greatly reduce the improvement cost, simplify the construction process flow, facilitate large-scale continuous filling construction, achieve the purposes of reasonable technology and economic cost, and have wide popularization and application values.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the middle seepage and drainage cushion layer of the side slope (dotted line is the middle seepage and drainage cushion layer of the lower side slope).
Fig. 3.1 is a schematic view of a slope protection surface structure of an arch water interception skeleton slope protection.
Fig. 3.2 is a schematic diagram of a slope protection surface structure as a drainage channel.
Figure 4 is a schematic view of one embodiment of the bottom and upper drainage barriers.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a water seepage and drainage cushion layer in the middle of a side slope.
1-stable filling area, 1.1-bottom stable layer, 1.2-slope stable layer, 1.3-upper stable layer;
2-filling the main body with expansive soil; 3-water insulation and drainage system, 3.1-bottom water insulation and drainage layer, 3.2-side slope middle seepage and drainage cushion layer, 3.3-upper water insulation and drainage layer, 3.1.1-water-proof film, 3.1.2-sand cushion layer, 3.2.1-water-permeable layer, 3.2.2-gap hole drainage piece, and 3.2.3-water-proof layer; 4, compound reinforcement; 5-side slope protection structure, 5.1-slope protection foot structure, 5.2-slope protection surface structure, 5.3-slope protection top structure and 5.4-slope protection foot structure drain hole; 6-surface drainage system.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples for the purpose of facilitating understanding and practice of the invention by those of ordinary skill in the art, and it is to be understood that the present invention has been described in the illustrative embodiments and is not to be construed as limited thereto.
An expansive soil terrace embankment filling structure comprises a stable filling area 1, an expansive soil filling main body 2, a water separation and drainage system 3, a composite reinforcement 4, a side slope protection structure 5 and a surface drainage system 6.
The stable filler area 1 adopts a filler with good water stability and good water-resisting property.
The stable filler area 1 comprises a bottom stable layer 1.1, a slope stable layer 1.2 and an upper stable layer 1.3, wherein the bottom stable layer 1.1, the slope stable layer 1.2 and the upper stable layer 1.3 are respectively arranged at the bottom, the side and the top of the expansive soil filling main body 2 and used for preventing the expansive soil filling from being influenced by external environment, surface water infiltration and capillary water rise, so that the stability of the expansive soil filling main body 2 is ensured. Avoid the inflation soil filling main part 2 inflation soil filler to receive external environment's influence, keep its moisture content basically stable, prevent that it from producing the breathing deformation, and then guaranteed terrace embankment quality, the maximum amplitude increases the comprehensive utilization of inflation soil simultaneously, has improved efficiency of construction and economic benefits.
The bottom stabilizing layer 1.1 is arranged at the bottom of the expansive soil filling main body 2 and used for isolating capillary water of the foundation, so that expansion and shrinkage deformation of expansive soil and reduction of bearing capacity caused by the capillary water rising to the expansive soil filling main body 2 are avoided. The thickness of the bottom stabilizing layer 1.1 is generally not less than 0.3m, 0.5-0.6 m is mostly adopted, the surface vegetable layer is removed from the foundation portion of the ground and the bottom stabilizing layer 1.1 is filled after compaction, the top surface of the bottom stabilizing layer 1.1 gradually forms a slope in the filling process, the slope rate is generally 2-4%, the slope rate is not less than 1% under the limit condition, and the top surface of the bottom stabilizing layer 1.1 inclines downwards towards one side of the slope.
And the side slope stabilizing layer 1.2 is arranged in a side slope area at the side part of the expansive soil filling main body 2 and is used for isolating surface water at the upper part of the side slope from penetrating into the expansive soil filling main body 2, so that expansive soil shrinkage deformation, side slope deformation and side slope instability caused by water absorption and water loss are avoided. The width of the slope stabilizing layer 1.2 extending to the expansive soil filling main body 2 in the horizontal direction is not less than the depth of the atmospheric influence zone, generally 3-5 m, and should not be less than 2 m. The slope stabilizing layer 1.2 and the expansive soil filling main body 2 are filled in the same layer, and a drainage slope with the slope of 2-4% is arranged from the top surface formed in the filling process to the outer edge of the slope.
And the upper stable layer 1.3 is arranged on the surface of the upper terrace of the expansive soil filling main body 2 and is used for isolating surface water on the upper part of the terrace from the expansive soil filling main body 2, so that the expansive soil expansion and shrinkage deformation and the reduction of the foundation bearing capacity caused by water absorption and water loss are avoided. The thickness of the upper stable layer 1.3 is generally not less than 0.6m, 0.6-1.0 m is mostly adopted, a drainage slope with the slope of 2-4% is arranged from the bottom surface of the upper stable layer 1.3 to the outer edge of the side slope, and the slope of the top surface of the upper stable layer 1.3 is arranged according to the requirements of the terrace and is gradually transited in the filling process.
The stable filler area 1 comprises a bottom stable layer 1.1, a side slope stable layer 1.2 and an upper stable layer 1.3, and can be filled with non-expansive cohesive soil, improved expansive soil or graded broken stone mixed with cement generally; when the improved expansive soil is used for filling, the particle size of the improved expansive soil is controlled within 15mm on the whole, the proportion of the particle size larger than 15mm is less than 20%, and the maximum particle size is less than 50mm, the improved expansive soil can be improved by mixing weak expansive soil with lime or cement, or the improved expansive soil is improved by mixing medium expansive soil with lime or cement, the mixing proportion of the weak expansive soil is not less than 3%, the mixing proportion of the medium expansive soil is not less than 3.5%, and the improved applicability and mixing proportion are specially researched when the strong expansive soil is used for mixing.
The expansive soil filling main body 2 can be filled by weak expansive soil or medium expansive soil, the filling is carried out under the condition of optimal water content in the filling process, the optimal water content of the weak medium expansive soil is generally 15-20%, and when the filling is carried out by strong expansive soil, special water stability and slope stability rate research is carried out to determine.
The water separation and drainage system 3 can ensure that the expansive soil filling main body 2 is free from the influence of surface water infiltration and capillary water rising, plays a role in isolation, can effectively dredge a small amount of water seepage in the expansive soil filling main body 2, combines a water separation sealing function and a further effective dredging and drainage function, and comprehensively ensures that the expansive soil in the expansive soil filling main body 2 is free from the influence of the external environment, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the whole expansive soil terrace embankment filling structure.
The water-proof and drainage system 3 comprises a bottom water-proof and drainage layer 3.1, a side slope middle water-proof and drainage cushion layer 3.2 and an upper water-proof and drainage layer 3.3.
The bottom separates drainage blanket 3.1, sets up in the top surface of bottom stabilizing layer 1.1, and the top surface of bottom stabilizing layer 1.1 is slope form, and bottom separates drainage blanket 3.1 and is located between the top surface of bottom stabilizing layer 1.1 and the bottom surface of inflation soil filling main part 2, and the full surface is laid. The bottom water-separating and draining layer 3.1 can further avoid the influence of capillary water on the expansive soil filling main body 2, and can drain a small amount of stagnant water in the expansive soil filling main body 2 to the outside of the side slope along the drainage gradient.
The side slope middle seepage and drainage cushion layer 3.2 is arranged in the side slope stabilizing layer 1.2 and in a certain range of the expansive soil filling main body 2, the side slope middle seepage and drainage cushion layer 3.2 is arranged in a set slope, and is laid in a strip shape in the expansive soil terrace embankment filling process. The middle seepage and drainage cushion layer 3.2 of the side slope can drain a small amount of stagnant water inside the expansive soil filling main body 2 to the outside of the side slope along the drainage slope.
And the upper water separation and drainage layer 3.3 is arranged on the lower surface of the upper stable layer 1.3 and is positioned between the top surface of the expansive soil filling main body 2 and the bottom surface of the upper stable layer 1.3, the whole surface is paved, and the top surface of the expansive soil filling main body 2 is in a slope shape. Upper portion separates drainage blanket 3.3, can further avoid the surface water to infiltrate the influence to the inflation soil filling main part 2, still can arrange the slope outside along the drainage slope with a small amount of infiltration of upper portion stabilizer layer 1.3.
The slope setting is set for to slope middle part infiltration drainage bed course 3.2, and slope middle part infiltration drainage bed course 3.2 includes a plurality of drainage zones that ooze, oozes the drainage zone and extends to slope stable layer 1.2 outside, and the drainage bed course 3.2 distributes at the co-altitude of inflation soil filling main part 2 is oozed at the slope middle part, and the drainage zone that oozes of drainage bed course 3.2 staggers at the slope middle part of adjacent height distributes, perhaps is rhombus cross distribution. The water seepage and drainage belt comprises a water permeable layer 3.2.1, a clearance hole drainage piece 3.2.2 and a water resisting layer 3.2.3 which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom.
The permeable layer 3.2.1 is made of geotextile material with a reverse filtration function generally; the gap hole drainage piece 3.2.2 can adopt a three-dimensional silk net-shaped or convenient surface-shaped high polymer material with gaps, specifically can adopt a three-dimensional net-shaped porous structure in a convenient surface shape or a loofah shape, generally adopts synthetic resin as a raw material, and adopts a spinning process to form the three-dimensional net-shaped porous structure after being melted at high temperature; the water-resisting layer 3.2.3 has good water-resisting property, certain strength and ductility, and can be made of composite geomembrane, HPDE membrane, PE membrane or PVC membrane.
Bottom water proof drainage layer 3.1 and upper portion water proof drainage layer 3.3 all include a plurality of water proof sand cushion layers, and water proof sand cushion layer extends to side slope stable layer 1.2 outsidely, and water proof sand cushion layer includes water-proof membrane 3.1.1 and sand cushion layer 3.1.2, and sand cushion layer 3.1.2 sets up on water-proof membrane 3.1.1.
The water-resisting film 3.1.1 has good water-resisting property, certain strength and ductility, the tensile strength is generally not less than 10kPa/m, and materials such as a composite geomembrane, an HPDE film, a PE film, a PVC film and the like can be generally adopted; the thickness of the sand cushion layer 3.1.2 is generally 8-20 cm, the optimal selection is generally 10cm, clean and tidy medium coarse sand is adopted, plant root systems are not contained, the content of the particle size smaller than 0.1mm is not more than 3%, and the particle size range is generally 0.1-4 mm.
The bottom water-proof and drainage layer 3.1 and the upper water-proof and drainage layer 3.3 can also be made of the same material as the water seepage and drainage cushion layer 3.2 in the middle of the side slope, and the full-section paving is needed at the moment.
In compound reinforcement 4 level setting and both sides extended to side slope stable layer 1.2 and inflation soil filling main part 2 respectively, in order to guarantee the interface stability between stable filler district 1, the inflation soil filling main part 2, the width of compound reinforcement 4 from side slope stable layer 1.2 to inflation soil filling main part 2 is 4m generally, sets up the width at stable filler district 1, inflation soil filling main part 2 and is 2 m.
Side slope protective structure 5, including slope protection foot structure 5.1, slope protection face structure 5.2, bank protection top structure 5.3 and slope protection foot structure outlet 5.4.
Slope protection foot structure 5.1 is provided with at slope bottom department of slope stable layer 1.2, is provided with slope protection surface structure 5.2 on the slope stable layer 1.2, and upper portion stable layer 1.3 is provided with slope protection top structure 5.3, is provided with the slope protection foot structure outlet 5.4 that extends to bottom water separation drainage layer 3.1 on the slope protection foot structure 5.1, and slope protection foot structure 5.1 sets up earth's surface drainage system 6 near.
The slope protection foot structure 5.1 can adopt forms of foot walls, retaining walls and the like, and has the functions of stabilizing the slope feet and preventing the slope feet from being soaked by surface water; a slope protection foot structure water outlet 5.4 is arranged on the slope protection foot structure 5.1.
The slope protection foot structure drainage hole 5.4 is used for draining underground water drained by the bottom water separation and drainage layer 3.1; slope protection foot structure outlet 5.4, generally adopt the stereoplasm PVC pipe of diameter 10cm, the interval generally is 1m setting.
The slope protection surface structure 5.2 is used for ensuring that the surface layer of the side slope is free from the influence of rain wash, and can adopt an arch-shaped water interception framework slope protection (as shown in figure 3) and can also adopt a drainage channel slope protection (as shown in figure 4).
The slope protection top structure 5.3 is used for ensuring that the top surface of the terrace is not influenced by rainfall erosion and surface water flowing erosion, can adopt a green plant layer for protection, and can also adopt a mortar-laid stone facing or a concrete facing by combining factors such as the function zoning of the terrace, the arrangement of buildings and structures and the like.
And the surface drainage system 6 is arranged at the 2m position of the slope toe and is used for draining surface water, and preventing the slope toe from being soaked and softened by accumulated water.
A construction method of an expansive soil terrace embankment filling structure comprises the following steps:
and (5) filling and constructing a bottom stable layer 1.1. The surface layer vegetable layer is removed from the foundation portion and the compacted bottom stabilizing layer is filled 1.1 through rolling, the top surface is gradually formed into a slope in the filling process, the slope rate is generally 2-4%, the slope rate is not less than 1% under the limit condition, the lower portion of the slope rate is inclined to the outer edge direction of the slope, and the top surface of the bottom stabilizing layer 1.1 is guaranteed to be smooth and flat.
When the expansive soil filling main body 2 and the slope stabilizing layer 1.2 are filled in a layered mode, the water content of the expansive soil filling main body 2 and the slope stabilizing layer 1.2 is controlled to be (the optimal water content is + 3%) - (the optimal water content is-2%), the optimal water content is about 15-20%, the compaction thickness of each layer is not more than 30cm, the compaction number of times of rolling is controlled by taking the compaction coefficient of the rolled embankment to meet the requirement, cracks do not occur on a compaction surface, and the machine shift waste is not caused as a control standard.
Step 4, paving a bottom water-separating and draining layer 3.1 on the top surface of the bottom stabilizing layer 1.1; after the bottom stabilizing layer 1.1 is filled, a bottom water-separating and draining layer 3.1 is paved on the full section of the top surface of the bottom stabilizing layer, when the lap joint is needed, the lap joint mode that the downstream side of the bottom water-separating and draining layer 3.1 is arranged at the bottom and the upper part of the upstream side is adopted, and the lap joint width is not less than 20 cm.
laying a composite reinforcement 4 with the width of about 4m at the interface position of the expansive soil filling main body 2 and the slope stabilizing layer 1.2, then respectively paving the filler of the slope stabilizing layer 1.2 and the filler of the expansive soil filling main body 2 according to the width of the preset slope stabilizing layer 1.2, then simultaneously carrying out primary leveling of a grader and rolling construction operation of a road roller, carrying out rolling forming, and starting to lay the expansive soil filling main body 2, the slope stabilizing layer 1.2 and the composite reinforcement 4 of the previous layer after the compactness is detected to be qualified;
in the process, when the expansive soil filling main body 2 and the side slope stabilizing layer 1.2 with the thickness of 1.2-2.4 m are paved, a side slope middle seepage and drainage cushion layer 3.2 is paved, and the side slope middle seepage and drainage cushion layer 3.2 is paved before the filler of the expansive soil filling main body 2 and the side slope stabilizing layer 1.2 on the upper layer is paved, so that the long-time exposure in the air after the paving is avoided, and the aging and the damage are avoided.
7, paving an upper water separation and drainage layer 3.3 on the top surface of the expansive soil filling main body 2; filling an upper stable layer 1.3 in a layered manner;
after the top surface of the expansive soil filling main body 2 is rolled and leveled, an upper water-separating and draining layer 3.3 is laid on the full section, if the upper water-separating and draining layer 3.3 needs to be lapped, a lapping mode that the downstream side is at the bottom and the upstream side is at the upper part is adopted, and the lapping width is not less than 20 cm; and (3) filling the upper stable layer 1.3 in a layered mode, wherein the slope of the top surface of the upper stable layer 1.3 is set according to the requirements of the terrace and gradually transits in the filling process.
Step 8, constructing an auxiliary structure; after the terrace embankment is filled, generally accomplish the construction of each part according to slope protection foot structure 5.1, bank protection face structure 5.2, slope protection top structure 5.3, the precedence of earth's surface drainage system 6, should guarantee in the work progress: the drainage hole 5.4 of the slope protection foot structure is arranged on one side, close to the side slope, of the bottom water separation and drainage layer 3.1 so as to ensure smooth drainage; the end of the water seepage and drainage cushion layer 3.2 in the middle of the side slope is positioned in the slope protection surface structure 5.2 to ensure smooth drainage.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An expansive soil terrace embankment filling structure comprises an expansive soil filling main body (2), and is characterized by further comprising a bottom stable layer (1.1), a side slope stable layer (1.2) and an upper stable layer (1.3), wherein the bottom stable layer (1.1), the side slope stable layer (1.2) and the upper stable layer (1.3) are respectively arranged at the bottom, the side part and the top of the expansive soil filling main body (2),
the top surface of the bottom stable layer (1.1) is in a slope shape, a bottom water separation and drainage layer (3.1) is arranged between the top surface of the bottom stable layer (1.1) and the bottom surface of the expansive soil filling main body (2),
the top surface of the expansive soil filling main body (2) is in a slope shape, an upper water separation and drainage layer (3.3) is arranged between the top surface of the expansive soil filling main body (2) and the bottom surface of the upper stable layer (1.3),
the expansive soil filling main body (2) is internally provided with a side slope middle seepage and drainage cushion layer (3.2), and the side slope middle seepage and drainage cushion layer (3.2) is arranged in a set slope.
2. The filling structure of the embankment of the expansive soil terrace according to claim 1, wherein the bottom water-proof and drainage layer (3.1) and the upper water-proof and drainage layer (3.3) are water-proof sand cushion layers, the water-proof sand cushion layers extend to the outside of the slope stabilizing layer (1.2), the water-proof sand cushion layers comprise water-proof films (3.1.1) and sand cushion layers (3.1.2), and the sand cushion layers (3.1.2) are arranged on the water-proof films (3.1.1).
3. The filling structure of the embankment of the expansive soil terrace according to claim 2, wherein the thickness of the sand cushion layer (3.1.2) is 8-20 cm, and the particle size of the sand cushion layer (3.1.2) is 0.1-4 mm.
4. The filling structure of an expansive soil terrace embankment according to claim 1, wherein the middle side slope seepage and drainage cushion layer (3.2) comprises a plurality of seepage and drainage strips, and the seepage and drainage strips extend to the outside of the side slope stabilizing layer (1.2).
5. The expansive soil terrace embankment filling structure according to claim 4, wherein the side slope middle seepage and drainage cushion layers (3.2) are distributed at different heights of the expansive soil filling body (2), and seepage and drainage belts of the side slope middle seepage and drainage cushion layers (3.2) at adjacent heights are distributed in a staggered manner.
6. The filling structure of an expansive soil terrace embankment according to claim 4, wherein the water penetration and drainage strip comprises a water penetration layer (3.2.1), a gap hole drainage member (3.2.2) and a water barrier layer (3.2.3) which are stacked in sequence from top to bottom.
7. The filling structure of the embankment of an expansive soil terrace according to claim 6, wherein the water permeable layer (3.2.1) is geotextile, the interstitial hole drainage member (3.2.2) is a three-dimensional silk net shape, and the water barrier layer (3.2.3) is a composite geomembrane or HPDE membrane or PE membrane or PVC membrane.
8. The expansive soil terrace embankment filling structure according to claim 1, further comprising composite reinforcement (4), wherein the composite reinforcement (4) is horizontally arranged, and two sides of the composite reinforcement extend into the slope stabilizing layer (1.2) and the expansive soil filling main body (2) respectively.
9. The expansive soil terrace embankment filling structure according to claim 1, wherein a slope protection foot structure (5.1) is arranged at the bottom of the expansive soil filling main body (2), a slope protection surface structure (5.2) is arranged on the slope stabilizing layer (1.2), a slope protection top structure (5.3) is arranged on the upper stabilizing layer (1.3), a slope protection foot structure water drainage hole (5.4) extending to the bottom water separation drainage layer (3.1) is arranged on the slope protection foot structure (5.1), a ground surface drainage system (6) is arranged near the slope protection foot structure (5.1),
the slope protection foot structure (5.1) is a footwall or a retaining wall; the slope protection surface structure (5.2) is an arch-shaped water interception framework slope protection or a water drainage channel slope protection; the slope protection top structure (5.3) is a vegetation layer or a mortar rubble protection surface or a concrete protection surface.
10. A construction method of an expansive soil terrace embankment filling structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, selecting materials of a bottom stable layer (1.1), a side slope stable layer (1.2), an upper stable layer (1.3) and an expansive soil filling main body (2);
step 2, detecting the bearing capacity of the foundation, and when the bearing capacity of the foundation meets the set requirement, removing vegetation on the surface layer of the foundation and rolling and leveling the field; when the bearing capacity of the foundation does not meet the set requirement, reinforcing the foundation until the set requirement is met, removing surface vegetation, and rolling and leveling the field;
step 3, performing layered filling construction on the bottom stable layer (1.1), and rolling and compacting layer by layer, wherein the top surface of the bottom stable layer (1.1) is in a slope shape;
step 4, paving a bottom water-isolating and draining layer (3.1) on the top surface of the bottom stabilizing layer (1.1);
step 5, filling the expansive soil filling main body (2) and the slope stabilizing layer (1.2) layer by layer, paving the composite reinforcement (4) between the expansive soil filling main body (2) and the slope stabilizing layer (1.2) at a set height, leveling by a land leveler or rolling by a road roller, wherein the top surface of the expansive soil filling main body (2) is in a slope shape;
step 6, paving a middle side slope seepage and drainage cushion layer (3.2) at set heights at intervals in the process of filling the expansive soil filling main body (2) and the side slope stable layer (1.2) layer by layer, wherein the middle side slope seepage and drainage cushion layer (3.2) and the composite reinforcement (4) are staggered in paving height;
7, paving an upper water separation and drainage layer (3.3) on the top surface of the expansive soil filling main body (2); filling an upper stable layer (1.3) in layers;
and 8, constructing a slope protection foot structure (5.1), a slope protection surface structure (5.2), a slope protection top structure (5.3) and a ground surface drainage system (6) in sequence.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117107792A (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2023-11-24 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Combined drainage slope protection system for deep-excavation square expansion soil canal slope and integrated construction method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117107792A (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2023-11-24 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Combined drainage slope protection system for deep-excavation square expansion soil canal slope and integrated construction method |
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