CN216586372U

CN216586372U - Floating breakwater and its component unit

Info

Publication number: CN216586372U
Application number: CN202122433917.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐幸; 杜斌; 窦仁军; 赵书恒; 王玉琨
Original assignee: Huainan Yangguang Floating Body Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Huainan Sunshine Water Surface Photovoltaic Technology Co ltd; Sunshine Water Surface Photovoltaic Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-09
Filing date: 2021-10-09
Publication date: 2022-05-24
Anticipated expiration: 2031-10-09

Abstract

The utility model discloses a floating breakwater and a composition unit thereof, wherein the composition unit of the floating breakwater comprises: the back wave surface of one of the two adjacent floating bodies is opposite to the wave-facing surface of the other one of the two adjacent floating bodies, and the two adjacent floating bodies are connected. The whole constituent unit is formed by at least two floating bodies, so that compared with the prior art, the cost is effectively reduced; moreover, larger waves can be reflected and weakened more than twice, the wave damping device has the capability of further weakening the waves, and the wave damping effect is effectively improved. Therefore, the floating breakwater component unit provided by the utility model improves the wave-absorbing effect and reduces the cost.

Description

Floating breakwater and its component unit

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of offshore protection engineering, in particular to a floating breakwater and a composition unit thereof.

Background

The breakwater is an important offshore protection engineering structure, has the functions of weakening and resisting waves, and can protect the safety of the offshore structure in a water area. At present, the floating breakwater widens the application range of the breakwater, has the advantages of low engineering cost, simple construction, convenient arrangement, no need of foundation treatment, allowance of water quality exchange and the like, can be widely applied to deep harbors, offshore enclosures, artificial bathing beaches, yacht docks, aquaculture bases, military harbors and the like, and has wide application prospects and huge market spaces in the fields of national economy, civil life and national defense safety.

The floating breakwater mainly comprises a component unit and a mooring system, and waves are eliminated through the interaction of the component unit and the waves. According to the wave-absorbing principle, the floating breakwater is divided into a wave energy reflection type floating breakwater, a wave energy loss type floating breakwater and a reflection-loss mixed type floating breakwater. In the aspects of manufacturing cost and manufacturing difficulty, the wave energy reflection type floating breakwater is lower, so that the wave energy reflection type floating breakwater is more popularized.

The wave energy reflection type floating breakwater mainly attenuates wave energy through reflection and friction, and the component units of the wave energy reflection type floating breakwater mainly comprise a box-shaped breakwater, and the box-shaped breakwater is in a cuboid shape. If meet great wave, then need increase the volume of box floating pontoon, just can satisfy the wave-absorbing effect, lead to the cost of manufacture higher, the degree of difficulty of design and construction also great, unsatisfied cost reduction and benefit's requirement.

In summary, how to design the components of the floating breakwater to improve the wave-absorbing effect and reduce the cost is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above, the present invention provides a floating breakwater unit to improve the wave-absorbing effect and reduce the cost. It is another object of the present invention to provide a floating breakwater including the above-mentioned constituent units.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

a floating breakwater unit comprising: the back wave surface of one of the two adjacent floating bodies is opposite to the wave-facing surface of the other one of the two adjacent floating bodies, and the two adjacent floating bodies are connected.

Optionally, at least one of the floats is a profiled float; the heterotypic body includes: the floating body is fixed on the upper part of the floating body;

the breakwater is positioned between the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the floating body, and the distance between the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the breakwater is smaller than the distance between the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the floating body.

Optionally, the number of the breakwaters is at least two, the distribution direction of any two of the breakwaters is the same as the distribution direction of the head-on wave surface and the back-off wave surface in each of the breakwaters, and a gap is formed between any two of the breakwaters.

Optionally, a first preset distance is provided between the wave-facing surface of the breakwater close to the wave-facing surface of the floating body and the wave-facing surface of the floating body.

Optionally, a second preset distance is provided between the back wave surface of the dam close to the back wave surface of the floating body and the back wave surface of the floating body.

Optionally, a first preset distance is formed between the wave-facing surface of the breakwater close to the wave-facing surface of the floating body and the wave-facing surface of the floating body, and the first preset distance is equal to the second preset distance.

Optionally, the wave back surface of the breakwater is parallel to the wave back surface of the floating body, and/or the wave facing surface of the breakwater is parallel to the wave facing surface of the floating body.

Optionally, the wave-facing side of at least one of the breakwaters and the wave-facing side of the floating body form an inclined-surface step structure or a curved-surface step structure.

Optionally, the curved step structure protrudes towards the bottom side of the floating body.

Optionally, the cross section of the special-shaped floating body is of an axisymmetrical structure.

Optionally, the dam and the floating body are both cuboid.

Optionally, the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the breakwater are sequentially distributed along the width direction of the breakwater, and the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the floating body are sequentially distributed along the width direction of the floating body.

Optionally, the end surface of the dam in the length direction is flush with the end surface of the floating body in the length direction.

Optionally, at least one of the floats is a box-type float, and/or at least one of the floats is a U-shaped float.

Optionally, if at least one floating body is a box-type floating body and at least one floating body is a special-shaped floating body, at least one special-shaped floating body is positioned on the wave-facing side of the box-type floating body;

if at least one floating body is a U-shaped floating body and at least one floating body is a special-shaped floating body, the at least one special-shaped floating body is positioned on the wave-facing side of the U-shaped floating body.

Optionally, at least two of the floats are the profile floats;

at least one floating body is a box-shaped floating body, and the special-shaped floating bodies are symmetrically distributed around the box-shaped floating body; or at least one floating body is a U-shaped floating body, and the special-shaped floating bodies are symmetrically distributed around the U-shaped floating body.

Optionally, the wave-facing surface and the back wave surface of the floating body are sequentially distributed along the width direction of the floating body, and the end surfaces of any two floating bodies in the length direction are flush.

Optionally, the buoyant body is provided with a mooring connector for connection to a mooring system.

The utility model provides a component unit of a floating breakwater, which comprises at least two floating bodies, wherein the back wave surface of one of the two adjacent floating bodies is opposite to the wave-facing surface of the other one of the two adjacent floating bodies, and the two adjacent floating bodies are connected, so that the whole component unit is formed by the at least two floating bodies, and compared with the prior art, the cost is effectively reduced; moreover, larger waves can be reflected and weakened more than twice, the wave damping device has the capability of further weakening the waves, and the wave damping effect is effectively improved. Therefore, the floating breakwater component unit provided by the utility model improves the wave-absorbing effect and reduces the cost.

Based on the above-mentioned component units of the floating breakwater, the utility model also provides the floating breakwater, which comprises a plurality of component units connected in sequence, wherein the component units are any one of the above-mentioned component units.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a unit of a floating breakwater according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the structure shown in FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is another schematic structural diagram of a component unit of a floating breakwater according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a component unit of a floating breakwater according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the structure shown in FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of a component unit of a floating breakwater according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the profiled floating body in fig. 1, 2, 4 and 5;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a component unit of a floating breakwater according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is another schematic structural diagram of a component unit of a floating breakwater according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a unit of a floating breakwater according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is another schematic structural diagram of a unit of a floating breakwater according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the profile float of fig. 8-11;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a unit of a floating breakwater according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of the shaped floating body of FIG. 13;

fig. 15 is another schematic structural diagram of a unit of the floating breakwater according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view of the shaped floating body of FIG. 15;

fig. 17 is another schematic structural diagram of a unit of a floating breakwater according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic structural view of the shaped floating body of FIG. 17;

fig. 19 is another structural view of a unit cell of the floating breakwater according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic structural view of the shaped floating body of FIG. 19;

fig. 21 is a schematic structural view of a unit of a floating breakwater according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic structural view of the shaped floating body of FIG. 21;

fig. 23 is another structural view of a constituent unit of a floating breakwater according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a schematic structural view of the shaped floating body of FIG. 23;

fig. 25 is another schematic structural view of a unit of the floating breakwater according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 26 is a schematic structural view of the shaped float of FIG. 25;

fig. 27 is another schematic structural view of a unit cell of the floating breakwater according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 28 is a schematic structural view of the shaped floating body of FIG. 27;

fig. 29 is a schematic structural view of a unit cell of a floating breakwater according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 30 is a schematic structural view of a unit of a floating breakwater according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention;

figure 31 is a schematic structural view of the shaped float of figures 29 and 30;

fig. 32 is a schematic structural view of a floating breakwater according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 33 is another schematic structural diagram of a floating breakwater according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, fig. 8 to 11, fig. 13, fig. 15, fig. 17, fig. 19, fig. 21, fig. 23, fig. 25, fig. 27, fig. 29, and fig. 30, a floating breakwater according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the back wave surface of one of the two adjacent floating bodies is opposite to the wave-facing surface of the other one of the two adjacent floating bodies, and the two adjacent floating bodies are connected.

It should be noted that, two adjacent floating bodies are a first floating body and a second floating body respectively, the wave-facing surface of the first floating body is far away from the second floating body, the back wave-facing surface of the first floating body is close to the second floating body, the wave-facing surface of the first floating body is opposite to the wave-facing surface of the second floating body, and the wave-facing surface of the second floating body is far away from the first floating body. In fig. 2, 5, 8-11, 29 and 30, the curves represent the water surface and the arrowed lines represent the wave direction.

The floating breakwater component unit provided by the embodiment comprises at least two floating bodies, the back wave surface of one of the two adjacent floating bodies is opposite to the wave-facing surface of the other floating body, and the two adjacent floating bodies are connected, so that the whole component unit is formed by the at least two floating bodies, and compared with the prior art, the cost is effectively reduced; moreover, larger waves can be reflected and weakened more than twice, the wave damping device has the capability of further weakening the waves, and the wave damping effect is effectively improved. Therefore, the floating breakwater component unit provided by the utility model improves the wave-absorbing effect and reduces the cost.

In the practical application process, the number and the size of the floating bodies can be adjusted according to the wave conditions to adjust the wave-absorbing effect so as to prevent waves from crossing the whole structure.

The specific structure of the floating body is selected according to actual needs. For example, each float may be a box float 12 or a U-shaped float 14, or at least one float may be a box float 12 and at least one float may be a U-shaped float 14.

It is understood that the box-shaped floating body 12 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and may have a solid structure or a hollow structure. Compared with the box-shaped floating body 12, the U-shaped floating body 14 reduces manufacturing materials and reduces cost. When severe sea conditions are met, the wave-absorbing effect can be improved by increasing the number of the U-shaped floating bodies 14.

In order to further improve the wave-absorbing effect and further reduce the cost, the at least one floating body can be selected to be a special-shaped floating body 11.

Specifically, the above-mentioned shaped floating body 11 includes: a floating body 111, at least one bank 112 fixed to the top of the floating body 111; the breakwater 112 is located between the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the floating body 111, and the distance between the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the breakwater 112 is smaller than the distance between the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the floating body 111.

In the above-mentioned special-shaped floating body 11, there may be one or more than two breakwaters 112, and if there are more than two breakwaters 112, the distribution direction of any two breakwaters 112 may be selected to be the same as the distribution direction of the front and back wave surfaces in each breakwater 112. Specifically, a gap is provided between two adjacent banks 112 or two adjacent banks 112 contact or connect. In order to improve the wave-damping effect, a gap may be selected between two adjacent banks 112.

In practice, the number and size of the floating body bodies 111 and the number and size of the breakwaters 112 may be adjusted according to wave conditions to adjust the wave damping effect to prevent waves from crossing the overall structure.

In order to simplify installation and facilitate manufacturing, the floating body 111 and the bank 112 may be selected to have an integrated structure. Of course, the floating body 111 and the bank 112 may be of a separate structure, and are not limited to the above embodiment.

In the above-described special-shaped floating body 11, the position of the bank 112 on the floating body 111 is selected according to actual needs. Specifically, a first preset distance may be selected between the wave-facing surface of the bank 112, which is close to the wave-facing surface of the floater body 111, and the wave-facing surface of the floater body 111. The breakwater 112 adjacent to the wave-facing side of the floater body 111 may be referred to as a wave-facing breakwater, i.e., a first predetermined distance is provided between the wave-facing side of the wave-facing breakwater and the wave-facing side of the floater body 111. The specific value of the first preset distance is set according to actual needs, which is not limited in this embodiment.

Specifically, it is also possible to select a second preset distance between the back wave surface of the bank 112 near the back wave surface of the floating body 111 and the back wave surface of the floating body 111.

It is understood that the breakwater 112 adjacent to the back wave surface of the floating body 111 may be referred to as a back wave breakwater, and there is a second predetermined distance between the back wave surface of the back wave breakwater and the back wave surface of the floating body 111. When there is one bank 112, the back wave bank and the head wave bank are the same bank. The specific value of the second preset distance is selected according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not limit this.

The first preset distance and the second preset distance may be equal or different. Preferably, the first preset distance and the second preset distance are equal. In this case, if there is one bank 112, the bank 112 is located at the middle of the floating body 11.

In practical application, the back wave surface of the breakwater 112 close to the back wave surface of the floating body 111 may be flush with the back wave surface of the floating body 111, or the front wave surface of the breakwater 112 close to the front wave surface of the floating body 111 may be flush with the front wave surface of the floating body 111.

In the above-described special-shaped floating body 11, the wave-facing surface of the bank 112 and the wave-facing surface of the floating body 111 are parallel or inclined with respect to each other. Accordingly, the back wave surface of the bank 112 and the back wave surface of the floating body 111 are parallel or inclined with respect to each other. In order to improve the wave-breaking effect, the wave-facing surface of the dam 112 and the wave-facing surface of the floating body 111 may be selected to be parallel, and the back wave-facing surface of the dam 112 and the back wave-facing surface of the floating body 111 are selected to be parallel.

In order to improve the wave-breaking effect, the wave-facing side of at least one of the breakwaters 112 and the wave-facing side of the floating body 111 may be selected to form a slope step structure 113 or a curved step structure 114. Thus, the capacity of breaking waves is improved, and the impact force of the waves on the floating breakwater is also reduced.

It is understood that the wave-facing side of the bank 112, the wave-facing side of the floating body 111, and the step surface form the inclined stepped structure 113 or the curved stepped structure 114.

If the wave-facing surface of the breakwater 112, the wave-facing surface of the floating body 111 and the step surface form an inclined-surface step structure 113, the step surface is an inclined surface, or the step surface and the wave-facing surface of the breakwater 112 are both inclined surfaces; if the wave-facing surface of the bank 112, the wave-facing surface of the floating body 111, and the step surface form a curved step structure 114, the step surface is a curved surface, or both the step surface and the wave-facing surface of the bank 112 are curved surfaces.

The inclination angle of the step surface of the inclined step structure 113 is selected according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not limit this.

In the curved surface step structure 114, a step surface of the curved surface step structure 114 is a curved surface, and for convenience of installation, the step surface of the curved surface step structure 114 may be an arc surface. The step surface of the curved step structure 114 may protrude toward the bottom side of the floating body 111 or may protrude toward the top side of the floating body 111. In order to improve the wave-absorbing effect, the steps of the curved step structure 114 may be selected to protrude toward the bottom side of the floating body 111, as shown in fig. 20, 28 and 31.

Specifically, the number of steps of the inclined step structure 113 may be one or more, and is selected according to actual needs. As shown in fig. 12, 16, 18, 24, and 26, the number of steps of the slope step structure 113 is one. The number of the steps of the curved step structure 114 may be one or more than two, and is selected according to actual needs. As shown in fig. 20, 28 and 31, the number of steps of the curved stepped structure 114 is one

In practical application, the wave-facing side of the dam 112 and the wave-facing side of the floating body 111, which are close to the wave-facing side of the floating body 111, may be selected to form the slope step structure 113 or the curved step structure 114.

In the above structure, if there are more than two banks 112 and there is a gap between two adjacent banks 112, the height of the floating body 111 at the gap may be selected to be smaller than the height of the lower end of the lowest slope in the slope step structure 113 in order to reduce the material consumption.

In order to simplify the installation, the cross section of the special-shaped floating body 11 can be selected to be an axisymmetrical structure, wherein the cross section of the special-shaped floating body 11 is perpendicular to the wave-facing surface and the back wave surface of the special-shaped floating body 11. At this time, the wave-facing side and the wave-backing side of the special-shaped floating body 11 do not need to be distinguished, so that the probability of mistaken installation is reduced, and the installation is simplified.

Specifically, if there is one bank 112, the back wave side of the bank 112 and the back wave side of the floating body 111 also form the slope step structure 113 or the curved step structure 114. At this time, the back wave surface of the bank 112, the back wave surface of the floating body 111, and the step surface also form the inclined step structure 113 or the curved step structure 114.

Specifically, if there are more than two breakwaters 112, the distribution direction of any two breakwaters 112 is the same as the distribution direction of the head-on and back-off surfaces in each breakwater 112, and the head-on side of the breakwater 112 near the head-on surface of the floating body 111 and the head-on side of the floating body 111 may be selected to form the inclined-plane step structure 113, the back-off side of the breakwater 112 near the back-off surface of the floating body 111 and the back-off side of the floating body 111 to form the inclined-plane step structure, or the head-on side of the breakwater 112 near the head-on surface of the floating body 111 and the head-on side of the floating body 111 may form the curved-plane step structure 114, and the back-off side of the breakwater 112 near the back-off surface of the floating body 111 and the back-off side of the floating body 111 may form the curved-plane step structure 114.

In practical application, the cross section of the shaped floating body 11 may be chosen to be non-axisymmetrical, and is not limited to the above embodiment.

Specifically, if the back wave surface of the breakwater 112 close to the back wave surface of the floating body 111 is flush with the back wave surface of the floating body 111, the front wave side and the back wave side of the whole constituent unit are conveniently distinguished, the probability of incorrect installation is effectively reduced, and thus the installation is simplified.

In the above-described shaped floating body 11, the shape and size of the floating body 111 and the bank 112 are selected according to actual needs. For convenience of production and manufacture, the bank 112 and the floating body 111 may be selected to have a rectangular parallelepiped shape. Further, the floating body 111 may have a square shape.

Of course, the floating body 111 and the bank 112 may have other shapes, for example, the floating body 111 may have a circular shape, and the bank 112 may have a columnar shape.

In the above-mentioned special-shaped floating body 11, the distribution directions of the wave-facing surface and the back wave surface are selected according to actual needs. For example, the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the breakwater 112 are sequentially distributed along the width direction of the breakwater 112, and the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the floating body 111 are sequentially distributed along the width direction of the floating body 111; or, the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the breakwater 112 are sequentially distributed along the length direction of the breakwater 112, and the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the floating body 111 are sequentially distributed along the length direction of the floating body 111. The former is preferred in order to reduce costs.

If the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the dam 112 are sequentially distributed along the width direction of the dam 112, and the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the floating body 111 are sequentially distributed along the width direction of the floating body 111, in order to improve the wave-absorbing effect, the end surface of the dam 112 in the length direction may be selected to be flush with the end surface of the floating body 111 in the length direction. Of course, the end surface of the bank 112 in the longitudinal direction and the end surface of the floating body 111 in the longitudinal direction may be selected to be not flush with each other, and is not limited to the above embodiment.

It is understood that the end surface of the dam 112 in the length direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the dam 112, and the end surface of the floating body 111 in the length direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the floating body 111.

In the above-mentioned floating breakwater's component unit, can choose each body to be the heterotypic floating body 11, at this moment, any two heterotypic floating bodies 11 can be the same, can also be different, choose according to the actual need; at least one floating body can be selected to be a special-shaped floating body 11, and at least one floating body is a box-shaped floating body 12; at least one floating body can also be selected as a special-shaped floating body 11, and at least one floating body is a U-shaped floating body 14; optionally, at least one of the floats is a shaped float 11, at least one of the floats is a box-shaped float 12, and at least one of the floats is a U-shaped float 14.

In the practical application process, the number of the box-shaped floating bodies 12 or the U-shaped floating bodies 14 can be properly adjusted according to the wave conditions of the sea area, so that the wave absorbing effect is improved.

The distribution of the special-shaped floating bodies 11 is selected according to actual needs. Specifically, if at least one floating body is a box-type floating body 12 and at least one floating body is a special-shaped floating body 11, the at least one special-shaped floating body 11 can be selected to be positioned on the wave-facing side of the box-type floating body 12; if at least one floating body is a U-shaped floating body 14 and at least one floating body is a special-shaped floating body 11, the at least one special-shaped floating body 11 is positioned on the wave-facing side of the U-shaped floating body 14.

If at least two floating bodies are the special-shaped floating bodies 11, in order to reduce the probability of false installation, if at least one floating body is the box-shaped floating body 12, the special-shaped floating bodies 11 are symmetrically distributed around the box-shaped floating body 12; or, if at least one floating body is a U-shaped floating body 14, the special-shaped floating bodies 11 are symmetrically distributed around the U-shaped floating body 14.

In the above-mentioned floating breakwater's component unit, in order to reduce cost, can select the wave-facing side and the back wave side of body to distribute along the width direction of body in proper order, the terminal surface of arbitrary two body length directions is parallel and level. Of course, the wave-facing surface and the wave-backing surface of the floating body can be distributed in sequence along the length direction of the floating body, and the end surfaces of any two floating bodies in the width direction are flush, and the floating body is not limited to the above embodiment.

In the above-mentioned floating breakwater's constitutional unit, two adjacent floats are connected, and to the connection structure between the float, select according to actual need. For ease of connection, two adjacent floats may optionally be connected by a first connecting structure 13.

The first connection structure 13 may be a flexible connection structure, a semi-flexible connection structure, or a rigid connection structure, and is selected according to actual needs, which is not limited in this embodiment.

It is understood that, if the first connection structure 13 is a flexible connection structure, the first connection structure 13 may be selected to be a rope, and further, the first connection structure 13 may be an elastic rope; if the first connecting structure 13 is a semi-flexible connecting structure, the first connecting structure 13 may be a chain, or the connecting structure 12 may include a connecting bracket and a rope; if the first connecting structure 13 is a rigid connecting structure, the first connecting structure 13 may be a rigid member such as a connecting frame.

For ease of installation, the first connecting structure 13 may be selected to include: a first connecting lug 131, a second connecting lug 132 and a connecting plate 133 connecting the first connecting lug 131 and the second connecting lug 132; the first connecting lug 131 and the second connecting lug 132 are fixedly connected with the connecting plate 133, and are rigidly connected at the moment; or the first connecting lug 131 and the second connecting lug 132 are hinged with the connecting plate 133, and are rigidly connected. One of the first connecting lug 131 and the second connecting lug 132 is arranged on one of the profiled floating bodies 11, and the other one is arranged on the other profiled floating body 11.

The above-mentioned floating breakwater is required to be connected to a mooring system as a constituent unit, and particularly, the floating body is provided with a mooring connector for connection to the mooring system. If the floating body is a special-shaped floating body 11, the floating body 111 and/or the dam 112 may be optionally provided with a mooring connector for connecting with a mooring system.

For the specific structure of the mooring connector, it is selected according to actual needs, for example, the mooring connector is a retaining ring, which is not limited in this embodiment.

In order to more specifically describe the technical solution provided by the embodiment, the following description is made according to a specific structure.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the floating breakwater provided in this embodiment includes two floating bodies, one floating body is a special-shaped floating body 11, and the other floating body is a box-shaped floating body 12, wherein the special-shaped floating body 11 and the box-shaped floating body 12 are connected by a first connecting structure 13, and the special-shaped floating body 11 is located on the wave-facing side of the box-shaped floating body 12.

As shown in fig. 7, the above-mentioned shaped floating body 11 includes: a floating body 111, a bank 112 fixed to the top of the floating body 111; the breakwater 112 is located between the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the floating body 111, the distance between the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the breakwater 112 is smaller than the distance between the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the floating body 111, a first preset distance is reserved between the wave-facing surface of the breakwater 112 and the wave-facing surface of the floating body 111, and the back wave-facing surface of the breakwater 112 is flush with the back wave-facing surface of the floating body 111.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 7, the first connection structure 13 includes: a first connecting lug 131, a second connecting lug 132 and a connecting plate 133 connecting the first connecting lug 131 and the second connecting lug 132; the first connecting lug 131 and the second connecting lug 132 are fixedly connected with the connecting plate 133, or the first connecting lug 131 and the second connecting lug 132 are hinged with the connecting plate 133, one of the first connecting lug 131 and the second connecting lug 132 is arranged on one special-shaped floating body 11, and the other one of the first connecting lug 131 and the second connecting lug 132 is arranged on the other special-shaped floating body 11. As shown in fig. 3, the first connecting structure 13 is a connecting rope.

In the first embodiment, the number of the box-shaped floating bodies 12 can be one or more than two; a U-shaped float 14 may be used instead of the box-type float 12.

As shown in fig. 2, when the incident wave moves and interacts with the constituent units of the floating breakwater, the special-shaped floating body 11 performs a first wave-absorbing action on the incident wave and reflects the energy of the incident wave to the open sea to reduce the transmitted wave, and the first wave-absorbing action has a better attenuation effect for waves with a smaller wave height; for waves with higher wave height, the waves have certain probability of crossing the special-shaped floating bodies 11, and the box-shaped floating bodies 12 behind the special-shaped floating bodies 11 perform secondary wave elimination on the waves crossing the special-shaped floating bodies 11 and prevent the waves from crossing the whole structure; if the floating type wave-absorbing device is used in a worse sea area, the first connecting lugs 131 on the box-type floating bodies 12 can be used for connecting a plurality of box-type floating bodies 12 so as to improve the wave-absorbing effect on worse wave conditions.

Through simulation and verification, under the same draft, the same width and the same wave conditions, the wave absorption effect of the floating breakwater composition unit provided by the first embodiment is not less than 65%, and the wave absorption effect of the existing box-type floating breakwater is 50%, so that the wave absorption effect of the floating breakwater composition unit provided by the first embodiment is at least improved by 15%. Specifically, in simulation and verification, the wave height of the wave element is 2.0m, the period of the wave element is 6s, and the water depth of the pool is 9 m. Therefore, the floating breakwater provided by the first embodiment has a good wave-absorbing effect and a strong adaptability to larger waves, i.e. can resist the larger waves from crossing.

Example two

As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the floating breakwater unit provided in the second embodiment includes three floating bodies, two floating bodies are special-shaped floating bodies 11, and the other floating body is a box-shaped floating body 12, wherein the special-shaped floating body 11 and the box-shaped floating body 12 are connected by a first connecting structure 13, one special-shaped floating body 11 is located on the wave-facing side of the box-shaped floating body 12, the other special-shaped floating body 11 is located on the back wave side of the box-shaped floating body 12, and the two special-shaped floating bodies 11 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the box-shaped floating body 12. It will be appreciated that the profiled floating bodies 11 on the lee side of the box-type floating bodies 12 are L-shaped.

As shown in fig. 7, the profile floating body 11 includes: a floating body 111, a bank 112 fixed to the top of the floating body 111; the breakwater 112 is located between the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the floating body 111, and the distance between the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the breakwater 112 is smaller than the distance between the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the floating body 111.

In the special-shaped floating body 11 positioned on the wave-facing side of the box-shaped floating body 12, the back wave surface of the dam 112 is flush with the back wave surface of the floating body 111; in the special-shaped floating body 11 positioned on the back wave side of the box-shaped floating body 12, the wave-facing surface of the dam 112 is flush with the wave-facing surface of the floating body 111.

Please refer to the description of the first embodiment for the first connection structure 13, which is not repeated in this embodiment.

In the second embodiment, the number of the box-shaped floating bodies 12 can be one or more than two; a U-shaped float 14 may be used instead of the box-type float 12.

As shown in fig. 5, when the incident wave moves and interacts with the unit of the floating breakwater, the special-shaped floating body 11 performs a first wave-absorbing action on the incident wave and reflects the energy of the incident wave to the open sea to reduce the transmitted wave, and the first wave-absorbing action has a better attenuation effect for waves with a smaller wave height; for waves with higher wave height, the waves have certain probability of crossing the special-shaped floating bodies 11, and the box-shaped floating bodies 12 behind the waves cross the special-shaped floating bodies 11 to perform wave elimination for the second time; if the waves still cross the box-type floating body 12, the later special-shaped floating body 11 carries out third wave absorption on the waves crossing the box-type floating body 12 and blocks the waves from crossing the whole structure; if the floating body is used in a worse sea area, the first connecting lugs 131 on the special-shaped floating bodies 11 can be connected with a plurality of box-shaped floating bodies 12 to improve the wave-breaking effect on worse wave conditions.

Through simulation and verification, under the same draft, the same width and the same wave condition, the wave-absorbing effect of the floating breakwater composition unit provided by the second embodiment is not less than 68%, and the wave-absorbing effect of the existing box-type floating breakwater is 50%, so that the wave-absorbing effect of the floating breakwater composition unit provided by the second embodiment is at least improved by 18%. Specifically, in simulation and verification, the wave height of the wave element is 2.0m, the period of the wave element is 6s, and the water depth of the pool is 9 m. Therefore, the floating breakwater provided by the second embodiment has a good wave-absorbing effect and a strong adaptability to larger waves, i.e. can resist the larger waves from crossing.

EXAMPLE III

As shown in fig. 8, the floating breakwater unit provided in the third embodiment includes a special-shaped floating body 11 and a box-shaped floating body 12, and the number of the box-shaped floating bodies 12 may be one or more than two; or, as shown in fig. 9, the floating breakwater unit provided in this embodiment three includes a special-shaped floating body 11 and a U-shaped floating body 14, and the number of the U-shaped floating bodies 14 may be one or more than two.

The difference between the floating breakwater unit according to the third embodiment and the floating breakwater unit according to the first embodiment is that the special-shaped floating body 11 is formed such that the wave-facing side of the breakwater 112 and the wave-facing side of the floating body 111 form an inclined step structure 113 in the special-shaped floating body 11 according to the third embodiment, as shown in fig. 12.

Example four

As shown in fig. 10, the floating breakwater unit provided in the fourth embodiment includes two special-shaped floats 12 and one box-shaped float 12, where the number of the box-shaped floats 12 is one or more than two; or, as shown in fig. 11, the floating breakwater unit provided in the fourth embodiment includes two profiled floating bodies 12 and one U-shaped floating body 14, where the number of the U-shaped floating bodies 14 is one or more than two.

The difference between the unit assembly of the floating breakwater according to the fourth embodiment and the unit assembly of the floating breakwater according to the second embodiment is the profile-shaped floating bodies 11. As shown in fig. 10 and 12, in the profile floating body 11 positioned on the wave-facing side of the box-shaped floating body 12, the wave-facing side of the breakwater 112 and the wave-facing side of the floating body 111 form an inclined step structure 113. As shown in fig. 11, in the profile floating body 11 located on the wave-facing side of the U-shaped floating body 14, the wave-facing side of the bank 112 and the wave-facing side of the floating body 111 form a slope step structure 113.

EXAMPLE five

As shown in fig. 13 to 20, the difference between the unit of the floating breakwater in the fifth embodiment and the unit of the floating breakwater in the first embodiment is the shaped floating bodies 11.

In the special-shaped floating body 11 of the fifth embodiment, the bank 112 is one and is located in the middle of the floating body 11. As shown in fig. 13 and 14, the shaped floating body 11 is in an inverted T shape; as shown in fig. 15 and 16, the wave-facing side of the breakwater 112 and the wave-facing side of the floating body 111 form an inclined stepped structure 113, and the back wave side of the breakwater 112 and the back wave side of the floating body 111 form an inclined stepped structure 113; as shown in fig. 17 and 18, the wave-facing side of the bank 112 and the wave-facing side of the floating body 111 form a slope stepped structure 113, and as shown in fig. 19 and 20, the wave-facing side of the bank 112 and the wave-facing side of the floating body 111 form a curved stepped structure 114, and the back wave side of the bank 112 and the back wave side of the floating body 111 form a curved stepped structure 114.

In the fifth embodiment, the number of the box-shaped floating bodies 12 is one or more than two; a U-shaped float 14 may be used instead of the box-type float 12.

EXAMPLE six

As shown in fig. 21 to 28, the difference between the constituent unit of the floating breakwater according to the sixth embodiment and the constituent unit of the floating breakwater according to the fifth embodiment is the profile-shaped floating body 11.

In the special-shaped floating body 11 of the sixth embodiment, there are two breakwaters 112, the distribution direction of the two breakwaters 112 is the same as the distribution direction of the head-on and back-off surfaces of the special-shaped floating body 11, and a gap is formed between the two breakwaters 112. Wherein, a first preset distance is arranged between the wave-facing surface of the breakwater 112 close to the wave-facing surface of the special-shaped floating body 11 and the wave-facing surface of the floating body 111, and a second preset distance is arranged between the back wave-facing surface of the breakwater 112 close to the back wave-facing surface of the special-shaped floating body 11 and the back wave-facing surface of the floating body 111.

As shown in fig. 23 and 24, an inclined step structure 113 is formed between the wave-facing surface of the bank 112 near the wave-facing surface of the shaped floating body 11 and the wave-facing surface of the floating body 111, and an inclined step structure 113 is formed between the back wave-facing surface of the bank 112 near the back wave-facing surface of the shaped floating body 11 and the back wave-facing surface of the floating body 111.

As shown in fig. 25 and 26, an inclined step structure 113 is formed between the wave-facing surface of the bank 112 near the wave-facing surface of the shaped floating body 11 and the wave-facing surface of the floating body 111.

As shown in fig. 27 and 28, a curved step structure 114 is formed between the wave-facing surface of the bank 112 near the wave-facing surface of the shaped floating body 11 and the wave-facing surface of the floating body 111, and a curved step structure 114 is formed between the back wave-facing surface of the bank 112 near the back wave-facing surface of the shaped floating body 11 and the back wave-facing surface of the floating body 111. In the sixth embodiment, the number of the box-shaped floating bodies 12 is one or more than two; a U-shaped float 14 may be used instead of the box-type float 12.

EXAMPLE seven

As shown in fig. 29 and 31, the floating breakwater unit provided in the seventh embodiment is different from the floating breakwater unit provided in the third embodiment mainly in the profile-shaped floating bodies 11.

In the special-shaped floating body 11 of the seventh embodiment, the wave-facing side of the bank 112 and the wave-facing side of the floating body 111 form a curved step structure 114.

In the seventh embodiment, the number of the U-shaped floating bodies 14 is one or more than two; a box-type float 12 may be used instead of the U-shaped float 14.

Example eight

As shown in fig. 30 and 31, the floating breakwater unit according to the eighth embodiment is different from the floating breakwater unit according to the fourth embodiment mainly in the profile-shaped floating bodies 11.

In the special-shaped floating body 11 of the eighth embodiment, in the special-shaped floating body 11 positioned on the wave-facing side of the box-shaped floating body 12, the wave-facing side of the breakwater 112 and the wave-facing side of the floating body 111 form a curved step structure 114; in the profile floating body 11 located on the back wave side of the box-type floating body 12, the back wave side of the bank 112 and the back wave side of the floating body 111 form a curved step structure 114.

In the eighth embodiment, the number of the U-shaped floating bodies 14 is one or more than two; a box-type float 12 may be used instead of the U-shaped float 14.

In the practical application process, the floating breakwater forming units of other structures can be formed by combining in other manners according to the practical needs, and are not limited to the eight embodiments.

Based on the above-mentioned embodiments of the constituent units of the floating breakwater, this embodiment also provides a floating breakwater, as shown in fig. 32 and 33, the floating breakwater includes a plurality of constituent units 1 connected in sequence, and the constituent units 1 are the above-mentioned embodiments of the floating breakwater. It will be appreciated that any two constituent units 1 have an angle between their direction of distribution and their direction of wave, which angle is not zero.

Since the above-mentioned embodiments provide the constituent units of the floating breakwater having the above-mentioned technical effects, and the above-mentioned floating breakwater includes the above-mentioned constituent units of the floating breakwater, the above-mentioned floating breakwater also has corresponding technical effects, and the details thereof are not described herein again.

In the floating breakwater, any two constituent units 1 can be the same or different. As shown in fig. 32 and 33, the two constituent units 1 are identical. Two adjacent component units 1 are connected, specifically, two adjacent component units 1 are connected through a second connection structure 2, the second connection structure 2 may be a flexible connection structure, a semi-flexible connection structure, or a rigid connection structure, and is selected according to actual needs, and the specific structure of the second connection structure 2 may refer to the structure of the first connection structure 13 in the foregoing, which is not described herein again.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A floating breakwater unit, comprising: the back wave surface of one of the two adjacent floating bodies is opposite to the wave-facing surface of the other one of the two adjacent floating bodies, and the two adjacent floating bodies are connected;

at least one of the floating bodies is a special-shaped floating body (11); the special-shaped floating body (11) comprises: a floating body (111), at least one bank (112) fixed on the top of the floating body (111);

the breakwater (112) is located between the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the floating body (111), and the distance between the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the breakwater (112) is smaller than the distance between the wave-facing surface and the back wave-facing surface of the floating body (111).

2. The building unit according to claim 1, wherein there are at least two said banks (112), and the direction of the distribution of any two said banks (112) is the same as the direction of the distribution of the head-on and back-off surfaces in each said bank (112), there being a gap between any two said banks (112).

3. The building unit of claim 1, characterized in that there is a first preset distance between the wave-facing side of the breakwater (112) close to the wave-facing side of the floating body (111) and the wave-facing side of the floating body (111).

4. The building block of claim 1, characterized in that there is a second preset distance between the seawall of the dyke (112) close to the seawall of the floating body (111) and the seawall of the floating body (111).

5. The building block of claim 4, characterized in that a first predetermined distance is provided between the wave-facing side of the breakwater (112) close to the wave-facing side of the floating body (111) and the wave-facing side of the floating body (111), and the first predetermined distance and the second predetermined distance are equal.

6. The building unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the seaside of the breakwater (112) and the seaside of the floating body (111) are parallel and/or the sea side of the breakwater (112) and the sea side of the floating body (111) are parallel.

7. The building block of claim 1, characterized in that the wave-facing side of at least one of the breakwaters (112) and the wave-facing side of the floating body (111) form a sloping step structure (113) or a curved step structure (114).

8. The building block according to claim 7, characterized in that the curved step structure (114) protrudes towards the bottom side of the floating body (111).

9. The building block according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the profiled floating body (11) is an axisymmetrical structure.

10. The building block according to claim 1, characterized in that the dam (112) and the buoyant body (111) are each cuboid-shaped.

11. The constitutional unit of claim 1, wherein the wave-facing surface and the wave-backing surface of the breakwater (112) are sequentially distributed along the width direction of the breakwater (112), and the wave-facing surface and the wave-backing surface of the floating body (111) are sequentially distributed along the width direction of the floating body (111).

12. The building block according to claim 11, wherein the longitudinal end surface of the bank (112) is flush with the longitudinal end surface of the floating body (111).

13. -composed element according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the floats is a box-type float (12) and/or at least one of the floats is a U-shaped float (14).

14. The building block of claim 13,

if at least one floating body is a box-type floating body (12) and at least one floating body is a special-shaped floating body (11), the at least one special-shaped floating body (11) is positioned on the wave-facing side of the box-type floating body (12);

if at least one floating body is a U-shaped floating body (14) and at least one floating body is a special-shaped floating body (11), the at least one special-shaped floating body (11) is positioned on the wave-facing side of the U-shaped floating body (14).

15. -composed cell according to claim 14, characterized in that at least two of said floats are said profiled floats (11);

at least one floating body is a box-shaped floating body (12), and the special-shaped floating bodies (11) are symmetrically distributed relative to the box-shaped floating body (12); or at least one floating body is a U-shaped floating body (14), and the special-shaped floating bodies (11) are symmetrically distributed relative to the U-shaped floating body (14).

16. The unit according to claim 1, wherein the wave-facing surface and the wave-backing surface of the floating body are distributed in sequence along the width direction of the floating body, and the end surfaces of any two floating bodies in the length direction are flush.

17. The building block of any one of claims 1-16, wherein the buoyant body is provided with a mooring connection for connection to a mooring system.

18. A floating breakwater comprising a number of successively connected building units (1), characterized in that the building units (1) are according to any of claims 1-17.