CN216874528U - Ecological multiplication net cage for pearl shells on remote sea island - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ecological multiplication net cage for pearl shells on a remote island reef, which comprises a net cage, wherein a first floating rope is arranged along an opening at the top of the net cage, a buoy is arranged on the first floating rope, main anchors are arranged around the net cage, one end of each main anchor is fixed on the first floating rope through a main anchor rope, and the other end of each main anchor is fixed on the sea bottom; an auxiliary anchor is also arranged below the bottom of the net cage, one end of the auxiliary anchor is fixed at the bottom of the net cage through an auxiliary anchor rope, and the other end of the auxiliary anchor is fixed at the seabed; a second floating rope is also arranged at the opening at the top of the net cage, and a shellfish culture mechanism is arranged on the second floating rope; the shellfish culture mechanism is a young shellfish domesticating mechanism, a young shellfish culture mechanism, a medium shellfish culture mechanism or a large shellfish culture mechanism. The net cage can isolate the entrance of large fishes, effectively control the organisms attached to the surfaces of the shells, and optimize the culture mode of the pearl shells and improve the survival rate of the shells in the proliferation process by controlling the interaction between aquatic animals and plants at different nutrition levels and carrying out graded feeding and management on the pearl shells in different size periods.

Description

Ecological multiplication net cage for pearl shells on remote sea island

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of aquaculture net cages, and particularly relates to an ecological multiplication net cage for pearl shells on a remote island reef.

Background

Pinctada maxima, Pinctada martensii and Pinctada penguin are the main Pinctada martensii species in south China sea, and mainly feed on floating algae, organic debris and the like; pinctada maxima, also called white butterfly shells, belongs to the Pinctada maxima of Pinctada of mollusca family, is one of four important Pinctada maxima used for cultivating seawater nucleated pearls worldwide, is mainly used for cultivating 'Nanyang pearls' with large particle size, thick pearl layer and good glossiness and with higher economic value, and the 'Nanyang pearls' cultivated by the Pinctada maxima accounts for 46% of the total output value of the seawater pearls worldwide. As early as 1970, two ancestors were recorded by Chilobrachys mongolica and Cao of Nanhai aquatic research institute of Chinese aquatic science institute, the success of the artificial offspring breeding of the pinctada maxima is obtained for the first time, and the success of the pearl breeding of the pinctada maxima is obtained in 1981, so that the history that large seawater pearls cannot be produced in China is broken through, and the first-class prize of national technological progress is obviously contributed in 1987. However, after 1985, the juvenile Pinctada maxima cultured in offshore areas in China die largely, and after 1987, the juvenile Pinctada maxima cultured in offshore areas die largely, which is a gateway that the shell height is not 5cm basically.

The environment condition for culturing the large nacre is much higher than that of other small nacre, and the large nacre is not only in high-temperature zone, but also has high requirement for seawater specific gravity (salinity) and fresh water quality. With the continuous development of society, the population is continuously increased, the discharge of industrial sewage and waste water and the discharge of the rapid development of breeding industry cause the change of marine breeding environment, the deterioration of water quality and serious pollution, the small near-shore breeding bay, the shallow water and the high turbidity, and the poor near-shore good bay becomes a great bay, which brings certain difficulties to the breeding industry of the pinctada maxima. Especially, plankton in offshore culture sea areas is rich and influenced by the change of marine environment, algae reproduction is accelerated, and the growth of barnacle, oyster, coral worm, sea squirt, bryozoatum, perforated sponge, seaweed and other attached organisms is faster, and the organisms are attached to the shell cage and the shell opening of the pearl shell in a large amount to block water flow, so that the ingestion of the pearl shell is reduced, and meanwhile, the organisms compete for food with the pearl shell to influence the growth and development of the pearl shell. The shell is penetrated by a large area through a perforated sponge and the like, so that small holes are distributed on the shell surface, and the shell becomes loose and damaged; oysters, sea squirts, barnacles and the like can also be attached to the top of pearl shells, so that the shells cannot be opened and die; meanwhile, in a culture sea area with a large amount of floating mud, the infection rate of black heart liver diseases (commonly called as 'black shell disease', also called as secondary abscess caused by parasitic disease of multiple caterpillars) is very high, and the damage mode of the multiple caterpillars is that shells of pearl shells are penetrated to separate adductor muscles from shells, or the adductor muscles and mantle membranes are rotten to cause death. Therefore, the cultured pinctada maxima has serious epidemic diseases of parasites, and brings a difficult problem to the seawater pearl culture industry. At present, in the process of culturing large nacre in China, not only is the death of the nacre caused by parasitic diseases, but also the mantle atrophy disease is more serious, and the disease not only causes the large and small nacres cultured in estuary to be diseased, but also causes adult nacre cultured in open sea to be infected quickly. Once the shellfish infected with the mantle atrophy disease die, the death rate reaches more than 99 percent. In addition, frost is added on snow, the great economic value of the large nacre drives fishermen to catch the wild large nacre, so that the amount of natural resources is sharply reduced, and the natural resources of the large nacre are difficult to meet by one shell.

Related units in China also successively develop a great deal of exploration, trial and experiment to try to find ways, such as adjusting the culture cages and the hanging culture depth of the pinctada martensii young shellfish, transferring the pinctada martensii young shellfish culture from offshore culture to land-based ponds or indoor culture, introducing foreign pinctada martensii germplasm resources and the like, but at present, the substantial breakthrough is not made, and the domestic pinctada martensii culture industry is slowly developed.

The beauty island is far away from land source pollution, and is a sea area which is found at present and is suitable for large-scale breeding of pinctada maxima due to a unique upwelling system formed by the construction of the island reef and the suitable primary productivity level in lagoons. However, south sand at the beauty island, the water flow is more complex; the attached organisms are different from coastal organisms and mainly comprise macroalgae; in addition, carnivorous fishes such as parrots, globefishes and the like exist in the water area, shellfish can be ingested, and the culture of the nacre is difficult to realize by directly utilizing the existing raft culture.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide an ecological proliferation net cage for pearl shells on a remote island reef, which can isolate the entrance of large fishes, effectively control the attachment organisms on the surfaces of the shells, optimize the culture mode of the pearl shells and improve the survival rate of the shells in the proliferation process by controlling the interaction between aquatic animals and plants at different nutrition levels and carrying out graded feeding and management on the pearl shells at different size periods.

The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: a distant sea island reef pearl oyster ecological proliferation net cage comprises a net cage, wherein a first floating rope is arranged along an opening at the top of the net cage, a floating barrel is arranged on the first floating rope, main anchors are arranged around the net cage, one end of each main anchor is fixed on the first floating rope through a main anchor rope, and the other end of each main anchor is fixed on the sea bottom; an auxiliary anchor is further arranged below the bottom of the net cage, one end of the auxiliary anchor is fixed to the bottom of the net cage through an auxiliary anchor rope, and the other end of the auxiliary anchor is fixed to the sea bottom; a second floating rope is further arranged at the opening at the top of the net cage, and a shellfish culture mechanism is arranged on the second floating rope; the shellfish culture mechanism is a young shellfish domesticating mechanism, a young shellfish culture mechanism, a medium shellfish culture mechanism or a large shellfish culture mechanism.

Preferably, the net cage is cylindrical, the aperture of the net holes in the net cage is 5-10cm, and the cross section of the cylindrical net cage is circular, square or other polygons.

Preferably, the net cage is provided with a middle upper layer space and a lower layer space, the shellfish culture mechanism is positioned in the middle upper layer space, and a sea cucumber culture mechanism is arranged in the lower layer space of the net cage.

Preferably, the holothurian culture mechanism comprises a framework, a mesh bag and a connecting floating rope, wherein the mesh bag is wrapped outside the framework, and the framework is hung in the net cage through the connecting floating rope.

Preferably, a plurality of the second floating ropes are arranged in parallel with each other.

Preferably, a fixed pulley for moving the second floating rope and a movable pulley for adjusting the depth of the shellfish culture mechanism or the sea cucumber culture mechanism are respectively arranged at the junction of the second floating rope and the top opening of the net cage.

Preferably, a floating ball is further arranged on the second floating rope.

Preferably, the auxiliary anchor is a small fish reef which is of a square structure with a hollow part.

Preferably, the young shellfish domesticating mechanism at least comprises a mesh bag with a square space, a support frame and a connecting floating rope, the support frame is arranged on the periphery of the mesh bag, the support frame and the mesh bag are both positioned in the net cage, one end of the connecting floating rope is connected to the net cage, and the other end of the connecting floating rope is connected with the support frame.

Preferably, the juvenile shellfish culture mechanism comprises a framework, a first culture net, a connecting floating rope and a sheet cage, wherein the first culture net is wrapped outside the framework, the sheet cage is arranged in the framework at intervals, and the framework is hung and cultured in the net cage through the connecting floating rope.

Preferably, the medium shellfish breeding mechanism comprises a framework, a second breeding net, a hollowed-out partition plate, a hollowed-out movable metal plate and a connecting floating rope, the second breeding net is wrapped outside the framework, the hollowed-out partition plate is located in the middle of the framework and divides the framework into an upper layer space and a lower layer space, the hollowed-out movable metal plate is arranged in the upper layer space and the lower layer space inside the framework at intervals, and the framework is hung in the net cage through the connecting floating rope.

Preferably, the large shellfish breeding mechanism comprises a framework, a third breeding net, separation columns and a connecting floating rope, the third breeding net is wrapped outside the framework, the separation columns are arranged in the framework at intervals up and down, and the framework is hung in the net cage through the connecting floating rope.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the utility model relates to an ecological multiplication net cage for pearl shells on a far-sea island reef, which comprises a net cage, a main anchor, an auxiliary anchor (a small artificial fish reef), a buoy, a floating rope, an anchor rope, different types of hanging cage devices, namely a shellfish culture mechanism and a floating ball, and further comprises a sea cucumber culture mechanism, a fixed pulley and a movable pulley, wherein the net cage device and the culture method fully utilize the excellent ecological environment of the far-sea island reef, effectively reduce the probability of disease infection caused by the deterioration of culture water by improving the culture environment of the pearl shells, and simultaneously put tropical sea into the culture process to participate in herbivory or omnivory organisms so as to control the growth of attachments on the surfaces of the shellfish, further reasonably and efficiently utilize sea areas by utilizing the interaction between aquatic animals and plants at different nutrition levels, optimize the culture mode of the pearl shells and improve the survival rate of the pearl shells in the multiplication process;

(2) the ecological multiplication net cage for the pearl shells on the remote island reef is combined with the small artificial fish reef device, and has the fish swarm gathering effect to a certain extent while fixing the culture device; the net cage with the aperture of 5-10cm is used for preventing large fishes from entering, the phytophagous and omnivorous fishes can be fed by attached algae on the net cage, the attached organisms on the surfaces of the shellfish can be effectively controlled, and metabolites of the fishes can increase the types of floating organisms and marine algae in a culture area, so that rich bait is provided for the proliferation of the pearl oyster;

(3) according to the ecological proliferation net cage for the pearl shells on the offshore island reef, the sea cucumber culture mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the offshore culture net cage to proliferate tropical sea cucumbers, so that the growth amount of algae attached to the net cage can be controlled, and the net cage culture utilization rate can be improved;

(4) the ecological proliferation net cage of the pearl shells on the remote sea island reef is arranged in the remote sea, the daily water volume exchange is larger than that at the coastal shore, and the pearl shells are put in the device and managed in a grading way, so that the proliferation survival rate of the pearl shells and the utilization rate of the culture device are improved, and the ecological proliferation net cage is beneficial to the management of workers.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a proliferation cage in the method for ecologically proliferating the pearl shells of the remote sea island reef in example 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a proliferation cage in the method for ecologically proliferating the pearl shells of the remote sea reef island in example 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the sub-anchors (small fish reefs) of the ecological multiplication net cage for the open sea island in example 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a mechanism for cultivating young shellfish according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a shellfish farming facility in example 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a large shellfish culture mechanism according to example 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a sea cucumber culturing facility in example 1;

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the depth adjustment of the shellfish culture mechanism in the net cage according to example 1;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of a shellfish culture mechanism or a sea cucumber culture mechanism adjusted by a fixed pulley and a movable pulley in embodiment 1.

Detailed Description

Example 1

The ecological proliferation net cage of the pearl shells on the remote island reef, which is provided by the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2, comprises a net cage 1, wherein a first floating rope 2 is arranged along an opening at the top of the net cage 1, a buoy is arranged on the first floating rope 2, main anchors 3 are arranged around the net cage 1, one ends of the main anchors 3 are fixed on the first floating rope 1 through main anchor ropes 31, and the other ends of the main anchors are fixed on the sea bottom; an auxiliary anchor 4 is further arranged below the bottom of the net cage 1, one end of the auxiliary anchor 4 is fixed to the bottom of the net cage through an auxiliary anchor rope 41, and the other end of the auxiliary anchor 4 is fixed to the seabed; a second floating rope 5 is further arranged at the opening at the top of the net cage 1, and a shellfish culture mechanism 6 is arranged on the second floating rope 5; the shellfish culture mechanism is a young shellfish domesticating mechanism, a young shellfish culture mechanism, a medium shellfish culture mechanism or a large shellfish culture mechanism.

In the embodiment, the net cage 1 is cylindrical, and the aperture of the net holes in the net cage is 5-10 cm.

The net cage 1 is provided with a middle upper layer space and a lower layer space, the shellfish culture mechanism 6 is positioned in the middle upper layer space, and a sea cucumber culture mechanism 7 is arranged in the lower layer space of the net cage 1.

As shown in fig. 7, the holothurian culture mechanism 7 comprises a framework 71, a mesh bag and a connecting floating rope 10, wherein the mesh bag is wrapped outside the framework 71, and the framework 71 is hung in the net cage 1 through the connecting floating rope 10.

As shown in fig. 1, there are a plurality of the second buoyant ropes 5, and the plurality of the second buoyant ropes 5 are arranged in parallel with each other.

As shown in fig. 9, a fixed pulley 8 for moving the second floating rope and a movable pulley 9 for adjusting the depth of the shellfish culture mechanism or the holothurian culture mechanism are respectively arranged at the intersection of the second floating rope 5 and the top opening of the net cage 1.

As shown in fig. 8, the shellfish farming institution 6 is elevated to the top opening of the net cage 1.

And a floating ball is also arranged on the second floating rope 5.

As shown in fig. 9, the shellfish culture mechanism 6 is fixed on the second floating rope 5 and fixed on the movable pulley 9 on the first floating rope 2 of the net cage by the fixed rope 12, the sheet cage in the shellfish culture mechanism and the shellfish culture mechanism are fixed with the second floating rope 5 by the buckles, the fixed rope 12 passing through the movable pulley 9 is connected on the manual rotating shaft or the motor, the movable pulley 9 is used for lifting the whole suspension cage, the manpower is saved, and the replacement of the shellfish cage and the observation of the growth state of the big nacre are convenient.

As shown in fig. 3, the secondary anchor is a small fish reef, and the small fish reef is a square structure with a hollow part.

The young shellfish domesticating mechanism at least comprises a mesh bag with a square space, a support frame and a connecting floating rope, wherein the support frame is arranged on the periphery of the mesh bag, the support frame and the mesh bag are both positioned in the net cage, one end of the connecting floating rope is connected to the net cage, and the other end of the connecting floating rope is connected with the support frame.

As shown in fig. 4, the juvenile shellfish culturing mechanism includes a framework 61, a first culturing net, a connecting floating rope 10 and a sheet cage 62, the sheet cage 62 is arranged in the framework 61 at intervals, the first culturing net is wrapped outside the framework 61, and the framework 61 is suspended and cultured in the net cage 1 through the connecting floating rope 10.

As shown in fig. 5, the medium shellfish breeding mechanism includes a framework 61, a second breeding net, a hollow partition plate 63, a hollow movable metal plate 64 and a connecting floating rope 10, the second breeding net is wrapped outside the framework 61, the hollow partition plate 63 is located in the middle of the framework 61 and divides the interior of the framework 61 into an upper space and a lower space, the hollow movable metal plates 64 are arranged in the upper space and the lower space of the interior of the framework at intervals, and the framework 61 is suspended in the net cage 1 through the connecting floating rope 10.

As shown in fig. 6, the shellfish breeding mechanism includes a framework 61, a third breeding net, partition columns 65 and a connecting floating rope 10, the third breeding net is wrapped outside the framework 61, the partition columns 65 are arranged in the framework 61 at intervals up and down, and the framework 61 is hung in the net cage 1 through the connecting floating rope 10.

Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

the ecological multiplication net cage device for the far-sea island is arranged in an island near sea area with the water depth of 15-30m, and the aperture of meshes on the net cage 1 is 5-10 cm; the main anchor 3 is fixed on the first floating rope 2 through one side of the main anchor rope 31 to fix the net cage 1, and the auxiliary anchor 4 is fixed at the bottom of the net cage 1 through the auxiliary anchor rope 41; a circle of buoys are arranged along the net cage opening to keep the net cage buoyancy; the net cage opening is provided with a second parallel floating rope 5, the crossing place of the second parallel floating rope 5 and the net cage opening is respectively provided with a fixed pulley 8 (used for moving the parallel floating rope and placing a suspension cage) and a movable pulley 9 (used for adjusting the depth of a shellfish culture mechanism or a sea cucumber culture mechanism, as shown in figure 9), different types of shellfish culture mechanisms 6 such as culture suspension cages and the like are fixed on the second parallel floating rope 5, floating balls with different colors or shapes can be arranged on the floating rope 10 and used for distinguishing pearl shellfish or culture species in different growth periods, and the suspension culture depth is controlled by the length of the connecting floating rope of the shellfish culture mechanism 6 such as the suspension cage (as shown in figure 8). Different kinds of shellfish culture mechanisms 6 are arranged aiming at the pearl shells with different sizes.

The utility model provides the floating force needed by the proliferation net cage floating in the seawater by the floating pontoon; the main anchor 3 is connected with the first floating rope 2 through a main anchor rope 31, the main anchor 3 is thrown to the seabed, and the fixed form of an isolation net cage port (namely a proliferation net cage port) is maintained through the fixation of the main anchor 3; the auxiliary anchor 4 is connected below the bottom of the proliferation net cage, and the fixed shape of the bottom of the net cage is maintained through the auxiliary anchor 4, so that the net cage is prevented from generating large fluctuation along with ocean current.

The main anchor is two in this embodiment, evenly distributed in the both sides of box with a net.

The ecological multiplication net cage device for the remote sea island reef is generally arranged in an island reef adjacent sea area with the water depth of 15-30m, the main anchor 3 is fixed on the first floating rope 2 through one side of the main anchor rope 31 to fix the net cage, the auxiliary anchor 4 is fixed at the bottom of the net cage through the auxiliary anchor rope 41, and a circle of buoys are arranged along the net cage opening to keep the buoyancy of the net cage.

The aperture of the mesh on the net cage is 5-10cm, so that large carnivorous fishes are prevented from entering the net cage to prey on cultured shellfish.

Because of the existence of carnivorous fishes with sharp teeth such as parrots, globefish and the like in the natural sea area, the fishes can bite shells and eat shellfish meat, and the proliferation of big nacre is threatened, and by arranging the deep sea island proliferation device with the mesh diameter of 5-10cm, the predation of large enemy organisms can be effectively avoided.

In the embodiment, sea cucumbers are cultured in the bottom layer (lower layer space) of the net cage, and algae attached to the net cage is taken as food while proliferation is carried out, so that the attachments of the net cage are controlled.

In the embodiment, tropical sea cucumbers such as holothuria leucospilota, stichopus japonicus and the like are put in the bottom (lower layer space) of the open sea island reef culture net cage, and algae attached to the net cage is taken as food while proliferation is carried out, so that net cage attachments are controlled; the tropical sea cucumber proliferation is carried out while the growth of the algae attached to the net cage is controlled by the tropical sea cucumber, the utilization rate of the sea area is improved, and the investment of cultivation manpower and material resources is reduced.

Therefore, this embodiment device carries out the proliferation of tropical sea cucumber through set up the sea cucumber aquaculture mechanism in the ecological proliferation box with a net bottom in open sea island reef, not only can control the growth volume of adhering to the alga on the box with a net, can also improve box with a net aquaculture utilization ratio.

The sea cucumber culture mechanism is characterized in that a basic framework (which can be single-layer or multi-layer) is formed by metal materials with the length, width and height of 2, 0.4 and 1m, a metal support is wrapped by a mesh bag with the aperture of 1-1.5 cm at the outer layer, and the metal support is hung and cultured in the culture net cage at fixed points through floating ropes.

In this embodiment, the crossing place of the second floating rope and the port of the net cage, which are arranged in parallel, is respectively provided with a fixed pulley (for moving the second floating rope in parallel and placing the shellfish culture mechanism) and a movable pulley (for adjusting the depth of the shellfish culture mechanism), floating balls can be bound on the floating ropes at intervals, and the floating balls provide buoyancy for the floating ropes and the shellfish culture mechanism, such as a suspended culture cage. In addition, shellfish culture mechanisms of different types such as culture cages are fixed on the parallel second floating ropes, floating balls with different colors or shapes can be arranged on the second floating ropes and used for distinguishing pearl shells or cultured species in different growth periods, and the hanging culture depth can be controlled through the lengths of the floating ropes of the shellfish culture mechanisms such as the cages.

The auxiliary anchors in the embodiment are multiple and are uniformly distributed below the bottom of the net cage.

The vice anchor is small-size artificial fish reef in this embodiment, small-size artificial fish reef is for having the square structure of fretwork.

The small artificial fish reef in the ecological multiplication net cage of the offshore island reef has the effect of gathering fish school to a certain extent while fixing the multiplication net cage; the net cage with the aperture of 5-10cm is used for preventing large fishes from entering, the phytophagous and omnivorous fishes can be fed by attached algae on the net cage, the attached organisms on the surfaces of the shellfish can be effectively controlled, the metabolites of the fishes can increase the species of the floating organisms and marine algae in the culture area, and rich bait is provided for the proliferation of pearl shells or sea cucumbers.

The surfaces of the shells have a large amount of organisms attached to influence the growth activity of the pinctada maxima, the attached organisms are different from perforated sponges, barnacles, limestos, oysters and the like near the shore but are red algae, diatoms and sponges, wherein the red algae account for the majority, fish flocks are attracted through small fish reefs arranged on auxiliary anchors, and the main attached organisms on the surfaces of the pinctada maxima are controlled by herbivorous or omnivorous fishes so as to achieve the purpose of ecological culture.

Can be according to actual conditions, at first attract the fish to come through artificial fish reef, if the fish that attracts can't satisfy and clear away the attachment on the shellfish, still can further adopt the artifical mode of throwing in fish to clear away the attachment on the shellfish.

As shown in fig. 3, the algae in this embodiment are used to gather fish swarms through small artificial reefs (preferably, 50 × 50cm in size, hollow in the middle, made of cement), or to feed vegetarian or omnivorous fishes in the net cage, so as to control the attachment of shellfish on the surface.

The juvenile shellfish domesticating mechanism comprises: the polypropylene mesh grid is made into a square mesh bag with the side length of 30-50cm, the periphery of the mesh bag is supported by a support frame to provide living space for the young shellfish, the outer edge of the mesh bag is fixed in a floating rope fixing hole in the net cage by a floating rope, the aperture of the mesh bag is 1/3-1/5 of the height of the pearl shells, and the putting amount of the mesh bag is not more than 10% of the total volume of the culture mechanism.

The young shellfish (with shell height of about 5 mm) breeding mechanism comprises: the net bag cage is characterized in that a basic framework is formed by a metal net bag supporting frame with the length being 0.4 x 1m, the outer layer of the net bag supporting frame is coated with a screen to form a net bag cage, namely a piece cage, the net bag cage is placed into the net bag cage (namely the framework wrapped with a first breeding net), the piece cage is fixed by buckles at intervals of 10-30 cm, one side of a floating rope of the cage is fixed in a fixing hole at the top end of the cage, the other side of the floating rope of the cage is fixed to a second floating rope at the opening of the breeding net cage, and the hanging height is adjusted through the second floating rope.

Namely, the juvenile shellfish culture mechanism is formed by a basic framework made of metal materials with the length, width and height of 1, 0.4 and 1m, the outer layer is made of a net wrapped metal support with the hole diameter of 0.5-1.5 cm, culture sheet cages (with the length, height and diameter of 0.4 and 1m) are placed into the suspension cage every 10-30 cm, the metal plates are fixed through buckles, and the juvenile shellfish culture mechanism is suspended and cultured in the culture net cage at fixed points through second floating ropes, as shown in fig. 4.

The medium shellfish breeding mechanism is characterized in that a basic framework is formed by metal materials with the length, width and height of 2, 0.4 and 1m, the interior of the medium shellfish breeding mechanism is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer by hollow partition plates, each layer is spatially divided by hollow movable metal plates according to the distance of 10-30 cm (the distance can be adjusted according to the actual size of the shellfish), a fixing cage is fixed by buckles, and the medium shellfish breeding mechanism is hung and bred in a breeding net cage at fixed points through second floating ropes, as shown in fig. 5.

The large shellfish culture mechanism is characterized in that a basic framework is made of metal materials with the length and the width of 2 x 1m, the aperture of a net is 1/3-1/5 of the height of pearl shells, the putting amount of large shellfish 11 is not more than 10% of the total volume of the culture mechanism, one side of a floating rope of a suspension cage (namely the framework wrapped with a third culture net) is fixed in a fixing hole at the top end of the suspension cage, the other side of the floating rope is fixed on a second floating rope at the mouth of a culture net box, and the suspension culture height is adjusted through the second floating rope, as shown in figure 6.

According to the embodiment, the growth of shellfish surface attachments can be effectively controlled by using omnivorous fishes, the shellfish surface attachments have large influence on the growth of the shellfish in the period of young shellfish and medium shellfish, and the growth of the shellfish attachments can be further controlled by coating a layer of culture net on the outer side of the framework, so that the proliferation condition of the pearl shellfish can be further optimized.

The embodiment aims at the common problems in the proliferation process of the nacre, designs the ecological proliferation net cage suitable for the distal sea island reef of the nacre, and further optimizes the pearl shell proliferation and culture mode by utilizing the interaction among different nutrition levels of algae, shellfish, fish and sea cucumber.

Aiming at the problems that the survival rate is low, the requirement on culture water quality is high and the like in the conventional pearl oyster multiplication process, the embodiment designs a device suitable for ecological multiplication of the pearl oyster far-sea island reef; the cage device fully utilizes the excellent ecological environment of the island reef in the open sea, effectively reduces the probability of disease caused by deterioration of culture water by improving the culture environment of the pearl shells, and simultaneously puts in tropical sea to participate in herbivory or omnivory organisms in the culture process to control the growth of attachments on the surfaces of the shellfish, utilizes the interaction between aquatic animals and plants in different nutrition levels, further reasonably and efficiently utilizes the sea area, optimizes the culture mode of the pearl shells and improves the survival rate in the proliferation process.

Aiming at the main problems existing in the offshore coastal breeding of the pearl oyster at present, the death rate in the breeding process of the pearl oyster is effectively reduced by designing the ecological breeding equipment of the far-sea island reef of the pearl oyster, and the equipment in the embodiment has the advantages of breeding fixed-point throwing, avoiding the damage of large-scale enemy organisms, controlling shellfish surface attachments by using phytophagous and omnivorous organisms such as mullets and the like, and improving the far-sea breeding efficiency of the pearl oyster; tropical sea cucumbers such as holothuria leucospilota, apostichopus japonicus and the like are put in the bottom of the open sea island reef culture net cage, and the tropical sea cucumbers are proliferated while the growth of the algae attached to the net cage is controlled by the tropical sea cucumbers, so that the utilization rate of sea areas is improved, and the investment of culture manpower and material resources is reduced; the interaction between aquatic animals and plants with different nutrition levels is utilized to improve the comprehensive culture benefit; the stability of the ecological environment of the remote sea island reef is maintained during the propagation process, and important practical experience is provided for the green development of the aquaculture industry.

The above embodiments illustrate various embodiments of the present invention in detail, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can achieve the objectives of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention, and any modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. An ecological multiplication net cage of pearl shells on a remote sea island reef, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a net cage, wherein a first floating rope is arranged along an opening at the top of the net cage, a floating barrel is arranged on the first floating rope, main anchors are arranged around the net cage, one end of each main anchor is fixed on the first floating rope through a main anchor rope, and the other end of each main anchor is fixed on the sea bottom; an auxiliary anchor is further arranged below the bottom of the net cage, one end of the auxiliary anchor is fixed to the bottom of the net cage through an auxiliary anchor rope, and the other end of the auxiliary anchor is fixed to the sea bottom; a second floating rope is further arranged at the opening at the top of the net cage, and a shellfish culture mechanism is arranged on the second floating rope; the shellfish culture mechanism is a young shellfish domesticating mechanism, a young shellfish culture mechanism, a medium shellfish culture mechanism or a large shellfish culture mechanism.

2. The ecological proliferation net cage of the remote island reef pearl oyster of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the net cage is cylindrical, the aperture of meshes on the net cage is 5-10cm, and the cross section of the cylindrical net cage is circular, square or other polygons.

3. The ecological proliferation net cage of the remote island reef pearl oyster of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the net cage is provided with a middle upper layer space and a lower layer space, the shellfish culture mechanism is positioned in the middle upper layer space, and a sea cucumber culture mechanism is arranged in the lower layer space of the net cage.

4. The ecological multiplication net cage of the remote island reef pearl oyster of claim 3, which is characterized in that: the sea cucumber culture mechanism comprises a framework, a mesh bag and a connecting floating rope, wherein the mesh bag is wrapped outside the framework, and the framework is hung in the net cage through the connecting floating rope.

5. The ecological multiplication net cage of the remote island reef pearl shells according to claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that: the floating rope device is provided with a plurality of second floating ropes which are arranged in parallel.

6. The ecological multiplication net cage of the remote island reef pearl oyster of claim 5, which is characterized in that: and a fixed pulley for moving the second floating rope and a movable pulley for adjusting the depth of the shellfish culture mechanism or the sea cucumber culture mechanism are respectively arranged at the intersection of the second floating rope and the top opening of the net cage.

7. The ecological multiplication net cage of the remote island reef pearl oyster of claim 6, which is characterized in that: and a floating ball is also arranged on the second floating rope.

8. The ecological proliferation net cage of the remote island reef pearl shells according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the auxiliary anchor is a small fish reef which is of a square structure with a hollow part.

9. The ecological proliferation net cage of the remote island reef pearl shells according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the young shellfish domesticating mechanism at least comprises a mesh bag with a square space, a support frame and a connecting floating rope, wherein the support frame is arranged at the periphery of the mesh bag, the support frame and the mesh bag are both positioned in the net cage, one end of the connecting floating rope is connected to the net cage, and the other end of the connecting floating rope is connected with the support frame; the juvenile shellfish culture mechanism comprises a framework, a first culture net, a connecting floating rope and a piece cage, wherein the first culture net is wrapped outside the framework, the piece cage is arranged in the framework at intervals, and the framework is hung and cultured in the net cage through the connecting floating rope.

10. The ecological proliferation net cage of the remote island reef pearl shells according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the medium shellfish breeding mechanism comprises a framework, a second breeding net, a hollowed-out partition plate, a hollowed-out movable metal plate and a connecting floating rope, wherein the second breeding net is wrapped outside the framework, the hollowed-out partition plate is positioned in the middle of the framework and divides the interior of the framework into an upper layer space and a lower layer space, the hollowed-out movable metal plate is arranged in the upper layer space and the lower layer space in the framework at intervals, and the framework is hung in the net cage through the connecting floating rope; the large shellfish breeding mechanism comprises a framework, a third breeding net, partition columns and a connecting floating rope, wherein the third breeding net is wrapped outside the framework, the partition columns are arranged in the framework at intervals from top to bottom, and the framework is hung in the net cage through the connecting floating rope.

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