Automatic fertilizer injection unit of micro-irrigation system
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of water-saving irrigation, and particularly relates to an automatic fertilizing device of a micro-irrigation system.
Background
With the development of modern agricultural technology, the micro-irrigation technology has larger and larger use area in field agricultural production, and a water and fertilizer integration technology which integrates irrigation and fertilization based on the micro-irrigation technology is widely applied.
Chinese patent CN209572420U discloses a self-controlled differential pressure fertilizing tank, which has the working principle that two by-pass pipes of the differential pressure fertilizing tank are connected with a main pipe of a micro-irrigation system, and a check valve is arranged between the connection points of the two by-pass pipes on the main pipe of the micro-irrigation system to generate a pressure difference. When fertilizer is needed to be applied, water-soluble solid fertilizer is added into the differential pressure fertilization tank, the differential pressure fertilization tank is closed by covering, a water injection valve connected with the main pipeline of the differential pressure fertilization tank is opened, the fertilizer is dissolved by injecting water into the fertilization tank from a water inlet of the differential pressure fertilization tank by virtue of pressure difference generated by two bypass pipes of the differential pressure fertilization tank, and the fertilizer is dissolved into liquid or fertilizer liquid with partial solid particles after being dissolved is injected into an irrigation pipe network of the micro-irrigation system under the action of water pressure through a water outlet connected with the main pipeline. The fertilizer liquid entering the main pipeline is conveyed to the water outlet hole along with the water flow all the time and enters the soil, and reaches the roots of the plants together with the water to realize fertilization.
However, this design has the following problems and disadvantages: 1. the solid fertilizer particles are not fully dissolved, and an outlet pipeline is easily blocked; 2. the fertilizer in the fertilizer tank is applied at an excessively high speed, and the fertilizer is not fully dissolved in water in the water transportation process, so that a large amount of fertilizer particles are accumulated in a micro-irrigation pipe at the tail end of the micro-irrigation system, and the condition of uneven fertilization is formed; 3. only a small amount of fertilizer can be added into the fertilizer tank once, and under the condition of large system management area, the manual multiple fertilizer addition is needed, so that the manual investment is large, and the labor cost is high.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides an automatic fertilizing device of a micro-irrigation system, and the technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: mainly including main pipe irrigation (17), fertilization jar (1), rabbling mechanism (4), rabbling mechanism motor (7), notes fertile pump (10), liquid manure pipe (12) and control mechanism (13), its characterized in that: the fertilizer applying tank (1) is provided with a net barrel (2) and a fertilizer applying mechanism (8), the stirring mechanism (4) and the net barrel (2) are arranged in the fertilizer applying tank (1), the water and fertilizer pipe (12) is arranged between the main irrigation pipeline (17) and the net barrel (2) in the fertilizer applying tank (1), the fertilizer injecting pump (10) is arranged in a pipeline of the water and fertilizer pipe (12), the control mechanism (13) comprises a main controller, the signal input end of the main controller is at least provided with a liquid level sensor, and the liquid level sensor is arranged in the fertilizer applying tank (1) and acquires liquid level information of the fertilizer applying tank (1); the signal output end of the main controller is at least provided with a motor driving controller which at least controls the operation of a motor (7) of the stirring mechanism.
Furthermore, the signal input end of the main controller is preferably provided with a flow sensor and a pressure sensor, the flow sensor is arranged in the main irrigation pipeline (17) and/or the water and fertilizer pipe (12) and acquires flow information of the main irrigation pipeline (17) and/or the water and fertilizer pipe (12), the main controller can control the operation of the fertilizer injection pump motor according to the flow information of the main irrigation pipeline (17), and further the flow of the water and fertilizer pipe (12) is adjusted, so that proportional fertilizer supply is realized.
Further, the control mechanism is preferably provided with a remote communication control module (20), through which the remote PC terminal or the mobile communication terminal can be controlled, and the program communication control module can be in a wireless mode or a wired mode, and preferably is in a wireless mode.
Further, the fertilizer injection pump (10) is preferably a hose pump, a pulse quantity sensor (11) is arranged on the fertilizer injection pump (10), and a buffer mechanism (21) and/or an electric contact pressure gauge are/is arranged on a water fertilizer pipe (12) behind the fertilizer injection pump (10).
Further, the above-mentioned fertilizer application mechanism (8) is preferably: set up in the concave basket on fertilization jar (1) upper portion, the lower part of concave basket is the screen cloth form, after fertilizer drops into, can prevent that fertilizer from sinking into the bottom of fertilization jar (1) fast, influences fertilizer and dissolves to fertilizer dissolves through pivoted rivers in concave basket in to the aquatic, dissolves fully and can prevent that non-soluble material from getting into fertilization jar (1).
Furthermore, the fertilization tank (1) is preferably provided with an independent water inlet pipe (9) and a first valve, and the water inlet pipe (9) is communicated with the fertilization tank (1) and is also provided with a branch pipe and a second valve which are communicated with the fertilizer feeding mechanism (8).
Furthermore, the fertilizer feeding mechanism (8) is preferably provided with a weighing mechanism, fertilizer can be quantitatively fed into the concave basket through the weighing mechanism, the control mechanism (13) calculates the added water quantity and fertilizer feeding quantity of the fertilizer tank (1) according to the data of the liquid level sensor, and then fertilizer can be quantitatively fed into the fertilizer feeding mechanism (8) according to the added water quantity, so that the consistency of the proportion of the fertilizer water in the fertilizer tank (1) can be ensured.
Furthermore, the net barrel (2) is preferably a rotary net barrel, the net barrel (2) is driven to rotate during work through a net barrel motor (6), and a cleaning brush (3) is arranged on the side edge of the rotary net barrel.
Furthermore, the fertilizing tank (1) is provided with a trash discharging port (23), and the trash discharging port (23) is provided with a fifth valve and is preferably arranged at the lower part of the net barrel (2).
Furthermore, a branch pipe (16) connected with the main irrigation pipe (17) is preferably arranged in the pipeline of the fertilizer water pipe (12) in the front of the fertilizer injection pump (10), a fourth valve (15) is arranged in the pipeline of the branch pipe (16), and a third valve (14) is arranged between the fertilizer water pipe (12) in the front of the branch pipe (16) and the fertilizer injection pump (10).
Further, the first valve to the fifth valve are solenoid valves or electric valves.
Still further, the third valve (14) is preferably a proportional solenoid valve.
According to the utility model, the solid fertilizer is fully dissolved and uniformly stirred and is added into the irrigation system in real time, so that the fertilizer injection speed can be well adjusted and controlled, the fertilizer is fully dissolved when entering the irrigation system, the possibility of blocking a water outlet of the irrigation system is greatly reduced, the fertilizer can be used for multiple times of fertilizer injection once, the labor intensity of the fertilization and nursing can be greatly reduced, especially, the remote control can be carried out, and the automation degree of the fertilization of the micro-irrigation system is greatly improved.
Drawings
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the control mechanism (13) in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fertilization tank in a top view in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a side view of a fertilization tank in embodiment 2 of the utility model.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a control mechanism in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Shown in the attached drawings: fertilization jar 1, net bucket 2, cleaning brush 3, rabbling mechanism 4, liquid level display meter 5, net bucket motor 6, rabbling mechanism motor 7, fertilizer throwing mechanism 8, inlet tube 9, annotate fertile pump 10, pulse quantity sensor 11, liquid manure pipe 12, control mechanism 13, third valve 14, fourth valve 15, minute pipe 16, irrigation trunk 17, first flowmeter 18, second flowmeter 19, remote communication control module 20, buffer gear 21, baffle 22, arrange miscellaneous mouthful 23.
Detailed Description
Example 1: reference is made to fig. 1 to 3, which are schematic structural views of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides an automatic fertilizing device of a micro-irrigation system, and the technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: including irrigation trunk line 17, fertilization jar 1, rabbling mechanism 4, rabbling mechanism motor 7, annotate fertile pump 10, liquid manure pipe 12 and control mechanism 13, there are net bucket 2 and fertilizer throwing mechanism 8 at fertilization jar 1, rabbling mechanism 4 and net bucket 2 set up in fertilization jar 1, fertilizer throwing mechanism 8 preferably set up in the concave basket on fertilization jar 1 upper portion, the lower part of concave basket is the screen cloth form, after fertilizer drops into, can prevent that fertilizer from sinking the bottom of fertilization jar 1 fast, influences the fertilizer and dissolves to fertilizer dissolves through pivoted rivers in concave basket, dissolves fully and can prevent that non-soluble material from getting into fertilization jar 1.
Further, fertilization jar 1 set up independent inlet tube 9 and first valve to, inlet tube 9 is equipped with branch pipe and the second valve that is linked together with throwing fertile mechanism 8 when fertilizer jar 1 intercommunication.
Further, the fertilizer feeding mechanism 8 is preferably provided with a weighing mechanism, fertilizer can be quantitatively fed into the concave basket through the weighing mechanism, the control mechanism 13 calculates the added water quantity and the fertilizer feeding quantity of the fertilizer tank 1 according to the data of the liquid level sensor, and then fertilizer can be quantitatively fed into the fertilizer feeding mechanism 8 according to the added water quantity, so that the consistency of the fertilizer-water ratio in the fertilizer tank 1 can be ensured.
Furthermore, the net barrel 2 is a rotary net barrel, the net barrel 2 is driven to rotate during working through the net barrel motor 6, the cleaning brush 3 is arranged on the side edge of the rotary net barrel, the impurity discharging port 23 is arranged on the lower portion of the fertilizing tank 1, the impurity discharging port 23 is provided with a fifth valve and is arranged on the lower portion of the net barrel 2, and impurities cleaned on the net barrel 2 can be discharged preferentially.
Further, fertile pipe 12 sets up between the net bucket 2 in irrigation main pipe 17 and the fertilization jar 1, can prevent that impurity from getting into irrigation system along with the rich water that pours into irrigation system into, fertile pump 10 of notes set up in fertile pipe 12 pipeline, be equipped with the branch pipe 16 that is connected with irrigation main pipe 17 through the tee bend in the anterior fertile pipe 12 pipeline of liquid of notes fertile pump 10 to, be equipped with fourth valve 15 in the 16 pipelines of this branch pipe, simultaneously, should be in charge of 16 anterior fertile pipes 12 of liquid and annotate and be equipped with third valve 14 between fertile pump 10.
The main irrigation pipe 17 is provided with a first flowmeter 18, the water and fertilizer pipe 12 is provided with a second flowmeter 19, and the control mechanism can adjust the flow of the water and fertilizer pipe 12 in real time according to the acquired flow information of the main irrigation pipe 17 and/or the water and fertilizer pipe 12, so that real-time proportional fertilization is realized.
The control mechanism (13) comprises a main controller, a signal input end of the main controller is provided with a liquid level sensor, a flow sensor and a pressure sensor, the liquid level sensor is arranged in the fertilization tank 1 and acquires liquid level information of the fertilization tank 1, and if the liquid level is low, the main controller sends an instruction to replenish water and add fertilizer through the fertilizer adding mechanism 8;
this embodiment flow sensor sets up in irrigation main pipe 17 and acquires irrigation main pipe 17's flow information, and main control unit then annotates the operation of fertile pump motor according to irrigation main pipe 17's flow information control, and then adjusts the flow of liquid manure pipe 12, realizes that the proportion gives fertile.
The signal output end of the main controller is provided with a motor driving controller, an alarm and a valve controller.
The motor drive controller respectively controls the operation of the stirring mechanism motor 7 and the mesh bucket motor 6, and after the fertilizer is added and fully dissolved, the stirring mechanism motor 7 can operate intermittently.
Further, the control mechanism is provided with a remote communication control module 20, which can control a remote PC terminal or a mobile communication terminal, and the program communication control module may be in a wireless mode or a wired mode, and the embodiment is preferably in a wireless mode.
Further, the fertilizer injection pump 10 of the present embodiment is preferably a hose pump, and the fertilizer injection pump 10 is provided with a pulse quantity sensor 11, the fertilizer pipe 12 behind the fertilizer injection pump 10 is provided with a buffer mechanism 21, and the second flow meter 19 can be replaced by an electric contact pressure gauge. The damping mechanism 21 in this embodiment is a pulse damper, also called a surge tank, which is a chamber for storing gas, and the compressible property of the gas is used to damp the incompressible fluid pulse. When the system pressure rises, the medium compresses gas to enter the buffer pulser; when the system pressure drops, the compressed gas expands and forces the medium back into the line. The pulse damper with the proper type can reduce 90% or more pulses of the system, enable the conveying liquid to generate a state close to laminar flow, and properly reduce the diameter of a pipeline, thereby reducing the installation cost.
Further, the first to fifth valves are solenoid valves, or may be electrically operated valves, and the opening and closing of the solenoid valves or the electrically operated valves are controlled by a valve controller.
Further, the third valve 14 is preferably a proportional solenoid valve or a proportional motor-operated valve, and the flow rate can be controlled directly by the opening degree of the proportional solenoid valve or the proportional motor-operated valve, which is more simple and practical.
Example 2: referring to fig. 4, which is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2 of the present invention, in this embodiment, the liquid level indicator 5 is disposed outside the net barrel 2.
Example 3: referring to fig. 5, which is a schematic structural diagram of a control mechanism system according to embodiment 3 of the present invention, in this embodiment, the main controller is a PLC controller, and controls the operation of the fertilization pump 10 through a frequency converter according to information of a pulse measurement sensor, and performs PID closed-loop regulation control on the fertilization pump 10, so as to improve the stability of the system operation, and meanwhile, a 485 interface is connected to a touch screen to display the system operation and input commands and parameters, and a remote data transmission module is connected to a remote PC or a communication terminal to perform real-time monitoring.
In this embodiment, the second flow meter 19 is replaced by an electric contact pressure gauge, and the flow of the fertilizer injection pump 10 is adjusted by measuring the pressure value at the rear end of the fertilizer pipe 12.
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is not limited to the above embodiments, and the present invention has strong adaptability and best implementation effect, and can meet the requirements of different situations by adding or removing unnecessary technical features according to the actual needs, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.