CN216890706U

CN216890706U - Biomass waste reduction sunlight composting room

Info

Publication number: CN216890706U
Application number: CN202220562446.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 关法春; 解娇; 崔彦如; 王明明; 王莉霞; 王超; 滕星; 刘文哲; 郑德华; 王秀飞
Original assignee: Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology of CAS
Current assignee: Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology of CAS
Priority date: 2022-03-15
Filing date: 2022-03-15
Publication date: 2022-07-05
Anticipated expiration: 2032-03-15

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biomass waste reduction sunlight composting room which comprises a fermentation tank body, wherein the top of the fermentation tank body is provided with a heating daylighting surface, the middle upper part of the composting room is provided with a cross beam, a steel arch framework is arranged between the cross beam and the daylighting surface, the middle upper part of the composting room is also provided with a gas collecting pipe, the gas collecting pipe penetrates through the fermentation tank body to extend downwards and is connected with a fan, the other end of the fan is connected with a ventilation pipeline, the bottom of the composting room is provided with a percolate pipe, and a percolate pool is connected below the percolate pipe. After the biomass waste is poured into a fermentation tank in a composting room through a pouring opening, the biomass waste is subjected to high-temperature rapid fermentation and composting under the action of a self-starting microbial agent added in the fermentation tank in advance and a bottom solar ventilation pipeline, and the reduction degree reaches 75-90%.

Description

Biomass waste reduction sunlight composting room

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of biomass, in particular to a biomass waste reduction sunlight composting room.

Background

The biomass mainly refers to lignocellulose (lignin for short) such as straws and trees except grains and fruits in the production process of agriculture and forestry, leftovers in the processing industry of agricultural products, agricultural and forestry wastes, livestock and poultry manure and wastes in the production process of animal husbandry and the like.

Biomass can be an important component of renewable energy. The efficient development and utilization of biomass energy can play a very positive role in solving the problems of energy and ecological environment. Since the 20 th century and the 70 th era, all countries in the world, especially economically developed countries, pay high attention to the technology, research on biomass energy application is actively carried out, a plurality of research achievements are obtained, the industrial application scale is achieved, research and development progress at home and abroad is summarized, and research technologies such as biomass energy solidification, liquefaction, gasification, direct combustion and the like are involved.

At present, some technicians also develop compost houses with reduced amount of garbage, but the effects of reducing fermentation and preventing odor from overflowing are not good.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the problems, the inventor develops a sunlight composting house for reducing biomass waste according to the experience accumulated in the field of biomass technology for a long time.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a biomass waste minimizing sunshine compost room, includes the fermentation cell body, the top of fermentation cell body is equipped with the daylighting face that heats, the well upper portion in compost room is equipped with the crossbeam, be equipped with steel arch skeleton between crossbeam and the daylighting face, the well upper portion in compost room still is equipped with gas collecting pipe, gas collecting pipe runs through fermentation cell body downwardly extending to be connected with the fan, the other end of fan is connected with the air duct, the bottom in compost room is equipped with the infiltration liquid pipe, infiltration liquid pipe below is connected with the infiltration liquid pond.

Furthermore, the lighting surface is provided with a clamping groove structure.

Further, the rear of the compost room is provided with two garbage throwing openings which are symmetrically arranged, and steps are arranged below the garbage throwing openings.

Further, the height of the garbage throwing port is 1.8 m.

Furthermore, the bottom of the composting room is also provided with a hole digging area.

Furthermore, a valve is arranged between the percolate pipe and the percolate pool.

Furthermore, a gate is arranged in front of the composting room.

Furthermore, a rear slope of the composting room is provided with a nano film for blocking the odor from overflowing.

For the technical scheme, the inventor further elaborates that: the microbial inoculum used for fermentation of the biomass wastes is a low-temperature-resistant microbial inoculum, can be automatically started to heat without an external heating source, can normally perform high-temperature fermentation of more than 50 ℃ even in winter under the condition that a lighting surface absorbs sunlight for auxiliary heating, can achieve the purpose of finishing primary fermentation composting (the carbon-nitrogen ratio is less than or equal to 25) of the biomass wastes in summer at a fermentation temperature of more than 65 ℃ in general for 20-30 days, and reaches the standard of returning to the field for composting.

The deodorization system of the biomass waste is mainly composed of three parts, namely deodorization microorganisms, a nano membrane and an odor collecting and filtering device.

On one hand, deodorizing microorganisms are added in the fermentation process of the biomass waste to decompose ammonia nitrogen compounds, sulfides and the like from the source, so that the generation of odor is inhibited to the maximum extent; on the other hand, under the condition that odor is collected to the top of the fermentation tank, the top of the fermentation tank is covered by the nano film, and the nano film can effectively inhibit the dissipation of the fermentation odor of the biomass waste, but does not prevent the normal passage of water vapor generated by the fermentation of the garbage, so that the reduction of the water content of the fermentation pile and the improvement of the degree of decomposition are facilitated; in addition, the sunshine room is additionally arranged above the nano-film fermentation tank, so that the biomass waste can be promoted to be thoroughly decomposed by heating through solar energy, the odor collecting and filtering device is arranged in the sunshine room (odor blocked by the collected nano-film is led to the fermentation pile to be continuously deodorized), the odor generated by stirring of the fermentation tank, dumping of garbage and the like can be effectively prevented from escaping, the water vapor generated during fermentation of the biomass waste is condensed, the sunshine room is attractive in appearance, and the environment beautifying effect can be achieved by arranging the sunshine room in a community.

The side wall of the technical scheme is a biomass waste feeding opening which can be communicated with a fermentation tank inside the biomass waste feeding opening, and the side wall is closed and sealed at ordinary times. Mainly comprises the following devices.

Composting house

The design of semi-underground is adopted, the underground depth is 0.35m, and the ground height is 3.0 m. The main structure of the semi-underground composting house building is a concrete foundation structure, and the reasonable service life is 50 years. And (3) outer decoration: the facing is painted into a phase pattern. Inner powder decoration: the ceiling and the wall surface are both made of polymer mortar. Door and window: the outer door adopts a finished stainless steel door, glass or a sun plate skylight.

Two, nanometer membrane fermentation tank

The nano-film fermentation tank consists of a fermentation tank body, nano-films and a ventilation pipeline, and two nano-film fermentation tanks are arranged in each sunlight room, so that the turnover use is convenient. The upper part of the fermentation tank body is covered with the nano-film, and the bottom of the fermentation tank body is provided with a through type ventilation pipeline.

The fermentation tank body and the nano-film form a relatively closed space, biomass waste is promoted to be rapidly fermented under the conditions of reasonable oxygen supply and temperature regulation of a ventilation pipeline blasting from the bottom of the fermentation pile, odor generated by fermentation is prevented from overflowing, and simultaneously odor blocked by the nano-film is digested by utilizing high-temperature fermentation of microorganisms in the fermentation pile.

Third, tail gas recovery system

The top end of the sunlight room is provided with a gas collecting pipeline, when the biomass waste is manually cleared, the negative pressure air pump is started to collect odor escaping in the treatment process, the collected odor is directly introduced into a ventilation pipeline in the fermentation pile, and the odor is decomposed and deodorized by a preset microbial agent in the fermentation pile and is simultaneously supplemented with oxygen in the fermentation pile, so that two purposes are achieved.

Fourthly, percolation liquid pool

Fermentation tank filtration liquid mouth of pipe, if the biomass waste water content of empting is too high, can be with unnecessary filtration liquid drainage to the filtration liquid pond of fermentation tank below to reach the minimum water level line of setting for after filtration liquid, when the compost water content is less than 60% in the fermentation tank, extract filtration liquid automatically and be used for supplementing the fermentation water in to the fermentation tank.

Fifth, intelligent management system

Mainly by temperature sensor, humidity transducer and the control unit etc. and constitute for according to the temperature and the water content of fermentation heap, and the water level height in leachate pond, carry out long-range intelligent management to blast air, sewage pump etc..

Sixth, solar energy power supply system

The solar panel is arranged on the inner surface of the sunlight room, and is used for supplying power to the air blower in the fermentation tank and the sewage pump in the percolate pond after power generation and simultaneously providing power for the intelligent management system.

The technical scheme relates to the following treatment process

First, fermentation inoculum and ingredients

Using a low temperature resistant microbial preparation and a deodorant bacterial agent (provided by the academy of agricultural sciences, gilin) according to a ratio of 100: 5 to prepare the microbial inoculum special for fermenting the biomass waste.

0.05 ton of straws are crushed into crushed straws with the length less than or equal to 5cm (dry withered leaves and hay in a community can be used for replacing the crushed straws), wet straws with water with the water content of 45-55% are formed after the wet straws are wetted, and then the wet straws are mixed and stirred uniformly with 3.4kg of urea, 2.0kg of special microbial inoculum for fermenting biomass wastes, 1.5kg of brown sugar, 3.0kg of calcium superphosphate, 0.1kg of calcium oxide and 30kg of rice chaff (oil chaff) to prepare 40.0kg of fermentation bacterial material in total, and the fermentation dosage of 1 ton of biomass wastes (dry weight) can be used.

Secondly, putting fermentation bacteria material

And throwing the fermentation bacteria material into the fermentation tank through the garbage throwing port. And calculating the used fermentation bacterial material according to the estimated input amount of the biomass waste, and throwing the fermentation bacterial material into the fermentation tank for 1 time every week.

Thirdly, fermentation tank turnover and clearing

The fermentation tank accommodates and puts in biomass waste, and carries out fermentation synchronously to reduce the garbage capacity, regularly clears away after filling up.

The beneficial effects of this technical scheme are: after the biomass waste is poured into a fermentation tank in a composting room through a pouring opening, the biomass waste is subjected to high-temperature rapid fermentation and composting under the action of a self-starting microbial agent pre-added in the fermentation tank and a bottom solar ventilation pipeline, and the reduction degree reaches 75-90%.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the structure of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a composting room.

Reference numerals: 1. fermentation tank body, 2, crossbeam, 3, daylighting face, 4, draw-in groove structure, 5, steel arch skeleton, 6, gate, 7, fan, 8, gas collecting pipe, 9, vent pipe, 10, rubbish input port, 11, step, 12, filtration liquid pipe, 13, valve, 14, infiltration liquid pond.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1-3, a biomass waste reduction sunshine compost room, including fermentation tank body 1, the top of fermentation tank body 1 is equipped with the daylighting face 3 that heats, the well upper portion in compost room is equipped with crossbeam 2, be equipped with steel arch skeleton 5 between crossbeam 2 and the daylighting face 3, the well upper portion in compost room still is equipped with gas collecting pipe 8, gas collecting pipe 8 runs through fermentation tank body 1 downwardly extending to be connected with fan 7, the other end of fan 7 is connected with vent pipe 9, the bottom in compost room is equipped with infiltration liquid pipe 12, infiltration liquid pipe 12 below is connected with percolate pond 14.

In this embodiment, the lighting surface 3 is provided with a slot structure 4.

In this embodiment, the rear of compost room is equipped with rubbish and puts in mouthful 10, the quantity of rubbish and put in mouthful 10 is two, is the symmetry setting, the below of rubbish and put in mouthful 10 is equipped with step 11.

In this embodiment, the height of the garbage input port 10 is 1.8 m.

In this embodiment, the bottom of the compost room is also provided with a hole digging area.

In this embodiment, a valve 13 is provided between the permeate line 12 and the permeate reservoir 14.

In this embodiment, a gate 6 is provided in front of the composting house.

In this embodiment, the back slope of the composting room is provided with a nano-film for blocking the odor from overflowing.

In this document, descriptions to the left, right, upper half, lower half, etc. are only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the precedence of the indicated technical features. It is to be understood that the use of the foregoing terms is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are illustrative and not restrictive of the technical solutions of the present invention, and equivalents of those skilled in the art or other modifications made in the prior art are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a biomass waste minimizing sunshine compost room which characterized in that: including the fermentation cell body, the top of fermentation cell body is equipped with the daylighting face that heats, the well upper portion in compost room is equipped with the crossbeam, be equipped with the steel arch skeleton between crossbeam and the daylighting face, the well upper portion in compost room still is equipped with the gas collecting pipe, the gas collecting pipe runs through fermentation cell body downwardly extending to be connected with the fan, the other end of fan is connected with the vent pipe, the bottom in compost room is equipped with the infiltration liquid pipe, infiltration liquid pipe below is connected with the infiltration liquid pond.

2. The biomass waste reduction sunlight composting room of claim 1 wherein: the lighting surface is provided with a clamping groove structure.

3. The biomass waste reduction sunlight composting room of claim 1 wherein: the rear of compost room is equipped with rubbish and puts in the mouth, the quantity of rubbish is put in mouthful two, is the symmetry setting, the below of rubbish is put in mouthful is equipped with the step.

4. The biomass waste reduction sunlight composting room of claim 3 wherein: the height of the garbage throwing port is 1.8 m.

5. The biomass waste reduction sunlight composting room of claim 1 wherein: the bottom of the composting room is also provided with a hole digging area.

6. The biomass waste reduction sunlight composting room of claim 1 wherein: and a valve is arranged between the percolate pipe and the percolate pool.

7. The biomass waste reduction sunlight composting room of claim 1 wherein: and a gate is arranged in front of the composting room.

8. The biomass waste reduction sunlight composting room of claim 1 wherein: the back slope of the composting room is provided with a nano film for blocking the odor from overflowing.