CN108797512A - Expansible elastic floating breakwater and its method of construction - Google Patents
Expansible elastic floating breakwater and its method of construction Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/062—Constructions floating in operational condition, e.g. breakwaters or wave dissipating walls
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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Abstract
Expansible elastic floating breakwater and its method of construction, including elemental floating body and anchor chain, anchor chain one end is fixedly connected by fixed lock with the bottom of elemental floating body, the other end is fixed on seabed by the clump weight that anchors, elemental floating body is connect by Flexible element with other elemental floating bodies respectively on horizontal four direction, is formed in the whole floating breakwater arranged on the water surface.Elemental floating body is quad flat hollow structure, and plane four direction is provided with extension lock, and extension lock is connected with Flexible element, and the multiple springs of setting, both ends are connected on fixed steel disc in Flexible element, fixed steel disc and extension lock connection.The present invention can have good wave damping effect under different cycles, wave height wave situations, simple in structure, and it is convenient to build, and using strong applicability, have important practical significance to port engineering wave resistance.Can play do not separate inside and outside port water body exchange, reduce in port deposit, by the depth of water limited it is small, build advantage rapid, easy to maintain.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of floating breakwater, especially a kind of expansible elastic floating breakwater belongs to breakwater
Field.The invention further relates to the methods of construction of this expansible elastic floating breakwater.
Background technology
Breakwater is a kind of important port and coastal engineering building, is mainly used for that wave is defendd to invade harbour water area
It attacks, to provide steady, safe berthing conditions and operation waters in port, while also improving the design item of hydraulic structure in port
Part protects marine structure.In addition, in chiltern or muddy coast, breakwater also functions to reduction or silt is prevented to approach
Effect, to having the harbour of frost, breakwater that can also reduce floating ice outside port and enter in port.The structural shape of breakwater mainly has slope
Formula, vertical type, hybrid-type, exposed throughout type and floating etc., wherein first three are traditional bottom-sitting type breakwater.Traditional bottom-sitting type
Breakwater can preferably screen waters in port and service life is longer, however, there is inevitable offices for bottom-sitting type breakwater
It is sex-limited：With the increase of the engineering depth of water and the deterioration of foundation condition, project cost sharply increases, and difficulty of construction increases；Shielding
The water circulation in region is restricted, and easy tos produce water pollution in the deposition and port of silt.Permeable breakwater on piled foundation simultaneously
It is poor to adapt to tidal level changing capability, shielding effect is difficult to control.
With the development of the composite demands such as coastal environment protection, sightseeing tour and aquaculture, people are about seashore and port
Great transformation is occurring for the idea of mouth exploitation.Improve water quality ring in port to adapt to deep water, soft foundation, introducing exchange of seawater
Border and cheap demand, port structure pattern will be to cancelled structure, energy dissipation type structures and Mobyneb structure etc.
New structure pattern develops.
In recent years, floating breakwater receives the close attention of domestic outer harbour, seashore and ocean engineering circle because it with
Traditional bottom-sitting type breakwater is compared and is had the following advantages：（1）When the depth of water is larger, floating breakwater greatly reduces engineering use
Amount, the general relative moderate of project cost；（2）Basement process need not be carried out when construction, do not limited, reduced by foundation condition
Difficulty of construction；（3）With very strong water body function of exchange, seawater pollution can be prevented, do not influence sediment movement and fish migrate, protected
The aquatic substance environment in shielding area is protected；（4）Quantities is small, and construction is simple is rapid, is easy to arrangement of removing and adjust；（5）Floating body can
Change with tidal level and lift, adapts to macrotidal range marine site, and beautiful.In view of the above advantage, floating breakwater can be used as permanently
Building or temporary structure have broad application prospects in following field：（1）In the day with preferable wind sheltering condition
Deepwater wharf is built in right deep water bay, and to prevent the influence of leading stormy waves throughout the year, a small amount of floating can be arranged in suitable region
Breakwater, to reach the anti-unrestrained effect of more preferably wind sheltering；（2）Floating breakwater can be used as ship and lean on docking temporarily；（3）Floating is anti-
Wave dike can screen the waters such as aquaculture, bathing beach, to obtain the double effects for reducing investment outlay and keeping good water quality；（4）
The construction site of marine engineering can carry out provisional shielding with floating breakwater, to increase construction operation number of days, shorten the construction period,
It improves benefit；（5）Militarily floating breakwater can be used for screening the waters of Marine Mobile harbour and a kind of more satisfactory
Structural shape；（6）Floating breakwater can be used as the wave resistance measure of marine disaster prevention emergency.But there also have several factors to limit floating to be anti-
The application of wave dike, its wave absorbing effect is poor when such as screening effect longer not as good as bottom-sitting type breakwater, wave period, wave action
Under dynamic response can cause structure fatigue damage and larger mooring forces to keep maintenance requirement high, and in the case of extreme storm
The safety of floating breakwater structure itself is difficult to ensure.
Floating breakwater is made of floating body and mooring system, by the interaction of floating body and wave come the wave that disappears.According to floating
Floating breakwater can be divided into wave energy reflection-type by the unrestrained principle that disappears of formula breakwater structure（Such as floating box type, the anti-wave of float-type floating
Dike）, wave energy loss type（Such as the floating raft types floating breakwater such as bamboo raft, waste tire）With reflection-loss mixed type（Such as grid
Column, buoyancy tank fence type floating breakwater）Three categories.
The achievement in research and development of floating breakwater structure are introduced below, emphasis is floating to different structure type
The unrestrained principle that disappears, the unrestrained performance that disappears and the structure stress situation of formula breakwater are analyzed.
Incident Wave energy is mainly reflexed to off-lying sea to reduce transmission by traditional floating box type floating breakwater using buoyancy tank
Wave, generally by manufactures such as steel plate or armored concrete, wherein the width range of single buoyancy tank is generally 8~16m, enters the depth of water
Degree range is generally 1.5~4.0m.Structure is most simple in floating box type floating breakwater, prevents for single floating box type floating using most
Wave dike.To improve the unrestrained performance that disappears of floating box type floating breakwater, expand the application range of floating breakwater, domestic and foreign scholars are from increasing
Add reflexion of wave and wave energy loss angularly to be improved floating box structure, mainly have more floating box types, buoyancy tank-it is vertical it is board-like,
Buoyancy tank-level is board-like and other loss wave energy structural formula floating breakwaters of buoyancy tank-etc..
（1）More floating box type floating breakwaters
Compared with single floating box type floating breakwater, the unrestrained performance that disappears can be improved in more floating box types.Williams et al. is according to two-dimentional potential barrier
Theory, application boundary member method is to the floating breakwater that is made of two rigidly connected buoyancy tanks and two not connected buoyancy tanks
Hydrodynamic characterisitic has carried out numerical simulation study respectively, and result of study shows the reflexion of wave system of double floating box type floating breakwaters
Number is largely determined by the rigidity of the width of structure, drinking water, two buoyancy tank spacing and anchor chain.Syed and Mani utilizes boundary element
Method analyzes the unrestrained performance that disappears of the floating breakwater of three rigidly connected buoyancy tank compositions, and result of study shows buoyancy tank spacing pair
Wave transmission coefficient and reflective index impacts are notable.
（2）The vertical board-like floating breakwater of buoyancy tank-
The vertical board-like floating breakwater of buoyancy tank-increases reflexion of wave by vertical plate and the water body near it is interfered to transport
It is dynamic, to improve the unrestrained performance that disappears, common areType and T-type.Ruol et al. is different size of to 8Type floating breakwater（Anchor
Chain anchors and the anchoring of vertical guide pile）Serial physical model investigation has been carried out, relative cycle is introduced（Incident wave period and knot
Structure heaves the ratio between natural period）This parameter proposesThe calculation formula of type floating breakwater transmission coefficient.Koriam and
Rageh has specialized in vertical plate by physical experiments and has disappeared to floating breakwater the influence of unrestrained performance, result of study table
The bright transmission coefficient with the increase floating embankment of vertical plate quantity reduces, and when there is 4 layer vertical plate, transmission coefficient is smaller than
0.25。
（3）The board-like floating breakwater of buoyancy tank-level
The board-like floating breakwater of buoyancy tank-level is interfered surrounding water sports using the level board of buoyancy tank bottom and can
The overall stability for increasing structure, to improve the unrestrained performance that disappears.It is floating that Ikesue et al. proposes double floating box types with interior outer wing
Formula breakwater, and its transmission coefficient is calculated using wave numerical value sink, result of study shows that interior outer wing is anti-to floating
The unrestrained performance that disappears of wave dike has a significant impact, and the wave absorbing effect of double floating box type floating breakwaters with interior outer wing is better than identical size
Single floating box type floating breakwater.Xiao Xiao and Wang Yongxue et al. application boundary member technique study wave and one level board of double buoyancy tanks
Formula floats breakwater INTERACTION PROBLEMS, the level board for being placed in double buoyancy tank lower parts comprising one layer in structure, numerical simulation result table
The bright board-like floating breakwaters of buoyancy tank-level double under conditions of buoyancy tank overall width is certain and folk prescription case-board-like floating of level are anti-
Wave dike, which is compared, preferable wave absorbing effect, but motion amplitude is larger and stress on anchor chain is larger.Yang Biao et al.]Double buoyancy tank lower parts are pacified
The floating breakwater of dress level board has carried out physical model test, the results showed that wave absorbing effect when two-ply is better than a laminate
When, and its transmission coefficient less level board the case where can at most reduce 0.4 or so；When relative width is more than 0.30, transmission
Coefficient can be controlled in 0.35 hereinafter, motor imagination is also obviously reduced simultaneously, but stress on anchor chain can be increased.
（4）The other loss wave energy structural formula floating breakwaters of buoyancy tank-
Buoyancy tank combines other loss wave energy structures and the unrestrained performances that disappear of floating breakwater can be improved, because fabricated structure is by buoyancy tank knot
Structure is changed into wave energy by wave energy reflection-type and reflects-be lost mixed type floating breakwater.Wave energy loss structure includes mainly fence knot
Structure, truss structure, membrane structure and air chamber structure etc..
The floating box type floating breakwater that buoyancy tank is combined with fence or truss structure is enhanced using fence structure or truss structure
Water body turbulent fluctuation makes wave breaking increase wave energy loss, to improve the unrestrained performance that disappears.Mani proposes one kind in buoyancy tank bottom
Equidistantly the Y type floating breakwaters of installation cylinder, one row's cylinder of lower part can make wave energy decay, and result of study shows the floating
Breakwater relative width be 0.15 or so when can make transmission coefficient be less than 0.5, reduce wave period it is longer when it is wide to floating embankment
The requirement of degree.It is anti-that Murali and Mani proposes " cage " floating being made of forward and backward two rows of buoyancy tanks and its underpart solid matter pipe
Wave dike, result of study show that the floating breakwater can reach most of floating embankment structure relative widths when relative width is 0.15 and be
Wave absorbing effect when 0.4.
Single-layer or multi-layer membrane structure（Nylon membrane, glass fabric etc.）It can be used as floating breakwater and wave and screen phase to disappear
Close waters.In buoyancy tank bottom, the unrestrained performance that disappears of floating breakwater can be improved in setting single-layer or multi-layer membrane structure.Hermanson is carried
The floating box type floating breakwater of bottom connection single thin film is gone out, experimental study shows that all operating mode lower bottom part connections are single
The case where wave absorbing effect of the floating box type floating breakwater of layer film is better than no film, transmission coefficient averagely reduces by 12% or so,
17% can at most be reduced.
（5）Floating raft type floating breakwater
Floating raft type floating breakwater is wave energy loss type floating breakwater, and the main friction using floating body and water body near the water surface is made
With, interference the water surface near water body movement come incident wave of decaying.Floating raft type floating breakwater is easily fabricated and safeguards, and with it is floating
Box to be compared with float-type floating breakwater low-cost, but wave absorbing effect is relatively poor, and the width of buoyant raft structure is generally wanted
Wave damping effect can just be effectively acted as by reaching one times of wavelength or so.It research to waste tire formula floating breakwater both at home and abroad and answers
With relatively more.Waste tire formula floating breakwater according to different layout patterns be divided into Wave-Maze types, Goodyear types and
Tire is linked to be rigid entirety by Wave-Guard types etc., wherein Wave-Guard types by rod piece, compares the waste and old wheel of other patterns
Tire formula floating breakwater wave absorbing effect is preferable.Wu Weideng etc. is square from the rigidity of raft body, gradient, gear unrestrained area and the natural frequency of vibration etc.
Improved in face of steel pipe-rubber-tyred floating breakwater structure, reflection and consumption of the buoyant raft to wave energy can be increased, can compared with
Make the transmission coefficient of buoyant raft is minimum to reach 0.22 under the conditions of unfavorable incidence wave.
For floating raft type floating breakwater, other than waste tire formula, the floating raft type floating breakwater of also other patterns
It proposes.Wu Jingping etc. imitates the structure type of water plant " buoy ", devises a kind of breakwater of new model, by polylith circle
Plank flexible connection is integral, is laid in the water surface, and result of study shows that the structure has wave absorbing effect, and using mooring in underwater
Mode when fixing wave absorbing effect better than mooring in the bank the case where.Hegde etc. to by multilayer PVC pipes be horizontally staggered arrangement and
At floating raft type floating breakwater carried out physical model test, it is saturating when floating embankment relative width is 1.0 in trial stretch
Coefficient is penetrated 0.6 or so.
（6）Other pattern floating breakwaters
In addition to a variety of floating box types（Float-type）With floating raft type floating breakwater structural shape, also there is the floating of other structures pattern anti-
Wave dike propose, such as A shape frameworks floating breakwater, plate-net formula and porous structure floating breakwater.The anti-wave of A shape framework floating
Dike is proposed that design principle is that floating embankment structure is made to have larger rotary inertia by Canadian scholar.Dong Guohai and Zheng Yanna etc.
One kind is proposed by plate, net and heavy molecular plate-net formula floating breakwater, result of study shows this floating breakwater tool
There is preferable wave absorbing effect, but specific design parameter need to be depending on local actual wave and flow condition.Wang Huanyu and grandson
Clear morning is on the basis ofs considering blocking reflected, turbulent fluctuation energy consumption and wave crest dissipation etc., it is proposed that by the more diamond shape modules assembly of multilayer
At porous structure floating embankment, result of study shows that the structure floating embankment wave energy loss is more, and reflexion of wave is less, wave absorbing effect it is good and
It is small by wave force.The design method and Research Thinking of these floating breakwater structural shapes are further to study floating breakwater knot
Configuration formula, raising floating breakwater wave absorbing effect provide positive reference.
Existing floating breakwater structure has the following disadvantages：
（1）Existing floating breakwater haves the shortcomings that wave absorbing effect is poor, especially when wave period is longer.This is because wave
Floating breakwater is larger with wave motion when period is longer, the reflex and wave energy loss declines of external sea wave,
Become larger thoroughly to the wave after dike；
（2）When wave height is larger, floating breakwater structure stress is larger, and the safety of validity period structure is difficult to ensure.This be by
Anchor chain or vertical guide pile is generally used to anchor in floating breakwater, floating breakwater is with wave motion under wave action, big
Floating breakwater meeting strenuous exercise when wave effect, prodigious power, the safety of structure can be generated to structure by limiting the movement of buoyancy tank
It is difficult to ensure.
（3）And for the labyrinth floating breakwater of some unrestrained better performances that disappear, although the structural type proposed both at home and abroad
Formula is more, but by wave force, big, structure inherently safe is difficult to ensure floating breakwater structure in billow, the safety drop of structure
It is low.For example for double buoyancy tanks（More buoyancy tanks）Formula floating breakwater, if do not connected between buoyancy tank（Each buoyancy tank is free）, then floating
The wave absorbing effect improvement of breakwater is not obvious, if be rigidly connected using rod piece between buoyancy tank, the active force suffered by rod piece
It is bound to larger；For double board-like floating breakwaters of buoyancy tank-level, although the anti-wave of the more traditional single floating box type floating of its wave absorbing effect
Dike is improved, but the stress of anchor chain increases, and the wave force that lower horizontal plate is subject to is also very big, and the safety of structure reduces.
Invention content
Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention to provide a kind of expansible elastic floating
Breakwater, simple in structure, it is convenient to build, and using strong applicability, has important practical significance to port engineering wave resistance.The present invention
The method of construction of this expansible elastic floating breakwater is also provided.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical scheme is as follows：A kind of expansible elastic floating breakwater, packet
Several elemental floating bodies are included（Buoyancy tank）And anchor chain, described anchor chain one end is fixed by the bottom of fixed lock and elemental floating body to be connected
It connects, the other end of anchor chain is fixed on seabed by the clump weight that anchors, which is characterized in that the elemental floating body is in four horizontal sides
It is connect respectively with other elemental floating bodies by Flexible element upwards, is formed in the row and column arranged on the water surface, and form entirety
Floating breakwater（The face battle array of elemental floating body）.
The elemental floating body is connect by Flexible element with other elemental floating bodies respectively on horizontal four direction,
Connection type is：The elemental floating body is quad flat hollow structure, and plane four direction is provided with extension lock, extension
Lock connect with Flexible element, and the multiple springs of setting, both ends are connected on fixed steel disc in the Flexible element, fix steel disc with
Extension lock connection.
The present invention is this to connect extended mode using multiple elemental floating bodies with Flexible element, can obtain random length and width
The whole floating breakwater of degree.
Flexible element between elemental floating body can enhance the absorption loss effect to wave energy, improve wave absorbing effect.Wave action
Under, there are phase differences for the movement of front and back elemental floating body so that Flexible element is compressed and stretched.When wave crest acts on first row
When elemental floating body, the speed that first row elemental floating body is moved along wave direction is more than the speed that second row elemental floating body moves,
Flexible element is compressed at this time；When trough acts on first row elemental floating body, first row elemental floating body is along wave direction
Heterodromous speed is more than the speed of second row elemental floating body movement, and Flexible element is stretched at this time.Either compression is gone back
It is to stretch, Flexible element all absorbs wave energy.
According to Hooke's law and the acting principle of power, Flexible element is in the wave energy compressed with absorbed in drawing process：W
=1/2*k*x2
In formula, W is the energy that Flexible element absorbs（J）；K is the coefficient of elasticity of Flexible element（N/m）；X is the pressure of Flexible element
Contracting or amount of tension（m）.
For expansible elastic floating breakwater, other than Flexible element is to the absorption loss effect of wave energy, wave energy exists
There is also certain turbulent fluctuation consumption, these influences to clearly enhance expansible elastic floating breakwater to wave energy between elemental floating body
Loss effect, so as to reduce wave transmission coefficient, improve its wave absorbing effect.
Preferably, the shape and size uniformity of the elemental floating body cause, spacing between elemental floating body in same direction and
Flexible element is also consistent.
Preferably, the elemental floating body is both provided with extension lock along plane four direction, by Flexible element, admittedly
Determine steel disc and extension lock, the floating breakwater are extendable to random length and the entirety of width.
Preferably, the elemental floating body is waterproof hollow structure, it can be adjusted by the amount of filler in elemental floating body and entered
Water depth.
It is embedded in elemental floating body preferably, the extension is latched and fixed when latching in prefabricated elemental floating body, to protect
Demonstrate,prove enough intensity.
Preferably, the elasticity of the Flexible element is appropriate, the maximum energy-absorbing of Flexible element can guarantee adjacent elemental floating body
It does not collide under the wave action.
The technical solution for completing second invention task of the application is the construction of above-mentioned expansible elastic floating breakwater
Method includes the following steps：
The first step, prefabricated elemental floating body insert filler, sealing buoyancy aid unit according to desired underwater penetration.Filler can be rubble,
Sandstone or slag etc..For each elemental floating body, the amount of filler of filling can be calculated by following methods：
If the area of plane of the elemental floating body on the water surface is S（m2）, it is required that underwater penetration be d（m）, elemental floating body itself
Quality is m1（kg）, then the packing quality m inserted is needed2（kg）For：m2=ρ*S*d-m1, wherein ρ is the density of water（kg/m3）.
Extension is latched and fixed lock is in elemental floating body by second step（It is embedded in four of elemental floating body level respectively
Direction and lower section）, the prefabricated completion of elemental floating body.
Third walks, in the case that sea situation is good, operating condition is good, by elemental floating body to related marine site, in Project Areas
Domain is by the position of each elemental floating body of GPS positioning, to reach defined spacing between elemental floating body.Pass through anchor chain mooring buoys list
Lock connection is fixed in member, anchor chain one end by the bottom of fixed lock and elemental floating body, and the other end passes through clump weight and the sea of anchoring
Bottom connects.
4th step, by multiple customization springs（Spacing of the length of spring between elemental floating body subtracts fixed steel disc and extension
The width of lock）Both ends be connected on fixed steel disc and form Flexible element.Pass through Flexible element, fixed steel disc and floating body list
The extension lock of first surrounding is sequentially connected in series the integral floating breakwater of each elemental floating body group.
Advantageous effect：The expansible elastic floating breakwater of the present invention, the more traditional single floating box type floating of wave absorbing effect are anti-
Wave dike can have preferable improvement, simultaneously because the two-dimensional expansion of structure, can have under different cycles, wave height wave situations
Good wave damping effect, simple in structure, it is convenient to build, and using strong applicability, has important practical meaning to port engineering wave resistance
Justice.Expansible elastic floating breakwater can be applied to the fields such as port and pier, offshore construction, sea-farming, bathing beach, hair
Wave do not separate inside and outside port water body exchange, reduce in port deposit, by the depth of water limited it is small, build advantage rapid, easy to maintain, to me
State's port and coastal engineering construction, seashore resources development and utilization and environmental protection can play positive facilitation.
Description of the drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural plan schematic diagram that floating of the present invention combines breakwater.
Fig. 2 is the structure section schematic diagram that floating of the present invention combines breakwater.
Fig. 3 is the elemental floating body schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure includes elemental floating body 1, Flexible element 2, extension lock and fixed lock 3, anchor chain 4, fixed steel disc 5, anchoring
Clump weight 6.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1, expansible elastic floating breakwater, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2：Including elemental floating body 1, Flexible element
2,3 connection of bottom fixation lock of extension lock and fixed lock 3 and anchor chain 4,4 one end of the anchor chain and elemental floating body 1, one
End is connected with seabed, and the elemental floating body 1 is quad flat hollow structure, and plane four direction is provided with extension lock 3,
Extension lock 3 and Flexible element 2 connect, and the multiple springs of setting, both ends are connected on fixed steel disc 5 in the Flexible element 2, Gu
Determine 3 connection of steel disc 5 and extension lock, the extension lock 3 is used for the connection of elemental floating body 1 and Flexible element 2, using multiple floating
Body unit 1 and Flexible element 2 connect extended mode, can obtain the whole floating breakwater of random length and width.
In the present invention, the elemental floating body 1 can be welded by steel plate or armored concrete the methods of be poured and be made
It makes, shape and size uniformity cause, and the shape of elemental floating body 1 is adjustable, may be produced that rectangle, square, circle and ellipse
Shape etc..Spacing in 1 same direction of elemental floating body is also consistent with Flexible element 2.
In the present invention, the elemental floating body 1 is both provided with along plane four direction extends lock 3, in Flexible element 2
Multiple springs are set, and both ends are connected on fixed steel disc 5,3 connection of fixed steel disc 5 and extension lock.Pass through elemental floating body 1, bullet
Property unit 2, fixed steel disc 5 and extension lock 3, which is extendable to random length and the entirety of width, can expire
The different requirement of foot.
In the present invention, the elemental floating body 1 is waterproof hollow structure.In making, before elemental floating body binds, to floating body
The fillers such as filling rubble, sandstone or slag in unit, to reach the underwater penetration of requirement.
In the present invention, the extension lock and fixed lock 3 are embedded in prefabricated elemental floating body 1 in elemental floating body 1,
To ensure enough intensity.
In the present invention, the elasticity of the Flexible element 2 is appropriate, and the maximum energy-absorbing of Flexible element 2 can guarantee adjacent floating body
Unit 1 does not collide under the wave action.
In the present invention, expansible elastic floating breakwater method of construction includes the following steps：
The first step, prefabricated elemental floating body insert filler, sealing buoyancy aid unit according to desired underwater penetration.Filler can be rubble,
Sandstone or slag etc..For each elemental floating body, the amount of filler of filling can be calculated by following methods：
If the area of plane of the elemental floating body on the water surface is S（m2）, it is required that underwater penetration be d（m）, elemental floating body itself
Quality is m1（kg）, then the packing quality m inserted is needed2（kg）For：m2=ρ*S*d-m1, wherein ρ is the density of water（kg/m3）.
Extension is latched and fixed lock is in elemental floating body by second step（It is embedded in four of elemental floating body level respectively
Direction and lower section）, the prefabricated completion of elemental floating body.
Third walks, in the case that sea situation is good, operating condition is good, by elemental floating body to related marine site, in Project Areas
Domain is by the position of each elemental floating body of GPS positioning, to reach defined spacing between elemental floating body.Pass through anchor chain mooring buoys list
Lock connection is fixed in member, anchor chain one end by the bottom of fixed lock and elemental floating body, and the other end passes through clump weight and the sea of anchoring
Bottom connects.
4th step, by multiple customization springs（Spacing of the length of spring between elemental floating body subtracts fixed steel disc and extension
The width of lock）Both ends be connected on fixed steel disc and form Flexible element.Pass through Flexible element, fixed steel disc and floating body list
The extension lock of first surrounding is sequentially connected in series the integral floating breakwater of each elemental floating body group.
Elemental floating body and Flexible element combine, and one side elemental floating body has reflex, another aspect bullet to wave
Property unit there is absorption loss effect to wave energy, while wave energy between elemental floating body there are certain turbulent fluctuation consumption, these are influenced
It clearly enhances expansible elastic floating breakwater to act on the loss of wave energy, so as to reduce wave transmission coefficient, improve
Its wave absorbing effect.
Since the expansible elastic floating breakwater that elemental floating body and Flexible element combine enhances the damage of wave energy
Consumption acts on, and the more traditional single floating box type floating breakwater of wave absorbing effect can have preferable improvement, simultaneously because two dimensional expansions of structure
Malleability can have good wave damping effect under different cycles, wave height wave situations, simple in structure, and it is convenient to build, using suitable
It is strong with property.Expansible elastic floating breakwater can be applied to the necks such as port and pier, offshore construction, sea-farming, bathing beach
Domain, play do not separate water body inside and outside port exchange, reduce in port deposit, by the depth of water limited it is small, build it is rapid, easy to maintain excellent
Point can play positive facilitation to China's port and coastal engineering construction, seashore resources development and utilization and environmental protection.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiment.It is all to use equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shape
At technical solution, fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of expansible elastic floating breakwater, includes several elemental floating bodies and anchor chain, described anchor chain one end passes through
Fixed lock is fixedly connected with the bottom of elemental floating body, and the other end of anchor chain is fixed on seabed, feature by the clump weight that anchors
It is, the elemental floating body is connect by Flexible element with other elemental floating bodies respectively on horizontal four direction, is formed
The row and column arranged on the water surface, and form whole floating breakwater.
2. expansible elastic floating breakwater according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the elemental floating body is in level
Four direction on connect respectively with other elemental floating bodies by Flexible element, connection type is：The elemental floating body is
Quad flat hollow structure is provided with extension lock along plane four direction, and extension lock is connected with Flexible element, the bullet
Property unit in the multiple springs of setting, both ends are connected on fixed steel disc, fixed steel disc and extension lock connection.
3. expansible elastic floating breakwater according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the shape of the elemental floating body
It is caused with size uniformity, the spacing between elemental floating body in same direction is also consistent with Flexible element.
4. expansible elastic floating breakwater according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the elemental floating body is along flat
Face four direction is both provided with extension lock, is latched by Flexible element, fixed steel disc and extension, which can expand
Transform into random length and the entirety of width.
5. expansible elastic floating breakwater according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the elemental floating body is waterproof
Hollow structure can adjust its underwater penetration by the amount of filler in elemental floating body.
6. the expansible elastic floating breakwater according to one of claim 1-5, which is characterized in that the extension lock
It is embedded in elemental floating body with the when of latching in prefabricated elemental floating body is fixed, to ensure enough intensity.
7. the method for construction of expansible elastic floating breakwater described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
The first step, prefabricated elemental floating body insert filler, sealing buoyancy aid unit according to desired underwater penetration；
Extension is latched and fixed lock is in elemental floating body by second step：It is embedded in the four direction of elemental floating body level respectively
And lower section, the prefabricated completion of elemental floating body；
Third walks, logical in Engineering Zone by elemental floating body to related marine site in the case that sea situation is good, operating condition is good
The position for crossing each elemental floating body of GPS positioning, to reach defined spacing between elemental floating body；By anchor chain mooring buoys unit,
Lock connection is fixed in anchor chain one end by the bottom of fixed lock with elemental floating body, and the other end passes through clump weight and the seabed company of anchoring
It connects；
4th step, by multiple customization springs；The both ends of spring are connected on fixed steel disc and form Flexible element；The length of spring is
Spacing between elemental floating body subtracts the width of fixed steel disc and extension lock；Pass through Flexible element, fixed steel disc and floating body list
The extension lock of first surrounding is sequentially connected in series the integral floating breakwater of each elemental floating body group.
8. the method for construction of expansible elastic floating breakwater according to claim 7, which is characterized in that filler can be
Rubble, sandstone or slag；For each elemental floating body, the amount of filler of filling is calculated by following methods：
If the area of plane of the elemental floating body on the water surface is S（m2）, it is required that underwater penetration be d（m）, elemental floating body itself
Quality is m1（kg）, then the packing quality m inserted is needed2（kg）For：m2=ρ*S*d-m1, wherein ρ is the density of water（kg/m3）.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110219280A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-09-10 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of scalable floating breakwater |
| CN110239684A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-09-17 | 广西大学 | A kind of more body composite floating type platforms, the floating type man-made island based on the platform, the man-made island method of construction |
| CN114148465A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-08 | 一道新能源科技(衢州)有限公司 | Floating body array |
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| JPS61176711A (en) * | 1985-01-30 | 1986-08-08 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Mooring device for float |
| CN105756012A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-07-13 | 江苏天御海工新材料科技有限公司 | Floating breakwater device |
| CN207244568U (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2018-04-17 | 大连海洋大学 | A kind of semi-submersible type lightweight concrete transmission hexahedron wave attenuating device |
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| JPS61176711A (en) * | 1985-01-30 | 1986-08-08 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Mooring device for float |
| CN105756012A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-07-13 | 江苏天御海工新材料科技有限公司 | Floating breakwater device |
| CN207244568U (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2018-04-17 | 大连海洋大学 | A kind of semi-submersible type lightweight concrete transmission hexahedron wave attenuating device |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110239684A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-09-17 | 广西大学 | A kind of more body composite floating type platforms, the floating type man-made island based on the platform, the man-made island method of construction |
| CN110219280A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-09-10 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of scalable floating breakwater |
| CN110219280B (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2021-08-31 | 江苏科技大学 | Telescopic floating breakwater |
| CN114148465A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-08 | 一道新能源科技(衢州)有限公司 | Floating body array |
| CN114148465B (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2023-11-21 | 一道新能源科技股份有限公司 | Floating body array |
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